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Job 27:5 — Word Study

Depth

WLCחָלִ֣ילָה לִּי֮ אִם־ אַצְדִּ֪יק אֶ֫תְכֶ֥ם עַד־ אֶגְוָ֑ע לֹא־ אָסִ֖יר תֻּמָּתִ֣י מִמֶּֽנִּי׃

BSAI will neverchâlîylâh say that you are righttsâdaq [far be it from me, God forbid, justify you, declare you righteous] I will maintainlôʼ [insist on, hold to] my integritytummâh [innocence, moral purity] untilʻad [till, as long as] I diegâvaʻ [expire, give up my spirit]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 27
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 5 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (mi.Me.ni) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 27:5quick helps
In a sentenceJob firmly asserts his refusal to declare God right, choosing instead to uphold his integrity.
Who is speakingJob, in a direct address, speaks to his friends.
Where we areIn a section where Job defends his righteousness amidst his suffering.
The hard wordחָלִילָה
Take awayJob's commitment to integrity remains steadfast until death.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbאִם The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 27:5

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Defense of His Integritygenerated

4my lips will not speak wickedness, and my tongue will not utter deceit.
5I will never say that you are right; I will maintain my integrity until I die.
6I will cling to my righteousness and never let go. As long as I live, my conscience will not accuse me.
7May my enemy be like the wicked and my opponent like the unjust.

Job 27:5 is part of Job's response to his friends, where he emphasizes his unwavering commitment to his integrity despite their accusations. Job declares that he will never concede to their claims that he is in the wrong, maintaining his stance until his death. This moment highlights the struggle between Job's faithfulness and the pressure from his peers to conform to their understanding of righteousness.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 32:3and he burned with anger against Job’s three friends because they had failed to refute Job, and yet had condemned him.
2Job 42:7After the LORD had spoken these words to Job, He said to Eliphaz the Temanite, “My wrath is kindled against you and your two friends. For you have not spoken about Me accurately, as My servant Job has.
3Deuteronomy 25:1If there is a dispute between men, they are to go to court to be judged, so that the innocent may be acquitted and the guilty condemned.
4Proverbs 17:15Acquitting the guilty and condemning the righteous— both are detestable to the LORD.
5Galatians 2:11When Cephas came to Antioch, however, I opposed him to his face, because he stood to be condemned.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 9 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word חָלִילָה, cha.Li.lahgenerated

The word חָלִילָה (cha.Li.lah) is an interjection that conveys a strong sense of prohibition or disapproval, akin to saying 'God forbid.' It reflects a deep emotional response, often used to emphasize the seriousness of a statement. This word is derived from a root meaning 'to profane,' indicating its use in contexts where something sacred is at stake.

In this verse, Job employs חָלִילָה to strongly reject the notion that he would declare God to be right, highlighting his commitment to his own integrity and moral stance.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

Translations generally agree on the meaning of the verse, with each conveying Job's refusal to justify God or concede to his friends' accusations.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb אַצְדִּ֪יק ('atz.Dik) governs the main clause, establishing Job's refusal to declare God right, while the subsequent clauses elaborate on his commitment to integrity and the conditions surrounding his declaration.

The structure emphasizes Job's resolve and the weight of his statements, with the main action centered on his refusal and the supporting phrases detailing the context of his integrity.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates חָלִילָה as a word indicating a strong negation, which aligns with Job's emphatic rejection of justifying God. This choice reflects the translators' understanding of the emotional weight behind Job's statement.

The Greek rendering captures the essence of Job's declaration, preserving the intensity of his refusal to align with his friends' accusations.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 27:5 shows Job resolutely stating that he will never say God is right in the face of his suffering. He emphasizes his commitment to maintaining his integrity until he dies, rejecting the idea of justifying God at the expense of his own moral stance.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by saying he will not declare God right?

Job is asserting that he will not compromise his integrity or align with his friends' accusations against him, even if it means standing alone.

Why is integrity important to Job?

For Job, integrity is a matter of personal honor and faithfulness to God, especially in the face of suffering and criticism.

How does Job's statement reflect his relationship with God?

Job's refusal to justify God indicates a deep, complex relationship where he seeks to maintain his own righteousness while grappling with his understanding of God's justice.

What can we learn from Job's commitment to integrity?

Job's commitment teaches the importance of standing firm in one's beliefs and values, even when faced with opposition or misunderstanding.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what areas of my life do I need to stand firm in my integrity, like Job?
  2. How do I respond when my beliefs are challenged by others?
  3. What does it mean to maintain integrity in difficult circumstances?
  4. How can I support others who are struggling to uphold their integrity?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early commentators have reflected on Job's declaration of integrity, arguing from this verse to illustrate the importance of steadfastness in righteousness.

Ephrem the SyrianCOMMENTARY ON Job 27:6 c. 306–373
“I hold fast my righteousness and will not let it go.” That means, I will not surrender, nor will the perseverance and resolution of my soul yield, but I will patiently and bravely bear my calamity.
Early Church Fathers on Job 27 →
John ChrysostomCOMMENTARY ON Job 27:5B-6 c. 347–407
This is what Job means, one who is full of iniquity has neither liberty to express himself nor to say what I say now. Rather, he has been taken away and stays silent. On the contrary, I did not experience that, but I speak and answer.
Early Church Fathers on Job 27 →
Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book XVIII c. 540–604
God forbid that I should justify you; till I die, I will not depart from mine innocency. For he would 'depart from his innocency,' if he reckoned good things of bad persons;
Early Church Fathers on Job 27 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 27:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

God forbid that I should justify you,.... Not but that he counted them righteous and good men God-ward; he did not take upon him to judge their state, and to justify or condemn them with respect to

Read John Gill on Job 27 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

God forbid that I should justify you: till I die I will not remove mine integrity from me. Justify you - approve of your views. Mine integrity - which you deny, on account of my misfortunes.

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 27 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

That I should justify you, i.e. your opinion and censure concerning me, as one convicted to be impious or hypocritical, by God’ s unusual and severe dealing with me. I will not remove, to wit, declaratively, as real words are frequently understood; or by renouncing or denying my integrity, of which God and my own conscience bear me witness. I will not, to gratify you, say that I am a hypocrite, which I know to be false.

Read Matthew Poole on Job 27 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 27:5 God forbid that I should justify you: till I die I will not remove mine integrity from me.Ver. 5. God forbid that I should justify you] sc. By saying as you say; viz. that I am a hypocrite, and secretly guilty of some foul practices, for which I thus grievously suffer. I know nothing of this nature by myself, God forbid, Absit, res profana sit mihi. The Hebrew word signifies a profanation, or profane thing. It was the same they used when they rent their clothes at blasphemy. Till I die, I will not remove mine integrity] My perfection, some render it; and so God accounteth it, when the bent, frame, and tendencies of the heart are for him; though the man’ s wants be many and great.…

Read John Trapp on Job 27 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(5) God forbid that I should justify you.—To admit the wickedness with which his friends charged him would have been to justify them—to say that they were right and he was wrong. This he resolves not to do.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 27 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 5. God forbid] חלילה לי chalilah lli, far be it from me, that I should justify you - that I should now, by any kind of acknowledgment of wickedness or hypocrisy justify your harsh judgment. You say that God afflicts me for my crimes; I say, and God knows it is truth, that I have not sinned so as to draw down any such judgment upon me. Your judgment, therefore, is pronounced at your own risk.

Read AdamClarke on Job 27 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

5. should justify you] i. e. concede that you are in the right, viz. in charging me with evil. remove my integrity] i. e. give up my blamelessness—refrain from asserting my innocence.

Read Cambridge on Job 27 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

God forbid - לי חלילה châlı̂ylâh lı̂y. “Far be it from me.” Literally, “Profane be it to me;” that is, I should regard it as unholy and profane; I cannot do it.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 27 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

I will never say that you are right; I will maintain my integrity until I die.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Far be it from me that I should justify you. Until I die I will not put away my integrity from me.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

I will never say that you are right; I will maintain my integrity until I die.

NETBNew English Translation2006

I will never declare that you three are in the right; until I die, I will not set aside my integrity!

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

God forbid that I should justify you: till I die I will not remove mine integrity from me.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Far be it from me that I should justify you: Till I die I will not put away mine integrity from me.

RVARevised Version, American1894

God forbid that I should justify you: till I die I will not put away mine integrity from me.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Far be it from me that I should justify you: till I die I will not remove my integrity from me.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

God forbid, that I should iustifie you: vntill I dye, I will neuer take away mine innocencie from my selfe.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Be it far from me that I should justify you; till I die I will not remove my blamelessness from me.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Pollution to me — if I justify you, Till I expire I turn not aside mine integrity from me.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Defilement to me—if I justify you, || Until I expire I do not turn aside my integrity from me.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Far be it from me that I should justify you; till I depart hence will I not allow [any one] to take my integrity away from me.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

I will never admit that you three are right; until I die I will never deny my integrity.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

God forbid that I should judge you to be just: till I die I will not depart from my innocence.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

I will never agree that you are right; I will insist on my innocence until the day I die.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Let it be far from me! I will certainly not say that you are right! I will come to death before I give up my righteousness.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseijp · predicateחָלִ֣ילָfarהbe.itprepositional phrase · prepositionalלִּtoי֮meclauseאִםifclauseverbאַצְדִּ֪יקI.will.declare.rightnoun phrase · objectאֶ֫תְכֶ֥םyouclauseclauseעַדuntilclauseverbאֶגְוָ֑עI.will.expireclauseadverbialלֹאnotverbאָסִ֖ירI.will.put.asidenoun phrase · objectתֻּמָּתִ֣integrityיmyprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִמֶּֽfromנִּיme

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with the Septuagint providing a word-by-word correspondence that reflects Job's strong assertion of integrity. However, the Septuagint's word order and articles differ from the Hebrew text.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

חָלִ֣ילָה לִּי֮ אִם־ אַצְדִּ֪יק אֶ֫תְכֶ֥ם עַד־ אֶגְוָ֑ע לֹא־ אָסִ֖יר תֻּמָּתִ֣י מִמֶּֽנִּי׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
לִּי֮μήאִם־μοιאַצְדִּ֪יקεἴηאֶ֫תְכֶ֥םδικαίουςעַד־ὑμᾶςאֶגְוָ֑עἕωςלֹא־ἀποθάνωאָסִ֖ירοὐתֻּמָּתִ֣יἀπαλλάχωמִמֶּֽנִּי׃μου

10 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 27:5חָלִ֫ילָהfar be itfar be itחָלִ֫ילָהנִיto meto meנִיאִםififאִםצָדֵקI will declI will declare צָדֵקאֵתthe object the object markאֵתעַדuntiluntilעַדגָּוַעI will expiI will expireגָּוַעלֹאnotnotלֹאסוּרI will put I will put asidסוּרתֻּמָּהintegrity mintegrity myתֻּמָּהמִן־from mefrom meמִן־חָלַלto boreto boreחָלַלאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתעַדperpetuityperpetuityעַדתֹּםintegrityintegrityתֹּםמֵןstringstringמֵןעוֹדstillstillעוֹדכָּבֵדto honor: to honor: honouכָּבֵדזֶהthisthisזֶהחֵןfavorfavorחֵןיֵשׁtherethereיֵשׁרָשַׁעbe wickedbe wickedרָשַׁעצַדִּיקrighteousrighteousצַדִּיקמִגְרָשׁpasturepastureמִגְרָשׁמָתַיhowhowמָתַיעֶ֫רֶבeveningeveningעֶ֫רֶבלוּififלוּיָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלשְׂמֹאלleftleftשְׂמֹאל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 27:5

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
חָלִ֣ילָהcha.Li.lah far be it H2486 Particle
21× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to forbid or express strong disapproval, like saying 'God forbid' in shock or disgust, as seen in the Bible when someone wants to express a strong negative reaction.
Tyndale gloss
forbid
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָלִ֫ילָה (chaliylah) is an interjection meaning 'far be it' or 'God forbid.' It expresses a strong rejection or prohibition, often used to emphasize the seriousness of a statement. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to profane' and is noted in various contexts within the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חָלִ֫ילָה subst. used as exclam. lit. ad profanum! i.e. far be it

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2486 חָלִ֫ילָה used as exclam. lit. ad profanum! i.e. far be it

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2486 chaliylah khaw-lee'-law

or chalilah {khaw-lee'-law}; a directive from 2490; literal

for a profaned thing; used (interj.) far be it!:--be far, (X

God) forbid.

see HEBREW for 02490

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָלִ֫ילָה (cha.li.lah) — forbid.

far be it (from me), God forbid that, let it not be

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part | Suff — Particle
HTj
far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
לִּי֮li to me H9030 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נִי (ni) — me.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp1bs — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp1bs
far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
אִם־'im- if H518 Particle
1,070× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is used to express conditions or questions, like if or whether. It can also be used to make oaths or express wishes, as in Oh that! It appears in various forms in the KJV, including if, though, and when.
Tyndale gloss
if
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אִם (im) is a Hebrew conjunction primarily meaning 'if' and is used in various contexts, including conditional clauses and interrogative situations. It can also express negation, alternatives, or exceptions, and appears frequently in the Old Testament. The lexicons note its use in oaths and its ability to connect different clauses, sometimes altering their meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אִם conj.

hypoth. part. if

Interrog. part.

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H518a אִם conj. . hypoth. part. if

. Interrog. part.

H518b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

518 'im eem

a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!;

interrog., whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh

that!, when; hence, as a negative, not:--(and, can-,

doubtless, if, that) (not), + but, either, + except, +

more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or,

+ save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, + surely (no more,

none, not), though, + of a truth, + unless, + verily, when,

whereas, whether, while, + yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אִם (im) — if.

: if/whether_or/though

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

[כִּי] אם (ki im) — if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

אִם (im) — if: surely no.

: surely_no

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: surely yes.

: surely_yes

1) if

1a) conditional clauses

1a1) of possible situations

1a2) of impossible situations

1b) oath contexts

1b1) no, not

1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or

1d) when, whenever

1e) since

1f) interrogative particle

1g) but rather

אִם (im) — if: until.

: until/except

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTc — Particle
HTc
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
אַצְדִּ֪יק'atz.Dik I will declare right H6663 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
41× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Refers to the act of making something right, either by justifying oneself or being declared righteous by God. It is used to describe God's justice and people's attempts to do what is right. This concept is key to understanding the Bible's teachings on sin and redemption.
Amplified meaning
far be it from me, God forbid, justify you, declare you righteous
Tyndale gloss
to justify
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צָדֵק (tsadaq) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be just or righteous, encompassing a range of actions from justifying oneself to declaring others righteous. It appears in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, Piel, Hiphil, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances of justification and righteousness. The entries highlight its moral and forensic implications, but do not present significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[צָדֵק, צָדֹק] vb. denom. be just, righteous

Qal

have a just cause, be in the right

be justified

be just

be just, righteous

Niph. the holy place shall be put right

Pi. justify

Hiph.

do justice

declare righteous, justify

justify, vindicate the cause of, save

make righteous, turn to righteousness

Hithp. how shall we justify ourselves

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6663 צָדֵק, צָדֹק vb. denom. be just, righteous

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6663 tsadaq tsaw-dak'

a primitive root; to be (causatively, make) right (in a moral

or forensic sense):--cleanse, clear self, (be, do)

just(-ice, -ify, -ify self), (be turn to) righteous(-ness).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צָדֵק (tsa.daq) — to justify.

1) to be just, be righteous

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to have a just cause, be in the right

1a2) to be justified

1a3) to be just (of God)

1a4) to be just, be righteous (in conduct and character)

1b) (Niphal) to be put or made right, be justified

1c) (Piel) justify, make to appear righteous, make someone righteous

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to do or bring justice (in administering law)

1d2) to declare righteous, justify

1d3) to justify, vindicate the cause of, save

1d4) to make righteous, turn to righteousness

1e) (Hithpael) to justify oneself

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
HVhi1cs
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

rit (yashar, mishpaT; dikaios, euthus): Many Hebrew words are translated "right," with different shades of meaning. Of these the two noted are the most important: yashar, with the sense of being straight, direct, as "right in the sight" of Yahweh (Ex 15:26; De 12:25, etc.), in one's own eyes (Jud 17:6), "right words" (Job 6:25 the King James Version, yosher), "right paths" (Pr 4:11 the King James Version); and mishpaT "judgment" "cause" etc., a forensic term, as "Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?" (Ge 18:25). In

far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
אֶ֫תְכֶ֥ם'et.Khem the object marker you H853 Particle · suffix
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTo/Sp2mp — Particle · suffix
HTo/Sp2mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
עַד־'ad- until H5704 Preposition
1,261× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means until or as far as, describing a point in time or space. It's used in the Bible to set boundaries or limits, like in Exodus when describing the Israelites' journey.
Amplified meaning
till, as long as
Tyndale gloss
till
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while

prep.

of space

Of time

Of degree

conj.

until

While

Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)

עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus

of space

Of time

Of degree

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space

. Of time

. Of degree

. conj. . until

. While

. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)

. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space

. Of time

. Of degree

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5704 `ad ad

properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or

conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,

or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,

while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,

at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),

(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,

till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.

see HEBREW for 05703

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַד (ad) — till.

prep

1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as

1a) of space

1a1) as far as, up to, even to

1b) in combination

1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)

1c) of time

1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end

1d) of degree

1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like

conj

2) until, while, to the point that, so that even

Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
אֶגְוָ֑ע'eg.Va' I will expire H1478 Verb · Qal · imperfect first person common singular
24× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to die or expire, like when Jesus gave up his spirit on the cross in Matthew 27:50. It implies a complete stop, like a final breath. It is used in the Bible to describe the end of life.
Amplified meaning
expire, give up my spirit
Tyndale gloss
to die
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גָּוַע (gava') is a primitive root meaning to breathe out, which implies dying or perishing. It covers various aspects of death, including to expire, give up the ghost, or be ready to die. The entries consistently emphasize its connection to death without any noted disagreements.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גָּוַע vb. expire, perish, die

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1478 גָּוַע expire, perish, die

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1478 gava` gaw-vah'

a primitive root; to breathe out, i.e. (by implication)

expire:--die, be dead, give up the ghost, perish.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גָּוַע (ga.va) — to die.

1) to expire, die, perish, give up the ghost, yield up the ghost, be dead, be ready to die

1a) (Qal) to expire, die, be about to die

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Qal · imperfect first person common singular
HVqi1cs
far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
לֹא־lo'- not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
insist on, hold to
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
אָסִ֖יר'a.Sir I will put aside H5493 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
300× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To turn aside or remove is the meaning of this verb, used in various forms throughout the Bible. It can mean to depart, avoid, or put something away, and is often used in the context of turning away from sin or wrongdoing, as seen in the actions of prophets and leaders in the Old Testament.
Tyndale gloss
to turn aside: remove
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

סוּר (sur) is a Hebrew verb meaning to turn aside or depart. It encompasses a range of actions including removal, avoidance, and coming to an end. The word can be used in various forms, such as causing something to turn aside or be taken away. It appears in contexts involving both literal and figurative departures.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

סוּר and [שׂוּר] 300 vb. turn aside

Qal

turn aside, out of one's course

depart

of lifeless things = be removed

= come to an end

Pô‛lēl he turned aside my ways (my steps)

Hiph.

cause to (turn aside,) depart, common word for remove, take away

rarer uses

Pô‛lēl be taken away, removed

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5493 סוּר, שׂוּר turn aside .. turn aside, out of one's course

. depart

. of lifeless things = be removed

. = come to an end

.he turned aside my ways (my steps)

. . cause to (turn aside,) depart, common word for remove, take away

. rarer uses

.be taken away, removed

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5493 cuwr soor

or suwr (Hosea 9:12) {soor}; a primitive root; to turn off

(literal or figurative):--be(-head), bring, call back,

decline, depart, eschew, get (you), go (aside), X grievous,

lay away (by), leave undone, be past, pluck away, put (away,

down), rebel, remove (to and fro), revolt, X be sour, take

(away, off), turn (aside, away, in), withdraw, be without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

סוּר (sur) — to turn aside: remove.

: remove

1) to turn aside, depart

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to turn aside, turn in unto

1a2) to depart, depart from way, avoid

1a3) to be removed

1a4) to come to an end

1b) (Polel) to turn aside

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to cause to turn aside, cause to depart, remove, take away, put away, depose

1c2) to put aside, leave undone, retract, reject, abolish

1d) (Hophal) to be taken away, be removed

סוּר (sur) — to turn aside: depart.

: depart

1) to turn aside, depart

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to turn aside, turn in unto

1a2) to depart, depart from way, avoid

1a3) to be removed

1a4) to come to an end

1b) (Polel) to turn aside

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to cause to turn aside, cause to depart, remove, take away, put away, depose

1c2) to put aside, leave undone, retract, reject, abolish

1d) (Hophal) to be taken away, be removed

סוּר (sur) — to turn aside: turn aside.

: turn_aside/deflect

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVhi1cs — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
HVhi1cs
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

a-sid': "Distinct from others," "privately," such is the sense of the word in 2Ki 4:4; Mr 7:33. Also "to withdraw" (Lu 9:10 the King James Version; Ac 23:19: hupochoreo, also anachoreo). One is said to have turned aside when he departs from the path of rectitude (Ps 14:3; Sirach 2:7; 1Ti 1:6). In a figurative sense it is used to express the thought of putting aside, to renounce, every hindrance or impediment to a consecrated earnest Christian life (Heb 12:1: apotithemi).

far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
תֻּמָּתִ֣יtu.ma.Ti integrity my H8538 Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
5× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word describes being innocent and having integrity, and is used to describe someone who is morally pure. In the Bible, it is used to describe God's desire for his people to live with integrity. It is often translated as 'integrity' in the KJV.
Amplified meaning
innocence, moral purity
Tyndale gloss
integrity
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

תֻּמָּה (tummah) is a feminine noun meaning 'innocence' or 'integrity.' It is derived from a related word, תָּמַם (tamam), and is noted as a late term in the Old Testament. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to integrity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[תֻּמָּה] n.f. integrity (late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8538 תֻּמָּה

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8538 tummah toom-maw'

feminine of 8537; innocence:--integrity.

see HEBREW for 08537

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

תֻּמָּה (tum.mah) — integrity.

integrity

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HNcfsc/Sp1bs
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
far be it to me if I will declare right the object marker you until I will expire not I will put aside integrity my from me
מִמֶּֽנִּי׃mi.Me.ni from me H4480 Preposition · suffix
1,189× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means a portion or part of something, and is often used to show the relationship between things, like from or out of something.
Tyndale gloss
from
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word מִן־ (*min*) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' indicating separation or origin. It covers various uses, including temporal references, comparisons, and causal relationships. Additionally, it can denote a portion when used as a noun מֵן (*men*). The entries highlight its versatility in expressing different nuances of separation and position.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מִן־, and מִ, before יְ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not

with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal

from, against

מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from

of position, off, on the side of, on

Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex

Partitively

Of time—

as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since

as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after

towards, to

(וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to

In comparisons, beyond, above

מן is prefixed to an infin.:

with causal force, from, on account of, through

after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.

with a temporal force, since, after

Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that

In compounds:

base

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4480a מִן־, מִ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not . with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal . from, against

. מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from

. of position, off, on the side of, on

. Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex

. Partitively

. Of time— . as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since

. as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after

. towards, to

. (וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to

. In comparisons, beyond, above

. מן is prefixed to an infin.: . with causal force, from, on account of, through

. after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.

. with a temporal force, since, after

. Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4480 min min

or minniy {min-nee'}; or minney (constructive plural)

{min-nay'}; (Isaiah 30:11); for 4482; properly, a part of;

hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses (as

follows):--above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason

of), from (among), in, X neither, X nor, (out) of, over,

since, X then, through, X whether, with.

see HEBREW for 04482

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מִן־ (min) — from.

prep

1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than

1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of

1b) out of

1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling)

1b2) (of material from which something is made)

1b3) (of source or origin)

1c) out of, some of, from (partitively)

1d) from, since, after (of time)

1e) than, more than (in comparison)

1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or

1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons)

1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive)

conj

2) that

Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)

מֵן (men) — portion.

n.m.

portion

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp1bs — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp1bs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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