Exodus 33:2 — Word Study
WLCוְשָׁלַחְתִּ֥י לְפָנֶ֖יךָ מַלְאָ֑ךְ וְגֵֽרַשְׁתִּ֗י אֶת־ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י וְהַֽחִתִּי֙ וְהַפְּרִזִּ֔י הַחִוִּ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃
BSAAnd I will sendshâlach [dispatch, commission] an angelmălʼâk [messenger, divine representative] before youpânîym and I will drive outgârash [expel, dispossess] the CanaanitesKᵉnaʻanîy [inhabitants of the promised land] AmoritesʼĔmôrîy [a Canaanite tribe] HittitesChittîy [descendants of Heth] PerizzitesPᵉrizzîy [indigenous people of Canaan] HivitesChivvîy [an ancient tribe in Palestine] and JebusitesYᵉbûwçîy [original inhabitants of Jerusalem]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְשָׁלַחְתִּ֥י | and I will send | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect first person common singular |
| לְפָנֶ֖יךָ | before you | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| מַלְאָ֑ךְ | an angel | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְגֵֽרַשְׁתִּ֗י | and I will drive out | Verb, Piel, sequential perfect first person common singular |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ | the Canaanite[s] | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י | the Amorite[s] | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| וְהַֽחִתִּי֙ | and the Hittite[s] | Conjunction, particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| וְהַפְּרִזִּ֔י | and the Perizzite[s] | Conjunction, particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| הַחִוִּ֖י | the Hivite[s] | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃ | and the Jebusite[s] | Conjunction, particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | And I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. |
| KJV | And I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite: |
| ASV | and I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite: |
| YLT | (and I have sent before thee a messenger, and have cast out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite,) |
| WEB | I will send an angel before you; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite. |
| BBE | And I will send an angel before you, driving out the Canaanite and the Amorite and the Hittite and the Perizzite and the Hivite and the Jebusite: |
Where they part company is מַלְאָךְ — see How Translations Differ.
The structure consists of two main clauses connected by 'and', with additional phrases providing direction and detail about the action.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
verbשָׁלַח
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Exodus 33:2
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Promise to Israelgenerated
Exodus 33:2 occurs during a pivotal moment when God reassures Moses of His continued guidance as the Israelites prepare to enter the Promised Land. God promises to send an angel to lead them and to drive out the various nations inhabiting the land, ensuring that His people will not face these challenges alone. This promise reflects God’s commitment to fulfill His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as seen in Exodus 3:8-17.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 23:20 | Behold, I am sending an angel before you to protect you along the way and to bring you to the place I have prepared. |
| 2 | Exodus 32:34 | Now go, lead the people to the place I described. Behold, My angel shall go before you. But on the day I settle accounts, I will punish them for their sin.” |
| 3 | Exodus 34:11 | Observe what I command you this day. I will drive out before you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. |
| 4 | Exodus 3:8–17 | I have come down to rescue them from the hand of the Egyptians and to bring them up out of that land to a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey—the home of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. |
| 5 | Deuteronomy 7:22 | The LORD your God will drive out these nations before you little by little. You will not be enabled to eliminate them all at once, or the wild animals would multiply around you. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מַלְאָךְ, mal.'Akhgenerated
The word מַלְאָךְ (mal'ak) means 'messenger' and can refer to an angel, particularly as a messenger of God. It emphasizes the role of the angel as a divine representative sent to guide and protect Israel during their journey.
This term is derived from a root meaning to dispatch as a deputy, indicating that the angel acts on God's behalf. In this context, the angel is not merely a messenger but a vital part of God's plan to ensure the Israelites' safe passage into the land He promised them.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is שָׁלַחְתִּ֥י, I will send, which governs the structure. Following it is a prepositional phrase indicating direction and an object noun phrase that specifies what is being sent.
The second verb, גֵֽרַשְׁתִּ֗י, I will drive out, follows a similar structure, indicating the action God will take against the inhabitants of the land. The sentence is clear and direct, emphasizing God's authoritative promise.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates שָׁלַח as συναποστελῶ, which means 'to send together' or 'to dispatch'. This choice suggests a collaborative action between God and the angel, emphasizing the angel's role in carrying out God's command.
This rendering reflects a broader understanding of the angel's function, not just as a messenger but as an active participant in the divine plan for Israel.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Exodus 33:2 shows God telling Moses that He will send an angel to lead the Israelites and drive out the Canaanite tribes from the land they are about to enter. This promise reassures the people that they will have divine assistance in overcoming the challenges ahead.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means that God will provide a divine representative to guide and protect the Israelites as they enter the Promised Land.
These are various groups of people who inhabited the land of Canaan before the Israelites' arrival, and they represent the challenges that the Israelites will face.
It reassures the Israelites of God's presence and support as they face the uncertainties of entering a new land.
This promise is part of God's ongoing commitment to fulfill His covenant with the patriarchs by ensuring that their descendants will inherit the land.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can I recognize God's guidance in my own life as I face challenges?
- What does it mean for me to trust in God's promises as the Israelites did?
- In what ways can I be a messenger of God to others, following the example of the angel?
- How do I respond to God's call to enter into new experiences or challenges in my life?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Exodus 33:2 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd I will send an angel before thee,.... Not the angel before promised, Exodus 23:20 the Angel of his presence, the eternal Word and Son of God, but a created angel; and so Aben Ezra observes, he
Read John Gill on Exodus 33 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite: I will send an Angel before thee.
Read Robert Jamieson on Exodus 33 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsExodus 33:2 And I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:Ver. 2. An angel before thee.] A created angel to conduct thee. But Moses would none of that; he would not be so put off. Low things satisfy not a high spirit.
Read John Trapp on Exodus 33 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(2) I will send an angel before thee.—“An angel” is ambiguous. It might designate the Angel of the Covenant, the Angel of God’s presence, as in Exodus 23:20; or it might mean a mere ordinary angel, on a par with those who presided over the destinies of other nations besides the Hebrews (Daniel 10:13; Daniel 10:20). That here the expression is used in this latter sense is made manifest by the declaration of the next verse: “I will not go up in the midst of thee.”
Read Charles John Ellicott on Exodus 33 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 2. I will send an angel] In Exodus 23:20, God promises to send an angel to conduct them into the good land, in whom the name of God should be; that is, in whom God should dwell. See Clarke on Exodus 23:20. Here he promises that an angel shall be their conductor; but as there is nothing particularly specified of him, it has been thought that an ordinary angel is intended, and not that Angel of the Covenant promised before. And this sentiment seems to be confirmed by the following verse.
Read AdamClarke on Exodus 33 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges2. an angel] in the place of Jehovah, and exclusive of Him (see v. 3): not, therefore, as Exodus 23:20, where Jehovah is in some sense present in the angel (v. 21 ‘my name is in him’). As was remarked on Exodus 32:34, this is not the usual idea of the ‘angel’: it can, however, be avoided here only by some such supposition as that the words ‘behold, mine angel shall go before thee’ in Exodus 32:34, and v. 2 here, are later insertions in the text, made on the basis of Exo 23:20, without regard to the contradiction which, if ‘angel’ is used here as in Exodus 23:20, they involve with v. 3b (‘I will not go up with thee’). There are independent reasons for thinking that v. 2 here may be a gloss…
Read Cambridge on Exodus 33 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleSee Exodus 3:8. For I will not go up in the midst of thee - The covenant on which the original promise Exodus 23:20-23 was based had been broken by the people.
Read Albert Barnes on Exodus 33 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible2. I will send… drive — Repeated in substance from Exodus 23:23; Exodus 23:28.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Exodus 33 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
And I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
I will send an angel before you; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
And I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
Tyndale line
And I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
and I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
and I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
And I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
And I will send an Angel before thee and will cast out the Canaanites, the Amorites, and the Hittites, and the Perizzites, the Hiuites, and the Iebusites:
Strictly literal
(and I will send an angel before thee, and dispossess the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite,)
(and I have sent before thee a messenger, and have cast out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite,)
And I have sent a Messenger before you, and have cast out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
And I will send before thee an angel; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Emorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite;—
I will send an angel before you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
From the Latin
And I will send an angel before thee, that I may cast out the Chanaanite, and the Amorrhite, and the Hethite, and the Pherezite, and the Hevite, and the Jebusite.
Simplified
I will send an angel out in front of you, and I will drive out the Canaanites, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
And I will send an angel before you, driving out the Canaanite and the Amorite and the Hittite and the Perizzite and the Hivite and the Jebusite:
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Samaritan Pentateuch are largely in agreement, with the Samaritan version differing by including the word גרגשׁי (Girgashite) instead of the Hittites. This indicates a variation in the understanding of the inhabitants of the land.
וְשָׁלַחְתִּ֥י לְפָנֶ֖יךָ מַלְאָ֑ךְ וְגֵֽרַשְׁתִּ֗י אֶת־ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י וְהַֽחִתִּי֙ וְהַפְּרִזִּ֔י הַחִוִּ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃
8 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ושׁלחתי לפניך מלאך וגרשׁתי את הכנעני והאמרי והחתי והגרגשׁי והפרזי והחוי והיבוסי
1 word differs from the Masoretic Text: גרגשׁי (Girgashite)
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Exodus 33:2
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word שָׁלַח (shalach) is a primitive root meaning 'to send' with a wide range of applications. It can refer to sending away, stretching out (especially a hand), or letting go. The entries indicate various forms, including sending off, casting out, and setting free. Notably, it can also imply divorce or being sent away in a marital context.
שָׁלַח 814 vb. send
Qal
send: human subj.
send: subj. י׳ (God)
stretch out, esp. acc. hand
rarely send away: human subj.
let loose
Niph. letters were sent
Pi.
send off, away, human subj.
send away, subj. י׳
give over
cast out
send out, forth
let go, set free
shoot forth branches
let down
shoot
Phrases
Pu. be sent off (started on journey); be put away, divorced, of wife; be impelled(?)
Hiph. and I (י׳) will send
base
H7971 שָׁלַח send .. send: human subj.
. send: subj. י׳ (God)
. stretch out, esp. acc. hand
. rarely send away: human subj.
. let loose
. letters were sent
. . send off, away, human subj.
. . send away, subj. י׳
. give over
. cast out
. send out, forth
. let go, set free
. shoot forth branches
. let down
. shoot
. Phrases
. be sent off (started on journey); be put away, divorced, of wife; be impelled(?)
. and I (י׳) will send
7971 shalach shaw-lakh'
a primitive root; to send away, for, or out (in a great
variety of applications):--X any wise, appoint, bring (on the
way), cast (away, out), conduct, X earnestly, forsake, give
(up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose),
push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send
(away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread,
stretch forth (out).
שָׁלַח (sha.lach) — to send: depart.
: depart/send
1) to send, send away, let go, stretch out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to send
1a2) to stretch out, extend, direct
1a3) to send away
1a4) to let loose
1b) (Niphal) to be sent
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to send off or away or out or forth, dismiss, give over, cast out
1c2) to let go, set free
1c3) to shoot forth (of branches)
1c4) to let down
1c5) to shoot
1d) (Pual) to be sent off, be put away, be divorced, be impelled
1e) (Hiphil) to send
שָׁלַח (sha.lach) — to send: let go.
: let_go/free
1) to send, send away, let go, stretch out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to send
1a2) to stretch out, extend, direct
1a3) to send away
1a4) to let loose
1b) (Niphal) to be sent
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to send off or away or out or forth, dismiss, give over, cast out
1c2) to let go, set free
1c3) to shoot forth (of branches)
1c4) to let down
1c5) to shoot
Conj | V-Qal-1cs — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect first person common singularHc/Vqq1cs
The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.
[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces
face, faces
presence, person
technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
face of seraphim
face of animals
face (= surface) of ground
as adv.loc. before
for other phrases
with prepositions
base
H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces
. . presence, person
. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
. face of seraphim
. face of animals
. face (= surface) of ground
. as adv. loc. before
. for other phrases
. with prepositions
6440 paniym paw-neem'
plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh
{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);
used in a great variety of applications (literally and
figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a
preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),
against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),
+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,
face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er
time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +
honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +
meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,
open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,
presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right
forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,
X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.
: before/to/front
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.
: face
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…
Prep | N-cp | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHR/Ncmpc/Sp2ms
מַלְאָךְ (mal'ak) means 'messenger' and can refer to an angel, particularly as a messenger of God. It is derived from a root meaning to dispatch as a deputy and encompasses roles such as ambassador, prophet, and teacher. The term is used in contexts that include divine communication.
מַלְאָךְ 214 n.m. messenger
messenger
angel, as messenger of God
the theophanic angel
base
H4397 מַלְאָךְ messenger . messenger
. angel, as messenger of God
. the theophanic angel
4397 mal'ak mal-awk'
from an unused root meaning to despatch as a deputy; a
messenger; specifically, of God, i.e. an angel (also a
prophet, priest or teacher):--ambassador, angel, king,
messenger.
מַלְאָךְ (ma.le.akh) — messenger.
: messenger
1) messenger, representative
1a) messenger
1b) angel
1c) the theophanic angel
מַלְאָךְ (ma.le.akh) — messenger: angel.
: angel
1) messenger, representative
1a) messenger
1b) angel
1c) the theophanic angel
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
an'-jel (mal'akh; Septuagint and New Testament, aggelos):
I. DEFINITION AND SCRIPTURE TERMS
II. ANGELS IN OLD TESTAMENT
1. Nature, Appearances and Functions
2. The Angelic Host
3. The Angel of the Theophany
III. ANGELS IN NEW TESTAMENT
1. Appearances
2. The Teaching of Jesus about Angels
3. Other New Testament References
IV. DEVELOPMENT OF THE DOCTRINE
V. THE REALITY OF ANGELS
LITERATURE
I. Definition and Scripture Terms.
The word angel is applied in Scripture to an order of supernatural or heavenly beings whose business it is to act as God's messengers to men, and as agents who carry out His will. Both in Hebrew and Greek the word is applied to human messengers (1Ki 19:2; Lu 7:24); in Hebrew it is used in the singular to denote a Divine messenger, and in the plural for human messengers…
Angel
A word signifying, both in the Hebrew and Greek, a “messenger,” and hence employed to denote any agent God sends forth to execute his purposes. It is used of an ordinary messenger (Job 1:14: 1 Sam. 11:3; Luke 7:24; 9:52), of prophets (Isa. 42:19; Hag. 1:13), of priests (Mal. 2:7), and ministers of the New Testament (Rev. 1:20).
It is also applied to such impersonal agents as the pestilence (2 Sam. 24:16, 17;
The original word, both in Hebrew and Greek, means messenger, and is so translated, Mt 11:10 Lu 7:24. It is often applied to an ordinary messenger, Job 1:14 1Sa 11:3 Lu 9:52; to prophets, Isa 42:19 Hag 1:13; to priests, Ec 5:6 Mal 2:7; and even to inanimate objects, Ps 78:49 104:4 2Co 12:7. Under the…
גָּרַשׁ (garash) is a Hebrew verb meaning to drive out or cast out. It encompasses a range of actions including expelling, divorcing, and thrusting away. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to cast out) and Niphal (to be driven away). Notably, it can refer to both physical expulsion and the act of divorce.
[גָּרַשׁ] vb. drive out, cast out
Qal cast out, thrust out
Niph. be driven away
Pi. drive out, away
Pu. subj. Israelites; subj. despised and miserable outcasts
base
H1644 גָּרַשׁ drive out, cast out
1644 garash gaw-rash'
a primitive root; to drive out from a possession; especially
to expatriate or divorce:--cast up (out), divorced (woman),
drive away (forth, out), expel, X surely put away, trouble,
thrust out.
גָּרַשׁ (ga.rash) — to drive out: drive out.
: drive out
1) to drive out, expel, cast out, drive away, divorce, put away, thrust away, trouble, cast up
1a) (Qal) to thrust out, cast out
1b) (Niphal) to be driven away, be tossed
1c) (Piel) to drive out, drive away
1d) (Pual) to be thrust out
Also means: ga.rash (גָּרַשׁ ": divorce" H1644H)
גָּרַשׁ (ga.rash) — to drive out: divorce.
: divorce
1) to drive out, expel, cast out, drive away, divorce, put away, thrust away, trouble, cast up
1a) (Qal) to thrust out, cast out
1b) (Niphal) to be driven away, be tossed
1c) (Piel) to drive out, drive away
1d) (Pual) to be thrust out
Conj | V-Piel-1cs — Verb · Piel · sequential perfect first person common singularHc/Vpq1cs
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
כְּנַעֲנִי (ken-ah-an-ee) refers to a Canaanite, an inhabitant of Canaan, and also denotes a merchant or trader. It is derived from the root word for Canaan, which can imply a connection to trade, as Canaanites were known for their mercantile activities. The term can also describe a woman from Canaan, first mentioned in Genesis 46:10.
כְּנַעֲנִי adj. et nom.gent.
base
כְּנַעֲנִי n.m. trader, merchant
base
H3669a כְּנַעֲנִי adj. et nom. gent. H3669b כְּנַעֲנִי trader, merchant
3669 Kna`aniy ken-ah-an-ee'
patrial from 3667; a Kenaanite or inhabitant of Kenaan; by
implication, a pedlar (the Canaanites standing for their
neighbors the Ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile
caravans):--Canaanite, merchant, trafficker.
see HEBREW for 03667
כְּנַעֲנִי (ke.na.a.ni) — Canaanite.
Group of ke.na.an (כְּנַ֫עַן "Canaan" H3667A)
§ Canaanite, of Cana "zealous"
adj
descendant or inhabitant of Canaan
כְּנַעֲנִי (ke.na.a.ni) — merchant.
a merchant, trader
Group of ke.na.an (כְּנַ֫עַן "merchant" H3667B)
כְּנַעֲנִי (ke.na.a.ni) — Canaanitess.
Describing a woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.46.10;
mother of: Shaul (H7586H)
§ a merchant, trader
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
אֱמֹרִי (Emoriy) refers to the Amorites, a group of people descended from Canaan, possibly meaning 'mountain-dwellers.' They are noted as a prominent tribe dispossessed by the Israelites during their conquest of Canaan. The term may derive from a root meaning 'to say,' suggesting a connection to prominence or publicity.
אֱמֹרִי n.pr.m.coll. Amorites (perh. = mountain-dwellers)
called son of Canaan
a chief people dispossessed by Hebrews
adj.gent.
base
H567 אֱמֹרִי Amorites (perh. = mountain-dwellers)
567 'Emoriy em-o-ree'
probably a patronymic from an unused name derived from 559 in
the sense of publicity, i.e. prominence; thus, a mountaineer;
an Emorite, one of the Canaanitish tribes:--Amorite.
see HEBREW for 0559
אֱמֹרִי (e.mo.ri) — Amorite.
Someone descended from Amor(?), first mentioned at Gen.10.16; descended from Canaan (H3667); along with Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Jebusite (H2983), Girgashite (H1622), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577)
§ Amorite = "a sayer"
one of the peoples of east Canaan and beyond the Jordan, dispossessed by the Israelite incursion from Egypt
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
חִתִּי (Chittiy) refers to a Hittite, a descendant of Heth, who is mentioned in the context of the Canaanite lineage in the Old Testament. The term denotes both an individual and the nation that inhabited regions of Anatolia and later parts of Lebanon. It is linked to the broader family of nations descended from Canaan, as noted in Genesis 10:15.
חִתִּי adj. et n.gent. Hittite(s)
base
H2850 חִתִּי Hittite(s)
2850 Chittiy khit-tee'
patronymically from 2845; a Chittite, or descendant of
Cheth:--Hittite, Hittities.
see HEBREW for 02845
חִתִּי (chit.ti) — Hittite.
Someone descended from Heth who was a man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.15;
son of: Canaan (H3667);
brother of: Sidon (H6721), Jebusite (H2983), Amorite (H0567), Girgashite (H1622), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577); also called Hittite (KJV: "of Heth") frequently
Group of chet (חֵת "Heth" H2845)
§ Hittite = "descendant of Heth"
the nation descended from Heth, the 2nd son of Canaan; once inhabitants of central Anatolia (modern Turkey), later in north Lebanon
Conj | Art | Ngmsa — Conjunction · particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHC/Td/Ngmsa
פְּרִזִּי (Perizzite) refers to an inhabitant of the open country, specifically one of the tribes in Canaan. The term is associated with a people who lived in southern Canaan before the Israelite conquest, and it may mean 'belonging to a village.' The Perizzites are first mentioned in Genesis 13:7.
פְּרִזִּי 23 adj.gent. Perizzite
base
H6522 פְּרִזִּי Perizzite
6522 Prizziy per-iz-zee'
for 6521; inhabitant of the open country; a Perizzite, one of
the Canaanitish tribes:--Perizzite.
see HEBREW for 06521
פְּרִזִּי (pe.riz.zi) — Perizzite.
Someone descended from Periz(?), first mentioned at Gen.13.7
§ Perizzite = "belonging to a village"
a people who inhabited southern Canaan prior to the conquest
Conj | Art | Ngmsa — Conjunction · particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHC/Td/Ngmsa
חִוִּי (Chivviy) refers to the Hivites, a group of villagers descended from Canaan, specifically mentioned in Genesis 10:17. They are described as one of the aboriginal tribes of Palestine, living in northern Canaan near Mount Hermon during the conquest. The term may derive from a root meaning 'villager'.
חִוִּי adj.gent. (= villagers?)
base
H2340 חִוִּי (= villagers?)
2340 Chivviy khiv-vee'
perhaps from 2333; a villager; a Chivvite, one of the
aboriginal tribes of Palestine:--Hivite.
see HEBREW for 02333
חִוִּי (chiv.vi) — Hivite.
Someone descended from Hiv(?) of the Canaanites, first mentioned at Gen.10.17; descended from Canaan (H3667); along with Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Jebusite (H2983), Amorite (H0567), Girgashite (H1622), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577)
§ Hivite = "villagers"
6th generation of descendants of Canaan, the son of Ham, who were living in northern Canaan near Mount Hermon at the time of the conquest
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
יְבוּסִי (Yebuwciy) means 'Jebusite,' referring to the inhabitants or descendants of Jebus, an early name for Jerusalem. The term is derived from a root associated with Canaan, specifically the third son of Canaan. It is used in the context of the people living in or around Jerusalem.
יְבוּסִי, יְבֻסִי
adj. gent. Jebusite, Jebusites
Jerusalem
base
H2983 יְבוּסִי, יְבֻסִי . adj. gent. Jebusite, Jebusites
. Jerusalem
2983 Yebuwciy yeb-oo-see'
patrial from 2982; a Jebusite or inhabitant of
Jebus:--Jebusite(-s).
see HEBREW for 02982
יְבוּסִי (ye.vu.si) — Jebusite.
Someone descended from Jebus(?) of the Canaanites, first mentioned at Gen.10.16; descended from Canaan (H3667); along with Sidon (H6721), Heth (H2845), Amorite (H0567), Girgashite (H1622), Hivite (H2340), Arkite (H6208), Sinite (H5513), Arvadite (H0721), Zemarite (H6786) and Hamathite (H2577)
§ Jebusite = "descendants of Jebus"
descendants of the 3rd son of Canaan who lived in or around the site of Jebus, the early name for Jerusalem
יְבוּסִי (ye.vu.si) — Jebus.
Jebusite = "descendants of Jebus"
descendants of the 3rd son of Canaan who lived in or around the site of Jebus, the early name for Jerusalem
Another spelling of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Conj | Art | Ngmsa — Conjunction · particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHC/Td/Ngmsa