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1 Chronicles 4:11 — Word Study

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WLCוּכְל֥וּב אֲחִֽי־ שׁוּחָ֖ה הוֹלִ֣יד אֶת־ מְחִ֑יר ה֖וּא אֲבִ֥י אֶשְׁתּֽוֹן׃

BSAChelubKᵉlûwb [closely related to] the brotherʼâch of ShuhahShûwchâh was the father ofyâlad [parent, ancestor] MehirMᵉchîyr whohûwʼ was the fatherʼâb [progenitor, ancestor] of EshtonʼEshtôwn [a descendant of Judah]

Word
Listen & take away1 Chronicles 4
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 11 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('esh.Ton) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
1 Chronicles 4:11quick helps
In a sentenceChelub, the brother of Shuhah, is noted as the father of Mehir, who in turn is the father of Eshton.
Who is speakingThe author of 1 Chronicles, listing genealogies.
Where we areIn the genealogical records of the tribe of Judah.
The hard wordאֶשְׁתּוֹן
Take awayThese names connect the lineage of Judah.
5 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them › clause subjectהוּא verbיָלַד The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

2 of 9 occur nowhere else in the Old Testament — words chosen on purpose.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 4:11

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Genealogy of Judahgenerated

10And Jabez called out to the God of Israel, “If only You would bless me and enlarge my territory! May Your hand be with me and keep me from harm, so that I will be free from pain.” And God granted the request of Jabez.
11Chelub the brother of Shuhah was the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.
12Eshton was the father of Beth-rapha, of Paseah, and of Tehinnah the father of Ir-nahash. These were the men of Recah.
13The sons of Kenaz: Othniel and Seraiah. The sons of Othniel: Hathath and Meonothai.

1 Chronicles 4:11 is part of a genealogical account, detailing the lineage of Judah. This verse emphasizes the family connections and heritage within the tribe, showcasing the importance of ancestry in Israelite culture. The mention of Chelub, Shuhah, Mehir, and Eshton illustrates the continuity of family lines and their significance in the broader narrative of the Israelite people.


Cross References


The Key Word כְּלוּב, u.khe.Luvgenerated

The name כְּלוּב (kelub) is associated with a male from the tribe of Judah, specifically mentioned in genealogical contexts. The name means 'caged' and is linked to Chelub's role as a father, indicating his place in the lineage of Judah.

As a proper noun, כְּלוּב serves to identify Chelub as a key figure in the genealogy, connecting him to subsequent generations, including his son Mehir.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

All translations on this page, including the Berean Standard Bible, KJV, and ASV, agree on the rendering of the names and relationships in this verse.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb הוֹלִ֣יד (he fathered) governs the main clause, with the subject הוּא (he) indicating Chelub as the father. The structure emphasizes the lineage through a straightforward genealogical statement.

The sentence follows a typical Hebrew structure, presenting the subject followed by the object, which is common in genealogical listings.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates כְּלוּב as ξαλεβ, indicating a similar recognition of the name but possibly with a different nuance in Greek.

This choice shows a continuity of the genealogical tradition while adapting to the Greek-speaking audience.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

1 Chronicles 4:11 tells us that Chelub was the brother of Shuhah and the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton. This verse is part of a genealogy that traces the descendants of Judah, showing the importance of family lineage in the history of Israel.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

Who was Chelub?

Chelub was a man from the tribe of Judah, noted for being the brother of Shuhah and the father of Mehir.

What does the name Mehir mean?

The name Mehir means 'price' and he is mentioned as the son of Chelub.

Why are genealogies important in the Bible?

Genealogies establish lineage, heritage, and the fulfillment of God's promises through specific family lines.

What can we learn from the genealogy in 1 Chronicles 4:11?

We learn about the connections between families and the significance of ancestry in the history of Israel.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How does understanding genealogies enhance our comprehension of biblical narratives?
  2. What can we learn about the significance of family in our own lives from this verse?
  3. How does the lineage of Judah connect to the larger story of Israel?
  4. In what ways do names carry meaning and significance in our own families?

Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 4:11 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And Chelub the brother of Shuah begat Mehir,.... If Shuah is the same with Hushah, 1 Chronicles 4:4, then Chelub was the son of Ezer: which was the father of Eshton; not the prince of a place called

Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 4 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

And Chelub the brother of Shuah begat Mehir, which was the father of Eshton. No JFB commentary on these verses.

Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 4 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

1 Chronicles 4:11 And Chelub the brother of Shuah begat Mehir, which [was] the father of Eshton.Ver. 11. Brother of Shuah.] Called Hushah.

Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 4 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(11-12) A fragment relating to the “men of Rechah,” a name which occurs nowhere else, and for which Rechab appears a plausible correction. So the Vat., LXX. Ñç÷Üâ. Compare 1 Chronicles 2:55, where the Sopherim of Jabez are called Rechabites, and see Notes on the passage. These Rechabites united with the Salmaite branch of Hurites; and Hur was a son of Caleb, 1 Chronicles 2:19. Hence it is likely that the Chelub of 1 Chronicles 4:11 is identical with the Caleb-Chelubai of 1 Chronicles 2, who represents a main division of the Hezronites. Others suppose that the epithet, “brother of Shuah” (Shuhah), is meant to obviate this identification. The other names in this short section are wholly…

Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 4 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

It has been conjectured from the strangeness of all the names in this list, that we have here a fragment of Canaanite record, connected with the family of the “Shua,” whose daughter Judah took to

Read Albert Barnes on 1 Chronicles 4 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Chelub the brother of Shuhah was the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Chelub the brother of Shuhah became the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Chelub the brother of Shuhah was the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Kelub, the brother of Shuhah, was the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

¶ And Chelub the brother of Shuah begat Mehir, which was the father of Eshton.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

And Chelub the brother of Shuhah begat Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.

RVARevised Version, American1894

And Chelub the brother of Shuhah begat Mehir, which was the father of Eshton.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

And Chelub the brother of Shuah begat Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

And Chelub the brother of Shuah begate Mehir, which was the father of Eshton.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And Chelub the brother of Shuah begot Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And Chelub brother of Shuah begat Mehir; he [is] father of Eshton.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And Chelub brother of Shuah begot Mehir; he [is] father of Eshton.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And Kelub the brother of Shuchah begat Mechir, who was the father of Eshthon.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Kelub brother of Shuhah became the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And Caleb the brother of Sua beget Mahir, who was the father of Esthon.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Kelub, Shuhah's brother, was the father of Mehir, who in turn was the father of Eshton.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And Chelub, the brother of Shuhah, was the father of Mehir, who was the father of Eshton.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וּandclausenoun phrase · subjectכְל֥וּבKelubnoun phraseאֲחִֽיthe.brotherשׁוּחָ֖הof.Shuhahverbהוֹלִ֣ידhe.fatherednoun phrase · objectאֶת(et)מְחִ֑ירMehirclausesubjectה֖וּאhenoun phrase · predicateאֲבִ֥י[was].the.fatherאֶשְׁתּֽוֹןof.Eshton

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in the names and relationships presented in this verse. The Septuagint matches 7 of the 9 words from the Masoretic Text, reflecting a consistent understanding of the genealogy.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וּכְל֥וּב אֲחִֽי־ שׁוּחָ֖ה הוֹלִ֣יד אֶת־ מְחִ֑יר ה֖וּא אֲבִ֥י אֶשְׁתּֽוֹן׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וּכְל֥וּבξαλεβאֲחִֽי־πατὴρשׁוּחָ֖הασξαהוֹלִ֣ידἐγέννησενה֖וּאοὗτοςאֲבִ֥יπατὴρאֶשְׁתּֽוֹן׃ασσαθων

7 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

1 Chronicles 4:11כְּלוּבand Keluband Kelubכְּלוּבאָח[the] broth[the] brother oאָחשׁוּחָהShuhahShuhahשׁוּחָהיָלַדhe fatheredhe fatheredיָלַדאֵתthe object the object markאֵתמְחִירMehirMehirמְחִירהוּאheheהוּאאָב[was] [the][was] [the] fatאָבאֶשְׁתּוֹןEshtonEshtonאֶשְׁתּוֹןאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתכְּלוּבbasketbasketכְּלוּבאָבfatherfatherאָבשׁוּחָהpitpitשׁוּחָהמְחִירpricepriceמְחִירשׁוּנִיShuniShuniשׁוּנִיעֵשָׂו(Mount) Es(Mount) EsauעֵשָׂויוֹסֵףJosephJosephיוֹסֵףשֶׁ֫לַחShelahShelahשֶׁ֫לַחהָרָהto conceivto conceiveהָרָהמִגְרָשׁpasturepastureמִגְרָשׁטָמֵאuncleanuncleanטָמֵאעֵתtimetimeעֵתקָבַרto buryto buryקָבַראֵםmothermotherאֵם
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 4:11

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and Kelub [the] brother of Shuhah he fathered the object marker Mehir he [was] [the] father of Eshton
וּכְל֥וּבu.khe.Luv and Kelub H3620 Conjunction · noun proper masculine
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Chelub was a man who lived during the time of the Divided Monarchy, and his son Ezri worked for King David. Chelub's name means 'caged' and he was a descendant of Judah.
Amplified meaning
closely related to
Tyndale gloss
Chelub
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כְּלוּב (kelub) refers to a name associated with two Israelites from the tribe of Judah, specifically mentioned in the context of David's officers. The name is linked to the meaning 'caged.' The entries note Chelub as the father of Mehir and Ezri, with references found in 1 Chronicles 4:11 and 1 Chronicles 27:26.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כְּלוּב n.pr.m.

a name in Judah

father of one of David’s officers

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3620 כְּלוּב

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3620 Kluwb kel-oob'

the same as 3619; Kelub, the name of two Israelites:--Chelub.

see HEBREW for 03619

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כְּלוּב (ke.luv) — Chelub.

A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.11;

brother of: Shuhah (H7746);

father of: Mehir (H4243)

§ Chelub = "caged"

1) a descendant of Judah

2) father of Ezri, one of David's officers

כְּלוּב (ke.luv) — Chelub.

A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.27.26;

father of: Ezri (H5836)

§ Chelub = "caged"

1) a descendant of Judah

2) father of Ezri, one of David's officers

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculine
HC/Npm
and Kelub [the] brother of Shuhah he fathered the object marker Mehir he [was] [the] father of Eshton
אֲחִֽי־'a.chi- [the] brother of H251 Noun common · masculine singular construct
630× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means a brother or male sibling, but it can also refer to a close relative, friend, or someone with a similar relationship. It is used to describe the bond between brothers, like the relationship between Cain and Abel in Genesis.
Tyndale gloss
brother: male-sibling
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָח 630 n.m. brother

brother, born of same mother (& father)

indef. = relative

fig. of resemblance

in phr. one … another

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H251 אָח brother

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

251 'ach awkh

a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of

literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance

(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.

Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".

see HEBREW for 01

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.

: male-sibling

1) brother

1a) brother of same parents

1b) half-brother (same father)

1c) relative, kinship, same tribe

1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)

1e) (fig.) of resemblance

אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.

: male-relative

1) brother

1a) brother of same parents

1b) half-brother (same father)

1c) relative, kinship, same tribe

1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)

1e) (fig.) of resemblance

אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.

: compatriot

1) brother

1a) brother of same parents

1b) half-brother (same father)

1c) relative, kinship, same tribe

1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)

1e) (fig.) of resemblance

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and Kelub [the] brother of Shuhah he fathered the object marker Mehir he [was] [the] father of Eshton
שׁוּחָ֖הshu.Chah Shuhah H7746 Noun proper masculine
1× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Shuhah was an Israelite from the tribe of Judah, mentioned in the book of 1 Chronicles as the brother of Chelub. His name means wealth, and he lived during the time of the Divided Monarchy. Shuhah is only mentioned once in the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
Shuhah
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שׁוּחָה (Shuwchah) refers to a man from the tribe of Judah, specifically mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:11. The name is linked to the meaning 'wealth' and is associated with the brother of Chelub. It is derived from a similar term, שׁוּחַ (Shuchah), which is noted in the entries.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שׁוּחָה n.pr. ‘son’ of חוּר

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7746 שׁוּחָה

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7746 Shuwchah shoo-khaw'

the same as 7745; Shuchah, an Israelite:--Shuah.

see HEBREW for 07745

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שׁוּחָה (shu.chah) — Shuhah.

A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.11;

brother of: Chelub (H3620)

§ Shuah = "wealth"

1) a Judaite, brother of Chelub

1a) also 'Shuhah'

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

shoo'-ha (shuchah, "depression"): A brother of Caleb (1Ch 4:11).

and Kelub [the] brother of Shuhah he fathered the object marker Mehir he [was] [the] father of Eshton
הוֹלִ֣ידho.Lid he fathered H3205 Verb · Hiphil · perfect third person masculine singular
496× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to give birth or beget a child, like when Eve gave birth to Cain in Genesis 4:1. It can also mean to help someone give birth, like a midwife. This word is used in many KJV translations, including Genesis and Isaiah.
Amplified meaning
parent, ancestor
Tyndale gloss
to beget
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word יָלַד (*yalad*) means to bear, bring forth, or beget, and it encompasses various forms of childbirth and lineage declaration. It can refer to both the act of giving birth and the role of a midwife. The entries also note its use in contexts of distress and wicked behavior, as well as in reference to birthdays.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָלַד 497 vb. bear, bring forth, beget

Qal

bear, bring forth

less often beget

of both parents

Niph. be born

Pi. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife

Pu. be born

Hiph.

beget (a father a child)

bear

Hoph. day of one's being born = birthday

Hithp. declared their pedigree

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3205 יָלַד bear, bring forth, beget .. bear, bring forth

. less often beget

. of both parents

. be born

. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife

. be born

. . beget (a father a child)

. bear

. day of one's being born = birthday

. declared their pedigree

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3205 yalad yaw-lad'

a primitive root; to bear young; causatively, to beget;

medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show

lineage:--bear, beget, birth((-day)), born, (make to) bring

forth (children, young), bring up, calve, child, come, be

delivered (of a child), time of delivery, gender, hatch,

labour, (do the office of a) midwife, declare pedigrees, be

the son of, (woman in, woman that) travail(-eth, -ing woman).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָלַד (ya.lad) — to beget.

1) to bear, bringforth, beget, gender, travail

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to bear, bring forth

1a1a) of child birth

1a1b) of distress (simile)

1a1c) of wicked (behaviour)

1a2) to beget

1b) (Niphal) to be born

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to cause or help to bring forth

1c2) to assist or tend as a midwife

1c3) midwife (participle)

1d) (Pual) to be born

1e) (Hiphil)

1e1) to beget (a child)

1e2) to bear (fig. -of wicked bringing forth iniquity)

1f) (Hophal) day of birth, birthday (infinitive)

1g) (Hithpael) to declare one's birth (pedigree)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Perf-3ms — Verb · Hiphil · perfect third person masculine singular
HVhp3ms
and Kelub [the] brother of Shuhah he fathered the object marker Mehir he [was] [the] father of Eshton
אֶת־'et- the object marker H853 Particle
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTo — Particle
HTo
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and Kelub [the] brother of Shuhah he fathered the object marker Mehir he [was] [the] father of Eshton
מְחִ֑ירme.Chir Mehir H4243 Noun proper masculine
1× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Mehir was an Israelite who lived during the time of the Divided Monarchy, he is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:11 as the son of Chelub. His name means price, and he was the father of Eshton.
Tyndale gloss
Mehir
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מְחִיר (mechir) means 'price' and is also the name of a man, Mehir, from the tribe of Judah mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:11. The word is derived from a related term and is associated with the concept of value. The entries do not present any significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מְחִיר n.pr.m. 1 Ch 4:11

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4243 מְחִיר

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4243 Mchiyr mekh-eer'

the same as 4242; price; Mechir, an Israelite:--Mehir.

see HEBREW for 04242

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מְחִיר (me.chir) — Mehir.

A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.11;

son of: Chelub (H3620);

father of: Eshton (H0850)

§ Mehir = "price"

son of Chelub the brother of Shuah

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

me'-her (mechir, "price," "hire"): A descendant of Judah, son of Chelub, nephew of Shuah (1Ch 4:11). Perug, a Chaldee name of equivalent meaning, is given for this person in the Targum of Rabbi Joseph.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(price), the son of Chelub the brother of Shuah. (1 Chronicles 4:11)

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

a reward

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Son of Chelub 1Ch 4:11

and Kelub [the] brother of Shuhah he fathered the object marker Mehir he [was] [the] father of Eshton
ה֖וּאhu' he H1931 Pronoun
1,879× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word is a pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'it', used to refer to a person or thing. It is used in the Bible to emphasize a subject or make it clear who is being talked about.
Tyndale gloss
he/she/it
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it

an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)

It resumes the subj. with emph.

Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible

It anticipates (as it seems) the subject

As an emph. predicate, of God

In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)

With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)

. It resumes the subj. with emph.

. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible

. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject

. As an emph. predicate, of God

. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)

. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1931 huw' hoo

of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a

primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or

it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also

(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;

sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally

(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),

it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,

this, those, which (is), who.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.

pron 3p s

1) he, she, it

1a) himself (with emphasis)

1b) resuming subj with emphasis

1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)

1d) (anticipating subj)

1e) (emphasising predicate)

1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron

2) that (with article)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Pron — Pronoun
HPp3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ha: The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; transliterated in this Encyclopedia as "h." It came also to be used for the number 5. For name, etc., see ALPHABET.

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and Kelub [the] brother of Shuhah he fathered the object marker Mehir he [was] [the] father of Eshton
אֲבִ֥י'a.Vi [was] [the] father of H1 Noun common · masculine singular construct
1,213× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In Hebrew, this word means father, whether literal or figurative. It is used to describe God as the father of his people, as well as human fathers like Abraham. The word is about a paternal relationship or authority.
Amplified meaning
progenitor, ancestor
Tyndale gloss
father
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָב 1101 n.m. father

father of individual

of God as father of his people

head of household, family or clan

ancestor

originator or patron of a class, profession, or art

fig. of producer, generator

fig. of benevolence & protection

term of respect & honor

specif., ruler, chief (late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1 אָב father . father of individual

. of God as father of his people

. head of household, family or clan

. ancestor

. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art

. fig. of producer, generator

. fig. of benevolence & protection

. term of respect & honor

. specif., ruler, chief (late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1 'ab awb

a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or

figurative and remote application):--chief,

(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names

in "Abi-".

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָב (av) — father.

1) father of an individual

2) of God as father of his people

3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan

4) ancestor

4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person

4b) of people

5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art

6) of producer, generator (fig.)

7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)

8) term of respect and honour

9) ruler or chief (spec.)

Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)

אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.

A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;

Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)

אָב (av) — father of.

The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;

son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and Kelub [the] brother of Shuhah he fathered the object marker Mehir he [was] [the] father of Eshton
אֶשְׁתּֽוֹן׃'esh.Ton Eshton H850 Noun proper masculine
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Eshton was an Israelite from the tribe of Judah, living during the time of the Divided Monarchy, and is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:11. He was the son of Mehir and father of several children, including Beth-rapha and Paseah. Eshton's family is part of the biblical genealogy.
Amplified meaning
a descendant of Judah
Tyndale gloss
Eshton
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֶשְׁתּוֹן (Eshton) refers to a man from the tribe of Judah, noted in the context of the Divided Monarchy. He is identified as a descendant of Caleb and has connections to several other figures, including his father Mehir and his son Beth-rapha. The name may imply a meaning of 'effeminate,' but this is not universally agreed upon.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶשְׁתּוֹן n.pr.m. a man of Judah

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H850 אֶשְׁתּוֹן

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

850 'Eshtown esh-tone'

probably from the same as 7764; restful; Eshton, an

Israelite:--Eshton.

see HEBREW for 07764

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶשְׁתּוֹן (esh.ton) — Eshton.

A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.4.11;

son of: Mehir (H4243);

father of: Beth-rapha (H1051), Paseah (H6454), Tehinnah (H8468)

§ Eshton = "effeminate"

a descendant of Caleb of tribe of Judah

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

esh'-ton ('eshton, "uxorious"):

A name found in the genealogical table of Judah (1Ch 4:12).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(effeminate), a name which occurs in the genealogies of Judah. (1 Chronicles 4:11,12)

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Son of Mehir 1Ch 4:11,12

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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