Jeremiah 5:27 — Word Study
WLCכִּכְלוּב֙ מָ֣לֵא ע֔וֹף כֵּ֥ן בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם מְלֵאִ֣ים מִרְמָ֑ה עַל־ כֵּ֥ן גָּדְל֖וּ וַֽיַּעֲשִֽׁירוּ׃
BSALike cageskᵉlûwb [as a fowl-house] full ofmâlêʼ birdsʻôwph [flying creatures, winged beings] sokên their housesbayith [dwelling places, homes] are full ofmâlêʼ [completely filled, having no empty space] deceitmirmâh [trickery, cheating] Thereforeʻal they have become powerfulgâdal■ [grown, increased in power, great, magnified] and richʻâshar▸ [wealthy, enriched, with abundant possessions]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| כִּכְלוּב֙ | like a cage | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| מָ֣לֵא | full | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| ע֔וֹף | bird[s] | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| כֵּ֥ן | so | Adverb |
| בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם | houses their | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| מְלֵאִ֣ים | [are] full | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine plural |
| מִרְמָ֑ה | deceit | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| עַל־ | there- | Preposition |
| כֵּ֥ן | -fore | Adverb |
| גָּדְל֖וּ | they have become great | Verb, Qal, perfect third person common plural |
| וַֽיַּעֲשִֽׁירוּ׃ | and they have gained riches | Verb, Hiphil, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Like cages full of birds, so their houses are full of deceit. Therefore they have become powerful and rich. |
| KJV | As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxen rich. |
| ASV | As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxed rich. |
| YLT | As a cage full of fowls, So their houses are full of deceit, Therefore they have been great, and are rich. |
| WEB | As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit. Therefore they have become great, and grew rich. |
| BBE | As the fowl-house is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: for this reason they have become great and have got wealth. |
All translations agree on the meaning of מִרְמָה as deceit.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by a consequence, illustrating the cause-and-effect relationship between deceit and their resulting power.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbמָלֵא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Jeremiah 5:27
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Corruption of Judahgenerated
Jeremiah 5:27 illustrates the moral state of Judah, where the people, like birds trapped in cages, are ensnared by deceit. This passage highlights the consequences of their actions, as they become powerful and rich through dishonest means, neglecting justice and the needs of the vulnerable. The surrounding verses depict a society that has strayed from righteousness, prompting God's call for accountability.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Revelation 18:2 | And he cried out in a mighty voice: “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great! She has become a lair for demons and a haunt for every unclean spirit, every unclean bird, and every detestable beast. |
| 2 | Proverbs 1:11–13 | If they say, “Come along, let us lie in wait for blood, let us ambush the innocent without cause, |
| 3 | Hosea 12:7–8 | A merchant loves to defraud with dishonest scales in his hands. |
| 4 | Amos 8:4–6 | Hear this, you who trample the needy, who do away with the poor of the land, |
| 5 | Micah 1:12 | For the dwellers of Maroth pined for good, but calamity came down from the LORD, even to the gate of Jerusalem. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מִרְמָה, mir.Mahgenerated
The Hebrew word מִרְמָה (mir.Mah) refers to deceit or trickery. It is derived from a root meaning to deceive and encompasses concepts such as fraud and guile. In this verse, it describes the pervasive dishonesty within the houses of the people, emphasizing their moral corruption.
As a feminine singular noun, it indicates a specific instance of deceit, linking the concept directly to the actions of the people. The use of this word in the context of the verse underscores the gravity of their situation, as their wealth and power are built on a foundation of dishonesty.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb גָּדְל֖וּ (they have become great) governs the main clause, while the phrases that follow describe the state of their houses and the nature of their deceit. The structure emphasizes the relationship between their deceitful actions and their resulting power and wealth.
The sentence is constructed with a series of phrases that elaborate on the main idea, creating a complex image of moral decay. The use of comparisons, such as כִּכְלוּב֙ (like cages), adds depth to the description of their situation.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew מִרְמָה is rendered as δόλου (deceit), which carries a similar meaning. This choice reflects the translators' understanding of the moral implications of deceit, aligning closely with the Hebrew context.
The Greek term emphasizes the treachery inherent in the actions of the people, reinforcing the idea that their wealth is tainted by dishonesty.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Jeremiah 5:27 compares the deceitful nature of the people to cages full of birds, indicating that their homes are filled with trickery. As a result, they have become powerful and wealthy, but this wealth is built on dishonesty.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means that the people are living in a state of dishonesty and trickery, which affects their relationships and society.
Deceit can lead to manipulation and exploitation, allowing individuals to gain power and riches at the expense of others.
This comparison illustrates how the people are trapped by their own dishonesty, much like birds trapped in cages.
The verse warns that while deceit may lead to temporary power and wealth, it ultimately results in moral corruption and accountability before God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I seen deceit affect relationships in my life?
- How can I guard against being influenced by deceitful practices in my own actions?
- What steps can I take to promote honesty and integrity in my community?
- How does this verse challenge my understanding of success and wealth?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Jerome comments on this passage, noting the moral implications of the people's deceit and their resulting condition.
Therefore they have been magnified and enriched: they have become fat and grown thick, and have passed over my words wickedly: they have not judged the cause, the cause of the orphan,Early Church Fathers on Jeremiah 5 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Jeremiah 5:27 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAs a cage is full of birds,.... Jarchi and Kimchi understand it of a place in which fowls, are brought up and fattened, what we call a "pen"; and, so the Targum renders it, a house or place of fattening.
Read John Gill on Jeremiah 5 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAs a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxen rich. Full of deceit - full of treasures gotten by deceit.
Read Robert Jamieson on Jeremiah 5 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAs a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit, i.e. they fill up their houses with the goods and wealth of those that they deceive and overreach; ill-gotten goods; a metonymy of the efficient; as the fowler carries his cage along with him, wherein he puts the birds which he catcheth, to keep safe that they get not away, when once they are caught, as also by their appearance and singing to entice others. Therefore they are become great, and waxen rich; showing how and in what manner they got their riches, therefore, or by this means; such as are gotten by a lying tongue, , called the treasures of wickedness, .
Read Matthew Poole on Jeremiah 5 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJeremiah 5:27 As a cage is full of birds, so [are] their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxen rich.Ver. 27. As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit,] i.e., Of ill-gotten goods, which will prove no such catch in the close, as they count upon.
Read John Trapp on Jeremiah 5 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(27) A cage.—The large wicker basket (Amos 8:1-2) in which the fowler kept the birds he had caught, or, possibly, used for decoy-birds.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Jeremiah 5 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 27. As a cage is full of birds] There is no doubt that the reference here is to a decoy or trap-cage, as Dr. Blayney has rendered it; in these the fowlers put several tame birds, which when the wild ones see, they come and light on the cage, and fall into the snare.
Read AdamClarke on Jeremiah 5 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges27. cage] The Hebrew word occurs elsewhere only in Amos (Jeremiah 8:1), “a basket of summer fruit.” Here, however, Cheyne (Pulpit Comm., ad loc.), quoting Hitzig, thinks that “the cage was at the same time a trap.” He quotes Sir 11:30 (see note in C.B.), “As a decoy partridge in a cage,” where the Greek word used is that with which LXX render “baskets” in Jeremiah 6:9. deceit] riches won by craft, as birds by the fowler.
Read Cambridge on Jeremiah 5 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible26-28. Wicked men — The fact of their rebellion, as well as its extent and bitter fruits, is set forth in the prevalent corruption.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Jeremiah 5 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Like cages full of birds, so their houses are full of deceit. Therefore they have become powerful and rich.
As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit. Therefore they have become great, and grew rich.
Like cages full of birds, so their houses are full of deceit. Therefore they have become powerful and rich.
Like a cage filled with the birds that have been caught, their houses are filled with the gains of their fraud and deceit. That is how they have gotten so rich and powerful.
Tyndale line
As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxen rich.
As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxed rich.
As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxen rich.
As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they have become great, and have grown rich.
As a cage is full of birdes, so are their houses full of deceite: thereby they are become great and waxen riche.
Strictly literal
As a cage full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and have enriched themselves.
As a cage full of fowls, So their houses are full of deceit, Therefore they have been great, and are rich.
As a cage full of birds, || So their houses are full of deceit, || Therefore they have been great, and are rich.
As a coop is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore are they become great, and grown rich.
Like a cage full of birds, their houses are full of deceit. So they grow large and become rich.
From the Latin
As a net is full of birds, so their houses are full of deceit: therefore are they become great and enriched.
Simplified
Their homes are full of their ill-gotten gains, like cages full of birds. That's why they've become powerful and rich.
As the fowl-house is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: for this reason they have become great and have got wealth.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording for Jeremiah 5:27, with 10 of the 11 words matching. This indicates a strong consistency in the transmission of this verse across different textual traditions.
כִּכְלוּב֙ מָ֣לֵא ע֔וֹף כֵּ֥ן בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם מְלֵאִ֣ים מִרְמָ֑ה עַל־ כֵּ֥ן גָּדְל֖וּ וַֽיַּעֲשִֽׁירוּ׃
10 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Jeremiah 5:27
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
כְּלוּב (klub) refers to a bird-trap or a basket, often resembling a wicker cage. The term is derived from a related word and is used in contexts that imply containment or trapping, such as a dog cage. The entries consistently highlight its meanings without significant disagreement.
כְּלוּב n.m. basket, cage
base
H3619 כְּלוּב
3619 klub kel-oob'
from the same as 3611; a bird-trap (as furnished with a
clap-stick or treadle to spring it); hence, a basket (as
resembling a wicker cage):--basket, cage.
see HEBREW for 03611
כְּלוּב (ke.luv) — basket.
cage, basket, dog cage
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHR/Ncmsa
kaj (kelubh; phulake): The earliest known form of cage made to confine a bird, for the pleasure of its song or the beauty of its coloring, was a crude affair of willows or other pliable twigs. Later cages were made of pottery, and now they are mostly made of wire. References in the Bible make it very clear that people were accustomed to confine in cages such birds as they especially prized for pets, or to detain them for market purposes. James indicated that cages were common when he wrote (Jam 3:7): "For every kind of beasts and birds .... is tamed, and hath been tamed by mankind." In Job (Job 41:5) we find these lines "Wilt thou play with him as with a bird? Or wilt thou bind him for thy maidens?" The only way to play with a bird is to confine it so that it grows accustomed to you and thus loses fear. Jeremiah compared the civil…
The term so rendered in (Jeremiah 5:27) is more properly a trap in which decoy birds were placed. In (Revelation 18:2) the (Greek term means a prison.
מָלֵא (male') means 'full' and can refer to fullness in both literal and figurative senses. It encompasses concepts of filling and completeness, and can also be used adverbially. The word is derived from a root meaning to fill, and it appears in contexts related to abundance or multitude.
H4392 מָלֵא full
4392 male' maw-lay'
from 4390; full (literally or figuratively) or filling
(literally); also (concretely) fulness; adverbially,
fully:--X she that was with child, fill(-ed, -ed with),
full(-ly), multitude, as is worth.
see HEBREW for 04390
מָלֵא (ma.le) — full.
1) full, fulness, that which fills
1a) fully (adv)
Adj — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
עוֹף (owph) refers to flying creatures, including birds and insects. It is derived from the root meaning to cover with wings, emphasizing the aspect of flight. The term encompasses various types of fowl and winged insects, and it is noted in the Aramaic as well. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meaning.
עוֹף 70 n.m. coll. flying creatures, fowls, insects
fowl, birds
winged insects
base
H5775 עוֹף flying creatures, fowls, insects . fowl, birds
. winged insects
5775 `owph ofe
from 5774; a bird (as covered with feathers, or rather as
covering with wings), often collectively:--bird, that flieth,
flying, fowl.
see HEBREW for 05774
עוֹף (oph) — bird.
1) flying creatures, fowl, insects, birds
1a) fowl, birds
1b) winged insects
Aramaic equivalent: oph (עוֹף "bird" H5776)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
The Hebrew word כֵּן (*ken*) is built from the root meaning 'set upright.' It functions as an adjective meaning 'right,' 'veritable,' or 'honest,' and as an adverb meaning 'so,' 'therefore,' or 'thus.' It appears in various contexts, often indicating manner or relation, and is used in phrases like 'forasmuch as.'
כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest
right
veritable, true
pl. concr. honest (men)
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
כֵּן adv. so
base
H3651a כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest H3651b כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as H3651c כֵּן so
3651 ken kane
from 3559; properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as
adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction)
rightly or so (in various applications to manner, time and
relation; often with other particles):--+ after that
(this, -ward, -wards), as ... as, + (for-)asmuch as yet, + be
(for which) cause, + following, howbeit, in (the) like
(manner, -wise), X the more, right, (even) so, state,
straightway, such (thing), surely, + there (where)-fore, this,
thus, true, well, X you.
see HEBREW for 03559
כֵּן (ken) — right.
adv
adj
1) right, just, honest, true, veritable
1a) right, just, honest
1b) correct
1c) true, veritable
[כִּי עַל] כֵּן ([ki al] ken) — as.
adv
forasmuch as, since
כֵּן (ken) — so.
adv
1) so, therefore, thus
1a) thus, so
1b) just so
1c) therefore
1d) so...as (paired with adv)
1e) then
1f) forasmuch as (in phrase)
1g) (with prep)
1g1) therefore, this being so (specific)
1g2) hitherto
1g3) therefore, on this ground (general)
1g4) afterwards
1g5) in such case
Aramaic equivalent: ken (כֵּן "thus" H3652)
Part — AdverbHD
so (co', although the Hebrew might be pointed cewe'; Assyrian Sib'u; Septuagint Segor, Soa; Manetho, Seuechos; Latin Sevechus; Herodotus (ii. 137 ff), Sabakon): In all probability the "Sabaeo" of Herodotus, the Shabaka, who founded the Ethiopian dynasty, the XXVth of Egyptian kings. His date is given as 715-707 BC (Flinders Petrie, History of Egypt, III, 281 ff), but we may suppose that before his accession to the throne he was entitled to be designated king, as being actually regent. To this So, Hoshea, king of Israel, made an appeal for assistance to enable him to throw off the yoke of the Assyrian Shalmaneser IV (2Ki 17:3). But Hoshea's submission to So brought him no advantage, for Shalmaneser came up throughout all the land and laid siege to Samaria. Not long after the fall of Samaria, So ventured upon an eastern campaign, and…
So
(Nubian, Sabako), an Ethiopian king who brought Egypt under his sway. He was bribed by Hoshea to help him against the Assyrian monarch Shalmaneser (2 Kings 17:4). This was a return to the policy that had been successful in the reign of Jeroboam I.
"So, king of Egypt," is once mentioned in the Bible -- (2 Kings 17:4) So has been identified by different writers with the first and second kings of the Ethiopian twenty-fifth dynasty, called by Manetho, Sabakon (Shebek) and Sebichos (Shebetek).
King of Egypt, made an alliance with Hoshea king of Israel, and promised him assistance; but was unable to prevent Shalmaneser king of Assyria from taking Samaria and subverting the kingdom, B. C. 721, 2Ki 17:4. See PHARAOH.
So is believed to have been the Servetus or Sabaco II of secular history, the second king of the Ethiopian or twenty-fifth dynasty, and the predecessor of Trihakah. A singular fact has been brought to light by the recent explorations at Nineveh, corroborating the Scripture record the more forcibly, because unexpected and direct. The Bible shows that Egypt and Assyria, though remote, were often in conflict during the height of the Assyrian ruins power, and that So was at war with Shalmaneser. After war comes the treaty of peace; and as the Bible prepares us to suppose such treaties were made, the Assyrian ruins…
The Hebrew word בַּיִת (*bayith*) means 'house' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including dwelling, family, and place. It can refer to physical structures, such as homes and temples, as well as metaphorical uses like the body or household affairs. The word is built from the root related to 'between' and appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament.
בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between
base
בַּ֫יִת 2034 n.m. house
house
place
receptacle
of house as containing a family
household, family (592 t.)
house, including household affairs
lit. housewards, hence metaph. inwards
מִבַּיִת
adv. on the inside
prep. within
base
H1004a בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between H1004b בַּ֫יִת house
1004 bayith bah'-yith
probably from 1129 abbreviated; a house (in the greatest
variation of applications, especially family, etc.):--court,
daughter, door, + dungeon, family, + forth of, X great as
would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter)house(-hold),
inside(-ward), palace, place, + prison, + steward, + tablet,
temple, web, + within(-out).
see HEBREW for 01129
בֵּית (bet) — place.
nm
place, origin, between
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — house: home.
: home/temple/building
nm
1) house
1a) house, dwelling habitation
1b) shelter or abode of animals
1c) human bodies (fig.)
1d) of Sheol
1e) of abode of light and darkness
1f) of land of Ephraim
2) place
3) receptacle
4) home, house as containing a family
5) household, family
5a) those belonging to the same household
5b) family of descendants, descendants as organized body
6) household affairs
7) inwards (metaph.)
8) (TWOT) temple
adv
9) on the inside
prep
10) within
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(ashbea).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with ash.be.a (אַשְׁבֵּעַ "Ashbea" H0791)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth (Haggan).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with hag (גַּן "Haggan" H1588)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(togarmah).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3mp
מָלֵא (male') means 'full' and can refer to fullness in both literal and figurative senses. It encompasses concepts of filling and completeness, and can also be used adverbially. The word is derived from a root meaning to fill, and it appears in contexts related to abundance or multitude.
H4392 מָלֵא full
4392 male' maw-lay'
from 4390; full (literally or figuratively) or filling
(literally); also (concretely) fulness; adverbially,
fully:--X she that was with child, fill(-ed, -ed with),
full(-ly), multitude, as is worth.
see HEBREW for 04390
מָלֵא (ma.le) — full.
1) full, fulness, that which fills
1a) fully (adv)
Adj — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine pluralHVqrmpa
מִרְמָה (mirmah) refers to deceit or treachery. It is derived from the root word meaning to deceive and encompasses concepts like fraud, guile, and craftiness. The term appears in contexts that highlight dishonesty and trickery.
מִרְמָה n.f. deceit, treachery
base
H4820 מִרְמָה deceit, treachery
4820 mirmah meer-maw'
from 7411 in the sense of deceiving; fraud:--craft,
deceit(-ful, -fully), false, feigned, guile, subtilly,
treachery.
see HEBREW for 07411
מִרְמָה (mir.mah) — deceit.
deceit, treachery
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
de-set' (mirmah; (dolos)): The intentional misleading or beguiling of another; in Scripture represented as a companion of many other forms of wickedness, as cursing (Ps 10:7), hatred (Pr 26:24), theft, covetousness, adultery, murder (Mr 7:22; Ro 1:29). The Revised Version (British and American) introduces the word in Pr 14:25; 2Th 2:10; but in such passages as Ps 55:11; Pr 20:17; 26:26; 1Th 2:3, renders a…
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
The Hebrew word כֵּן (*ken*) is built from the root meaning 'set upright.' It functions as an adjective meaning 'right,' 'veritable,' or 'honest,' and as an adverb meaning 'so,' 'therefore,' or 'thus.' It appears in various contexts, often indicating manner or relation, and is used in phrases like 'forasmuch as.'
כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest
right
veritable, true
pl. concr. honest (men)
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
כֵּן adv. so
base
H3651a כֵּן adj. right, veritable, honest H3651b כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as H3651c כֵּן so
3651 ken kane
from 3559; properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as
adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction)
rightly or so (in various applications to manner, time and
relation; often with other particles):--+ after that
(this, -ward, -wards), as ... as, + (for-)asmuch as yet, + be
(for which) cause, + following, howbeit, in (the) like
(manner, -wise), X the more, right, (even) so, state,
straightway, such (thing), surely, + there (where)-fore, this,
thus, true, well, X you.
see HEBREW for 03559
כֵּן (ken) — right.
adv
adj
1) right, just, honest, true, veritable
1a) right, just, honest
1b) correct
1c) true, veritable
[כִּי עַל] כֵּן ([ki al] ken) — as.
adv
forasmuch as, since
כֵּן (ken) — so.
adv
1) so, therefore, thus
1a) thus, so
1b) just so
1c) therefore
1d) so...as (paired with adv)
1e) then
1f) forasmuch as (in phrase)
1g) (with prep)
1g1) therefore, this being so (specific)
1g2) hitherto
1g3) therefore, on this ground (general)
1g4) afterwards
1g5) in such case
Aramaic equivalent: ken (כֵּן "thus" H3652)
HD — AdverbHD
גָּדַל (gadal) is a Hebrew verb meaning to grow up or become great. It encompasses a range of meanings including to magnify, promote, and make powerful. The word has various forms, such as Qal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of growth and greatness. Notably, it can also imply self-magnification.
גָּדַל 115 vb. grow up, become great
Qal
grow up
become great
to be magnified
Pi.
cause to grow
make great, powerful
magnify
Pu. brought up
Hiph.
make great
magnify
do great things
Hithp. I will magnify myself
base
H1431 גָּדַל grow up, become great .. grow up
. become great
. to be magnified
. . cause to grow
. make great, powerful
. magnify
. brought up
. . make great
. magnify
. do great things
. I will magnify myself
1431 gadal gaw-dal'
a primitive root; properly, to twist (compare 1434), i.e. to
be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body,
mind, estate or honor, also in pride):--advance, boast, bring
up, exceed, excellent, be(-come, do, give, make, wax),
great(-er, come to...estate, + things), grow(up),increase,
lift up, magnify(-ifical), be much set by, nourish (up), pass,
promote, proudly (spoken), tower.
see HEBREW for 01434
גָּדַל (ga.dal) — to magnify.
1) to grow, become great or important, promote, make powerful, praise, magnify, do great things
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to grow up
1a2) to become great
1a3) to be magnified
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to cause to grow
1b2) to make great, powerful
1b3) to magnify
1c) (Pual) to be brought up
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to make great
1d2) to magnify
1d3) to do great things
1e) (Hithpael) to magnify oneself
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common pluralHVqp3cp
עָשַׁר (ashar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be or become rich. It encompasses various forms, including the Qal (to become rich), Hiphil (to make rich), and Hithpael (to enrich oneself). The term appears in contexts related to wealth accumulation, as noted in 1 Kings 22:48. The entries collectively emphasize the act of gaining or pretending to have riches.
[עָשַׁר] vb. be or become rich
Qal I have become rich
Hiph.
make rich
gain riches
Hithp. one enriching himself.
base
H6238 עָשַׁר be or become rich
6238 `ashar aw-shar'
a primitive root; properly, to accumulate; chiefly
(specifically) to grow (causatively, make) rich:--be(-come,
en-, make, make self, wax) rich, make (1 Kings 22:48 marg).
See 6240.
see HEBREW for 06240
עָשַׁר (a.shar) — to enrich.
1) to be or become rich or wealthy, enrich, pretend to be rich
1a) (Qal) to be or become rich
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to make rich
1b2) to gain riches
1c) (Hithpael) to enrich oneself, pretend to be rich
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Hiphil · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vhw3mp
rich'-ez, rich'-iz: Used to render the following Hebrew and Greek words:
(1) `Osher, which should, perhaps, be considered the most general word, as it is the most often used (Ge 31:16; Ec 4:8; Jer 9:23). It looks at riches simply as riches, without regard to any particular feature. Alongside this would go the Greek ploutos (Mt 13:22; Eph 2:7).
(2) Chocen (Pr 27:24; Jer 20:5), nekhacim and rekhush (Ge 36:7; Da…
→ General scriptures concerning De 6:10-12; 8:10-18; 31:20; 32:15; 1Sa 2:7; Ps 37:16; Pr 10:2,22; 11:4,28; 13:7,8; 14:24; 15:6,16,17; 16:8; 19:4; 21:6; 23:4,5; 27:23,24; 28:8,20,22; 30:8,9; Ec 5:9-20; 6:1,2; 7:11,12; 10:19; Isa 5:8; Jer 48:36; Ho 12:8; Mt 6:19-21; 13:22; 19:16-29; Mr 4:19; 10:17-25; Lu…