Amos 2:13 — Word Study
WLCהִנֵּ֛ה אָנֹכִ֥י מֵעִ֖יק תַּחְתֵּיכֶ֑ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר תָּעִיק֙ הָעֲגָלָ֔ה הַֽמְלֵאָ֥ה לָ֖הּ עָמִֽיר׃
BSABeholdhinnêh [look, see] ◂Iʼânôkîy am about to crush youʻûwq [press, oppress] in your placetachath [position, location] asʼăsher [with]ʻûwq▸ a cartʻăgâlâh [wagon, vehicle] grainʻâmîyr [sheaves, harvest]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הִנֵּ֛ה | here! | Particle |
| אָנֹכִ֥י | I | Pronoun |
| מֵעִ֖יק | [am] about to make totter | Verb, Hiphil, participle (active) masculine singular |
| תַּחְתֵּיכֶ֑ם | under you | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר | just as | Preposition, particle |
| תָּעִיק֙ | it totters | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| הָעֲגָלָ֔ה | the cart | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| הַֽמְלֵאָ֥ה | full | Particle |
| לָ֖הּ | itself | Preposition, suffix |
| עָמִֽיר׃ | cut grain | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Behold, I am about to crush you in your place as with a cart full of grain. |
| KJV | Behold, I am pressed under you, as a cart is pressed that is full of sheaves. |
| ASV | Behold, I will press you in your place, as a cart presseth that is full of sheaves. |
| YLT | Lo, I am pressing you under, As the full cart doth press for itself a sheaf. |
| WEB | Behold, I will crush you in your place, as a cart crushes that is full of grain. |
| BBE | See, I am crushing you down, as one is crushed under a cart full of grain. |
Translations agree on the meaning of מֵעִ֖יק as a form of crushing or pressing.
The sentence has one main clause with two additional phrases that provide context and comparison.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאָנֹכִי
verbעוּק
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Amos 2:13
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Judgment Against Israelgenerated
Amos 2:13 presents a stark warning from God to Israel about the consequences of their actions. The preceding verses highlight Israel's transgressions, particularly their treatment of the Nazirites and prophets, setting the stage for this declaration of impending judgment. The imagery used emphasizes the weight and severity of God's message, illustrating the overwhelming nature of their sin and the resulting punishment.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 78:40 | How often they disobeyed Him in the wilderness and grieved Him in the desert! |
| 2 | Isaiah 1:14 | I hate your New Moons and your appointed feasts. They have become a burden to Me; I am weary of bearing them. |
| 3 | Isaiah 7:13 | Then Isaiah said, “Hear now, O house of David! Is it not enough to try the patience of men? Will you try the patience of my God as well? |
| 4 | Isaiah 43:24 | You have not bought Me sweet cane with your silver, nor satisfied Me with the fat of your sacrifices. But you have burdened Me with your sins; you have wearied Me with your iniquities. |
| 5 | Ezekiel 6:9 | Then in the nations to which they have been carried captive, your survivors will remember Me—how I have been grieved by their adulterous hearts that turned away from Me, and by their eyes that lusted after idols. So they will loathe themselves for the evil they have done and for all their abominations. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מֵעִ֖יק, me.'Ikgenerated
The word עוּק (uwq) is a Hiphil participle meaning 'to totter' or 'to make totter.' It conveys a sense of instability or being crushed under weight. In this context, it suggests a forceful action that will lead to Israel's downfall, emphasizing the seriousness of God's impending judgment.
This verb is used here to indicate that God will cause Israel to stumble or fall, much like a cart laden with grain would crush anything beneath it. The imagery evokes a powerful visual of weight and pressure, underscoring the gravity of the situation.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In this study, we refer to the Berean Standard Bible as the baseline for comparison.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse contains one main verb — מֵעִ֖יק, about to crush — which governs the action of the subject אָנֹכִ֥י, I. The structure emphasizes the directness of God's declaration and the impending nature of the action.
The phrases that follow provide additional context: a prepositional phrase תַּחְתֵּיכֶ֑ם under you establishes the location, while the simile introduced by כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר just as compares the action to the crushing weight of a cart full of grain.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מֵעִ֖יק as κυλίω, meaning 'to roll' or 'to turn over.' This choice suggests a slight shift in imagery, focusing on the movement and force rather than the direct act of crushing.
This translation reflects a broader interpretation of the Hebrew, emphasizing the overwhelming nature of the judgment rather than a specific action.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Amos 2:13 warns Israel that God is about to crush them like a heavy cart filled with grain. This imagery highlights the seriousness of their sins and the impending judgment they face.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
This indicates a severe judgment for their sins, using the metaphor of a heavy cart to illustrate the weight of their wrongdoing and the consequences they will face.
The cart symbolizes the weight and pressure of judgment, suggesting that just as a cart can crush what is beneath it, so too will God's judgment overwhelm Israel.
It follows a series of accusations against Israel, emphasizing the consequences of their actions and the seriousness of their rebellion against God.
It serves as a reminder of the seriousness of sin and the reality of divine judgment, encouraging reflection on our own actions and their consequences.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see the weight of my actions affecting those around me?
- How can I ensure that I am not living in rebellion against God's commands?
- What steps can I take to address areas of my life that may be leading to instability?
- How does understanding God's judgment help me in my daily life and decisions?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentators like Jerome and Gregory the Dialogist reflect on this verse to illustrate God's judgment and the seriousness of sin.
Behold, I will roar underneath you, like a heavily loaded wagon roars with hay, and the fleet warrior shall perish, and the strong shall not retain his strength, and the mighty shall not save his soul, and the archer shall not stand,Early Church Fathers on Amos 2 →
He sometimes compares himself with deep condescension, on account of our infirmity, to objects without sense, as he says by the prophet, “Behold,Early Church Fathers on Amos 2 →
I will screak: Unable to bear any longer the enormous load of your sins, etc. The spirit of God, as St. Jerome takes notice, accommodates himself to the education of the prophet and inspires him with comparisons taken from country affairs.Early Church Fathers on Amos 2 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Amos 2:13 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBehold, I are pressed under you,.... With the weight of their sins, with which they had made him to serve, and had wearied him; his patience was quite wore out, he could bear them no longer: as a
Read John Gill on Amos 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBehold, I am pressed under you, as a cart is pressed that is full of sheaves. I am pressed under you - so Calvin (cf. Isaiah 1:14).
Read Robert Jamieson on Amos 2 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHitherto the Lord by the prophet had declared the sins of the kingdom of the ten tribes, now he is about to pronounce judgment against them; he calls for their attention, and diligent weighing what he is about to speak. I, the Lord, who have so multiplied mercies to this people, am pressed under you, as a cart is pressed that is full of sheaves: some read this passage actively, and make this the sense, I will lead you with these judgments as a cart is loaded, and you shall cry and groan under these judgments, as a cart heavy loaded makes a noise in its motion under such pressures. Perhaps sheaves, the loading of a harvest season, are mentioned, to intimate the ripeness of their sins, and…
Read Matthew Poole on Amos 2 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsAmos 2:13 Behold, I am pressed under you, as a cart is pressed [that is] full of sheaves.Ver. 13. Behold I am pressed under you, &c.] A country comparison (such as this prophet is full of), plain, but pithy; to show how God is pressed and oppressed with people’ s sins, wearied as it were, Isaiah 43:24, and his patience even worn out; so that he can forbear them no longer, Isaiah 42:14, but like a travailing woman, that bites in her pain as long as she is able, at length cries out: so here, God hath much ado to forbear killing men in their sins; as he was ready to have a blow at Moses, when he met him in the inn, and could hardly hold his hands; he even groans under the pressure as a cart…
Read John Trapp on Amos 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(13) I am pressed.—Baur, Pusey, and Speaker’s Commentary support this rendering of the Heb. mç‘îq, the corresponding form in the next clause also being taken in the intransitive (i.e., passive sense). But it is unlikely that God, in this passage, should declare Himself “crushed” under the weight of Israel’s sin, for in the context it is Israel, and not God, who is described as the victim, Moreover, grammatical usage is against the rendering of mç‘îq as passive; nor does it favour Ewald’s, as well as Keil’s, interpretation “press you down” Translate (see margin) Behold, I am pressing down beneath you (literally, your place), just as the waggon, filled up with sheaves, presses down. Jehovah…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Amos 2 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 13. Behold, I am pressed under you] The marginal reading is better: "Behold, I will press your place, as a cart full of sheaves presseth." I will bring over you the wheel of destruction; and it shall grind your place - your city and temple, as the wheel of a cart laden with sheaves presses down the ground, gravel, and stones over which it rolls.
Read AdamClarke on Amos 2 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and CollegesAmos 2:6-16. The sin of Israel, and its punishment 6–16. At last Amos comes to Israel. The Israelites might listen with equanimity, or even with satisfaction, whilst their neighbours’ faults were being exposed: but they now find that precisely the same standard is to be applied to themselves. The stereotyped form is not preserved after the first verse; both the indictment and the punishment being developed at much greater length than in the case of any of the previous nations. The indictment (Amos 2:6-8) consists of four counts: 1. maladministration of justice; 2. oppression of the poor; 3. immorality; 4. inordinate self-indulgence, practised in the name of religion—all, in view of the…
Read Cambridge on Amos 2 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBehold, I am pressed under you - God bore His people, as the wain bears the sheaves. “Ye yourselves have seen,” He said to them by Moses, “how I bare you on eagle’s wings, and brought you unto Myself” Exodus 19:4.
Read Albert Barnes on Amos 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Behold, I am about to crush you in your place as with a cart full of grain.
Behold, I will crush you in your place, as a cart crushes that is full of grain.
Behold, I am about to crush you in your place as with a cart full of grain.
Look! I will press you down, like a cart loaded down with grain presses down.
Tyndale line
Behold, I am pressed under you, as a cart is pressed that is full of sheaves.
Behold, I will press you in your place, as a cart presseth that is full of sheaves.
Behold, I will press you in your place, as a cart presseth that is full of sheaves.
Behold, I am pressed under you, as a cart is pressed that is full of sheaves.
Behold, I am pressed vnder you as a cart is pressed that is full of sheaues.
Strictly literal
Behold, I will press upon you, as a cart presseth that is full of sheaves.
Lo, I am pressing you under, As the full cart doth press for itself a sheaf.
Behold, I am pressing you under, || As the full cart presses a sheaf for itself.
Behold, I press down [the ground] under you, as the wagon presseth [it] down that is full of sheaves.
Look, I will crush you as a cart that is full of grain can crush someone.
From the Latin
Behold, I will screak under you as a wain screaketh that is laden with hay.
Simplified
Now see what I am going to do. I will crush you where you are, as if crushed by a heavy cart loaded down with sheaves of grain.
See, I am crushing you down, as one is crushed under a cart full of grain.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in content, with 9 of the 10 words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls present a partially restored version, indicating some agreement with the MT but also showing editorial intervention.
הִנֵּ֛ה אָנֹכִ֥י מֵעִ֖יק תַּחְתֵּיכֶ֑ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר תָּעִיק֙ הָעֲגָלָ֔ה הַֽמְלֵאָ֥ה לָ֖הּ עָמִֽיר׃
9 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
והנה אנוכי מעיק [תחתי׳כם] [כאשר] [תעיק] [העגלה] [המלאה] [ל׳ה] עמיר
2 words on the leather — 2 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Amos 2:13
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
הִנֵּה (hinneh) is a Hebrew word meaning 'behold' or 'lo!' It serves as a demonstrative particle used to draw attention, appearing in contexts such as Genesis 19:2. The word is derived from a prolongation of another Hebrew term, but the entries do not provide further details on its usage beyond this.
הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr.part. lo!, behold!
base
H2009 הִנֵּה, הִנֶּה־ lo!, behold!
2009 hinneh hin-nay'
prolongation for 2005; lo!:--behold, lo, see.
see HEBREW for 02005
הִנֵּה (hin.neh) — behold.
behold, lo, see, if
Part — ParticleHTj
her, in composition:
The Hebrew word אָֽנֹכִ֫י (*anokiy*) is a first-person singular pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me.' It is a variant spelling of אֲנִי (*ani*), which also means 'I.' The entries confirm its use as a personal pronoun without significant disagreement among lexicons.
אָֽנֹכִ֫י, אָנֹ֑כִי pron. 1s. comm. I
base
H595 אָֽנֹכִ֫י, אָנֹ֑כִי I
595 'anokiy aw-no-kee'
sometimes {aw-no'-kee}; a primitive pro.; I:--I, me, X
which.
אָֽנֹכִ֫י (a.no.khi) — I.
I (first pers. sing.)
Another spelling of a.ni (אֲנִי, אָֽנֹכִ֫י "I" H0589)
Pron — PronounHPp1bs
עוּק (uwq) is a Hebrew verb meaning to totter or to cause to totter, with a sense of being pressed or crushed. The entries indicate that its meaning is somewhat uncertain, and it is primarily found in the Hiphil form. The word is derived from a primitive root, but the specific nuances of its usage in the Old Testament are not detailed.
[עוּק] vb. dub.;—only Hiph. totter, cause tottering
base
H5781 עוּק
5781 `uwq ook
a primitive root; to pack:--be pressed.
עוּק (uq) — to totter.
1) (Hiphil) to totter, cause to totter, crush
1a) meaning uncertain
V-Hiphil — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singularHVhrmsa
תַּחַת (tachath) refers to the concept of being underneath or below. It can function as a noun meaning 'the under part,' or as an adverb and preposition indicating position or substitution, such as 'instead of' or 'for the sake of.' The word encompasses various uses, including physical placement and metaphorical meanings related to subjection or exchange.
תַּחַת n.[m.] the under part, hence as adv. accus. and prep. underneath, below, instead of
base
H8478 תַּחַת the under part, hence as adv. accus. and prep. underneath, below, instead of
8478 tachath takh'-ath
from the same as 8430; the bottom (as depressed); only
adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix
underneath), in lieu of, etc.:--as, beneath, X flat,
in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead
of, under, X unto, X when...was mine, whereas, (where-)fore,
with.
see HEBREW for 08430
תַּחַת (ta.chat) — underneath: under.
: under/below
1) the under part, beneath, instead of, as, for, for the sake of, flat, unto, where, whereas n m
1a) the under part adv accus
1b) beneath prep
1c) under, beneath
1c1) at the foot of (idiom)
1c2) sweetness, subjection, woman, being burdened or oppressed (fig)
1c3) of subjection or conquest
1d) what is under one, the place in which one stands
1d1) in one's place, the place in which one stands (idiom with reflexive pronoun)
1d2) in place of, instead of (in transferred sense)
1d3) in place of, in exchange or return for (of things mutually interchanged)
conj
1e) instead of, instead of that
1f) in return for that, because that in compounds
1g) in, under, into the place of (after verbs of motion)
1h) from under, from beneath, from under the hand of, from his place, under, beneath
תַּחַת (ta.chat) — underneath: instead.
: instead/in_place/exchange
Prep | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp2mp
The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.
אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.
base
בַאֲשֶׁר
in (that) which
adv. in (the place) where
conj. in that, inasmuch as
on account of whom?
base
מֵאֲשֶׁר
from (or than) that which
adv. from (the place) where
conj. from (the fact) that …, since
base
כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when
according to that which, according as, as
with a causal force, in so far as, since
with a temporal force, when
base
H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which
. adv. in (the place) where
. conj. in that, inasmuch as
. on account of whom?
H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which
. adv. from (the place) where
. conj. from (the fact) that …, since
H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as
. with a causal force, in so far as, since
. with a temporal force, when
834 'aher ash-er'
a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)
when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X
alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +
from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,
wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where
(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +
whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is
indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun
expletively, used to show the connection.
אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.
A: 1) (relative part.)
1a) which, who
1b) that which
2) (conj)
2a) that (in obj clause)
2b) when
2c) since
2d) as
2e) conditional if
B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
D: Kaph+
1) (conj.), according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since
1c) with a temporal force: when
בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.
1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.
1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.
conj
1) according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
Prep | Rel — Preposition · particleHR/Tr
az: Conj. and adverb (usually Greek hos hosper, kathos), designating:
(1) Likeness: (a) between nouns (Ge 3:5; Jud 6:5; Php 2:8; Heb 11:27,29); (b) between verbs (Lu 6:36; Joh 5:30; 1Co 10:7); (c) between adjectives (1Co 15:48).
(2) Limitation (with respect to a particular aspect or relation) (1Pe 4:15,16).
עוּק (uwq) is a Hebrew verb meaning to totter or to cause to totter, with a sense of being pressed or crushed. The entries indicate that its meaning is somewhat uncertain, and it is primarily found in the Hiphil form. The word is derived from a primitive root, but the specific nuances of its usage in the Old Testament are not detailed.
[עוּק] vb. dub.;—only Hiph. totter, cause tottering
base
H5781 עוּק
5781 `uwq ook
a primitive root; to pack:--be pressed.
עוּק (uq) — to totter.
1) (Hiphil) to totter, cause to totter, crush
1a) meaning uncertain
V-Hiphil-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs
עֲגָלָה (agalah) refers to a wheeled vehicle, such as a cart, chariot, or wagon, derived from the concept of rolling. The entries consistently emphasize its function as a transport vehicle, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
עֲגָלָה n.f. cart (from rolling of wheels)
base
H5699 עֲגָלָה cart (from rolling of wheels)
5699 `agalah ag-aw-law'
from the same as 5696; something revolving, i.e. a wheeled
vehicle:--cart, chariot, wagon
see HEBREW for 05696
עֲגָלָה (a.ga.lah) — cart.
cart, wagon
Art | N-fs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
kart (`aghalah): The Hebrew word has been translated in some passages "cart," and in others "wagon." In one verse only has it been translated "chariot." The context of the various passages indicates that a distinction was made between vehicles which were used for carrying baggage or produce and those used for carrying riders (chariots), although in their primitive form of construction they were much the same (compare English "cart" and "carriage").
Carts, like "chariots" (which see), were of Assyrian origin. They were early carried to Egypt where the flat nature of the country readily led to their adoption. From Egypt they gradually found their way among the people of the Palestinian plains. In the hills of Judea and Central Palestine, except where highways were built (1Sa 6:12), the nature of the country prevented the use of wheeled…
Cart
A vehicle moving on wheels, and usually drawn by oxen (2 Sam. 6:3). The Hebrew word thus rendered, ’agalah (1 Sam. 6:7, 8), is also rendered “wagon” (Gen. 45:19). It is used also to denote a war-chariot (Ps. 46:9). Carts were used for the removal of the ark and its sacred utensils (Num. 7:3, 6). After retaining the ark amongst them for seven months, the Philistines sent it back to the Israelites. On this occasion they set it in a new cart, probably a rude construction, with solid wooden wheels like that still used in Western Asia, which was drawn by two milch cows, which conveyed it straight to Beth-shemesh.
(Genesis 45:19,27; Numbers 7:3,7,8) a vehicle drawn by cattle, (2 Samuel 6:6) to be distinguished from the chariot drawn by horses. Carts and wagons were either open or covered, (Numbers 7:3) and were used for conveyance of person, (Genesis 45:19) burdens, (1 Samuel 6:7,8) or produce. (Amos 2:13) The only cart used in western Asia has two wheels of solid wood.
→ General scriptures concerning 1Sa 6:7-14; 2Sa 6:3; Isa 28:27,28
→ See WAGON
מָלֵא (male') means 'full' and can refer to fullness in both literal and figurative senses. It encompasses concepts of filling and completeness, and can also be used adverbially. The word is derived from a root meaning to fill, and it appears in contexts related to abundance or multitude.
H4392 מָלֵא full
4392 male' maw-lay'
from 4390; full (literally or figuratively) or filling
(literally); also (concretely) fulness; adverbially,
fully:--X she that was with child, fill(-ed, -ed with),
full(-ly), multitude, as is worth.
see HEBREW for 04390
מָלֵא (ma.le) — full.
1) full, fulness, that which fills
1a) fully (adv)
HTd/Aafsa — ParticleHTd/Aafsa
הָ (ha) — her.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person feminine singular
HR/Sp3fs — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3fs
עָמִיר (amiyr) refers to a bunch of grain, specifically a sheaf or a row of fallen grain. It is derived from a root meaning to bind or gather. The term appears in contexts related to harvesting and agriculture.
עָמִיר n.[m.] swath, row of fallen grain
base
H5995 עָמִיר
5995 `amiyr aw-meer'
from 6014; a bunch of grain:--handful, sheaf.
see HEBREW for 06014
עָמִיר (a.mir) — sheaf.
swath, a row of fallen grain
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
gran.
See AGRICULTURE; GARNER.
Grain
Used, in Amos 9:9, of a small stone or kernel; in Matt. 13:31, of an individual seed of mustard; in John 12:24, 1 Cor. 15:37, of wheat. The Hebrews sowed only wheat, barley, and spelt; rye and oats are not mentioned in Scripture.
See CORN.