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Jeremiah 46:15 — Word Study

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WLCמַדּ֖וּעַ נִסְחַ֣ף אַבִּירֶ֑יךָ לֹ֣א עָמַ֔ד כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה הֲדָפֽוֹ׃

BSAWhymaddûwaʻ [for what reason] have your warriorsʼabbîyr [mighty, strong, valiant men] been laid lowçâchaph [swept away] They cannotlôʼ standʻâmad [remain upright] forkîy [because] the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah] has thrust them downHâdaph [pushed down, away, out]

Word
Listen & take awayJeremiah 46
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 15 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ha.da.Fo) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Jeremiah 46:15quick helps
In a sentenceThe verse questions why the warriors have fallen and states that they cannot stand because the LORD has pushed them down.
Who is speakingThe speaker addresses the warriors, questioning their strength and resilience.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prophecy concerning Egypt's defeat.
The hard wordנִסְחַ֣ף
Take awayThe mightiest have been brought low by divine action.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectיהוה verbסָחַף The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Jeremiah 46:15

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Prophecy Against Egyptgenerated

14“Announce it in Egypt, and proclaim it in Migdol; proclaim it in Memphis and Tahpanhes: ‘Take your positions and prepare yourself, for the sword devours those around you.’
15Why have your warriors been laid low? They cannot stand, for the LORD has thrust them down.
16They continue to stumble; indeed, they have fallen over one another. They say, ‘Get up! Let us return to our people and to the land of our birth, away from the sword of the oppressor.’
17There they will cry out: ‘Pharaoh king of Egypt was all noise; he has let the appointed time pass him by.’

Jeremiah 46:15 questions the downfall of Egypt's warriors, emphasizing their inability to stand against the LORD's power. This verse is part of a larger prophecy that warns of impending judgment and defeat, reflecting on the futility of relying on human strength in the face of divine will. The surrounding verses illustrate the chaos and despair that follow the warriors' defeat, reinforcing the theme of reliance on God rather than military might.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Jeremiah 46:5–21Why am I seeing this? They are terrified, they are retreating; their warriors are defeated, they flee in haste without looking back; terror is on every side!” declares the LORD.
2Judges 5:20–21From the heavens the stars fought; from their courses they fought against Sisera.
3Isaiah 66:15–16For behold, the LORD will come with fire— His chariots are like a whirlwind— to execute His anger with fury and His rebuke with flames of fire.
4Exodus 6:1But the LORD said to Moses, “Now you will see what I will do to Pharaoh, for because of My mighty hand he will let the people go; because of My strong hand he will drive them out of his land.”
5Deuteronomy 11:23then the LORD will drive out all these nations before you, and you will dispossess nations greater and stronger than you.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 9 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word מַדּוּעַ, ma.Du.a'generated

The word מַדּוּעַ (maddua) means 'why?' or 'for what reason?'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to know', indicating a quest for understanding. This particle serves to introduce inquiries into the reasons behind events, particularly in contexts of distress or confusion.

In this verse, it sets the tone for questioning the circumstances surrounding the warriors' defeat, inviting reflection on the reasons behind their downfall.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main finite verb is נִסְחַ֣ף, will he be prostrated, which governs the subject and the clauses that follow. The structure is straightforward, with the subject being the warriors and the subsequent clauses providing reasons for their downfall.

The verse opens with a question, emphasizing the inquiry into the warriors' condition, followed by the assertion of their inability to stand, culminating in the explanation of the LORD's action.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates מַדּוּעַ as τί (ti), meaning 'why?'. This choice aligns with the Hebrew intent of questioning the reason behind the warriors' defeat.

The Greek word ἔμεινεν is used for עָמַ֔ד, suggesting a similar emphasis on the inability to endure or remain steadfast, reflecting the same thematic concern.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Jeremiah 46:15 asks why the warriors of Egypt have fallen and cannot stand, explaining that it is because the LORD has pushed them down. This verse highlights the futility of relying on human strength against divine power.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the warriors have been laid low?

It signifies that they have been defeated and rendered powerless, unable to stand against their enemies.

Why is the LORD responsible for their downfall?

The verse attributes their defeat to divine intervention, emphasizing that it is the LORD who has pushed them down.

What is the significance of questioning their strength?

The question highlights the unexpected nature of their defeat, prompting reflection on the reasons behind their failure.

How does this verse relate to the overall message of Jeremiah?

It reflects the theme of judgment against nations that oppose God's will, showcasing the power of the LORD over human might.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What are some areas in my life where I might be relying on my own strength instead of God's?
  2. How can I recognize when I have been brought low and need to seek God's help?
  3. In what ways can I reflect on the reasons behind my struggles and failures?
  4. How does understanding God's sovereignty change my perspective on challenges?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Jeremiah 46:15 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Why are thy valiant [men] swept away?.... As with a mighty torrent, or a sweeping rain; so the word is used in Proverbs 28:3; to which the Chaldean army may be compared; which came with such

Read John Gill on Jeremiah 46 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Why are thy valiant men swept away? they stood not, because the LORD did drive them. Why are thy valiant men.

Read Robert Jamieson on Jeremiah 46 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The prophet first propoundeth a question, then returneth answer to himself. Egypt was full of valiant men, yet, saith the prophet, they shall be swept away, or broken down, as fruit or grass is beaten down with a violent storm of hail . How comes this to pass? (saith the prophet). He answereth himself; Because it was of God to destroy Egypt, who worketh, and none can let him; when he strikes, none can stand before him; none can stand up against him.

Read Matthew Poole on Jeremiah 46 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Jeremiah 46:15 Why are thy valiant [men] swept away? they stood not, because the LORD did drive them.Ver. 15. They stood not, because the Lord did drive them.] He struck a panic terror into them; and then no wonder that men flee at the noise of a shaken leaf.

Read John Trapp on Jeremiah 46 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(15) Why are thy valiant men swept away?—Better, Why is thy strong bull dragged away! The Hebrew verbs are in the singular, and the adjective is given in the same number both in the LXX. and Vulgate. The former gives the rendering “Why did Apis flee from thee, and thy chosen calf abode not” as if referring to the bull Apis as the representative of Osiris, the chief deity of Egypt; and this version receives some support from the use of the Hebrew words for “oxen,” “bulls,” “beasts,” in Isaiah 34:7 and Psalms 22:12; Psalms 68:30, and from the fact that the same word is used in Isaiah 1:24; Isaiah 49:26 as a Divine name “the mighty one of Israel.” So understood, the prophet’s words contemplate…

Read Charles John Ellicott on Jeremiah 46 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 15. They stood not, because the Lord did drive them.] The Lord panic-struck them, and drove them back.

Read AdamClarke on Jeremiah 46 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

15. Why … swept away?] The mg. is to be preferred. The adjective in the Hebrew is plural, while both the verb connected with it and the pronouns that follow are in the singular. Hence we conclude that the singular is right. But probably we should, with LXX, divide the Hebrew verb rendered “swept away” into two words, translating with them, “Why is Apis fled? Thy mighty one stood not, because, etc.” The sacred bull Apis worshipped at Memphis is called the mighty one (the word in MT. being often used of bulls), i.e. the deity of Egypt, ‘just as Jehovah is named the Mighty One of Jacob or of Israel in Genesis 49:24; Isaiah 1:24; Isaiah 49:26, etc. “The authority of the Egyptian-Jewish version…

Read Cambridge on Jeremiah 46 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Translate it: “Why is thy mighty one cast down? He stood not, because Yahweh thrust him down.” The “mighty one” is explained by the Septuagint to be the bull Apis.

Read Albert Barnes on Jeremiah 46 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Why have your warriors been laid low? They cannot stand, for the LORD has thrust them down.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Why are your strong ones swept away? They didn’t stand, because Yahweh pushed them.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Why have your warriors been laid low? They cannot stand, for the LORD has thrust them down.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Why will your soldiers be defeated? They will not stand because I, the Lord, will thrust them down.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Why are thy valiant men swept away? they stood not, because the LORD did drive them.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Why are thy strong ones swept away? they stood not, because Jehovah did drive them.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Why are thy strong ones swept away? they stood not, because the LORD did drive them.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Why are thy valiant men swept away? they stood not, because the LORD did drive them.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Why are thy valiant men put backe? they could not stand, because the Lord did driue them.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Why are thy valiants swept away? They stood not, for Jehovah did thrust them down.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Wherefore hath thy bull been swept away? He hath not stood, because Jehovah thrust him away.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Why has your bull been swept away? He has not stood, because YHWH thrust him away.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Why are thy valiant men swept away? not one hath stood, because the Lord did drive him off.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Why are your mighty ones face-down on the ground? They will not stand, because I, Yahweh, have pushed them to the ground.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Why are thy valiant men come to nothing? they stood not: because the Lord hath overthrown them.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Why did Apis, your bull-god, run away? He couldn't stand his ground because the Lord knocked him down.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Why has Apis, your strong one, gone in flight? he was not able to keep his place, because the Lord was forcing him down with strength.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseadverbialמַדּ֖וּעַwhy?verbנִסְחַ֣ףwill.he.be.prostratednoun phrase · subjectאַבִּירֶ֑יyour.mightyךָ[ones]clauseadverbialלֹ֣אnotverbעָמַ֔דhe.will.standכִּ֥י(dm)clausesubjectיְהוָ֖הYahwehverbהֲדָפֽheobjectוֹwill.drive.him.out

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text reads מַדּ֖וּעַ נִסְחַ֣ף אַבִּירֶ֑יךָ לֹ֣א עָמַ֔ד כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה הֲדָפֽוֹ׃, while the Septuagint matches 7 of the 8 words, indicating a strong agreement in the core message despite differences in word order.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

מַדּ֖וּעַ נִסְחַ֣ף אַבִּירֶ֑יךָ לֹ֣א עָמַ֔ד כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה הֲדָפֽוֹ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
מַדּ֖וּעַτίאַבִּירֶ֑יךָσουלֹ֣אοὐκעָמַ֔דἔμεινενכִּ֥יὅτιיְהוָ֖הκύριοςהֲדָפֽוֹ׃αὐτόν

7 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Jeremiah 46:15מַדּוּעַwhy?why?מַדּוּעַסָחַףwill he be will he be prosסָחַףאָבִּירmighty [onemighty [ones] yאָבִּירלֹאnotnotלֹאעָמַדhe will stahe will standעָמַדכִּיforforכִּייהוהYahwehYahwehיהוההָדַףhe will pushe will push hiהָדַףמָהwhat?what?מָההָיָהto beto beהָיָהאָבִירmightymightyאָבִירנָבָאto prophesto prophesyנָבָאקָרָאto encountto encounter: mקָרָאדַּהֲרָהrushingrushingדַּהֲרָהפַּרbullockbullockפַּריָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדאֵ֫צֶלbesidebesideאֵ֫צֶלעָנָןcloudcloudעָנָןיָדַעto knowto knowיָדַענְאֻםutteranceutteranceנְאֻםצָבָאarmyarmyצָבָאשָׁלַךְto throwto throwשָׁלַךְאוֹororאוֹ
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Jeremiah 46:15

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

why? will he be prostrated mighty [ones] your not he will stand for Yahweh he will push him
מַדּ֖וּעַma.Du.a' why? H4069 Particle
72× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is used to ask questions like why or how, seeking to understand the reason behind something. It appears in various forms in the Bible, often in contexts of inquiry or curiosity.
Amplified meaning
for what reason
Tyndale gloss
why?
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַדּוּעַ (maddua) means 'why?' or 'wherefore?'. It is derived from the root meaning 'to know' and is used to inquire about reasons or causes. The entries consistently define it as an adverbial term questioning the basis for something.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַדּוּעַ 61 and מַדֻּעַ adv. wherefore?

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4069 מַדּוּעַ, מַדֻּעַ wherefore?

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4069 madduwa` mad-doo'-ah

or madduaa {mad-doo'-ah}; from 4100 and the passive

participle of 3045; what (is) known?; i.e. (by implication)

(adverbially) why?:--how, wherefore, why.

see HEBREW for 04100

see HEBREW for 03045

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַדּוּעַ (mad.du.a) — why?.

why?, on what account?, wherefore?

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTi
why? will he be prostrated mighty [ones] your not he will stand for Yahweh he will push him
נִסְחַ֣ףnis.Chaf will he be prostrated H5502 Verb · Niphal · perfect third person masculine singular
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To prostrate or beat something down is the meaning of this Hebrew word. It can also mean to scrape or sweep something away. This word is used to describe humility or being brought low.
Amplified meaning
swept away
Tyndale gloss
to prostatrate
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

סָחַף (cachaph) is a Hebrew verb meaning to prostrate or to scrape off. It covers actions related to being beaten down or swept away, with forms indicating both active and passive states. The Brown-Driver-Briggs entry notes its use in contexts like a prostrating rain and questions about the prostration of mighty ones.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[סָחַף] vb. prostrate

Qal a prostrating rain

Niph. why are thy mighty ones (or, why is thy bull) prostrated?

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5502 סָחַף

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5502 cachaph saw-khaf'

a primitive root; to scrape off:--sweep (away).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

סָחַף (sa.chaph) — to prostatrate.

1) to prostrate, beat down

1a) (Qal) prostrating (participle)

1b) (Niphal) to be prostrated

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Niphal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Niphal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVNp3ms
why? will he be prostrated mighty [ones] your not he will stand for Yahweh he will push him
אַבִּירֶ֑יךָ'a.bi.Rei.kha mighty [ones] your H47 Suffix
17× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A term used to describe something or someone as mighty or strong, often referring to God or powerful animals. In the Bible, it is used to describe God's power, like in Genesis 49:24, and strong animals, like oxen.
Amplified meaning
mighty, strong, valiant men
Tyndale gloss
mighty: ox
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָבִּיר (abbiyr) means mighty or valiant, and can refer to men, angels, or animals. It also has metaphorical uses, describing enemies, princes, or sacrificial objects. The word can imply strength or obstinacy, and is associated with concepts of power in various contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָבִּיר adj. mighty, valiant

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H47 אָבִּיר mighty, valiant

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

47 'abbiyr ab-beer'

for 46; --angel, bull, chiefest, mighty (one),

stout(-hearted), strong (one), valiant.

see HEBREW for 046

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַבִּיר (ab.bir) — mighty: ox.

1) mighty, valiant

1a) of men

1b) of angels

1c) of animals

1d) (metaph)

1d1) of enemies

1d2) of princes

1d3) of sacrificial objects

1e) obstinate (fig.)

אַבִּיר (ab.bir) — mighty: stallion.

1) mighty, valiant

1a) of men

1b) of angels

1c) of animals

1d) (metaph)

1d1) of enemies

1d2) of princes

1d3) of sacrificial objects

1e) obstinate (fig.)

אַבִּיר (ab.bir) — mighty: strong.

1) mighty, valiant

1a) of men

1b) of angels

1c) of animals

1d) (metaph)

1d1) of enemies

1d2) of princes

1d3) of sacrificial objects

1e) obstinate (fig.)

אַבִּיר (ab.bir) — mighty: angel.

1) mighty, valiant

1a) of men

1b) of angels

1c) of animals

1d) (metaph)

1d1) of enemies

1d2) of princes

1d3) of sacrificial objects

1e) obstinate (fig.)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj | Suff — Suffix
HAamsc/Sp2ms
why? will he be prostrated mighty [ones] your not he will stand for Yahweh he will push him
לֹ֣אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
why? will he be prostrated mighty [ones] your not he will stand for Yahweh he will push him
עָמַ֔ד'a.Mad he will stand H5975 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
521× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Means 'to stand' in a strong sense, like in Exodus 17:12 where Moses stood with his arms up to help Israel win a battle.
Amplified meaning
remain upright
Tyndale gloss
to stand: stand
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עָמַד (amad) means to stand and encompasses a variety of related actions such as remaining, enduring, and taking a stand. It can refer to both literal and figurative stances, including presenting oneself or being appointed. The word appears in various contexts, including standing still, ceasing movement, and even serving. There are different forms of the verb, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, each with specific nuances.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָמַד 620 take one's stand, stand

Qal 435

take one's stand, and (esp. pt.) stand, be in a standing attitude

stand forth

take a stand against, in opposition to

present oneself before

attend upon, be(come) servant of

stand afar

stand (silent)

stand (appealingly)

stand, subj. רֶגֶל

stand, of water

stand still, stop, cease moving

= be inactive

= be attentive

stop, cease doing a thing

tarry, delay

remain

continue, abide

endure

be steadfast

persist

make a stand, hold one's ground

stand upright

arise, appear, come on the scene

stand forth, appear = come into being

rise up as foe

rare usages

Hiph.

83station, set

cause to stand firm

cause to stand up, set up, erect

present one before king

appoint

other meanings

Hoph. be presented

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5975 עָמַד take one's stand, stand .. . take one's stand, and (esp. pt.) stand, be in a standing attitude

. stand forth

. take a stand against, in opposition to

. present oneself before

. attend upon, be(come) servant of

. stand afar

. stand (silent)

. stand (appealingly)

. stand, subj. רֶגֶל

. stand, of water

. . stand still, stop, cease moving

. = be inactive

. = be attentive

. stop, cease doing a thing

. . tarry, delay

. remain

. continue, abide

. endure

. be steadfast

. persist

. make a stand, hold one's ground

. stand upright

. . arise, appear, come on the scene

. stand forth, appear = come into being

. rise up as foe

. rare usages

. . station, set

. cause to stand firm

. cause to stand up, set up, erect

. present one before king

. appoint

. other meanings

. be presented

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5975 `amad aw-mad'

a primitive root; to stand, in various relations (literal and

figurative, intransitive and transitive):--abide (behind),

appoint, arise, cease, confirm, continue, dwell, be employed,

endure, establish, leave, make, ordain, be (over), place, (be)

present (self), raise up, remain, repair, + serve, set (forth,

over, -tle, up), (make to, make to be at a, with-)stand (by,

fast, firm, still, up), (be at a) stay (up), tarry.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָמַד (a.mad) — to stand: stand.

: stand/stop/establish

1) to stand, remain, endure, take one's stand

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to stand, take one's stand, be in a standing attitude, stand forth, take a stand, present oneself, attend upon, be or become servant of

1a2) to stand still, stop (moving or doing), cease

1a3) to tarry, delay, remain, continue, abide, endure, persist, be steadfast

1a4) to make a stand, hold one's ground

1a5) to stand upright, remain standing, stand up, rise, be erect, be upright

1a6) to arise, appear, come on the scene, stand forth, appear, rise up or against

1a7) to stand with, take one's stand, be appointed, grow flat, grow insipid

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to station, set

1b2) to cause to stand firm, maintain

1b3) to cause to stand up, cause to set up, erect

1b4) to present (one) before (king)

1b5) to appoint, ordain, establish

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVqp3ms
why? will he be prostrated mighty [ones] your not he will stand for Yahweh he will push him
כִּ֥יki for H3588 Particle
4,483× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Amplified meaning
because
Tyndale gloss
for
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי conj. that, for, when

that

Of time, when, of the past

elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

Because, since

base

כִּי אם־

each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:

that if

for if

(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—

limiting the prec. clause, except

the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

after an oath, surely

base

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that

. . Of time, when, of the past

. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם

. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though

. Because, since

H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if

. for if

. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except

. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but

. after an oath, surely

H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3588 kiy kee

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional

prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent

or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative

conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by

other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,

where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,

even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +

nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,

therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,

whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כִּי (ki) — for.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if

1f) but rather, but

1g) except that

1h) only, nevertheless

1i) surely

1j) that is

1k) but if

1l) for though

1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.

1) except if

1a) but if

1b) even though

כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.

1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

1a) that

1a1) yea, indeed

1b) when (of time)

1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)

1c) because, since (causal connection)

1d) but (after negative)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj — Particle
HTc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.

In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
why? will he be prostrated mighty [ones] your not he will stand for Yahweh he will push him
יְהוָ֖הYah.weh Yahweh H3068 Noun proper
6,528× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
Yehovah
Tyndale gloss
The Lord
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)

יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb

יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D

the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy

יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'

from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish

national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.

see HEBREW for 01961

see HEBREW for 03050

see HEBREW for 03069

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.

Jehovah = "the existing One"

1) the proper name of the one true God

1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.

Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.

Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpt
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
why? will he be prostrated mighty [ones] your not he will stand for Yahweh he will push him
הֲדָפֽוֹ׃ha.da.Fo he will push him H1920 Verb qal perfect third person masculine singular · suffix
11× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To thrust means to push away or down, as seen in the Bible when driving out or expelling someone, like in the book of Leviticus.
Amplified meaning
pushed down, away, out
Tyndale gloss
to thrust
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הָדַף (Hadaph) is a Hebrew verb meaning to thrust, push, or drive away. It encompasses actions like casting out or expelling, and can also imply deposing someone. The entries consistently highlight its use in the context of physical force or removal.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[הָדַף] vb. thrust, push, drive

Qal

thrust, push

thrust out, drive out

= depose

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1920 [הָדַף] thrust, push, drive

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1920 Hadaph haw-daf'

a prim root; to push away or down:--cast away (out), drive,

expel, thrust (away).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָדַף (ha.daph) — to thrust.

1) to thrust, push, drive, cast away, cast out, expel, thrust away

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to thrust, push

1a2) to drive out, thrust out

1a3) to depose

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms | Suff — Verb qal perfect third person masculine singular · suffix
HVqp3ms/Sp3ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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