1 Chronicles 11:45 — Word Study
WLCיְדִֽיעֲאֵל֙ בֶּן־ שִׁמְרִ֔י וְיֹחָ֥א אָחִ֖יו הַתִּיצִֽי׃ ס
BSAJediaelYᵉdîyʻăʼêl [knowing God] sonbên of ShimriShimrîy [vigilant, watchful] and his brotherʼâch [male sibling, close relative] JohaYôwchâʼ [Jehovah gives life] the TiziteTîytsîy△ [thou shalt go forth, descendant of Tiz]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יְדִֽיעֲאֵל֙ | Jediael | Noun proper masculine |
| בֶּן־ | [the] son of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| שִׁמְרִ֔י | Shimri | Noun proper masculine |
| וְיֹחָ֥א | and Joha | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| אָחִ֖יו | brother his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| הַתִּיצִֽי׃ ס | the Tizite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Jediael son of Shimri and his brother Joha the Tizite, |
| KJV | Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite, |
| ASV | Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite, |
| YLT | Jediael son of Shimri, and Joha his brother the Tizite, |
| WEB | Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite, |
| BBE | Jediael, the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite, |
Where they part company is in the translation of names — see How Translations Differ.
The structure is straightforward, listing names and relationships in a genealogical format.
1 commentators on this verse
Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 6 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 11:45
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Mighty Warriors of Davidgenerated
1 Chronicles 11:45 lists Jediael, son of Shimri, and his brother Joha, as part of the group of warriors who served King David. This passage emphasizes the importance of lineage and familial connections among those who fought for David, showcasing the loyalty and bravery of these individuals during a pivotal time in Israel's history.
Cross References
The Key Word — יְדִיעֲאֵל, ye.di.'a.'Elgenerated
The name יְדִיעֲאֵל (Ydiy`a'el) means 'God makes known' and is associated with several figures from the tribe of Benjamin. The parsing indicates it is a masculine proper noun, identifying a specific individual rather than a concept.
Jediael appears in the context of military leaders, suggesting a role of significance and perhaps divine favor, as his name implies a relationship with God. The use of this name in the genealogical list highlights the importance of acknowledging one's heritage and the divine purpose behind it.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb is implied in the context of a genealogical listing, with a series of noun phrases following: יְדִיעֲאֵל (Jediael), בֶּן־ (son of), שִׁמְרִ֔י (Shimri), וְיֹחָ֥א (and Joha), אָחִ֖יו (his brother), הַתִּיצִֽי (the Tizite).
The structure emphasizes the relationships among the individuals listed, with Jediael positioned first, indicating his prominence in this context.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יְדִיעֲאֵל as ιεδιηλ, maintaining the name's integrity while adapting it to Greek phonetics. This choice reflects a direct transliteration rather than a translation of meaning.
The consistency in naming suggests the Septuagint's intent to preserve the identity of these figures as they were known in Hebrew tradition.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 11:45 introduces Jediael, the son of Shimri, and his brother Joha, who is identified as a Tizite. This verse is part of a list of David's warriors, emphasizing their familial connections and roles in serving the king.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Jediael means 'God makes known' and signifies a connection to divine revelation.
Joha, meaning 'Jehovah gives life', was Jediael's brother and a warrior in David's service.
The term Tizite refers to a descendant of Tiz, indicating a specific lineage associated with David's warriors.
These names highlight the familial bonds and heritage of those who fought for David, reflecting their loyalty and significance in Israel's history.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does it mean to have a name that signifies a relationship with God, like Jediael?
- How do familial ties influence our understanding of community and service?
- In what ways can we honor our heritage while serving others?
- What qualities do you think made these warriors significant in David's time?
Commentators on this verse — 1 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 11:45 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(45) Jediael.—Perhaps the Manassite who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chronicles 12:20).
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Jediael son of Shimri and his brother Joha the Tizite,
Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite,
Jediael son of Shimri and his brother Joha the Tizite,
Jediael son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite,
Tyndale line
Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite,
Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite,
Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite;
Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite,
Iediael the sonne of Shimri, and Ioha his brother the Tizite,
Strictly literal
Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite,
Jediael son of Shimri, and Joha his brother the Tizite,
Jediael son of Shimri, and his brother Joha the Tizite,
Jedi'ael the son of Shimri, and Jocha his brother, the Thizite,
Jediael son of Shimri, Joha (his brother the Tizite),
From the Latin
Jedihel the son of Zamri, and Jobs his brother a Thosaite,
Simplified
Jediael, son of Shimri, and his brother, Joha the Tizite;
Jediael, the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite,
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of יְדִיעֲאֵל, with all six words matched. This indicates a strong textual consistency between the Hebrew and Greek traditions for this verse.
יְדִֽיעֲאֵל֙ בֶּן־ שִׁמְרִ֔י וְיֹחָ֥א אָחִ֖יו הַתִּיצִֽי׃ ס
6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 11:45
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
יְדִיעֲאֵל (Ydiy`a'el) means 'God makes known' and refers to a name associated with several individuals from the tribe of Benjamin, including a chief patriarch and warriors during the time of David. The entries highlight various roles, such as a Korahite gatekeeper and a chief of Manasseh, with references found in 1 Chronicles.
יְדִיעֲאֵל n.pr.m.
a Benjamite
one of David’s heroes
a Korahite porter
base
H3043 יְדִיעֲאֵל
3043 Ydiy`a'el yed-ee-ah-ale'
from 3045 and 410; knowing God; Jediael, the name of three
Israelites:--Jediael.
see HEBREW for 03045
see HEBREW for 0410
יְדִיעֲאֵל (ye.di.a.el) — Jediael.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at 1Ch.7.6;
son of: Benjamin (H1144);
brother of: Bela (H1106A), Becher (H1071), Ashbel (H0788), Gera (H1617), Naaman (H5283), Ehi (H0278), Rosh (H7220), Muppim (H4649), Huppim (H2650H), Ard (H0714) and Ahiram (H0297);
father of: Bilhan (H1092H)
§ Jediael = "God makes known"
1) a chief patriarch of the tribe of Benjamin; maybe the same as 'Ashbel'
2) the 2nd son of Meshelemiahand a Korahite gatekeeper
3) son of Shimri and one of David's mighty warriors
4) one of the chiefs of the thousands of Manasseh who joined David on his march to Ziklag; maybe the same man as 3 above
יְדִיעֲאֵל (ye.di.a.el) — Jediael.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.11.45;
son of: Shimri (H8113H);
brother of: Joha (H3109H)
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
je-di'-a-el (yedhi`a'-el, "God makes known" (?)):
(1) A "son" of Benjamin or probably of Zebulun (1Ch 7:6,10,11). See Curtis, Chronicles, 145-49, who suggests emending the name to yachle'el, Jahleel, in agreement with Ge 46:24.
(2) One of David's mighty men (1Ch 11:45), probably = the Manassite who deserted to David at Ziklag (1Ch 12:20 (Hebrew 21)).
(3) A Korahite doorkeeper in David's reign (1Ch 26:2).
Jediael
Known by God. (1.) One of the sons of Benjamin, whose descendants numbered 17,200 warriors (1 Chr. 7:6, 10, 11).
(2.) A Shimrite, one of David’s bodyguard (1 Chr. 11:45). Probably same as in 12:20.
(3.) A Korhite of the family of Ebiasaph, and one of the gate-keepers to the temple (1 Chr. 26:2).
(known of God). A chief patriarch of the tribe of Benjamin. (1 Chronicles 7:6,11) It is usually assumed that Jediael is the same as Ashbel, (Genesis 46:21; Numbers 26:38; 1 Chronicles 8:1) but this is not certain. Second son of Meshelemiah, a Levite. (1 Chronicles 26:1,2) Son of Shimri; one of the heroes of David’s guard. (1 Chronicles 11:45) (B.C. 1046.) One of the chiefs of the thousands of Manasseh who joined David on his march to Ziklag. (1 Chronicles 12:20) comp.
the science, or knowledge, of God
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שִׁמְרִי (Shimriy) means "vigilant" and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, particularly during the Divided Monarchy. Notably, Shimri is mentioned as a Simeonite, the father of Jedaiah, and associated with Levite families. The entries highlight his lineage and roles, but do not provide extensive details beyond these connections.
שִׁמְרִי n.pr.m.
in Simeon
father of a hero of David
Levites
base
H8113 שִׁמְרִי
8113 Shimriy shim-ree'
from 8105 in its original sense; watchful; Shimri, the name
of four Israelites:--Shimri.
see HEBREW for 08105
שִׁמְרִי (shim.ri) — Shimri.
A man of the tribe of Simeon(?) living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.37;
son of: Shemaiah (H8098C);
father of: Jedaiah (H3042)
§ Shimri = "vigilant"
1) a Simeonite, son of Shemaiah and father of Jedaiah
2) father of Jediael, one of David's mighty warriors
3) a Merarite Levite, son of Hosah
4) a Kohathite Levite of the sons of Elizaphan
שִׁמְרִי (shim.ri) — Shimri.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.11.45;
father of: Jediael (H3043H), Joha (H3109H)
§ Shimri = "vigilant"
1) a Simeonite, son of Shemaiah and father of Jedaiah
2) father of Jediael, one of David's mighty warriors
3) a Merarite Levite, son of Hosah
4) a Kohathite Levite of the sons of Elizaphan
שִׁמְרִי (shim.ri) — Shimri.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.26.10;
son of: Hosah (H2621H);
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
shim'-ri (shimri; various forms in the Septuagint): There are four Hebrews mentioned in the Bible who bear this name:
(1) A Simeonite, a son of Shemaiah and father of Jedaiah, a chief of his tribe (1Ch 4:37).
(2) The father of Jediael, a bodyguard of King David (1Ch 11:45).
(3) A son of Hosah, a Levite. He was appointed by David to be doorkeeper in the house of the Lord. He was made chief of the tribe, although not the firstborn of his family (1Ch 26:10).
(4) One of the sons of Elizaphan, a Levite. He assisted in purifying the temple in the time of Hezekiah (2Ch 29:13).
S. L. Umbach
Shimri
Watchman. (1.) A Simeonite (1 Chr. 4:37).
(2.) The father of one of the “valiant men” of David’s armies (1 Chr. 11:45).
(3.) Assisted at the purification of the temple in the time of Hezekiah (2 Chr. 29:13).
(vigilant). A Simeonite son of Shemaiah. (1 Chronicles 4:37) (B.C. after 1450.) The father of Jediael, one of David’s guard. (1 Chronicles 11:45) (B.C. before 1043.) A Kohathite Levite in the reign of Hezekiah. (2 Chronicles 29:13) (B.C. 726.)
thorn; dregs
יוֹחָא (Yowcha') likely means 'Jehovah gives life.' It refers to two individuals: one is a Benjamite mentioned in 1 Chronicles 8:16, and the other is a Tizite who served as one of David's mighty warriors, noted in 1 Chronicles 11:45. The name is built from elements related to Jehovah and life.
יוֹחָא n.pr.m.
a Benjamite
one of David’s heroes
base
H3109 יוֹחָא
3109 Yowcha' yo-khaw'
probably from 3068 and a variation of 2421; Jehovah-revived;
Jocha, the name of two Israelites:--Joha.
see HEBREW for 03068
see HEBREW for 02421
יוֹחָא (yo.ach) — Joha.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, only mentioned at 1Ch.8.16;
son of: Beriah (H1283I);
brother of: Arad (H6166B), Ahio (H0283H), Shashak (H8349), Jeremoth (H3406I), Zebadiah (H2069), Eder (H5738), Michael (H4317L) and Ishpah (H3472)
§ Joha = "Jehovah gives life"
1) one of the sons of Beriah the Benjamite
2) the Tizite, one of David's mighty warriors
יוֹחָא (yo.ach) — Joha.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.11.45;
son of: Shimri (H8113H);
brother of: Jediael (H3043H)
§ Joha = "Jehovah gives life"
1) one of the sons of Beriah the Benjamite
2) the Tizite, one of David's mighty warriors
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
(Jehovah gives life). One of the sons of Beriah the Benjamite. (1 Chronicles 8:16) (B.C. 588 or 536.) The Tizite, one of David’s guard. (1 Chronicles 11:45) (B.C. 1046.)
who enlivens or gives life
אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.
אָח 630 n.m. brother
brother, born of same mother (& father)
indef. = relative
fig. of resemblance
in phr. one … another
base
H251 אָח brother
251 'ach awkh
a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of
literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance
(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.
Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".
see HEBREW for 01
אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.
: male-sibling
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.
: male-relative
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.
: compatriot
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
תִּיצִי (Tiytsiy) refers to a Tizite, someone descended from or inhabiting an unknown place called Tiz. The term appears in 1 Chronicles 11:45, but its exact meaning and origin remain uncertain, as noted in the lexicons.
תִּיצִי adj.gent. (?): 1 Ch 11:45, unknown.
ref
H8491 תִּיצִי
8491 Tiytsiy tee-tsee'
patrial or patronymically from an unused noun of uncertain
meaning; a Titsite or descendant or inhabitant of an unknown
Tits:--Tizite.
תִּיצִי (ti.tsi) — Tizite.
Someone descended from Tiz(?), only mentioned at 1Ch.11.45
§ Tizite = "thou shall go forth"
an inhabitant of Tiz
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
ti'-zit (ha-titsi; Codex Vaticanus ho Ieasei; Codex Alexandrinus ho Thosaei; Lucian Athosi): A gentilic attached to the name "Joha" (1Ch 11:45), one of the soldiers of David; the origin is totally unknown.