Genesis 41:47 — Word Study
WLCוַתַּ֣עַשׂ הָאָ֔רֶץ בְּשֶׁ֖בַע שְׁנֵ֣י הַשָּׂבָ֑ע לִקְמָצִֽים׃
BSADuring the sevenshebaʻ [plenteous, abundant] yearsshâneh of abundancesâbâʻ [having plenty, being satisfied] the landʼerets [earth, territory] brought forthʻâsâh▸ [produced, yielded] bountifullyqômets [by handfuls, in masses, abundantly]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַתַּ֣עַשׂ | and it produced | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person feminine singular |
| הָאָ֔רֶץ | the land | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| בְּשֶׁ֖בַע | in seven | Preposition |
| שְׁנֵ֣י | [the] years of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| הַשָּׂבָ֑ע | plenty | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| לִקְמָצִֽים׃ | to handfuls | Preposition, noun common masculine plural absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | During the seven years of abundance, the land brought forth bountifully. |
| KJV | And in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls. |
| ASV | And in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls. |
| YLT | and the land maketh in the seven years of plenty by handfuls. |
| WEB | In the seven plenteous years the earth produced abundantly. |
| BBE | Now in the seven good years the earth gave fruit in masses. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of בְּשֶׁ֖בַע — see How Translations Differ.
The main clause is supported by a temporal phrase that sets the context for the action.
5 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbעָשָׂה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Genesis 41:47
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Joseph's Administration in Egyptgenerated
Genesis 41:47 describes how, during the seven years of abundance, the land of Egypt produced plentifully. This period was crucial for Joseph, who was tasked with managing the resources of Egypt to prepare for the impending famine. The context highlights Joseph's foresight and administrative skills as he collected and stored the excess grain for future use, as elaborated in the following verses.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 26:12 | Now Isaac sowed seed in the land, and that very year he reaped a hundredfold. And the LORD blessed him, |
| 2 | Psalm 72:16 | May there be an abundance of grain in the land; may it sway atop the hills. May its fruit trees flourish like the forests of Lebanon, and its people like the grass of the field. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — עָשָׂה, va.Ta.'asgenerated
The verb עָשָׂה (asah) means to make or do, and is used extensively throughout the Hebrew Bible. It encompasses a wide range of actions, including producing, preparing, and observing. In this verse, it indicates the land's active role in yielding a bountiful harvest during a time of abundance.
This verb is in the sequential imperfect tense, third person feminine singular, indicating that the land (feminine in Hebrew) was continuously producing during the seven years. The usage of עָשָׂה here emphasizes the land's fertility and the divine blessing upon it.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses brought forth to convey the action of the land.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is וַתַּ֣עַשׂ, and it produced, which governs the entire sentence. The structure consists of a noun phrase for the subject (the land), followed by a series of prepositional and noun phrases that elaborate on the time frame and the nature of the production.
The sentence begins with the temporal phrase בְּשֶׁ֖בַע (in seven), establishing the context of the seven years before introducing the subject and the action. This order emphasizes the significance of the time period in relation to the land's productivity.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates עָשָׂה as ἐποίησεν (epoiēsen), meaning 'made' or 'produced'. This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning but reflects a broader interpretation of the land's activity in yielding its harvest.
The Greek term emphasizes the act of creation or production, suggesting a divine involvement in the land's fertility during this abundant period.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Genesis 41:47 tells us that during seven years of abundance, the land of Egypt produced a great amount of crops. This was a time of plenty, where the earth yielded its harvest generously, allowing for preparation for the future.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means that the earth produced a large and plentiful harvest, providing enough resources for the people.
The number seven often symbolizes completeness or perfection in the Bible, indicating a full and abundant period.
Joseph collected and stored the excess food during these years to prepare for the famine that was to come.
This verse illustrates the importance of planning and preparing for future needs, especially during times of abundance.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can I recognize and appreciate the times of abundance in my life?
- What steps can I take to prepare for future challenges during times of plenty?
- In what ways can I share my resources with others during times of abundance?
- How does this verse inspire me to trust in God's provision?
Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Genesis 41:47 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls.
Read John Gill on Genesis 41 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls. Brought forth by handfuls , [ liqmaatsiym (H7062)] - in fistfuls, in sheaves.
Read Robert Jamieson on Genesis 41 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleOr, unto handfuls, to wit, growing upon one stalk; or, unto heaps; or, as the ancients render it, for the barns or storehouses; i.e. in such plenty, that all their storehouses were filled with heaps of corn.
Read Matthew Poole on Genesis 41 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsGenesis 41:47 And in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls.Ver. 47. By handfuls.] Manipulatim. Every grain of corn yields a handful of increase. Thus God "filled their hearts with food and gladness"; and so "left not himself without witness" amongst those infidels. Ex uno grano integer manipulus colligebatur.
Read John Trapp on Genesis 41 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 47. The earth brought forth by handfuls.] This probably refers principally to rice, as it grows in tufts, a great number of stalks proceeding from the same seed. In those years the Nile probably rose sixteen cubits; See Clarke on Genesis 41:31.
Read AdamClarke on Genesis 41 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
During the seven years of abundance, the land brought forth bountifully.
In the seven plenteous years the earth produced abundantly.
During the seven years of abundance, the land brought forth bountifully.
During the seven years of abundance the land produced large, bountiful harvests.
Tyndale line
And in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls.
And in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls.
And in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfuls.
And in the seven plenteous years the earth brought forth by handfulls.
And in the seuen plenteous yeres the earth brought foorth store.
Strictly literal
And in the seven years of plenty the land brought forth by handfuls.
and the land maketh in the seven years of plenty by handfuls.
and the land makes in the seven years of plenty by handfuls.
And the earth brought forth in the seven years of plenty by handfuls.
In the seven bountiful years the land produced abundantly.
From the Latin
And the fruitfulness of the seven years came: and the corn being bound up into sheaves was gathered together into the barns of Egypt.
Simplified
During the seven years of good harvests, the land produced plenty of food.
Now in the seven good years the earth gave fruit in masses.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is confirmed by the Samaritan Pentateuch, which agrees word for word with the Hebrew text in this verse. The Septuagint also matches the Masoretic Text closely, maintaining the integrity of the original meaning.
וַתַּ֣עַשׂ הָאָ֔רֶץ בְּשֶׁ֖בַע שְׁנֵ֣י הַשָּׂבָ֑ע לִקְמָצִֽים׃
6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ותעשׂ הארץ בשׁבע שׁני השׂבע לקמצים
Agrees with the Masoretic Text here, word for word.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Genesis 41:47
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
עָשָׂה (asah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to do or make, encompassing a wide range of actions such as producing, preparing, and observing. It can refer to both concrete and abstract activities, including making offerings and attending to tasks. The verb also has forms indicating passive meanings, such as being made or offered. Notably, the Piel form refers to pressing or squeezing.
עָשָׂה 2622 vb. do, make
Qal 2524
do (1560 t.)
deal with
oft. in phr. do kindness with
abs. act, act with effect
make (670 t.)
produce, yield
prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food
make offering
attend to, put in order
observe, celebrate, religious festival
acquire property of various kinds
appoint priests
bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance
use
spend, pass, days of life
Niph.
97be done
be made, of concr. things
be produced from vine
be prepared, of food
be offered
be observed, passover
be used
Pu. I was made
base
[עָשָׂה] vb. Pi. press, squeeze
base
H6213a עָשָׂה do, make .. . do (1560 + t.)
. deal with
. oft. in phr. do kindness with
. abs. act, act with effect
. . make (670 + t.)
. produce, yield
. prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food
. make offering
. attend to, put in order
. observe, celebrate, religious festival
. acquire property of various kinds
. appoint priests
. bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance
. use
. spend, pass, days of life
. . be done
. . be made, of concr. things
. be produced from vine
. be prepared, of food
. be offered
. be observed, passover
. be used
. I was made
H6213b עָשָׂה Pi. press, squeeze
6213 `asah aw-saw'
a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and
widest application (as follows):--accomplish, advance,
appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth,
bruise, be busy, X certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal
(with), deck, + displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in)
execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, + feast, (fight-)ing man, +
finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go
about, govern, grant, great, + hinder, hold ((a feast)), X
indeed, + be industrious, + journey, keep, labour, maintain,
make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, + officer, pare,
bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure,
provide, put, requite, X sacrifice, serve, set, shew, X sin,
spend, X surely, take, X thoroughly, trim, X very, + vex, be
(warr-)ior, work(-man), yield, use.
עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make: do.
: do/perform
1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to do, work, make, produce
1a1a) to do
1a1b) to work
1a1c) to deal (with)
1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect
1a2) to make
1a2a) to make
1a2b) to produce
1a2c) to prepare
1a2d) to make (an offering)
1a2e) to attend to, put in order
1a2f) to observe, celebrate
1a2g) to acquire (property)
1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute
1a2i) to bring about
1a2j) to use
1a2k) to spend, pass
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be done
1b2) to be made
1b3) to be produced
1b4) to be offered
1b5) to be observed
1b6) to be used
1c) (Pual) to be made
עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to press.
(Piel) to press, squeeze
עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make.
: make(OBJECT)
1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to do, work, make, produce
1a1a) to do
1a1b) to work
1a1c) to deal (with)
1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect
1a2) to make
1a2a) to make
1a2b) to produce
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person feminine singularHc/Vqw3fs
אֶ֫רֶץ (erets) is a feminine noun meaning 'earth' or 'land.' It encompasses various meanings, including the whole earth, specific territories like Canaan, and even inhabitants of the land. It can refer to soil, ground, or regions, and is used in phrases related to distance and the living. There is a note on the plural form אֲרָצוֹת, which mainly appears in later texts to denote multiple lands.
אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land
earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
earth, opp. to heaven, sky
earth = inhabitants of earth
land =
country, territory
district, region
trial territory
piece of ground
specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
= inhabitants of land
used even of Shᵉʼôl
ground, surface of ground
soil, as productive
אֶרֶץ in phrases
people of the land
in measurements of distance
the country of the plain, level or plain country
land of the living
end(s) of the earth
pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
base
H776 אֶ֫רֶץ n. f. & (seld.) m. earth, land . . earth, whole earth (opp. to a part)
. earth, opp. to heaven, sky
. earth = inhabitants of earth
. land = . country, territory
. district, region
. trial territory
. piece of ground
. specif. land of Canaan, or Israel
. = inhabitants of land
. used even of Shᵉʼôl
. . ground, surface of ground
. soil, as productive
. אֶרֶץ in phrases . people of the land
. in measurements of distance
. the country of the plain, level or plain country
. land of the living
. end(s) of the earth
. pl. אֲרָצוֹת is almost wholly late; it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc.
776 'erets eh'-rets
from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth
(at large, or partitively a land):--X common, country, earth,
field, ground, land, X natins, way, + wilderness, world.
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: country/planet.
: country/field
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
1b2) district, region
1b3) tribal territory
1b4) piece of ground
1b5) land of Canaan, Israel
1b6) inhabitants of land
1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world
1b8) city (-state)
1c) ground, surface of the earth
1c1) ground
1c2) soil
1d) (in phrases)
1d1) people of the land
1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance)
1d3) level or plain country
1d4) land of the living
1d5) end(s) of the earth
1e) (almost wholly late in usage)
1e1) lands, countries
1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
אֶ֫רֶץ (e.rets) — land: soil.
: soil
1) land, earth
1a) earth
1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part)
1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven)
1a3) earth (inhabitants)
1b) land
1b1) country, territory
Art | N-cs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
((1) 'erets;
(2) 'adhamah;
(3) sadheh,
"a piece of land";
(4) ge, "earth";
(5) agros, "field";
(6) chora, "region";
(7) chorion, diminutive of chora;
(8) xeros, "dry land";
(9) 'ezrach, "native" the King James Version "born in the land," "born among you," the Revised Version (British and American) "home-born" (Le 19:34; 14:16; Nu 15:30); "like a green tree in its native soil" (Ps 37:35)):
→ Appeared on the third creative day Ge 1:9
→ Original title to, from God Ge 13:14-17; 15:7; Ex 23:31; Le 25:23
→ Bought and sold Ge 23:3-18; 33:19; Ac 4:34; 5:1-8
→ Sale and redemption of, laws concerning Le 25:15,16,23-33; 27:17-24; Nu 36:4; Jer 32:7-16,25,44; Eze 46:18
שֶׁ֫בַע (sheba`) means 'seven' and is a cardinal number. It can also imply 'seven times' or refer to a week. The term appears in various contexts, including combinations like 17 or 700. Its Aramaic equivalent is שִׁבְעָה (shiv.ah), also meaning 'seven'.
שֶׁ֫בַע, שִׁבְעָה 394 n.m. et f. seven
base
H7651 שֶׁ֫בַע, שִׁבְעָה seven
7651 sheba` sheh'-bah
or (masculine) shibrah {shib-aw'}; from 7650; a primitive
cardinal number; seven (as the sacred full one); also
(adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by
extension, an indefinite number:--(+ by) seven(-fold),-s,
(-teen, -teenth), -th, times). Compare 7658.
see HEBREW for 07650
see HEBREW for 07658
שֶׁ֫בַע (she.va) — seven.
1) seven (cardinal number)
1a) as ordinal number
1b) in combination-17, 700 etc
Aramaic equivalent: shiv.ah (שִׁבְעָה "seven" H7655)
Prep | Adj — PrepositionHR/Acbsa
sev'-'-n (shebha`; hepta).
See NUMBER.
Seven
This number occurs frequently in Scripture, and in such connections as lead to the supposition that it has some typical meaning. On the seventh day God rested, and hallowed it (Gen. 2:2, 3). The division of time into weeks of seven days each accounts for many instances of the occurrence of this number. This number has been called the symbol of perfection, and also the symbol of rest. “Jacob’s seven years’ service to Laban; Pharaoh’s seven fat oxen and seven lean ones; the seven branches of the golden candlestick; the seven trumpets and the seven priests who sounded them; the seven days’ siege of Jericho; the seven churches, seven spirits, seven stars, seven seals, seven vials, and many others, sufficiently prove the importance of this sacred number” (see Lev. 25:4;
The frequent recurrence of certain numbers in the sacred literature of the Hebrews is obvious to the most superficial reader, but seven so far surpasses the rest, both in the frequency with which it recurs and in the importance of the objects with which it is associated, that it may fairly be termed the representative symbolic number. The influence of the number seven was not restricted to the Hebrews; it prevailed among the Persians, ancient Indians, Greeks and Romans. The peculiarity of the Hebrew view consists in the special dignity of the seventh, and not simply in that of seen. The Sabbath being the seventh day suggested the adoption of seven as the coefficient, so to say, for their appointment of all sacred periods; and we thus find the 7th month ushered in by the Feast of Trumpets, and signalized by the celebration of the Feast of Tabernacles and the Great Day of Atonement; 7…
As from the beginning this was the number of days in the week, so it often has in Scripture a sort of emphasis attached to it, and is very generally used as a round or perfect number. Clean beasts were taken into the ark by sevens, Ge 7:1-24. The years of plenty and famine in Egypt were marked by sevens, Ge 41:1-57. With the Jews, not only was there a seventh day Sabbath, but every seventh year was a Sabbath, and after every seven times seven years came a jubilee. Their great feasts of unleavened bread and of tabernacles were observed for seven days; the number of animals in many of their sacrifices was limited to seven. The golden candlestick had seven branches. Seven priests with seven trumpets went around the walls of Jericho seven days, and seven times on the seventh day. In…
שָׁנָה (shaneh) means 'year' and is derived from the root meaning to change or revolve. It encompasses various aspects of time, including divisions of time, measures of age, and even a lifetime. The Aramaic equivalent is שְׁנָה (she.nah), also meaning 'year'.
שָׁנָה 877 n.f. year (etym. v. √[v.ek.aa])
base
H8141 שָׁנָה year (etym. v. √[8138a])
8141 shaneh shaw-neh'
(in plura or (feminine) shanah {shaw-naw'}; from 8138; a year
(as a revolution of time):--+ whole age, X long, + old,
year(X -ly).
see HEBREW for 08138
שָׁנָה (sha.neh) — year.
1) year
1a) as division of time
1b) as measure of time
1c) as indication of age
1d) a lifetime (of years of life)
Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שָׂבָע (saba`) refers to abundance or satiety, indicating a state of having plenty, particularly in terms of food. The word is derived from a root that emphasizes copiousness and is associated with the idea of being filled or satisfied.
שָׂבָע n.m. plenty, satiety
base
H7647 שָׂבָע plenty, satiety
7647 saba` saw-baw'
from 7646; copiousness:--abundance, plenteous(- ness, -ly).
see HEBREW for 07646
שָׂבָע (sa.va) — abundance.
1) plenty, satiety
1a) plenty (of breadstuffs)
1b) satiety
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
קֹ֫מֶץ (qomets) refers to a closed hand or fist, and specifically denotes a handful. It is derived from a root meaning to grasp. The term is consistently defined across entries, focusing on its physical representation as a handful.
[קֹ֫מֶץ] n.[m.] closed hand, fist
base
H7062 [קֹ֫מֶץ] closed hand, fist
7062 qomets ko'mets
from 7061; a grasp, i.e. handful:--handful.
see HEBREW for 07061
קֹ֫מֶץ (qo.mets) — handful.
closed hand, fist, handful
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absoluteHR/Ncmpa