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2 Chronicles 21:14 — Word Study

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WLCהִנֵּ֣ה יְהוָ֗ה נֹגֵ֛ף מַגֵּפָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ וּבְבָנֶ֥יךָ וּבְנָשֶׁ֖יךָ וּבְכָל־ רְכוּשֶֽׁךָ׃

BSASo beholdhinnêh [look, see] the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, The covenant Name of God] is about to strikenâgaph [smite, inflict judgment] your peopleʻam [nation, community] your sonsbên [children, descendants] your wivesʼishshâh [women] and allkôl [everything, every possession] your possessionsrᵉkûwsh [property, goods, riches] with a seriousgâdôwl blowmaggêphâh

Word
Listen & take away2 Chronicles 21
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 14 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (re.khu.She.kha) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
2 Chronicles 21:14quick helps
In a sentenceThe LORD is about to deliver a severe judgment on Jehoram's people and possessions.
Who is speakingThe prophet speaks on behalf of the LORD.
Where we areThis verse is part of a warning to King Jehoram about the consequences of his actions.
The hard wordמַגֵּפָ֥ה
Take awayThe judgment is imminent and comprehensive, affecting all aspects of Jehoram's life.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Poole, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them › clause subjectיהוה verbנָגַף The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — 2 Chronicles 21:14

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Judgment Against Jehoramgenerated

13but you have walked in the ways of the kings of Israel and have caused Judah and the people of Jerusalem to prostitute themselves, just as the house of Ahab prostituted itself. You have also killed your brothers, your father’s family, who were better than you.
14So behold, the LORD is about to strike your people, your sons, your wives, and all your possessions with a serious blow.
15And day after day you yourself will suffer from a severe illness, a disease of your bowels, until it causes your bowels to come out.’”
16Then the LORD stirred against Jehoram the spirit of the Philistines and Arabs who lived near the Cushites.

2 Chronicles 21:14 warns King Jehoram of impending judgment from the LORD due to his unfaithfulness and leading of the people into sin. The context shows the severity of his actions, which have provoked divine retribution, as the verse outlines the impending consequences for his people, family, and possessions. This judgment is not only a personal consequence but also a national calamity, reflecting the seriousness of covenant unfaithfulness.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Leviticus 26:21If you walk in hostility toward Me and refuse to obey Me, I will multiply your plagues seven times, according to your sins.
2Hosea 5:11Ephraim is oppressed, crushed in judgment, for he is determined to follow worthless idols.
3Micah 6:16You have kept the statutes of Omri and all the practices of Ahab’s house; you have followed their counsel. Therefore I will make you a desolation, and your inhabitants an object of contempt; you will bear the scorn of the nations. ”
4Exodus 20:5You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on their children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate Me,

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

thy childrenExodus 20:5

The Key Word נֹגֵ֛ף, no.Gefgenerated

The Hebrew word נָגַף (nagaph) means to strike or smite, often in the context of divine judgment. It is a verb in the Qal form, indicating a direct action, and is used frequently in narratives of battle and judgment throughout the Old Testament.

In this verse, it signifies the LORD's active role in delivering a serious blow to Jehoram's people, indicating that this is a decisive act of judgment rather than a mere consequence of natural events.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb נֹגֵ֛ף (no.Gef) governs the entire clause, indicating the LORD's action. The structure emphasizes the imminent judgment with a series of noun phrases detailing the scope of the impact.

The main clause presents the subject, the LORD, followed by the action of striking, and then enumerates the affected parties, creating a clear and direct warning.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates נֹגֵ֛ף with πληγὴν (plēgēn), meaning 'a blow' or 'wound'. This choice aligns with the context of divine judgment, suggesting a focus on the impact of the strike rather than the act of striking itself.

This translation indicates a broader understanding of the consequences, emphasizing the seriousness of the impending calamity.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

2 Chronicles 21:14 warns King Jehoram that the LORD is about to bring a serious judgment on his people, sons, wives, and possessions due to his wrongdoing. This judgment signifies the consequences of leading the nation into sin, reflecting the gravity of his actions.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the LORD is about to strike?

It indicates that divine judgment is imminent, and the consequences will affect Jehoram's entire household and possessions.

Why is this judgment being pronounced?

The judgment is a direct result of Jehoram's unfaithfulness and leading the people into sin, as noted in the preceding verses.

What is the significance of the term 'great blow'?

It emphasizes the severity and comprehensive nature of the judgment, indicating that it will not be a minor consequence.

How does this relate to the concept of divine judgment in the Bible?

This reflects a common theme in the Old Testament where unfaithfulness to God results in severe consequences, often portrayed through plagues or strikes.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What actions in my life might lead to consequences similar to those faced by Jehoram?
  2. How can I ensure that I am leading others in a way that honors God?
  3. In what ways do I recognize God's warnings in my life?
  4. How can I respond to God's judgment constructively when I see it in my community?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on 2 Chronicles 21:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Behold, with a great plague will the Lord smite thy people,.... They going into the same idolatry with himself willingly, at least great part of them, and therefore deserved to be smitten, and which

Read John Gill on 2 Chronicles 21 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The Lord will smite thy people. Quest. Why the people for his sin? Answ. 1. Because the generality of them sinned in complying with his wicked and idolatrous commands through fear, . 2. Because he suffered in his people’ s destruction: for as the honour, and safety, and strength of a king lies in the multitude and prosperity of his people, ; so when they are diminished and destroyed, the king is very much weakened and endangered by it. Thy children and thy wives; whose lives shall go for the lives of thy brethren, .

Read Matthew Poole on 2 Chronicles 21 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

2 Chronicles 21:14 Behold, with a great plague will the LORD smite thy people, and thy children, and thy wives, and all thy goods:Ver. 14. Smite thy people.] Because too flexible to thy will. And thy children] For a just punishment of thy fratricide.

Read John Trapp on 2 Chronicles 21 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(14) Behold, with a great plague will the Lord smite thy people.—Literally, Behold, Jehovah is about to smite a great smiting in thy people and in thy sons. The immediate object of the verb is not expressed. (Comp. 2 Chronicles 21:18.) It was Jehoram himself who was smitten in his people, and in his sons, and in his wives, and in all his goods, as 2 Chronicles 21:17 shows. The “smiting “—i.e., heaven-sent stroke, or Divine visitation—consisted in an invasion of Philistines and Arabs, who sacked Jerusalem and the royal palace.

Read Charles John Ellicott on 2 Chronicles 21 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 14. Will the Lord smite] "The WORD of the Lord will send a great mortality." - Targum.

Read AdamClarke on 2 Chronicles 21 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

14. with a great plague will the Lord smite] R.V. the LORD will smite with a great plague (“stroke,” mg.). For “plague” cp. 2 Chronicles 6:28-29. Jehoram’s “plague” is described in 2 Chronicles 21:16-17. thy goods] R.V. thy substance (Genesis 12:5); the Heb. word includes both “goods” and “chattels” (i.e. live stock).

Read Cambridge on 2 Chronicles 21 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The fulfillment of the threat is given in 2 Chronicles 21:16-17.

Read Albert Barnes on 2 Chronicles 21 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

14. A great plague — Margin, a great stroke. It was the judgment of disastrous war, as shown in 2 Chronicles 21:16-17.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on 2 Chronicles 21 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

So behold, the LORD is about to strike your people, your sons, your wives, and all your possessions with a serious blow.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

behold, Yahweh will strike your people with a great plague, including your children, your wives, and all your possessions;

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

So behold, the LORD is about to strike your people, your sons, your wives, and all your possessions with a serious blow.

NETBNew English Translation2006

So look, the Lord is about to severely afflict your people, your sons, your wives, and all you own.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Behold, with a great plague will the LORD smite thy people, and thy children, and thy wives, and all thy goods:

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

behold, Jehovah will smite with a great plague thy people, and thy children, and thy wives, and all thy substance;

RVARevised Version, American1894

behold, the LORD will smite with a great plague thy people, and thy children, and thy wives, and all thy substance:

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Behold, with a great plague will the LORD smite thy people, and thy children, and thy wives, and all thy goods:

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Beholde, with a great plague will the Lord smite thy people, and thy children, and thy wiues, and all thy substance,

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

behold, Jehovah will smite with a great stroke thy people, and thy children, and thy wives, and all thy substance,

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

lo, Jehovah is smiting — a great smiting — among thy people, and among thy sons, and among thy wives, and among all thy goods —

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

behold, YHWH is striking [with] a great striking among your people, and among your sons, and among your wives, and among all your goods—

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Behold, the Lord will inflict a great plague on thy people, and on thy children, and on thy wives, and on all thy possessions;

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

see, Yahweh will strike with a great plague your people, your children, your wives, and all your possessions.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Behold the Lord will strike thee with a great plague, with all thy people, and thy children, and thy wives, and all thy substance.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Watch out, for the Lord is going to hit your people hard—your sons, your wives, and all that you own.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Now, truly, the Lord will send a great destruction on your people and your children and your wives and everything which is yours:

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseהִנֵּ֣הhere!clausesubjectיְהוָ֗הYahwehverbנֹגֵ֛ף[is].about.to.strikenoun phrase · objectמַגֵּפָ֥הa.blowגְדוֹלָ֖הgreatprepositional phrase · prepositionalprepositional phraseבְּonnoun phraseעַמֶּ֑peopleךָyourוּandprepositional phraseבְonnoun phraseבָנֶ֥יsonsךָyourוּandprepositional phraseבְonnoun phraseנָשֶׁ֖יwivesךָyourוּandprepositional phraseבְonnoun phraseכָלallnoun phraseרְכוּשֶֽׁpropertyךָyour

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, matching nine out of ten words. The Septuagint's structure may differ, but it conveys the same warning of impending judgment.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

הִנֵּ֣ה יְהוָ֗ה נֹגֵ֛ף מַגֵּפָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ וּבְבָנֶ֥יךָ וּבְנָשֶׁ֖יךָ וּבְכָל־ רְכוּשֶֽׁךָ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
הִנֵּ֣הἰδοὺיְהוָ֗הκύριοςמַגֵּפָ֥הπληγὴνגְדוֹלָ֖הμεγάληνבְּעַמֶּ֑ךָσουוּבְבָנֶ֥יךָσουוּבְנָשֶׁ֖יךָσουוּבְכָל־πάσῃרְכוּשֶֽׁךָ׃σου

9 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

2 Chronicles 21:14הִנֵּהhere!here!הִנֵּהיהוהYahwehYahwehיהוהנָגַף[is] about [is] about to sנָגַףמַגֵּפָהa blowa blowמַגֵּפָהגָּדוֹלgreatgreatגָּדוֹלעַםon people yon people yourעַםבֵּןand on sonsand on sons youבֵּןאִשָּׁהand on wiveand on wives yoאִשָּׁהכֹּלand on alland on allכֹּלרְכוּשׁproperty yoproperty yourרְכוּשׁנָגַףto striketo strikeנָגַףהָיָהto beto beהָיָהגָּדַלto magnifyto magnifyגָּדַלעָמַםto darkento darkenעָמַםבָּנָהto buildto buildבָּנָהכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלרָכַשׁto gatherto gatherרָכַשׁהֵןlook!look!הֵןאִישׁmanmanאִישׁאֱנוֹשׁhumanhumanאֱנוֹשׁנֶ֫גַעplagueplagueנֶ֫גַעחֲלוֹםdreamdreamחֲלוֹםנְאֻםutteranceutteranceנְאֻםצָבָאarmyarmyצָבָאמַגֵּפָהplagueplagueמַגֵּפָהאָיַבenemyenemyאָיַבעָצַרto restraito restrainעָצַרקָטָןsmallsmallקָטָן
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in 2 Chronicles 21:14

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
הִנֵּ֣הhi.Neh here! H2009 Particle
843× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is an expression that means 'behold' or 'look', often used to draw attention to something. It appears in Genesis and Isaiah, and is translated as 'behold' or 'lo' in the KJV.
Amplified meaning
look, see
Tyndale gloss
behold
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הִנֵּה (hinneh) is a Hebrew word meaning 'behold' or 'lo!' It serves as a demonstrative particle used to draw attention, appearing in contexts such as Genesis 19:2. The word is derived from a prolongation of another Hebrew term, but the entries do not provide further details on its usage beyond this.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr.part. lo!, behold!

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2009 הִנֵּה, הִנֶּה־ lo!, behold!

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2009 hinneh hin-nay'

prolongation for 2005; lo!:--behold, lo, see.

see HEBREW for 02005

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הִנֵּה (hin.neh) — behold.

behold, lo, see, if

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTj
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

her, in composition:

here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
יְהוָ֗הYah.weh Yahweh H3068 Noun proper
6,528× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
Yehovah, The covenant Name of God
Tyndale gloss
The Lord
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)

יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb

יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D

the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy

יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'

from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish

national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.

see HEBREW for 01961

see HEBREW for 03050

see HEBREW for 03069

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.

Jehovah = "the existing One"

1) the proper name of the one true God

1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.

Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.

Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpt
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
נֹגֵ֛ףno.Gef [is] about to strike H5062 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
49× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To strike or smite is the meaning of this Hebrew word, used in Joshua to describe battles and in Psalms to describe God's judgment. It can also mean to stumble or hurt someone, and is used in various contexts throughout the Bible.
Amplified meaning
smite, inflict judgment
Tyndale gloss
to strike
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word נָגַף (nagaph) is a primitive root meaning to strike or smite. It covers various actions such as to push, defeat, or inflict harm, and can also refer to stumbling. The word appears in different forms, including Qal (to strike), Niphal (to be stricken), and Hithpael (to stumble).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָגַף vb. strike, smite

Qal strike, smite

Niph. be smitten

Hithp. = stumble

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5062 נָגַף

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5062 nagaph naw-gaf'

a primitive root; to push, gore, defeat, stub (the toe),

inflict (a disease):--beat, dash, hurt, plague, slay, smite

(down), strike, stumble, X surely, put to the worse.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָגַף (na.gaph) — to strike.

1) to strike, smite

1a) (Qal) to strike, smite

1b) (Niphal) to be stricken, be smitten

1c) (Hithpael) to stumble

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
HVqrmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

strik: The verbs "to strike" and "to stroke" (latter not in English Versions) have the same derivation, and originally "strike" was the intrans, "stroke" the transitive form. "Strike" however, became used in both senses (always transitive in English Versions of the Bible), while "to stroke" took on the meaning "to, rub gently." But in the King James Version this last force still belonged sometimes to "strike" and is so found in 2Ki 5:11, "strike his hand over the place" (the Revised Version (British and American) "wave"), and perhaps Ex 12:7,22; Tobit 11:11 Otherwise AV's uses of the simple "strike" are modern, including "strike sail" (Ac 27:17; here and in /RAPC Tob 11:11 with an archaic preterite "strake," elsewhere…

here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
מַגֵּפָ֥הma.ge.Fah a blow H4046 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
26× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A plague or pestilence in the Bible often refers to a divine judgment, like the plagues God sent upon Egypt in Exodus 7-12. It can also mean a defeat or slaughter, as seen in 1 Samuel 4:10.
Tyndale gloss
plague
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַגֵּפָה (maggephah) refers to a blow or stroke, often associated with fatal outcomes such as slaughter or pestilence. It encompasses meanings related to divine judgment and defeat, indicating both physical and metaphorical impacts. The term is used in contexts of plague and slaughter, highlighting its significance in discussions of calamity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַגֵּפָה n.f. blow, slaughter, plague, pestilence

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4046 מַגֵּפָה blow, slaughter, plague, pestilence

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4046 maggephah mag-gay-faw'

from 5062; a pestilence; by analogy, defeat:--(X be)

plague(-d), slaughter, stroke.

see HEBREW for 05062

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַגֵּפָה (mag.ge.phah) — plague.

1) blow, slaughter, plague, pestilence, strike, smite

1a) blow (fatal stroke)

1b) slaughter (of battle)

1c) plague, pestilence (divine judgment)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

blo (nashaph): Used with reference to the wind (Ex 15:10; Ps 78:26; 147:18; pneo, "to breathe," Lu 12:55; Joh 3:8; Re 7:1); taqa`, with reference to trumpet sound (Nu 10:3-10; 31:6 the King James Version; Jud 7:18,20; 1Ki 1:34; 1Ch 15:24; Ps 81:3; Eze 33:3,6;

here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
גְדוֹלָ֖הge.do.Lah great H1419 Adj
526× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means something or someone great, whether in size, age, or importance. It appears in descriptions of the Great Sea and the Philistines. The word is used to convey a sense of magnitude or grandeur.
Tyndale gloss
Great (Sea)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גָּדוֹל (gadol) means 'great' and covers a wide range of meanings, including large in size, number, intensity, sound, age, and importance. It can also refer to notable individuals or even God. Additionally, it appears as a proper noun in reference to a person named in Nehemiah 11:14. The lexicons note its use in various contexts, but do not present significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גָּדוֹל 622 adj. great

in magnitude and extent

in number

in intensity

in sound, loud

in age

in importance

in phrases

cstr.

as subst. concr. do great things

† as subst. neut. greatness of arm

base

הַגְּדוֹלִים n.pr.m. father of Zabdiel Ne 11:14 (RV & so most; but 𝔊 RVm al. the great).

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1419a גָּדוֹל great . in magnitude and extent

. in number

. in intensity

. in sound, loud

. in age

. in importance

. in phrases

. cstr.

. as subst. concr. do great things

. † as subst. neut. greatness of arm

H1419b הַגְּדוֹלִים father of Zabdiel

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1419 gadowl gaw-dole'

or (shortened) gadol {gaw-dole'}; from 1431; great (in any

sense); hence, older; also insolent:--+ aloud, elder(-est), +

exceeding(-ly), + far, (man of) great (man, matter,

thing,-er,-ness), high, long, loud, mighty, more, much, noble,

proud thing, X sore, (X ) very.

see HEBREW for 01431

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גָּדוֹל (ga.dol) — great: large.

adj

1) great

1a) large (in magnitude and extent)

1b) in number

1c) in intensity

1d) loud (in sound)

1e) older (in age)

1f) in importance

1f1) important things

1f2) great, distinguished (of men)

1f3) God Himself (of God)

subst

1g) great things

1h) haughty things

1i) greatness

Also means: ga.dol (גָּדוֹל ": old" H1419K)

§ Haggedolim = "the great one"

(CLBL) Haggedolim, the great man?, father of Zabdiel

גָּדוֹל (ga.dol) — Haggedolim.

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Neh.11.14

§ Haggedolim = "the great one"

(CLBL) Haggedolim, the great man?, father of Zabdiel

גָּדוֹל (ga.dol) — Great (Sea).

adj

great

Also named: pe.lish.ti (פְּלִשְׁתִּי "(Sea of the )Philistines" H6430I)

גָּדוֹל (ga.dol) — great: old.

adj

1) great

1a) large (in magnitude and extent)

1b) in number

1c) in intensity

1d) loud (in sound)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAafsa
here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָbe.'a.Me.kha on people your H5971 Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
1,873× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A people or nation is what this Hebrew word represents, like the nation of Israel in Exodus 33:13. It can also mean a tribe, troops, or attendants, and is used to describe a group of people gathered together. The word is often used to refer to the people of God.
Amplified meaning
nation, community
Tyndale gloss
Amaw
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עַם (am) primarily means 'people' or 'nation,' referring to a collective group, often in the context of tribes such as those of Israel. It can also denote kinsmen or compatriots. The term appears in various contexts, including military and familial references. There is a mention of a specific individual named Ammi in Song of Solomon 6:12.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עַם, עָם 1810 n.m. people

a people, nation

= smaller units

= common people

people in gen., persons

phrases

base

[עַם] n.[m.] kinsman (on father's side)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5971a עַם, עָם people H5971b עַם kinsman (on father's side)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5971 `am am

from 6004; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a

tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or

attendants; figuratively, a flock:--folk, men, nation,

people.

see HEBREW for 06004

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַם (am) — people.

: people/nation

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — kinsman.

kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Ammi.

A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at Sng.6.12

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — People's (Gate).

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — (Ibleam)-am.

Combined with yiv.le.am (יִבְלְעָם "Ibleam" H2991)

§ kinsman, kindred

עַם (am) — Amaw.

This name means nation, people

עַם (am) — people: soldiers.

: soldiers/army

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

עַם (am) — people: creatures.

: creatures

1) nation, people

1a) people, nation

1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HR/Ncmsc/Sp2ms
here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
וּבְבָנֶ֥יךָu.ve.va.Nei.kha and on sons your H1121 Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
4,943× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Amplified meaning
children, descendants
Tyndale gloss
son: child
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּן 4870 n.m. son

son, male child, born of a woman

children (male and female)

youth, young men

the young of animals

of plant shoots

fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

member of a guild, order or class

of animals son of (the) herd

ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

n. relat. of age

base

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman

. children (male and female)

. youth, young men

. the young of animals

. of plant shoots

. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

. . member of a guild, order or class

. of animals son of (the) herd

. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

. n. relat. of age

H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1121 ben bane

from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the

widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,

including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,

etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)

(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,

(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,

bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X

came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of

first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +

kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)

people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +

spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous

one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

see HEBREW for 01129

see HEBREW for 01

see HEBREW for 0251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּן (ben) — son: child.

: child/son

בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;

son of: Jaaziah (H3269);

brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)

§ Beno = "his son"

the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)

בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.

: descendant, people, tribe, nation

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : child/son

בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.

: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : descendant

בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.

: rebel/son(Belial)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : people/men/nation/tribe

בֵּן (ben) — son.

: [inheriting]son/heir

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.

: warrior/son(strong)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep | N-mp | Suff — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HC/R/Ncmpc/Sp2ms
here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
וּבְנָשֶׁ֖יךָu.ve.na.Shei.kha and on wives your H802 Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
781× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for woman, used to describe a female person, wife, or animal, appears in many biblical passages, including Genesis and Exodus, and is often translated as woman, wife, or female.
Amplified meaning
women
Tyndale gloss
woman
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אִשָּׁה (ishshah) means 'woman,' 'wife,' or 'female.' It can refer to a woman in general, a wife in relation to a man, or the female of animals. The term also has distributive and reciprocal uses, indicating 'each woman' from her neighbor. The word is derived from the masculine forms אִישׁ (ish) and אִישָׁה (ishah), indicating a broad range of meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אִשָּׁה 773 n.f. woman, wife, female

woman

Wife (woman belonging to a man, usually cstr. or sf.)

Female of animals

With distrib. & recipr. sense, each woman from her neighbor; each one

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H802 אִשָּׁה woman, wife, female . woman

. Wife (woman belonging to a man, usually cstr. or sf.)

. Female of animals

. With distrib. & recipr. sense, each woman from her neighbor; each one

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

802 'ishshah ish-shaw'

feminine of 376 or 582; irregular plural, nashiym

{naw-sheem'}; a woman (used in the same wide sense as

582):--(adulter)ess, each, every, female, X many, + none,

one, + together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English.

see HEBREW for 0376

see HEBREW for 0582

see HEBREW for 0582

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman.

: woman

1) woman, wife, female

1a) woman (opposite of man)

1b) wife (woman married to a man)

1c) female (of animals)

1d) each, every (pronoun)

אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman: wife.

: wife/widow

1) woman, wife, female

1a) woman (opposite of man)

1b) wife (woman married to a man)

1c) female (of animals)

1d) each, every (pronoun)

אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman: another.

: another

1) woman, wife, female

1a) woman (opposite of man)

1b) wife (woman married to a man)

1c) female (of animals)

1d) each, every (pronoun)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep | N-fp | Suff — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HC/R/Ncmpc/Sp2ms
here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
וּבְכָל־u.ve.Khol- and on all H3605 Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Amplified meaning
everything, every possession
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep | N-ms — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/R/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
here! Yahweh [is] about to strike a blow great on people your and on sons your and on wives your and on all property your
רְכוּשֶֽׁךָ׃re.khu.She.kha property your H7399 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
28× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
It refers to property or possessions, such as livestock or goods, like the riches of King Solomon in 1 Kings.
Amplified meaning
property, goods, riches
Tyndale gloss
property
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רְכוּשׁ (rkuwsh) refers to property or goods, encompassing a general term for movable possessions, including livestock and various items like stores and utensils. The word is derived from a passive participle of another Hebrew root (H7408), indicating its connection to gathered wealth or substance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רְכוּשׁ, רְכֻשׁ n.m. property, goods

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7399 רְכוּשׁ, רְכֻשׁ property, goods

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7399 rkuwsh rek-oosh'

or rkush {rek-oosh'}; from passive participle of 7408;

property (as gathered):--good, riches, substance.

see HEBREW for 07408

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רְכוּשׁ (re.khush) — property.

1) property, goods, possessions

1a) property, goods

1a1) general term for all movable goods

1a2) of livestock

1a3) of stores, utensils, etc

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp2ms
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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