Job 13:26 — Word Study
WLCכִּֽי־ תִכְתֹּ֣ב עָלַ֣י מְרֹר֑וֹת וְ֝תוֹרִישֵׁ֗נִי עֲוֹנ֥וֹת נְעוּרָֽי׃
BSAForkîy [because of this reason] You recordkâthab▸ [write down, inscribe] bitter accusationsmᵉrôrâh [very harsh, venomous, charges, complaints] against meʻal and bequeath to meyârash▸ [give, pass down] the iniquitiesʻâvôn [sins, moral evil] of my youthnâʻûwr [early years, young age]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| כִּֽי־ | for | Particle |
| תִכְתֹּ֣ב | you write | Verb, Qal, imperfect second person masculine singular |
| עָלַ֣י | on me | Preposition, suffix |
| מְרֹר֑וֹת | bitter things | N-fp |
| וְ֝תוֹרִישֵׁ֗נִי | and you cause to inherit me | Conjunction, verb hiphil second person masculine singular, suffix |
| עֲוֹנ֥וֹת | [the] iniquities of | Noun common, feminine plural construct |
| נְעוּרָֽי׃ | youth my | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | For You record bitter accusations against me and bequeath to me the iniquities of my youth. |
| KJV | For thou writest bitter things against me, and makest me to possess the iniquities of my youth. |
| ASV | For thou writest bitter things against me, And makest me to inherit the iniquities of my youth: |
| YLT | For Thou writest against me bitter things, And causest me to possess iniquities of my youth: |
| WEB | For you write bitter things against me, and make me inherit the iniquities of my youth. |
| BBE | For you put bitter things on record against me, and send punishment on me for the sins of my early years; |
Translations generally agree on the meaning of the key terms in this verse.
The sentence has a main clause followed by a conjunction that introduces a second action, indicating a relationship between the two actions.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbכָּתַב
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 13:26
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Lamentgenerated
Job 13:26 captures Job's deep sense of injustice as he feels God has inscribed harsh accusations against him. This verse is part of Job's broader complaint about his suffering and the perceived unfairness of his plight, highlighting his struggle to understand God's actions. Job's reflections on his youth suggest a longing for understanding and reconciliation with his past, as he questions the reasons behind his current suffering.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Job 3:20 | Why is light given to the miserable, and life to the bitter of soul, |
| 2 | Ruth 1:20 | “Do not call me Naomi, ” she replied. “Call me Mara, because the Almighty has dealt quite bitterly with me. |
| 3 | Psalm 88:3–18 | For my soul is full of troubles, and my life draws near to Sheol. |
| 4 | Job 20:11 | The youthful vigor that fills his bones will lie down with him in the dust. |
| 5 | Psalm 25:7 | Remember not the sins of my youth, nor my rebellious acts; remember me according to Your loving devotion, because of Your goodness, O LORD. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מְרֹר֑וֹת, me.ro.Rotgenerated
The word מְרֹר֑וֹת (*me.ro.Rot*) refers to 'bitter things' or 'gall.' It conveys a sense of extreme bitterness, often associated with emotional pain or toxic experiences. This word is derived from the root for bitterness and emphasizes the severity of the accusations Job feels are being recorded against him.
In this context, it underscores the weight of the charges against Job, suggesting that they are not just trivial complaints but deeply painful and harsh judgments that affect his very being.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
Translations generally agree on the meaning of מְרֹר֑וֹת, consistently rendering it as 'bitter accusations' or 'bitter things.'
Where they part company is in the interpretation of the phrase 'and bequeath to me the iniquities of my youth' — some versions emphasize the act of inheritance, while others focus on the implications of past sins.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb תִכְתֹּ֣ב (*tikh.To*) governs the sentence, indicating what God does: 'You write.' This verb is followed by a direct object מְרֹר֑וֹת (*me.ro.Rot*), which specifies what is being written.
The structure also includes a conjunction וְ (*ve*) leading into another verb תוֹרִישֵׁ֗נִי (*ve.to.ri.She.ni*), creating a compound action that Job attributes to God, emphasizing the dual nature of his grievances.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates תִכְתֹּ֣ב as κατέγραψας (*katégraphas*), which means 'you have recorded.' This choice suggests a more formal recording of charges, highlighting the permanence of what is inscribed.
The translation of מְרֹר֑וֹת as κακά (*kaká*) implies a focus on the evil nature of the accusations, reinforcing Job's sense of injustice.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 13:26 shows Job feeling overwhelmed by the harsh accusations he believes God has recorded against him. He also feels burdened by the sins of his youth, suggesting a deep sense of guilt and a desire for understanding in his suffering.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Job refers to the harsh judgments and criticisms he feels are being inscribed against him by God.
He reflects on his past mistakes and sins, feeling they contribute to his current suffering.
Job feels that God is unjustly recording his sins and holding them against him, leading to his anguish.
Job's expression of pain highlights the human struggle with guilt, suffering, and the quest for understanding in the face of adversity.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How do I process feelings of guilt from my past mistakes?
- In what ways can I seek understanding during difficult times?
- How can I support others who feel burdened by their past?
- What does this verse teach me about God's perception of my struggles?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentary on Job's lament emphasizes the permanence of God's judgments, as seen in the writings of Gregory the Dialogist.
For Thou writest bitter things against me. For seeing that every thing we speak passes away, but what we write remains, God is said not to 'speak,' but to 'write bitter things,' in that His scourges upon us last for long.Early Church Fathers on Job 13 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 13:26 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleFor thou writest bitter things against me,.... Meaning not sins and rebellions, taken notice of by him, when his good deeds were omitted, as Jarchi; sin is indeed an evil and a bitter thing in its
Read John Gill on Job 13 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryFor thou writest bitter things against me, and makest me to possess the iniquities of my youth. Writest - a judicial phrase, to note down the determined punishment.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 13 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThou writest, i.e. thou appointest or inflictest. A metaphor from princes or judges, who anciently used to write their sentence or decrees concerning persons or causes brought before them. See . Bitter things, i.e. a terrible sentence, or most grievous punishments. Makest me to possess the iniquities of my youth; thou dost now at once bring upon me the punishment of all my sins, not excepting those of my youth, which because of the folly and weakness of that age are usually excused or winked at, or at least but gently punished.
Read Matthew Poole on Job 13 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 13:26 For thou writest bitter things against me, and makest me to possess the iniquities of my youth.Ver. 26. For thou writest bitter things against me] As it were by a judicial rescript thou decreest my doom; and accordingly thou inflictest hard and heavy things upon me, as is most elegantly described in the following verses by metaphor fetched from the course of courts, Humanitus dictum ex usu forensi (Jun.). Sin is an evil and a bitter thing, Jeremiah 2:19 Hebrews 12:15 Acts 8:23; and hath bitter effects, Rth 1:20 Exodus 1:14. This made that holy man, Mr Paul Baine, say, The sweet ways of my youth did breed such worms in my soul, as that my heavenly Father will have me yet a little…
Read John Trapp on Job 13 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(26) For thou writest bitter things against me.—Exquisitely plaintive and affecting is this confession.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 13 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 26. Thou writest bitter things against me] The indictment is filled with bitter or grievous charges, which, if proved, would bring me to bitter punishment. The iniquities of my youth] The levities and indiscretions of my youth I acknowledge; but is this a ground on which to form charges against a man the integrity of whose life is unimpeachable?
Read AdamClarke on Job 13 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges26. for thou writest] Or, that thou writest. To “write” is to prescribe, or ordain, Isaiah 10:1; Hosea 8:12. makest me to possess] Or, inherit. Job acknowledges sins of his youth, not of his riper manhood, and he conceives that his present afflictions may be for his former sins, which in his past fellowship with God he had deemed long forgiven. It is not to be supposed that he looks back on gross youthful sins, but on such as youth is not free from, and as he feared in his own children, ch. Job 1:5. Cf. the prayer of the Psalmist, Psalms 25:7.
Read Cambridge on Job 13 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleFor thou writest bitter things against me - Charges or accusations of severity. We use the word “bitter” now in a somewhat similar sense. We speak of bitter sorrow, bitter cold, etc.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 13 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
For You record bitter accusations against me and bequeath to me the iniquities of my youth.
For you write bitter things against me, and make me inherit the iniquities of my youth.
For You record bitter accusations against me and bequeath to me the iniquities of my youth.
For you write down bitter things against me and cause me to inherit the sins of my youth.
Tyndale line
For thou writest bitter things against me, and makest me to possess the iniquities of my youth.
For thou writest bitter things against me, And makest me to inherit the iniquities of my youth:
For thou writest bitter things against me, and makest me to inherit the iniquities of my youth:
For thou writest bitter things against me, and makest me to possess the iniquities of my youth.
For thou writest bitter things against me, and makest me to possesse the iniquities of my youth.
Strictly literal
For thou writest bitter things against me, and makest me to possess the iniquities of my youth;
For Thou writest against me bitter things, And causest me to possess iniquities of my youth:
For You write bitter things against me, || And cause me to possess iniquities of my youth,
That thou writest bitter decrees against me, and assignest unto me the iniquities of my youth;
For you write down bitter things against me; you make me inherit the iniquities of my youth.
From the Latin
For thou writest bitter things against me, and wilt consume me for the sins of my youth.
Simplified
For you write down bitter things against me and pay me back for the sins of my youth.
For you put bitter things on record against me, and send punishment on me for the sins of my early years;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint align closely, with six out of seven words matching. The Dead Sea Scrolls, however, show some variation, with two words intact and five supplied by an editor, indicating a partial preservation of the text.
כִּֽי־ תִכְתֹּ֣ב עָלַ֣י מְרֹר֑וֹת וְ֝תוֹרִישֵׁ֗נִי עֲוֹנ֥וֹת נְעוּרָֽי׃
6 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[כי] [תכתב] [על׳י] [מררות] [ותרש׳ני] עונת נער׳י
2 words on the leather — 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 13:26
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj — ParticleHTc
for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.
In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…
The Hebrew word כָּתַב (*kathab*) means 'to write' and encompasses various forms of writing, including recording, enrolling, and decreeing. It can also refer to something being written or recorded. The entries indicate that it is a primitive root with frequent usage in different contexts.
כָּתַב 223 vb. write
Qal
write
= write down, describe in writing
= register, enroll
= decree
Niph.
be written
= be written down, recorded
Pi. frequent.
base
H3789 כָּתַב write .. write
. = write down, describe in writing
. = register, enroll
. = decree
. . be written
. = be written down, recorded
. frequent.
3789 kathab kaw-thab'
a primitive root; to grave, by implication, to write
(describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe):--describe, record,
prescribe, subscribe, write(-ing, -ten).
כָּתַב (ka.tav) — to write.
1) to write, record, enrol
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to write, inscribe, engrave, write in, write on
1a2) to write down, describe in writing
1a3) to register, enrol, record
1a4) to decree
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be written
1b2) to be written down, be recorded, be enrolled
1c) (Piel) to continue writing
Aramaic equivalent: ke.tav (כְּתַב "to write" H3790)
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singularHVqi2ms
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp1bs
מְרֹרָה (mrorah) refers to a bitter substance, including gall and poison. It is derived from the root word for bitterness and can denote bile or venom, particularly from a serpent. The entries consistently emphasize its association with bitterness and toxic substances.
[מְרֹרָה] n.f. bitter thing, gall, poison
base
H4846 [מְרֹרָה] bitter thing, gall, poison
4846 mrorah mer-o-raw'
or mrowrah {mer-o-raw'}; from 4843; properly, bitterness;
concretely, a bitter thing; specifically bile; also venom (of
a serpent):--bitter (thing), gall.
see HEBREW for 04843
מְרֹרָה (me.ro.rah) — gall.
1) bitter thing, gall, poison
1a) gall, gall-bladder (seat of gall)
1b) poison, venom
1c) bitter thing
1d) bitterness
N-fp — N-fpHAafpa
The Hebrew word יָרַשׁ (*yarash*) is a verb meaning to take possession, inherit, or dispossess. It encompasses a range of actions from seizing and occupying land to impoverishing or ruining others. The entries indicate various forms of the verb, including Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, which express different nuances of possession and dispossession.
יָרַשׁ 229 vb. take possession of, inherit, dispossess
Qal
take possession of, esp. bu force, have as a possession, often with collat. idea of taking in place of others, succeeding to, inheriting
inherit, sq. acc. pers. = be one's heir
= impoverish
Niph. be (dispossessed =) impoverished, come to poverty
Pi. the fruit of thy ground shall the cricket get full possession
Hiph.
cause to possess or inherit
cause (others) to possess or inherit, then gen. dispossess
= impoverish
nearly = bring to ruin, destroy
take possession of a land
base
H3423 יָרַשׁ take possession of, inherit, dispossess .. take possession of, esp. bu force, have as a possession, often with collat. idea of taking in place of others, succeeding to, inheriting
. inherit, sq. acc. pers. = be one's heir
. = impoverish
. be (dispossessed =) impoverished, come to poverty
. the fruit of thy ground shall the cricket get full possession
. . cause to possess or inherit
. cause (others) to possess or inherit, then gen. dispossess
. = impoverish
. nearly = bring to ruin, destroy
. take possession of a land
3423 yarash yaw-rash'
or yaresh {yaw-raysh'}; a primitive root; to occupy (by
driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place);
by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel,
to impoverish, to ruin:--cast out, consume, destroy,
disinherit, dispossess, drive(-ing) out, enjoy, expel, X
without fail, (give to, leave for) inherit(-ance, -or) +
magistrate, be (make) poor, come to poverty, (give to, make
to) possess, get (have) in (take) possession, seize upon,
succeed, X utterly.
יָרַשׁ (ya.rash) — to possess: possess.
: possess/inherit
1) to seize, dispossess, take possession off, inherit, disinherit, occupy, impoverish, be an heir
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to take possession of
1a2) to inherit
1a3) to impoverish, come to poverty, be poor
1b) (Niphal) to be dispossessed, be impoverished, come to poverty
1c) (Piel) to devour
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to possess or inherit
1d2) to cause others to possess or inherit
1d3) to impoverish
1d4) to dispossess
1d5) to destroy, bring to ruin, disinherit
יָרַשׁ (ya.rash) — to possess: take.
: take/conquer/drive_out
1) to seize, dispossess, take possession off, inherit, disinherit, occupy, impoverish, be an heir
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to take possession of
1a2) to inherit
1a3) to impoverish, come to poverty, be poor
1b) (Niphal) to be dispossessed, be impoverished, come to poverty
1c) (Piel) to devour
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to possess or inherit
Conj | V-Hiphil-Imperf-2ms | Suff — Conjunction · verb hiphil second person masculine singular · suffixHC/Vhu2ms/Sp1bs
עָוֹן (avon) refers to iniquity, guilt, or the punishment associated with iniquity. It encompasses concepts of moral evil, such as perversity and depravity, and includes the consequences or punishment for these actions. The term appears in contexts like 2 Kings 7:9 and Psalm 51:5, highlighting its significance in discussions of sin and guilt.
עָוֹן n.m. iniquity, guilt, or punishment of iniquity
base
H5771 עָוֹן iniquity, guilt, or punishment of iniquity
5771 `avon aw-vone'
or oavown (2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:5 (7)) {aw-vone'}; from
5753; perversity, i.e. (moral) evil:--fault, iniquity,
mischeif, punishment (of iniquity), sin.
see HEBREW for 07
see HEBREW for 05753
עָוֺן (a.van) — iniquity: crime.
: crime
1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity
1a) iniquity
1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)
1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity
עָוֺן (a.van) — iniquity: guilt.
: guilt
1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity
1a) iniquity
1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)
1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity
עָוֺן (a.van) — iniquity: punishment.
: punishment
1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity
1a) iniquity
1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)
1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity
N-cp — Noun common · feminine plural constructHNcfpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
נְעוּרִים (na`uwr) refers to youth or early life, encompassing both the state of juvenility and young people collectively. It appears in the plural form and has a feminine counterpart, נְעוּרוֹת (na`ur), which carries the same meaning. The term is notably used in Jeremiah 32:30.
נְעוּרִים n.[m.]pl. youth, early life
base
[נְעוּרוֹת] n.[f.]pl. id. [n.ei.ae];—only Je 32:30 (fig. of nation).
ref
H5271a נְעוּרִים youth, early life H5271b נְעוּרוֹת id. [5271a]
5271 na`uwr naw-oor'
or naur {naw-oor'}; and (feminine) nturah {neh- oo-raw'};
properly, passive participle from 5288 as denominative; (only
in plural collectively or emphatic form) youth, the state
(juvenility) or the persons (young people):--childhood,
youth.
see HEBREW for 05288
נְעוּרִים (na.ur) — youth.
youth, early life
Also means: na.ur (נְעוּרוֹת "youth" H5271B)
נְעוּרוֹת (na.ur) — youth.
youth, early life
Another spelling of na.ur (נְעוּרִים "youth" H5271A)
N-cp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp1bs