1 Peter 2:3 — Word Study
N1904εἰ ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος.
BSAifeiper you have tastedgeuō▸ [experienced, tasted spiritually, to savor, to experience] thathoti [is] goodchrēstos [gracious, kind, beneficent, full of goodness] theho [one true, supreme] Lord.kurios [Master, God]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| εἰ | if | Conditional particle |
| ἐγεύσασθε | you have tasted | Verb, aorist, middle deponent |
| ὅτι | that | Conjunction |
| χρηστὸς | [is] good | Adjective, nominative, singular |
| ὁ | the | Article, nominative, singular |
| κύριος. | Lord. | Noun, nominative, singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | now that you have tasted that the Lord is good. |
| KJV | If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious. |
| ASV | if ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious: |
| YLT | if so be ye did taste that the Lord [is] gracious, |
| WEB | if indeed you have tasted that the Lord is gracious. |
| BBE | If you have had a taste of the grace of the Lord: |
Where they part company is ἐγεύσασθε and χρηστὸς — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured around a main clause followed by a subordinate clause that provides the reason for the tasting.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectχρηστός
verbγεύομαι
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the New Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — ὁ, the commonest word in the Greek New Testament, stands 19,867 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Peter 2:3
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Instructions for Spiritual Growthgenerated
1 Peter 2:3 is part of a larger exhortation where Peter urges believers to desire spiritual growth, comparing it to newborns craving milk. He emphasizes that having tasted the goodness of the Lord should motivate them to seek more of His presence and truth, similar to how one craves food for nourishment.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 9:10 | Those who know Your name trust in You, for You, O LORD, have not forsaken those who seek You. |
| 2 | Psalm 24:8 | Who is this King of Glory? The LORD strong and mighty, the LORD mighty in battle. |
| 3 | Psalm 63:5 | My soul is satisfied as with the richest of foods; with joyful lips my mouth will praise You. |
| 4 | Song of Solomon 2:3 | |
| 5 | Zechariah 9:17 | How lovely they will be, and how beautiful! Grain will make the young men flourish, and new wine, the young women. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — ἐγεύσασθε, geuōgenerated
The verb γεύομαι is a middle deponent verb meaning 'to taste' or 'to experience.' It can refer to both the literal act of tasting food and the metaphorical sense of experiencing something, such as the goodness of the Lord. In this context, it suggests a deep, personal experience of God's kindness.
The aorist tense indicates a completed action, implying that the believers have already had this experience. This tasting is not just about physical taste but signifies a spiritual encounter with God's goodness, encouraging them to grow in their faith.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which states, 'now that you have tasted that the Lord is good.' The BSB uses 'tasted' to convey the experience of God's goodness.
The translations differ on the rendering of ἐγεύσασθε — you have tasted (BSB, DRA, WEB) versus tasted (KJV, ASV) — and on χρηστὸς — good (BSB) versus gracious (KJV, ASV). This variation highlights the nuances in understanding God's character.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb ἐγεύσασθε governs the clause, indicating the action of tasting. The phrase 'that the Lord is good' serves as a complement, explaining what has been tasted.
The structure emphasizes the relationship between the experience of tasting and the nature of the Lord, with the clause 'now that you have tasted' setting the stage for the following exhortation.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
γεύομαι appears in the Septuagint, often translating the Hebrew word טָעַם, which also means to taste. This connection emphasizes the continuity of the concept of experiencing God's goodness from the Old Testament to the New Testament.
The use of χρηστός in the LXX aligns with the Hebrew טוֹב, reinforcing the idea of God's inherent goodness and kindness throughout Scripture.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Peter 2:3 encourages believers to crave spiritual growth like newborn babies crave milk, now that they have experienced the goodness of the Lord. This verse reminds us that knowing God's goodness should lead us to seek Him more earnestly.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means to have personally experienced God's kindness and goodness in a way that transforms your understanding and relationship with Him.
You can crave spiritual milk by seeking God's Word, engaging in prayer, and participating in community with other believers to grow in your faith.
Peter uses this comparison to illustrate the natural and essential need for spiritual nourishment in order to grow and thrive in faith.
Describing the Lord as good highlights His character as kind, gracious, and beneficial, which is foundational for our trust and relationship with Him.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I personally experienced the goodness of the Lord in my life?
- How can I cultivate a deeper desire for spiritual growth like a newborn craves milk?
- What practices can I adopt to ensure I am regularly tasting and experiencing God's goodness?
- How does understanding the goodness of the Lord impact my daily life and interactions with others?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers reference this verse to discuss the nature of Christ and the experience of His goodness in the life of believers.
True knowledge, then, consists in the understanding of Christ, which Paul terms the wisdom of God hidden in a mystery, which "the natural man receiveth not," the doctrine of the cross;Early Church Fathers on 1 Peter 2 →
Everywhere we notice that the various facets of the soul are designated by outward things. Thus when our Lord is described as the true bread and his flesh as the true food,Early Church Fathers on 1 Peter 2 →
If indeed you have tasted that the Lord is good: to whom coming as to a living stone, rejected indeed by men, but chosen by God and honorable, you also, as living stones, are being built up a spiritual house, a holy priesthood,Early Church Fathers on 1 Peter 2 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Peter 2:3 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleIf so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious. Reference is had to Psalms 34:8, "O taste and see that the Lord is good"; and the Syriac version here adds, "if ye have seen": by the Lord is meant,
Read John Gill on 1 Peter 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryIf so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious. Peter alludes to Psalms 34:8 The first tastes of God's goodness are afterward followed by fuller experiences A Peter alludes to Psalms 34:8.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Peter 2 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleIf so be; this doth not imply a doubting, but a supposition, as was before observed, . Ye have tasted; not lightly tasted by a bare ineffectual knowledge, as ; but experienced and perceived by the taste of your spiritual palate; your spiritual sense, and ability to judge of spiritual things, being restored to you, with your new birth. He refers to , and possibly to . The Lord; the Lord Jesus Christ, as appears by the next verse. Is gracious; good, kind, or rather, sweet: the same word is applied to wine, . The sense of the whole is: If ye have by faith received the gospel as glad tidings, and worthy of all acceptation, , and therein perceived and experienced the sweetness of those…
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Peter 2 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments3 If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious. Ver. 3. If so be ye have tasted] As babes taste the milk they take down, Isaiah 66:11. We are bidden to suck and be satisfied with the breasts of consolation, to press and oppress the promises, till we have expressed, and even wrung the sweetness out of them. This will make us even sick of love; our sleep will be pleasant unto us, and our hearts filled with gladness. The saints taste how good the Lord is, and thence they so long after him. Optima demonstratio est a sensibus, as he that feels fire hot, and that tastes honey sweet, can best say it is so.
Read John Trapp on 1 Peter 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(3) If so be ye have tasted.—The “if so be,” as elsewhere (2 Thessalonians 1:6, Note), constitutes a strong appeal to the readers to say whether it were not so. St. Peter confidently reckons that it is so. It should rather be ye tasted, looking back to a quite past time, probably that of the first conversion, when the taste of spiritual things is the most delicious. How sad to be past the relish for evangelical truth! The quotation, or rather adaptation, from Psalms 34:8 is, no doubt, suggested by the metaphor of “milk.” A curious little point about our translation here is that the word “gracious” has been adopted to suit the Prayer Book version of the Psalm. It is scarcely suitable to the…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Peter 2 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 3. If so be ye have tasted] ειπερεγευσασθε. Seeing ye have tasted. There could be no doubt that they had tasted the goodness of Christ who were born again, of incorruptible seed, and whose hearts were purified by the truth, and who had like precious faith with the apostles themselves. That the Lord is gracious.] οτιχρηστοςοκυριος. From the similarity of the letters, many MSS. and several of the fathers have read, χριστοςοκυριος, the Lord is Christ, or Christ is the Lord. This seems to refer to Psalms 34:8: O taste and see that the Lord is good; γευσασθεκαιιδετεοτιχρηστοςοκυριος, Sept. And there is still a reference to the sucking child that, having once tasted its mother's milk, ever…
Read AdamClarke on 1 Peter 2 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges3. if so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious] Better, if ye tasted, as referring more definitely to the experiences of the first period of their life as Christians. The word “tasted” as applied to those experiences follows naturally, as in Hebrews 6:4, on the imagery of the milk. The Greek word for “gracious” itself carries on the metaphor of the tasting, being applied in Luke 5:39 to express the mellowness of wine ripened by age. The words are a quotation from Psalms 34:8 as it stands in the LXX. version. We can scarcely doubt that the Apostle saw in the Master he had owned in Christ the “Lord” of whom the Psalmist spoke. It is possible that he may have been led to choose the…
Read Cambridge on 1 Peter 2 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleIf so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious - Or rather, as Doddridge renders it, “Since you have tasted that the Lord is gracious.” The apostle did not mean to express any doubt on the
Read Albert Barnes on 1 Peter 2 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
now that you have tasted that the Lord is good.
if indeed you have tasted that the Lord is gracious.
if indeed you have tasted that the Lord is good.
if you have experienced the Lord’s kindness.
Tyndale line
If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious.
if ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious:
if ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious:
If indeed ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious.
Because yee haue tasted that the Lord is bountifull.
Strictly literal
if indeed ye have tasted that the Lord [is] good.
if so be ye did taste that the Lord [is] gracious,
if [it] so be [that] you tasted that the LORD [is] good,
if you have tasted that the Lord is kind.
From the Latin
If so be you have tasted that the Lord is sweet.
Simplified
now you've tasted how good the Lord really is.
If you have had a taste of the grace of the Lord:
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the Nestle 1904 treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The earliest translations — Latin and Syriac
Every translation is an argument about meaning made by someone who had to commit to one. These two were made while the Greek was still a living language, and they are the oldest opinions we have about what this verse says.
si tamen gustastis quoniam dulcis est Dominus.
Jerome revised the Old Latin against the Greek from AD 382; the Latin west read this text for a thousand years.
ܐܢ ܛܥܡܬܘܢ ܘܚܙܝܬܘܢ ܕܛܒ ܗܘ ܡܪܝܐ
The Bible of the Syriac-speaking church, in the language nearest to the Aramaic Jesus spoke.
Shown verse by verse rather than word by word: aligning a Greek word to its Latin or Syriac counterpart automatically would be guesswork, and a wrong alignment is worse than none.
The Greek editions compared — what the manuscripts actually say
Eight printed editions of the Greek New Testament, side by side. Where they agree the wording is settled; where a word is missing from an edition it is marked, so you can see the difference rather than take it on trust.
εἰ ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος.
The standard critical text of the New Testament.
εἰ ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος.
The previous edition, still widely cited.
εἰ ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος.
The Society of Biblical Literature edition, freely licensed.
εἰ ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος.
The edition that turned scholarship toward the earliest manuscripts.
εἰ ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος.
An independent critical text built from the oldest witnesses then known.
εἰ ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος.
A recent critical edition following documentary evidence closely.
— ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος.
The reading of the majority of surviving manuscripts.
— ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος.
The printed tradition behind the King James Version.
A witness that read differently would show its variant word here, marked.
Word by word, across the editions
| Word | Editions carrying it | Missing from |
|---|---|---|
| εἰ if | NA28, NA27, Tyn, SBL, WH, Treg | TR, Byz |
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Greek New Testament — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Peter 2:3
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Greek lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. Imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, the full Liddell-Scott-Jones, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate LSJ, Robinson and Packard on the Greek, Webster and Cawdrey on the English the translators were using. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Greek word εἰ, transliterated as ei, is a primary conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'whether.' It is used in various contexts, including conditions, indirect questions, and expressions of wishes. In the New Testament, it appears frequently, often followed by different verb tenses to indicate various conditions. The lexicons do not present significant disagreement on its usage.
εἰ,
conjunctive particle, used in conditions and in indirect questions.
Conditional, if;
c. indic., expressing a general assumption;
εἰ 109 εἰ WH, s0 Trin Mt. xii. 41; Ὀζείας L T Tr WH; Πειλᾶτος T WH; Σεμεείν T Tr WH; Ταβειθά WH; Χερουβείν 1, T Tr WH (-βίμ RG); Χοραζείν T Tr WH; ἀφείδεια L; εἰδέα T Tr WH; ἐπαρχεία T WH; ἐπιπόθεια WH; ἡλεί T ; πανοικεί TWH; ῥαββεί T WH; ῥαββουνεί WH; σαβαχθανεί Tr WH; ταλειθά WH; τάχειον WH; τραπεζείτης T WH.| el, is first a conditional particle, ἐγ (Lat. si) ; secondly, an interrogative particle, whether, (Lat. an, num, ne). I. εἰ CoNDITIONAL (on the difference between it and ἐάν, see ἐάν, I. 1 b.) is connected, according to the variety of conditions, with various tenses and moods; viz. ἘΣ with the Indicative of all tenses, when anything is simply and generally assumed to be, or to be done, or to have been done, or to be about to be, (W. § 41 b., 2; ef. 42, 2; [Β. 220(190)]). a. withthe Ind. Present; a. foll. in the apodosis by the ind. pres.: Mt. xix. 10 (εἰ οὕτως ἐστὶν ἡ αἰτία...…
Read the full entry →ΕἸ , J ἐκπλησσω γὰρ τὸ ἀγαθὸν τοῦ ἀστέρος καὶ εἰς τὸ ἐναντίον ἐκπίπτει. See also Michel 827 A (mid. 11,8.0.) τό τε νόμισμα τὸ ἐκπεπτωκὸς ἀριθμῶι, of coins that have fallen out of use. The verb is not infrequent with reference to crops that “fall to be included”’ in the produce of a particular year, eg. BGU II. 5915" (A.p. 56-7) βουλόμεθα μισθώσασθαι τοὺς ἐκπεπτωκότας εἰς τὸ τρίτον ἔτος Νέρωνος. . . φοινεικίνους καρπούς, P Fay ο115 (A.p. 99) ἐϊλαϊκοὺς καρποὺς ἐκπεππτωκότας (/. ἐκπεπτωκ --Ἰ εἰς τὸ ἐνεστὸ(ς) τρίτον ἔτος. Cf. P Hib I. γ810 (B.c. 244--3) a letter requesting that two persons should be released from some public service—81a τὸ μὴ ἐκπεσίεῖν αὐτοῖς τὸ viv λειτουργῆσαι, ‘because it is not at present their turn to serve,’’ where the editors point out that éxmec[et]v, which has been corrected in the papyrus, is practically equivalent to προσπέσηι in 1.4 of the same document. For the…
Read the full entry →εἰ (ei) — if.
εἰ,
Attic dialect-Ionic dialect and [Refs 4th c.AD+] ἤ [Refs] in Epic dialect:— Particle used interjectionally with imperative and to express a wish, but usually either in conditions, if, or in indirect questions, whether. In the former use its regular negative is μ; in the latter, οὐ.
__A INTERJECTIONALLY, in [Refs 8th c.BC+], come now! with imperative, εἰ δὲ.. ἄκουσον [Refs 8th c.BC+]
__A.2 in wishes, with optative, ἀλλ᾽ εἴ τις.. καλέσειεν [Refs]; so later, εἴ μοι ξυνείη μοῖρα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; of unattained wishes, in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; later with past tenses of indicative, εἰ γάρ μ᾽ ὑπὸ γῆν.. ἧκεν [Refs 4th c.BC+]; εἰ γὰρ τοσαύτην δύναμιν εἶχον ὥστε.. [Refs 8th c.BC+]infinitive (compare the use of infinitive in commands), αἰ γὰρ τοῖος ἐὼν.. ἐμὸς γαμβρὸς καλέεσθαι…
εἰ
ei
a primary particle of conditionality; if, whether, that,
etc.:--forasmuch as, if, that, (al-)though, whether. Often used in
connection or composition with other particles, especially as in 1489,
1490, 1499, 1508, 1509, 1512, 1513, 1536, 1537. See also 1437.
see GREEK for 1489
see GREEK for 1490
see GREEK for 1499
see GREEK for 1508
see GREEK for 1509
see GREEK for 1512
see GREEK for 1513
see GREEK for 1536
see GREEK for 1537
see GREEK for 1437
εἰ
Cond.
if
εἰ ei 502x
if, Mt. 4:3, 6; 12:7; Acts 27:39, freq.; since, Acts 4:9; whether, Mk. 9:23; Acts 17:11; that, in certain expressions, Acts 26:8, 23; Heb. 7:15; by a suppression of the apodosis of a sentence, εἰ serves to express a wish; O if! O that! Lk. 19:42; 22:42; also a strong negation, Mk. 8:12; Heb. 3:11; 4:3; εἰ καί, if even, though, although,
COND — Conditional particleconditional particle — it marks the clause as a condition.
COND CONDitional particle or conjunction
522 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 12 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 501 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
Counted over the 307 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
The Greek verb γεύομαι (i.e., *geuomai*) means 'to taste' or 'to experience.' It can refer to both the literal act of tasting food and the metaphorical sense of experiencing something, whether good or bad. In the New Testament, it appears in various contexts, such as tasting food (Acts 10:10) and experiencing death (Hebrews 2:9). The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
γεύω,
[in LXX chiefly for טעם;]
to make to taste. Mid., to taste eat: absol., Ac 10:10 20:11, Col 2:21; c. gen., Mt 27:34, Lk 14:24, Ac 23:14; c. acc. (not cl., but v. Westc, Heb., 2:9; M, Pr., 66, 245), Jo 2:9. Metaph., He 6:4; ῥῆμα θεοῦ, He 6:5 (on case, v. supr., and cf. Milligan, NTD, 68) θανάτου (cf. Talmudic טַעַם מִיתָה), Mt 16:28, Mk 9:1, Lk…
Read the full entry →γεύω: [οἵ. Lat. gusto, Germ. kosten; Curtius § 131]; to cause to taste, to give one a taste of, τινά (Gen. xxv. 30). In the N. T. only Mid. γεύομαι : fut. γεύσομαι ; 1 aor. ἐγευσάμην; 1. (0 taste, try the flavor of: Mt. xxvii. 34; contrary to better Grk. usage (ef. W. § 30, 7c. [and p. 36; Antuol. Pal. 6, 120]) with ace. of the obj.: Jn. ii.9. 2. to taste, i.e. perceive the flavor of, partake of, enjoy: τινος, Lk. xiv. 24 (yevoerai μου τοῦ δείπνου, i. e. shall paryh take of my banquet); hence, as in Grk. writ. fr. Hom. down, i. q. to feel, make trial of, experience: twos, Heb. vi. 4; ῥῆμα θεοῦ, ib. 5, (τῆς γνώσεως, Clem. Rom. 1 Cor. 36,2). asin Chald., Syr. and Rabbin. writers, γεύεσθαι tov θανάτου [W. 33 (32)]: Mt. xvi. 28; Mk. ix. 1; Lk. ix. 27; Jn. viii. 52; Heb. ii. 9; [ef. Wetstein on Mt. 1. c.; Meyer on Jn. 1. c.; Bleek, Liinem., Alf. on Heb. 1. e.]. foll. by ὅτι: 1 Pet. ii. 3…
Read the full entry →γεύομαι. For y. with genitive, cf. the standing formula in the ἀφο ὶ of the Decian persecution (A.D. 250) τῶν ἱερῶν ἐγευσάμην, e. g. P Oxy IV. 65812 (= Selections, p. 116). With the acc., as in Jn 2° and in the LXX fairly often, it may be cited from Prezsigke 1106 (Ptolemaic), where sundry officials καὶ οἱ συμπόσιον γευόμενοι join in a complimentary monument to their entertainer. See Abbott, Joh. Gr. p. 76f. ; and on the change of construction in Heb 64! see Milligan Documents, p. 68. The verb is used absolutely (as in Ac 10!) in Preisrgke 1944 (inscr. on a cup—Roman age) ἐκ τούτου ἐγευσάμην. The verbal occurs, negatived, in P Giss I. 1013 (1i/A.D.) ἄ[γ]ευστος ἐκοιμώμην, ‘I was going to bed without bite or sup.” The noun from a compound may be observed in a small undated fragment, CPHerm 27 προσγεύσεως τί . «0: ἀρτοκόπῳ appears just below. MGr has γεύομαι esten tes still, = ‘‘…
Read the full entry →γεύω (geuō) — to taste.
γεύω,
future γεύσω [Refs 4th c.BC+]: aorist ἔγευσα [Refs 5th c.BC+]: —middle, future γεύσομαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]: aorist ἐγευσάμην [Refs]; γεύσεται, -σόμεθα, Epic dialect for -ηται, -ώμεθα, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: 3rd.pers. plural optative γευσαίατο [Refs 5th c.BC+]: perfect γέγευμαι [Refs 4th c.BC+]: pluperfect ἐγέγευντο [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—give a taste of, γλυκὺν γεύσας τὸν αἰῶνα [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II. middle, γεύομαι, with perfect and pluperfect passive, taste, with genitive, προικὸς γεύσεσθαι Ἀχαιῶν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀλλήλων ἐγέγευντο they had tasted, eaten of.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. take food, [NT+5th c.BC+]; dine, PLond. unpublished[Refs 4th c.AD+]
γεύομαι
geuomai
a primary verb; to taste; by implication, to eat; figuratively, to
experience (good or ill):--eat, taste.
γεύομαι
v.
I taste, experience
γεύομαι geuomai 15x
to taste, Mt. 27:34; Jn. 2:9; absol. to take food, Acts 10:10, et al.; met. to have perception of, experience, Heb. 6:4, 5; 1 Pet. 2:3; θανάτου γεύεσθαι, to experience death, to die, Mt. 16:28, et al.
Verb-ADI-2P — Verb · aorist · middle deponent · indicative · second person · pluralaorist middle deponent indicative — a completed action, viewed as a whole.
V-ADI-2P Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Aorist Voice: middle Deponent Mood: Indicative Person: second Number: Plural
15 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 11 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 15 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 8 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
ᾠήθη γὰρ αὑτοῦ πάντ’ εἶναι κτήματα, ὅσα εἶδεν, ὧν ἤκουσεν, ὧν ἐγεύσατο, ὧν ὠσφρήσατο, ὧν ἥψατο, καὶ πάντων ὑπέλαβεν εὑρετὴν καὶ
οἰόμενος δὲ συμφορᾷ περιπεσεῖσθαι παρακούσαντας ἀναπείθει κακοήθως τὴν γυναῖκα γεύσασθαι τοῦ φυτοῦ τῆς φρονήσεως ἐν αὐτῷ λέγων εἶναι τήν τε τἀγαθοῦ καὶ τοῦ κακοῦ διάγνωσιν, ἧς γενομένης αὐτοῖς μακάριον καὶ μηδὲν ἀπολείποντα τοῦ θείου διάξειν βίον.
διὰ τούτου ἀτενίζομεν εἰς τὰ ὕψη τῶν οὐρανῶν, διὰ τούτου ἐνοπτριζόμεθα τὴν ἄμωμον καὶ ὑπερτάτην ὄψιν αὐτοῦ, διὰ τούτου ἠνεῴχθησαν ἡμῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ τῆς καρδίας, διὰ τούτου ἡ ἀσύνετος καὶ ἐσκοτωμένη διάνοια ἡμῶν ἀναθάλλει εἰς τὸ φῶς, διὰ τούτου…
τὰ κελευσθέντα ὑπὸ τῆς θείας κρίσεως καὶ νῦν ἐνώπιον ὑμῶν θύων καὶ σπένδων καὶ γευσάμενος τῶν ἱερείων ἅμα Ταῶτι γυναικὶ καὶ Ἀμμωνίῳ καὶ Ἀμμωνιανῷ υἱοῖς καὶ Θέκλᾳ θυγατρὶ διʼ
ὑμᾶς θύοντας καὶ γευομένους. Μάρκος Αὐρήλιος Σεσονγῶσις καὶ ὡς χρηματίζω εἶδον ὑμᾶς θύοντας καὶ γευσαμένους τῶν ἱερείων.
Ὡρίων Δίῳ χαίρειν. τῶι ἀναδιδόντι σοι ταῦτά μου τὰ γράμματα ποίησον αὐτὸν γεύσασθαι τοῦ οἴνου. ἔτους δ Θὼθ ιβ.
The Greek word ὅτι (hoti) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that' or 'because.' It introduces objective clauses, often following verbs of perception or declaration, and can also serve as a causal particle. The New Testament frequently employs it in this way, such as in Matthew 5:4-12. There is some variation in how lexicons describe its usage, particularly regarding its pleonastic function in direct discourse.
ὅτι [properly neut. of ὅστις], a conjunction [fr. Hom. down], (Lat. quod [ef. W. § 53,8 b.; B. § 139, 51; § 149, 87), marking I. the substance or contents (of a statement), that; 1. joined to verbs of saying and declaring (where the ace. and infin. is used in Lat.) : ἀναγγέλλειν, Acts xiv. 27; διηγεῖσθαι, Acts ix. 273; εἰπεῖν, Mt. xvi. 20; xxviii. 7,13; Jn. vii. 42; xvi. 15; 1Co.i.15; λέγειν, Mt. iii. 9; vill. 11; Mk. iii. 28; Lk. xv.7; Jn. xvi. 20; Ro. iv. 9 [T Tr WH om. L br. ὅτι}; ix. 2, and very often; προεἰρηκέναι, 2 Co. vii. 3; before the ὅτι in Acts xiv. 22 supply λέγοντες, contained in the preceding παρακαλοῦντες [ef. B. §151, 11]; ὅτι after γράφειν, 1 Co. ix.10; 1 Jn. 11. 12-14; μαρτυρεῖν, Mt. xxiii. 31; Jn. i. 34; iii. 28; iv. 44; ὁμολογεῖν, Heb. xi. 13; δεικνύειν, Mt. xvi. 21; δηλοῦν, 1 Co. i. 11; διδάσκειν, 1 Co. xi. 14. after ἐμφανίζειν. Heb. xi. 14; δῆλον (ἐστίν), 1 Co.…
Read the full entry →οτι. (1) For ὅτι, ‘‘that,” introducing an objective clause after verbs of knowing, saying, etc., cf. P Tebt II. 4098 (A.D. 5) εἰδὼ[ς ὅ]τι ἐξίι)ουσίαν αὐτῶν ἔχει kal Λυσίμαχος kal σύ, ΚΕ knew that both you and Lysimachus had plenty of them” (Edd.), P Fay 109° (early i/A.D.) νομίσας ὅτι (cf. Mt 517) κιχρᾷς por αὐτούς, ““ consider that you are lending them (sc. staters) to me’’ (Edd.), BGU III. 8464* (ii/a.p.) (= Selections, p. 93) γεινώσκειν σαι θέλω, ὅτι οὐχ [HA] Lov, ὅτι ἀναβένις (1. ἀναβαίνεις) els τὴν μητρόπολιν, “1 wish you to know that I had no hope that you were coming up to the metropolis,” 74.9 αἴγραψά σοι, ὅτι γυμνός εἰμει, “1 wrote you that I am naked,” and P Tebt II. 420+ (iii/A.D.) οἴδατε ὅτι ἀπὸ ζημίας ἠμί, ‘‘ You know that I am blameless.” Ὅτι, however, is frequently omitted, e.g. BGU IIL. 8153(ii/a.p.) γεινόσκιν σε θέλω [τὴ]ν ἐπιστολήν σου ἔλαβε (corrected by another hand…
Read the full entry →ὅτι (hoti) — that/since: that.
ὅτῐ,
Epic dialect ὅττῐ (both in [Refs 8th c.BC+]: conjunction, to introduce an objective clause, that, after Verbs of seeing or knowing, thinking or saying; in [Refs 8th c.BC+] —Usage:
I. when ὅτι introduces a statement of fact:
I. a in [Refs 8th c.BC+] always with indicative, the tense following the same rules as in English, ἤγγειλ᾽ ὅττι ῥά οἱ πόσις ἔκτοθι μίμνε πυλάων [Refs 8th c.BC+]
I. b in Attic dialect, ὅτι takes indicative after primary tenses, indicative or optative after secondary tenses, e.g. ἐνδείκνυμαι ὅτι οὐκ ἔστι σοφός [Refs 5th c.BC+] news came that Megara had (literal has) revolted, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: sometimes optative and indicative are found in the same sentence, ἔλεγον, ὅτι Κῦρος μὲν τέθνηκεν, Ἀριαῖος δὲ πεφευγὼς.. εἴη [Refs 5th c.BC+].. and the accusative with infinitive…
ὅτι
hoti
neuter of 3748 as conjunction; demonstrative, that (sometimes
redundant); causative, because:--as concerning that, as though,
because (that), for (that), how (that), (in) that, though, why.
see GREEK for 3748
ὅτι
Cj.
that, since, because
Conj — Conjunctionconjunction — it joins clauses, and never changes form.
CONJ CONJunction or conjunctive particle
1,329 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 8 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 1,293 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
2 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
Μωυσῆς δὲ καὶ φιλοσοφίας ἐπ’ αὐτὴν φθάσας ἀκρότητα καὶ χρησμοῖς τὰ πολλὰ καὶ συνεκτικώτατα τῶν τῆς φύσεως ἀναδιδαχθεὶς ἔγνω δή, ὅτι ἀναγκαιότατόν ἐστιν ἐν τοῖς οὖσι τὸ μὲν εἶναι δραστήριον αἴτιον, τὸ δὲ παθητόν, καὶ ὅτι τὸ μὲν δραστήριον ὁ τῶν ὅλων…
ὅτι τῶν ἐθνῶν ἕκαστον ἀπὸ τῶν οἰκισάντων προσηγορεύθη.
ὅτι ἀληθῶς βλέπω ἐν ὑμῖν ἐκκεχυμένον ἀπὸ τοῦ πλουσίου τῆς πηγῆς κυρίου πνεῦμα ἐφ̓ ὑμᾶς.
καὶ τὴν εἰκοστὴν τοῦ ἐγκυκλίου καὶ τὰ ἄλλα τὰ καθήκοντα. … ται Προῖτος, καθʼ ὅτι πρόκειται … ἑξήκοντα ἓξ τετρωβόλου καὶ τῆς … … τοπογραμματέως τοῦ Παθυρίτου … ἀρουρῶν
ι τοῖς ἐνκαλουμένοις τὸ ἀντίγραφον τῆς ἐντεύξεως λαβεῖν παρ … τ … … πίστιν ὅτι ἀπαντησα … ἐπὶ τὸ ἐν τῆι αὐλῆι κριτήριον ἐν ἡμέραις λ οὐκ ο
δʼ ἐπιχειροῦντας μὴ ὑπακούειν σου … υτέραι στάσει ἐχομένους ἀσφαλισάμενος μέχρι τοῦ καὶ ἡμᾶς ὅτι τάχος ἐπιβαλεῖν πρὸς σέ. ἔρρωσοἔρρωσο ἔτους κϛ Φαμενὼθ ιϛ
The Greek word χρηστός (i.e., *chrestos*) is built from the verb χράομαι and conveys meanings related to being useful, good, or kind. It applies to things that are pleasant or serviceable, as well as to people who are gracious or virtuous. In the New Testament, it appears in contexts emphasizing kindness and moral goodness, such as in Ephesians 4:32 and Romans 2:4.
χρηστός, -ή, -όν
(< χράομαι),
[in LXX chiefly for טוֹב (freq. of God: Ps 24 (25):8, al.), also for יָקָר (Ez 27:22 28:13), יָשָׁר (Pr 2:21 א A) ;]
serviceable, good;
of things, good, pleasant: of food (as often in cl.), οἶνος, Lk 5:39; ζυγός, Mt 11:30 (EV, easy); in ethical sense, ἤθη, I Co 15:33;
χρηστός, -7, -dv, (χράομαι), fr. Hdt. down, Sept. for 370; 1. prop. fit for use, useful; virtuous, good: ἤθη χρηστά, 1 Co. xv. 33 ([Treg. χρῆστα (but ef. B. 11)], see ἦθος, 3). 2. manageable, i. 6. mild, pleasant, (opp. to harsh, hard, sharp, bitter): of things, χρηστότερος οἶνος, pleasanter, Lk. v. 39 [here TTr txt. χρηστός ; so WII in br.] (of wine also in Plut. mor. p. 240 d. [i.e. Lacaen. apophtheg. (Gorg. 2); p. 1073 a. (i. e. de com. notit. 28)]; of food and drink, Plat. de rep. 4 p. 438 a.; σῦκα, Sept. Jer. xxiv. 8, 5); 6 ζυγός (opp. to burdensome), Mt. xi. 30 [A. V. easy]; of persons, kind, benevolent: of God, 1 Pet. ii. 8 ΓΑ. V. gracious] fr. Ps. xxxiii. (xxxiv.) χρηστότης 9; τὸ χρηστὸν τοῦ θεοῦ i. η. ἡ χρηστότης [W. § 34, 2], Ro. ii. 4; of men, εἴς τινα towards one, Eph. iv. 32; ἐπί τινα, Lk. vi. 35 [here of God; in both pass. A. V.…
Read the full entry →χρηστός, **virtuous,’” excellent,” as in 1 Cor 1538, is well illustrated by P Oxy III. 642 (ii/A.D.) ἀπολαύσωμεν τῷ χρηστῷ ὑμῶν ἤθει, 72. XIV. 1663" (ii/iii A.D.) διὰ τὸ ἦθος τὸ χρηστόν, ‘on account of his excellent character,”’ and 26. VII. 10701° (iii/a.D.), a pompous letter from a man to his wife in which he speaks of τῶν χρηστῶν ἐλπίδων τῶν ἐν ἀνθρώποισι νε[[σ]]νομισμένων, ‘‘the good hopes that are held by mankind”’ (Ed.). See also the citation from the Avircius inscr. σοῦ, πατρίς. The thought of ‘‘gracious,’”’ as in Lk 6535, appears in P Leid W*-?5 (ii/iii A.D.) (=I. p. 103) κλῦτί μοι (Δ κλῦθί μοι), ὃ χρηστὸς ἐν βαζάνοις (/. Bac-), βοήθησον ἐν ἀνάγκαις, and in such ἃ προσκύνημα as Predsigke 1581 ᾿Ανδρόμαχος.. ἀφίκετο πρὸς ᾿Αμενώθην χρηστὸν θεὸν... Kal ὁ θεὸς αὐτῶι ἐβοήθησε. Note also the common use of the adj. as ἃ descriptive epithet in sepulchral inscrr., e.g. Prezsighke 94 dupe…
Read the full entry →χρηστός (chrēstos) — good/kind.
χρηστός, ή, όν,
(χράομαι) of things, like{χρήσιμος}, useful, good of its kind, serviceable, [τόξα] χρηστὰ οὐδέν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; [γῆ] [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἰκία, opposed to μοχθηρά, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ χ. μέλιττα, opposed to οἱ κηφῆνες, [Refs 4th c.BC+]: frequently of wholesome food, μελίτωμα [Refs]; ποτόν, σῖτος, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with genitive, for a thing, νεύρων for the sinews, [Refs 4th c.BC+] (but pleasant to taste, nice, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of victims and omens, auspicious, ἱρά, σφάγια, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τελευτὴ χ. a happy end or issue, [Refs]: plural, τὰ χ., as substantive, benefits, kindnesses, [Refs]; χρηστόν τι συμβουλεύειν, χρηστὰ ἐπιτηδεύειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; χρηστὰ λέγειν, πράττειν, etc., [Refs 4th c.BC+] also, happy event, ἐκτελοῖτο δὴ τὰ χ. [Refs 4th c.BC+]; prosperity, success, τὰ χ. δ᾽ αὔθ᾽ ἕκαστ᾽ ἔχει φίλους [Refs 5th…
Read the full entry →χρηστός
chrestos
from 5530; employed, i.e. (by implication) useful (in manner or
morals):--better, easy, good(-ness), gracious, kind.
see GREEK for 5530
χρηστός, ή, όν
Adj
useful, gentle, pleasant, kind
χρηστός chrēstos 7x
useful, profitable; good, agreeable, Lk. 5:39; easy, as a yoke, Mt. 11:30; gentle, benign, kind, obliging, gracious, Lk. 6:35; Eph. 4:32; Rom. 2:4; 1 Pet. 2:3; good in character, disposition, etc., virtuous, 1 Cor. 15:33*
χρηστός χρηστός, ή, όν verb. adj. of χράομαι like χρήσιμος useful, good of its kind, serviceable, τινι Hdt., Eur.; of victims and omens, boding good, auspicious, Hdt.; τελευτὴ χρηστή a happy end or issue, id. Hdt.:— τὰ χρηστά, as Subst., good services, benefits, kindnesses, id. Hdt.; χρηστὰ συμβουλεύειν Ar.
in moral sense, good, opp. to μοχθηρός, Plat.; τὸ χρηστόν, opp. to τὸ αἰσχρόν, Soph.
of men, good, a good man and true; generally, good, honest, worthy, trusty, Hdt., Soph., etc.;—also like χρήσιμος, of good citizens, useful, deserving, Ar., Thuc., etc.
οἱ χρηστοί, like οἱ ἀγαθοί, Lat. optimates, Xen.
of the gods, kind, propitious, Hdt.
good, mild, kind, kindly, NTest.:—in bad sense, simple, silly, like εὐήθης, Ar., Plat.; ὦ χρηστέ Dem.
Adj-NSM — Adjective · nominative · singular · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
A-NSM Part of Speech: Adjective Case: Nominative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
good (Tobh, Tubh, yaTabh; agathos, agathon, kalos, kalon): In English "good" is used in various senses, most of which are represented in the Bible.
(1) In the Old Testament the commonest word is Tobh, occurring very frequently and translated in a great variety of ways. Of the different shades of meaning, which frequently run into each other, the following may be distinguished:
(a) Possessing desirable qualities, beneficial, agreeable, e.g. "good for food" (Ge 2:9); "We will do thee good" (Nu 10:29); Who will show us any good?" (Ps 4:6); "good tidings of good" (Isa 52:7).
7 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 4 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 7 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 20 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
οὐκ ἂν δὲ ἔφθασεν, εἰ μὴ ὁ καλῶν χρηστὸς ἦν.
ὡς ὅσα καὶ μέτριος ἐδόκει πρότερον διὰ τὸν ἐκ σοῦ φόβον ἠρέμει καὶ οὐχὶ φύσει χρηστὸς ἦν.
γέγραπται γάρ: Χρηστοὶ ἔσονται οἰκήτορες γῆς, ἄκακοι δὲ ὑπολειφθήσονται ἐπ αὐτῆς: οἱ δὲ παρανομοῦντες ἐξολεθρευθήσονται ἀπ̓ αὐτῆς.
πάντας. ἐὰν δέ σοι ἐμπέσῃ ὀψαρίδιν σιναπηρόν, ἀγόρασον καὶ ταρίχευσον ἡμῖν ἐάν τι ποιῇς χρηστόν, περιποίησον εἰς οἶκον ἀδελφῶν. τὰ δʼ ἄλλα ἔρρωσο. ἔτους ιγ Τιβερίου Καίσαρος Σεβαστοῦ, Ἐπεὶφ
ἡμῶν Αὐρηλιανοῦ Σεβαστοῦ τύχην παρέξειν ἡμερησίως ἐν ᾧ ἔχω ἐργαστηρίῳ ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς ἔλαιον χρηστὸν πρὸς διάπρασιν καὶ ὑπηρεσίαν τῆς πόλεως εἰς τὸ μηδεμίαν ἐνέδραν ἐπακολουθεῖν, ἢ ἔνοχος εἴην
χαίρειν. προσειπεῖν σε ἀναγκαῖον τὸν τῆς τῶν Ἑλλήνων σοφίας προστάτην καὶ ἡμῖν ἡδὺν καὶ χρηστόν· θεῶν δὲ ἔργον παρασχέσθαι τὰς ἀφορμάς. ηὐτύχηται γοῦν μοι τὸ τυχεῖν τοῦ ἀρίστου τῶν
The definite article — the commonest word in the Greek New Testament at 19,867 occurrences. Greek uses it more freely than English does and can drop it deliberately, so its presence and its absence both carry weight for a translator; but no single occurrence carries a message of its own. Here it simply gathers “the things” into one definite bundle.
ὁ, ἡ, τό,
the prepositive article (ἄρθρον προτακτικόν), originally a demonstr. pron. (so usually in Hom.), in general corresponding to the Eng. definite article.
As demonstr. pron.
As freq. in Hom., absol., he (she, it), his (etc.): Ac 17:28 (quoted from the poet Aratus).
ὁ 435 ὁ tives of quantity, ὅλος, πᾶς, πολύς, see each in its own place. d. What has been said concerning adjectives holds true also of all other limitations added to substantives, as ἡ κατ᾽ ἐκλογὴν πρόθεσις, Ro. ix. 11; ἡ παρ᾽ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη, Ro. xi. 27; 6 λόγος 6 τοῦ σταυροῦ, 1 Co. i. 18; ἡ εἰς Χριστὸν πίστις, Col. ii. 5; on the other hand, ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν ἡ πρὸς τὸν θεόν, 1 Th. i. 8; τῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους, 2 Co. viii. 4; see many other exx. of each usage in W. 131 (124) sqq.; [B. 91 (80) sqq.]. e. The noun has the article before it when a demonstrative pronoun (υὗτος, ἐκεῖνος) belonging to it either precedes or follows [W. § 18, 4; B. § 127, 29-31]; as, ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος, Jn. ix. 24 [οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρ. 1, Tr mrg. WH); Acts vi. 13; xxii. 26; ὁ λαὸς οὗτος, Mt. xv. 8; 6 vids σου οὗτος, Lk. xv. 30; plur. Lk. xxiv. 17, and numberless other exx.; οὗτος 6 ἄνθρωπος, Lk. xiv. 30; οὗτος ὁ…
Read the full entry →ὃ, ἡ τό. (1) Apart from connexion with μέν or δέ (see below) the demonstrative use of the art. in the NT is confined to a poetical quotation Ac 1778, but it is not uncommon in the papyri, e.g. P Par 45® (B.C. 153) (= Witkowski®, p. 85) τὰ (for ἃ) πράσεις (Δ πράσσεις), P Oxy VIII. 1160! (iii/iv A.D.) Ta (for ἃ) σεσύλληχα (for συνείληχα) δὲ κέρμα {ταν τηρῶ αὐτὰ εἰς τὴν δίκην, “1 am keeping for the trial the money that I have collected” (Ed.). For the distributive Opéev.. - 6 8€, as in 1 Cor7’, cf. P Lond 535 (B.c. 161) (=I. p. 19, U.P.Z. i. p. 239) kal τὰ μὲν ἡμῶν ἐληφότων εἰς τὴν γινομένην ἡμῖν συντάξειν, τὰ δ᾽ ἔτι διὰ τὴν τῶν ὑποτεταγμένων {(.. ... > παρελκομένων. (2) The use of the art. as a relative, of which there is no trace in the NT, may again be illustrated by the following papyrus citations from ¢c. A.D. 346—P Lond 414® (= II. Ῥ. 292) γεινῴσκιν oe θέλω περὶ τοῦ βρεουίου…
Read the full entry →ὁ (ho) — the/this/who.
ὁ,
ἡ, τό, is, when thus written,
__A demonstrative Pronoun.
__B in Attic dialect, definite or prepositive Article.
__C in Epic dialect, the so-called postpositive Article, = relative Pronoun, ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.—The nominative masculine and feminine singular and plural, ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ, have no accent in codices and most printed books, except when used as the relative; but ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ differ only in writing from ὃ, ἣ, οἳ, α; the nominative forms of the article are said by Hdn.Gr.1.474 to be oxytone, and by [Refs 2nd c.AD+] in Aeolic dialect accusative to [Refs 8th c.BC+] genitive and dative dual τοῖιν [Refs 8th c.BC+]— In Doric dialect and all other dialects except Attic dialect and Ionic dialect the feminine forms preserve the old ᾱ instead of changing it to η, hence Doric dialect etc. ἁ, τάν, τᾶ; the genitive plural τάων contracts in many dialects to τᾶ; the genitive…
ὁ ἡ τό
ho
he hay, and the neuter
to to
in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be
supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom):--the, this, that, one,
he, she, it, etc.
ὁ, ἡ, τό
Article
the
ὁ ho 19x
the prepositive article, answering, to a considerable extent, to the English definite article; but, for the principle and facts of its usage, consult a grammar; ὁ μὲν ... ὁ δέ, the one ... the other, Phil. 1:16, 17; Heb. 7:5, 6, 20, 21, 23, 24; pl. some ... others, Mt. 13:23; 22:5, 6; ὁ δέ, but he, Mt. 4:4; 12:48; οἱ δέ, but others, Mt. 28:17; used, in a poetic quotation, for a personal pronoun, Acts 17:28
ὁ the, that
ὁ, ἡ, τό, is
demonstr. Pronoun.
the definite Article.
in epic, the relative Pronoun, when it is written with the accent ὅ, ἥ, τό ῀ ὅς, ἥ, ὅ. Besides the common forms, note epic gen. sg. τοῖο for τοῦ; pl. nom. τοί, ταί; gen. fem. τάων [α^], dat. τοῖσι, τῇς and τῇσι; dual gen, and dat. τοῖιν:— in Trag. we find τοὶ μέν . . , τοὶ δέ . . , for οἱ μέν . . , οἱ δέ . . ; dat. pl. also τοῖσι, ταῖσι: the dual has commonly but one gender, τώ for τά, τοῖν for ταῖν.
DEMONSTR. PRONOUN:
joined with a Subst., not as the Art., but like Lat. ille, ὁ Τυδείδης Tydeus's famous son, Il.; Νέστωρ ὁ γέρων Nestor— that aged man, id. Il.; τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου for honour, namely that of Priam, id. Il.
Art-NSM — Article · nominative · singular · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
T-NSM Part of Speech: definite arTicle Case: Nominative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
THE, an adjective or definitive adjective.
1. This adjective is used as a definitive, that is, before nouns which are specific or understood; or it is used to limit their signification to a specific thing or things, or to describe them; as the laws of the twelve tables. the independent tribunals of justice in our country, are the security or private rights, and the best bulwark against arbitrary power. the sun is the source of light and heat.
This he calls the preaching of the cross.
2. the is also used rhetorically before a noun in the singular number, to denote a species by way of distinction; a single thing representing the whole. the fig tree putteth forth her green figs; the almond tree shall flourish; the grasshopper shall be a burden.
3. In poetry, the sometimes loses the final vowel before another vowel.
Th' adorning thee with so much art,
Is but a barb'rous skill.
20,685 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 83 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 19,783 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
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branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
40 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
Τῶν ἄλλων νομοθετῶν οἱ μὲν ἀκαλλώπιστα καὶ γυμνὰ τὰ νομισθέντα παρ’ αὐτοῖς εἶναι δίκαια διετάξαντο, οἱ δὲ πολὺν ὄγκον τοῖς νοήμασι προσπεριβαλόντες ἐξετύφωσαν τὰ πλήθη μυθικοῖς πλάσμασι τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐπικρύψαντες.
ἡ τοῦ κόσμου σύστασις καὶ διάταξις τῶν στοιχείων.
Χαίρετε, υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες, ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντος ἡμᾶς, ἐν εἰρήνῃ.
r βασιλεύοντος Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν Φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιε, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν
ιζ Θῶυθ κη ἀπέδοτο Πετεσοῦχος Φίβιος καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ τὸ ὕπαρχον αὐτοῖς ἥμισυ περιστερῶνος τοῦ ὄντος ἐν τῶι ἀπὸ βορρᾶ μέρει Παθύρεως χαλκοῦ Γ. ἐπρίατο Ὧρος Νεχούτου.
βασιλευόντων Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιϛ, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν
κύριος is a Greek word meaning 'lord' or 'master,' derived from the concept of authority. It is used in various contexts, referring to God, Jesus, and earthly masters. In the New Testament, it often denotes divine authority, as seen in verses like Matthew 12:8. The term can also express respect when addressing others, such as teachers or magistrates.
A MAN, according to the later Greek grammarians, was δεσπότης in respect of his slaves (Plato, Legg. vi. 756 e), therefore οἰκοδεσπότης, but κύριος in regard of his wife and children ; who in speaking either to him or of him, would give him this title of honour; “as Sara obeyed Abraham, calling him lord” (κύριον αὐτὸν καλοῦσα, I Pet. ili. 6: ef. Plutarch, De Virt. Mul. 5. vv. Μίκκα καὶ Meyoro). There is a certain truth in this distinction. Undoubtedly there lies in κύριος the sense of an authority owning limitations—moral limitations it may be; it is implied too that the wielder of this authority will not exclude, in wielding it, a consideration of their good over whom it is exercised; while the δεσπότης exercises a more unrestricted power and absolute domination, confessing no such limitations or restraints. He who addresses another as δέσποτα, puts an emphasis of submission into his…
Read the full entry →κύριος, -α, -ον (also -ος, -ον),
[in LXX (subst.) chiefly for יהוה, also for אָדוֹן, בַּעַל, etc.;]
having power (κῦρος) or authority; as subst., ὁ κ., lord, master;
κύριος, -ov, 6, (prop. an 2dj. κύριος, -a, - 1, also of two term.; prop. i. q. ὁ ἔχων κῦρος, having power or author ity), [fr. Pind. down], he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has the power of deciding; master, lord; used a. univ. of the possessor and disposer of a thing, the owner, (Sept. for }}18, 5y3): with gen. of the thing, as τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος, Mt. xx. 8; xxi. 40; Mk. xii. 9; Lk. xx. 15; rod θερισμοῦ, Mt. ix. 38; Lk. x. 2; τῆς οἰκίας, the master, Mk. xiii. 35 (Judg. xix. 12); τοῦ πώλου, Lk. xix. 33; τοῦ σαββάτου, possessed of the power to determine what is suitable to the sabbath, and of releasing himself and others from its obligations, Mt. xii. 8; Mk. ii. 28; Lk. vi. 5. with gen. of a pers., one who has control of the person, the master [A. V. lord]; in the household: δούλου, παιδίσκης, οἰκονόμου, Mt. x. 24; Lk. xii. 46 sq.; xiv. 21; xvi. 3, 5; Acts xvi. 16, 19…
Read the full entry →κύριος BGU III. ο49᾽ (c. A.D. 300) κυρίῳ μου ἀδελφῷ “Hpa, a sister (and probably wife) —P Oxy IV. 7441 (B.c. 1) (= Selections, p. 32) Ἱλαρίωνα (/.—tov)”"Adure τῆι ἀδελφῆι πλεῖστα Χαίρειν, and even a son—zd. I. 123} (iii/iv A.D.) κυρίῳ pov vid Διονυσοθέωνι. (3) It is, however, with the religious use of κύριος that we are specially concerned, and in keeping with the conception of ‘‘lordship,’’ which was so characteristic of Oriental religions, we may begin by noticing its common use in connexion with the cult of the Egyptian God Sarapis. Letters frequently begin with some such formula as—rpd μὲν πάντων εὔχομαί σε ὑιαίνειν (1. by—) καὶ τὸ προσκύνημά cov ποιῶ παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ Σιαράπιδι, ‘before all else I pray for your health, and I supplicate the lord Sarapis on your behalf”’ (P Fay 127°—ii/iii a.p.), and we may add, owing to the striking resemblance of phraseology to 1 Cor 1024 such…
Read the full entry →κύριος (kurios) — lord: God.
κύριος [ῡ], α, ον,
also ος, ον [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—Thess. κῦρρος [Refs 8th c.BC+]:
I. of persons, having power or authority over, with genitive, Ζεὺς ὁ πάντων κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρὶν ἄν σε κ. στήσω τέκνων put thee in possession of.., [Refs 5th c.BC+], of the god to whom a temple is dedicated, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τῶν αὑτοὺ κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; θανάτου κ. τινός with power of life and death over, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.2. κύριός εἰμι with infinitive, I have authority to do, am entitled to do, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; οὗτος κ. ὁρκωμοτεῖν (probably to be read instead of -ῶν) [Refs 5th c.BC+]; -ώτεροι δοῦναι better able to give, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also κ. τοῦ μὴ μεθυσθῆναι having power not to.., [Refs]: with accusative et infinitive, κ. εἶναι ἢ τοίαν εἶναι [πόλιν] ἢ τοίαν [Refs 5th…
κύριος
kurios
from kuros (supremacy); supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun)
controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful title):-- God,
Lord, master, Sir.
κύριος, ου, ὁ
n.m.
lord, Lord, master, sir
κύριος kyrios 717x
a lord, master, Mt. 12:8; an owner, possessor, Mt. 20:8; a potentate, sovereign, Acts 25:26; a power, deity, 1 Cor. 8:5; the Lord, Jehovah, Mt. 1:22; the Lord Jesus Christ, Mt. 24:42; Mk. 16:19; Lk. 10:1; Jn. 4:1; 1 Cor. 4:5; freq.; κύριε, a term of respect of various force, Sir, Lord, Read the full entry →
Noun-NSM — Noun · nominative · singular · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
N-NSM Part of Speech: Noun Case: Nominative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
Lord
There are various Hebrew and Greek words so rendered.
(1.) Heb. Jehovah, has been rendered in the English Bible LORD, printed in small capitals. This is the proper name of the God of the Hebrews. The form “Jehovah” is retained only in Ex. 6:3; Ps. 83:18; Isa. 12:2; 26:4, both in the Authorized and the Revised Version.
(2.) Heb. ‘adon, means one possessed of absolute control. It denotes a master, as of slaves (Gen. 24:14, 27), or a ruler of his subjects (45:8), or a husband, as lord of his wife (18:12).
The old plural form of this Hebrew word is ’adonai. From a superstitious reverence for the name “Jehovah,” the Jews, in reading their Scriptures, whenever that name…
[GOD]
This name belongs to God by preeminence; and in this sense ought never to be given to any creature. Jesus Christ, as the Messiah, the Son of God, and equal with the Father, is often called Lord in Scripture, especially in the writing of Paul. The word LORD, in the English Bible, when printed in small capitals, stands always for JEHOVAH in the Hebrew. See JEHOVAH.
753 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 15 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 718 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
„οὐ φυτεύσεις σεαυτῷ ἄλσος, πᾶν ξύλον παρὰ τὸ θυσιαστήριον κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ σου οὐ ποιήσεις σεαυτῷ“ (Deuter.
Τῶν δὲ Ἰσάκου παίδων Ἡσαῦς, περὶ ὃν μάλιστα ὁ πατὴρ ἐσπουδάκει, τεσσαράκοντα γεγονὼς ἔτη γαμεῖ Ἄδαν τὴν Ἥλωνος καὶ Ἀλιβάμην τὴν Εὐσεβεῶνος δυναστευόντων ἐν Χαναναίοις ἀνδρῶν θυγατέρας, ἑαυτὸν ποιήσας τῆς περὶ τὸν γάμον ἐξουσίας κύριον καὶ μηδὲ τῷ…
Χαίρετε, υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες, ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντος ἡμᾶς, ἐν εἰρήνῃ.
ὡς ἐτῶν κζ μέση μελίχρως λεύκωμα ὀφθαλμόν, μακροπρόσωπος εὐθύρριν αἱ τρεῖς τῶν Ψεμμίνιος μετὰ κυρίου τοῦ ἑαυτῶν ἀδελφοῦ Παχνούβιος τοῦ προγεγραμμένου καὶ συνπωλουμένου, ἀπὸ τῆς ὑπαρχούσης αὐτοῖς πατρικῆς γῆς
Πανίσκου ἀγορανόμου τῆς ἄνω τοπαρχίας τοῦ Παθυρίτου. ὁμολογεῖ Πετεσοῦχος Πετεαρσεμθέως Τορτομίννει Σχώτου Περσίνη μετὰ κυρίου τοῦ ἑαυτῆς υἱοῦ Πανοβχούνιος τοῦ Ἁρπαήσιος ἐκ τῶν φρουρῶν περὶ τοῦ ἐὰν βεβαιώσῃ αὐτῶι
τῆς Βελλέους ὡς ἐτῶν κβ μέσης μελιχρόου στρογγυλοπροσώπου εὐθύρινος οὐλὴ μετώπῳ ἐκ δεξιῶν μετὰ κυρίου Πτολεμαίου τοῦ Ψενμεγχείους ὡς ἐτῶν λε μέσου … πάντες τῶν ἐκ τοῦ Παθυρίτου τὴν