Isaiah 42:9 — Word Study
WLCהָרִֽאשֹׁנ֖וֹת הִנֵּה־ בָ֑אוּ וַֽחֲדָשׁוֹת֙ אֲנִ֣י מַגִּ֔יד בְּטֶ֥רֶם תִּצְמַ֖חְנָה אַשְׁמִ֥יע אֶתְכֶֽם׃ פ
BSABeholdhinnêh [look, see] the former thingsriʼshôwn [events, prophesied happenings] have happenedbôwʼ■ ◂and now Iʼănîy [God, the Lord] declarenâgad [proclaim, tell openly] ◂new thingschâdâsh [recent, fresh revelations] Beforeṭerem [prior to, in advance of] they spring forthtsâmach▸ [grow, come into being] I proclaim themshâmaʻ▸ [tell, make known] to youʼêth [to your hearing, for your understanding]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הָרִֽאשֹׁנ֖וֹת | the former [things] | Particle |
| הִנֵּה־ | there! | Particle |
| בָ֑אוּ | they have come | Verb, Qal, perfect third person common plural |
| וַֽחֲדָשׁוֹת֙ | and new [things] | Conjunction |
| אֲנִ֣י | I | Pronoun |
| מַגִּ֔יד | [am] about to tell | Verb, Hiphil, participle (active) masculine singular |
| בְּטֶ֥רֶם | before | Preposition |
| תִּצְמַ֖חְנָה | they will spring up | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine plural |
| אַשְׁמִ֥יע | I will cause to hear [them] | Verb, Hiphil, imperfect first person common singular |
| אֶתְכֶֽם׃ פ | the object marker you | Particle, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Behold, the former things have happened, and now I declare new things. Before they spring forth I proclaim them to you.” |
| KJV | Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them. |
| ASV | Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare; before they spring forth I tell you of them. |
| YLT | The former things, lo, have come, And new things I am declaring, Before they spring up I cause you to hear. |
| WEB | Behold, the former things have happened and I declare new things. I tell you about them before they come up.” |
| BBE | See, the things said before have come about, and now I give word of new things: before they come I give you news of them. |
Where they part company is מַגִּ֔יד — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence features a main clause followed by additional phrases that elaborate on God's declarations and their timing.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאֲנִי
verbבּוֹא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Isaiah 42:9
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Declaration of New Thingsgenerated
Isaiah 42:9 reveals God's declaration that former events have indeed taken place, establishing His authority and faithfulness. He then announces new revelations, emphasizing His role as the one who knows and proclaims what is to come. This passage reflects God's continual engagement with His creation and His ability to reveal fresh insights and truths to His people.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 15:12–16 | As the sun was setting, Abram fell into a deep sleep, and suddenly great terror and darkness overwhelmed him. |
| 2 | Joshua 21:45 | Not one of all the LORD’s good promises to the house of Israel had failed; everything was fulfilled. |
| 3 | Joshua 23:14–15 | Now behold, today I am going the way of all the earth, and you know with all your heart and soul that not one of the good promises the LORD your God made to you has failed. Everything was fulfilled for you; not one promise has failed. |
| 4 | 1 Kings 8:15–20 | and said: “Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel, who has fulfilled with His own hand what He spoke with His mouth to my father David, saying, |
| 5 | 1 Kings 11:36 | I will give one tribe to his son, so that My servant David will always have a lamp before Me in Jerusalem, the city where I chose to put My Name. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 13 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מַגִּ֔יד, ma.Gidgenerated
The verb נָגַד (*nagad*), from which מַגִּ֔יד is derived, means 'to declare' or 'to tell'. It indicates an active role in making known something that is significant. In this context, it emphasizes God's intention to openly proclaim new truths.
As a participle in the Hiphil form, it suggests that God is not just announcing but is actively involved in the process of revelation. This word reflects God's authority and the importance of His messages to His people.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb מַגִּ֔יד, about to tell, governs the verse, with several clauses elaborating on what God is declaring. The structure highlights God's sovereignty in declaring both past events and future revelations.
The order of the clauses emphasizes the sequence of God's actions: first, He acknowledges the former things that have come to pass, and then He transitions to the new things He will proclaim.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint uses the Greek word ἀναγγελῶ, meaning 'I will proclaim' or 'declare'. This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning and emphasizes the act of making known, suggesting a continuity in God's communication through both Hebrew and Greek texts.
This choice of wording indicates a strong connection between the Hebrew and Greek traditions in understanding God's role as a declarer of truth.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Isaiah 42:9 shows that God declares that past events have occurred and announces new revelations. He emphasizes His role in proclaiming these truths before they come to pass, assuring His people of His ongoing presence and knowledge.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
God is referring to past events that He has fulfilled, demonstrating His faithfulness and sovereignty over history.
The 'new things' refer to fresh revelations and insights that God is about to proclaim, indicating His ongoing engagement with His people.
By proclaiming future events in advance, God assures His people of His control over history and His ability to reveal what is to come.
We can understand God's declarations as His continued communication with us, offering guidance, insight, and assurance of His plans for our lives.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What past events in my life can I recognize as God's faithfulness?
- How can I be more attentive to the new revelations God may be proclaiming in my life?
- In what ways can I share God's declarations with others?
- How does understanding God's sovereignty over past and future events affect my faith?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early church fathers reference this verse to emphasize God's declarations and the fulfillment of His promises. Their quotations are included here.
“Behold, the first things,” he says, “came to pass. But I proclaim new things, and before they arise, I will cause these things to be heard by you.” Just as he says “the first things” would be fulfilled through my works,Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 42 →
When the prophet says, “See, the former things have come to pass, and new things I now declare; before they spring forth, I tell you of them,” he does not allow for us to disbelieve the word of the Savior in any respect.Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 42 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Isaiah 42:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBehold, the former things are come to pass,.... Which the Lord had foretold in former times, as to Abraham, concerning the affliction of his posterity in Egypt, the bringing them out from thence, and
Read John Gill on Isaiah 42 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBehold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.
Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 42 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: as all things which I have formerly promised or foretold have exactly come to pass in their proper seasons, and not one of them failed, as was noted, ; so you have great reason to believe that what I now promise, though it be new and strange to you, shall infallibly be accomplished. Before they spring forth I tell you of them, that when they come to pass, you may know that I am God, and that this is my work. Compare .
Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 42 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsIsaiah 42:9 Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.Ver. 9. Behold, the former things are come to pass.] The prophecies are fulfilled. Before they spring forth, I tell you of them.] Therefore I am the true God undoubtedly, and the doctrine of my prophets is true assuredly, veriora quam quae ex tripode. Siquidem Satan etsi semel videatur verax, millies est mendax, et semper fallax.
Read John Trapp on Isaiah 42 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(8, 9) I am the Lord. . . .—The prophet grasps the full meaning of the name revealed in Exodus 3:15. It follows from that meaning that God cannot look with indifference on the transfer to the “graven image” of the worship due to Him. With his vision of Cyrus still present to his thoughts, the prophet again presses the unique point of prediction as distinguishing the religion of Israel from that of the heathen. The “former things” refer probably not to the remote past, but to Isaiah’s earlier prophecies, say the whole Assyrian cycle, on which he now looks back from his new stand-point; or even, as in Isaiah 41:22, to the near future of the conquests of Cyrus as compared with that which was…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 42 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges9. the former things] the things formerly predicted. The reference probably is to prophecies just fulfilled in the successes of Cyrus. The new things are the substance of the present prophecy, the exaltation of the Servant, the redemption of Israel, and the conversion of the heathen. (see Introd., p. xxi.)
Read Cambridge on Isaiah 42 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBehold, the former things are come to pass - That is, the former things which he had foretold.
Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 42 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible9. The former things — “Former” prophecies, respecting which some suppose earlier predictions are meant.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Isaiah 42 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Behold, the former things have happened, and now I declare new things. Before they spring forth I proclaim them to you.”
Behold, the former things have happened and I declare new things. I tell you about them before they come up.”
Behold, the former things have happened, and now I declare new things. Before they spring forth I proclaim them to you.”
Look, my earlier predictive oracles have come to pass; now I announce new events. Before they begin to occur, I reveal them to you.”
Tyndale line
Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.
Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare; before they spring forth I tell you of them.
Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.
Behold, the former things have come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.
Beholde, the former thinges are come to passe, and newe things doe I declare: before they come foorth, I tell you of them.
Strictly literal
Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth will I cause you to hear them.
The former things, lo, have come, And new things I am declaring, Before they spring up I cause you to hear.
The former things, behold, have come, || And I am declaring new things, || Before they spring up I cause you to hear.
The former things, behold, are come to pass; and new things do I announce; before they spring forth I let you hear of them.
See, the previous things came to pass, now I am about to declare new events. Before they begin to occur I will tell you about them.”
From the Latin
The things that were first, behold they are come: and new things do I declare: before they spring forth, I will make you head them.
Simplified
Notice that what I foretold has come true, as will the new things I'm saying to you now. I tell you what will happen before it does.”
See, the things said before have come about, and now I give word of new things: before they come I give you news of them.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with 9 of the 10 words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls also support the MT, though some words are partially restored or supplied by editors, indicating some textual variations but consistent themes.
הָרִֽאשֹׁנ֖וֹת הִנֵּה־ בָ֑אוּ וַֽחֲדָשׁוֹת֙ אֲנִ֣י מַגִּ֔יד בְּטֶ֥רֶם תִּצְמַ֖חְנָה אַשְׁמִ֥יע אֶתְכֶֽם׃ פ
9 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
הרישונות הנה באו והחדשות אני מגיד בטרם תצמחנה אשמיע את׳כמה
10 words on the leather.
[הראשנות] [הנה] באו וחדשות אני [מגיד] [בטרם] [תצמחנה] [אשמיע] [את׳כם]
nothing on the leather here — 3 partly restored, 7 supplied entire by an editor.
[הראשנות] הנה באו וחדשות אני מגיד [בטרם] [תצמחנה] [אשמיע] את׳כם
5 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 4 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 42:9
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word רִאשׁוֹן (*ri'shown*) means 'first' and can refer to something that is primary, former, or chief. It encompasses meanings related to time, rank, and location, indicating ancestors or previous things. The entries consistently emphasize its use as an adjective and adverb, with no significant disagreement noted among the lexicons.
רִאשׁוֹן 182 adj. former, first, chief
base
H7223 רִאשׁוֹן former, first, chief
7223 ri'shown ree-shone'
or riishon {ree-shone'}; from 7221; first, in place, time or
rank (as adjective or noun):--ancestor, (that were)
before(-time), beginning, eldest, first, fore(-father)
(-most), former (thing), of old time, past.
see HEBREW for 07221
רִאשׁוֹן (ri.shon) — first.
: first
adj
1) first, primary, former
1a) former (of time)
1a1) ancestors
1a2) former things
1b) foremost (of location)
1c) first (in time)
1d) first, chief (in degree)
adv
2) first, before, formerly, at first
רִאשׁוֹן (ri.shon) — first: previous.
: previous
adj
1) first, primary, former
1a) former (of time)
1a1) ancestors
1a2) former things
1b) foremost (of location)
1c) first (in time)
1d) first, chief (in degree)
adv
2) first, before, formerly, at first
רִאשׁוֹן (ri.shon) — first: chief.
: chief
adj
1) first, primary, former
1a) former (of time)
1a1) ancestors
1a2) former things
1b) foremost (of location)
1c) first (in time)
1d) first, chief (in degree)
adv
2) first, before, formerly, at first
Art | Adj — ParticleHTd/Aofpa
הִנֵּה (hinneh) is a Hebrew word meaning 'behold' or 'lo!' It serves as a demonstrative particle used to draw attention, appearing in contexts such as Genesis 19:2. The word is derived from a prolongation of another Hebrew term, but the entries do not provide further details on its usage beyond this.
הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr.part. lo!, behold!
base
H2009 הִנֵּה, הִנֶּה־ lo!, behold!
2009 hinneh hin-nay'
prolongation for 2005; lo!:--behold, lo, see.
see HEBREW for 02005
הִנֵּה (hin.neh) — behold.
behold, lo, see, if
Part — ParticleHTj
בּוֹא (bo) is a Hebrew verb meaning to come or go in, with a wide range of applications including entering, arriving, and bringing in. It can refer to both physical movement and abstract concepts like events coming to pass. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to come), Hiphil (to cause to come), and Hophal (to be brought). There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.
בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go
Qal
come in
come (approach, arrive)
go, i.e. walk, associate with
go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
Hiph.
cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
Hoph.
be brought in (of pers. and things)
be brought
be introduced, put
base
H935 בּוֹא come in, come, go in, go .. come in
. come (approach, arrive)
. go, i.e. walk, associate with
. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
. . cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
. . be brought in (of pers. and things)
. be brought
. be introduced, put
935 bow' bo
a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of
applications):--abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, +
besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X
certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out,
upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ,
(cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be
fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war),
grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention,
pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken
(in age), X surely, take (in), way.
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): come.
: come/go_in
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
1a5) to go
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to lead in
1b2) to carry in
1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon
1b4) to bring to pass
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be brought, brought in
1c2) to be introduced, be put
לְב֥וֹא (bo) — Lebo-(Hamath).
This name means to go in, enter
Combined with cha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574)
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): towards.
: towards/entrance
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common pluralHVqp3cp
kum: The translation of many Hebrew and Greek words. In the phrase "The Spirit of Yahweh came mightily upon him" (Jud 14:6,19; 15:14; 1Sa 10:10; 11:6; 16:13), the word is tsaleah; Jud 14:6; 15:14 "came mightily," which is the uniform translation of the Revised Version (British and American) (compare Jud 13:25 "to move," i.e. to disturb or stir up). In Jud 6:34; 1Ch 12:18; 2Ch 24:20, it is labhesh, "to clothe"; the Revised Version, margin "The Spirit .... clothed itself with Gideon" and .... "with Zechariah,"…
חָדָשׁ (chadash) means 'new' or 'fresh.' It is derived from the root word represented by Strong's H2318. The entries indicate that it covers meanings related to novelty and freshness, with an Aramaic equivalent noted as חֲדַ֑ת (cha.dat).
H2319 חָדָשׁ new
2319 chadash khaw-dawsh'
from 2318; new:--fresh, new thing.
see HEBREW for 02318
חָדָשׁ (cha.dash) — New (Gate).
§ new, new thing, fresh
חָדָשׁ (cha.dash) — new.
new, new thing, fresh
Aramaic equivalent: cha.dat (חֲדַ֑ת "new" H2323)
Conj | Adj — ConjunctionHC/Aafpa
אֲנִי, transliterated as aniy, is a first-person singular pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me.' It is often used for emphasis and can also imply possession, as in 'mine' or 'myself.' The word is derived from a form that indicates self-reference, and it appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament.
אֲנִי, אָ֑נִי pron. 1s. comm. I
base
H589 אֲנִי, אָ֑נִי I
589 'aniy an-ee'
contracted from 595; I:--I, (as for) me, mine, myself, we, X
which, X who.
see HEBREW for 0595
אֲנִי (a.ni) — I.
I (first pers. sing. -usually used for emphasis)
Pron — PronounHPp1bs
נָגַד (nagad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to declare or tell, with implications of being conspicuous or manifesting something. It covers a range of meanings including to announce, report, and make known, often through spoken word. The entries indicate that it can also mean to expose or predict, and in the Hophil form, it refers to something being told or reported.
[נָגַד] 363 vb. be conspicuous
Hiph. declare, tell
Hoph. be told, announced, reported
base
H5046 נָגַד be conspicuous . declare, tell
. be told, announced, reported
5046 nagad naw-gad'
a primitive root; properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out
opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest;
figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to one
present); specifically, to expose, predict, explain,
praise:--bewray, X certainly, certify, declare(-ing),
denounce, expound, X fully, messenger, plainly, profess,
rehearse, report, shew (forth), speak, X surely, tell, utter.
נָגַד (na.gad) — to tell.
1) to be conspicuous, tell, make known
1a) (Hiphil) to tell, declare
1a1) to tell, announce, report
1a2) to declare, make known, expound
1a3) to inform of
1a4) to publish, declare, proclaim
1a5) to avow, acknowledge, confess
1a5a) messenger (participle)
1b) (Hophal) to be told, be announced, be reported
V-Hiphil — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singularHVhrmsa
See TALE.
טֶ֫רֶם (terem) is an adverb meaning 'not yet' or 'before.' It is derived from an unused root that suggests interruption or suspension. This word appears in the Old Testament only once, in Ruth 3:14, where it conveys a sense of time prior to an event.
טֶ֫רֶם 54, once (Ru 3:14 Kt) טְרוֹם, adv. of time not yet, ere, before that
base
H2962 טֶ֫רֶם, once טְרוֹם adv. of time not yet, ere, before, that
2962 terem teh'-rem
from an unused root apparently meaning to interrupt or
suspend; properly, non-occurrence; used adverbially, not yet
or before:--before, ere, not yet.
טֶ֫רֶם (te.rem) — before.
before, not yet, before that
Prep | Adv — PrepositionHR/Acbsa
be-for': The translation of a great variety of Hebrew and Greek words. "Haran died before (the English Revised Version "in the presence of," literally "before the face of") his father Terah" (Ge 11:28). To be "before" God is to enjoy His favor (Ps 31:22). "The Syrians before" (Isa 9:12 the Revised Version, margin "on the east," as "behind," owing to the position of Canaan, relative to Syria, implies the west).
צָמַח (tsamach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sprout or spring up. It encompasses various forms of growth, including plants, hair, and even speech. The root can be used in different grammatical aspects, such as causing something to grow or sprout. The entries highlight its literal and figurative uses, particularly in contexts like abundant growth or the effects of rain.
צָמַח vb. sprout, spring up
Qal sprout, spring up
Pi. grow abundantly
Hiph.
cause to grow
of rain, cause the earth to sprout
base
H6779 צָמַח sprout, spring up
6779 tsamach tsaw-makh'
a primitive root; to sprout (transitive or intransitive,
literal or figurative):--bear, bring forth, (cause to, make
to) bud (forth), (cause to, make to) grow (again, up), (cause
to) spring (forth, up).
צָמַח (tsa.mach) — to spring.
1) to sprout, spring up, grow up
1a)(Qal)
1a1) to sprout, spring up
1a1a) of plants
1a1b) of hair
1a1c) of speech (fig.)
1b) (Piel) to grow abundantly or thickly
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to grow
1c2) to cause to sprout
V-Qal-Imperf-3fp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine pluralHVqi3fp
The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama`) means 'to hear' and encompasses a range of meanings including listening, obeying, and proclaiming. It is built from a primitive root and can imply attention and understanding. The entries highlight various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of hearing and obeying. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
שָׁמַע 1152 vb. hear
Qal 1052
subj. pers. hum.
י׳ (God) subj.
Niph. 42 be heard, of voice, sound
be heard of
be regarded, obeyed
= (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice.
Pi. he caused the people to hear
Hiph. 63
of man
י׳ subj.
base
H8085 שָׁמַע hear
8085 shama` shaw-mah'
a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with
implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to
tell, etc.):--X attentively, call (gather) together, X
carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content,
declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make
to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be)
obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish,
regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell,
understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: hear.
: hear
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to
1a5) to understand (language)
1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)
1a7) to listen, give heed
1a7a) to consent, agree
1a7b) to grant request
1a8) to listen to, yield to
1a9) to obey, be obedient
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)
1b2) to be heard of
1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed
1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound
1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)
1d3) to make proclamation, summon
1d4) to cause to be heard
n m
2) sound
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: obey.
: obey
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singularHVhi1cs
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
DirObjM | Suff — Particle · suffixHTo/Sp2mp
