Hebrew Word Reference — Job 30:12
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
Benjamin was a son of Israel and Rachel, and the brother of Joseph, mentioned in Genesis 35:18. The name also refers to the right hand or south direction.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.35.18; son of: Israel (H3478) and Rachel (H7354); brother of: Joseph (H3130); half-brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074) and Dinah (H1783); father of: Bela (H1106A), Becher (H1071), Ashbel (H0788), Gera (H1617), Naaman (H5283), Ehi (H0278), Rosh (H7220), Muppim (H4649), Huppim (H2650H), Ard (H0714), Ahiram (H0297) and Jediael (H3043); also called Jamin at 1Sa.9.1,4; 22.7; 1x Another name of bin.ya.min (בִּנְיָמִין "Benjamin" H1144G)
Usage: Occurs in 134 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] left-handed, right (hand, side), south. See also: Genesis 13:9; Psalms 18:36; Psalms 16:8.
This word refers to a brood or group of young animals, like a family of birds. It can also mean youth or a group of young people, describing a stage of life or development.
Definition: brood
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: youth. See also: Job 30:12.
Qum means to rise or stand up, used in various contexts like rising to power or standing firm, as seen in Jeremiah and Ezra.
Definition: Combined with lev (לֵב "Leb" H3820B) § -Kamai = "my adversary" Leb-kamai, i.e., people of Gambulai
Usage: Occurs in 596 OT verses. KJV: abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising). See also: Genesis 4:8; Numbers 30:13; Ruth 4:10.
This word also means a foot, like when God says he will tread on the wicked in Malachi 4:3. It's used to describe human and animal feet, as well as the base of objects like tables or idols.
Definition: 1) foot 1a) foot, leg 1b) of God (anthropomorphic) 1c) of seraphim, cherubim, idols, animals, table 1d) according to the pace of (with prep) 1e) three times (feet, paces) Aramaic equivalent: re.gal (רְגַל "foot" H7271)
Usage: Occurs in 232 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] be able to endure, [idiom] according as, [idiom] after, [idiom] coming, [idiom] follow, (broken-)foot(-ed, -stool), [idiom] great toe, [idiom] haunt, [idiom] journey, leg, [phrase] piss, [phrase] possession, time. See also: Genesis 8:9; 2 Samuel 22:39; Psalms 8:7.
To send or depart is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which has various applications in the Bible. It can describe sending someone or something away, or letting something go.
Definition: : depart/send 1) to send, send away, let go, stretch out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to send 1a2) to stretch out, extend, direct 1a3) to send away 1a4) to let loose 1b) (Niphal) to be sent 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to send off or away or out or forth, dismiss, give over, cast out 1c2) to let go, set free 1c3) to shoot forth (of branches) 1c4) to let down 1c5) to shoot 1d) (Pual) to be sent off, be put away, be divorced, be impelled 1e) (Hiphil) to send
Usage: Occurs in 790 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out). See also: Genesis 3:22; Exodus 9:27; Joshua 14:11.
This verb means to build or exalt something, like a road or a song, as seen in Isaiah 57:14 and 62:10 where God commands the Israelites to build a highway for his people. It can also mean to oppose or resist something.
Definition: 1) to lift up, cast up, exalt 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to cast up a highway 1a2) to cast up a way 1a3) to lift up (of song) 1b) (Pilpel) to exalt, esteem highly, prize 1c) (Hithpoel) to exalt oneself
Usage: Occurs in 10 OT verses. KJV: cast up, exalt (self), extol, make plain, raise up. See also: Exodus 9:17; Proverbs 15:19; Psalms 68:5.
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
A way or path, describing a road or journey, whether physical or metaphorical. This term is used to talk about travel, direction, and life's journey, often in wisdom literature and prophetic writings. It is found in books like Proverbs and Isaiah.
Definition: 1) way, path 1a) path, road 1b) the path, way, passing of life (fig.) 1c) way of living (fig.) 1d) traveller, wayfarer (meton) Aramaic equivalent: o.rach (אֹ֫רַח "way" H0735)
Usage: Occurs in 58 OT verses. KJV: manner, path, race, rank, traveller, troop, (by-, high-) way. See also: Genesis 18:11; Proverbs 1:19; Psalms 8:9.
This Hebrew word means calamity or disaster, and can also mean oppression or misfortune. It's used in the Bible to describe difficult times, like in the book of Job.
Definition: 1) distress, burden, calamity 1a) burden (of the righteous) 1b) calamity (of nation) 1c) disaster (of wicked) 1d) day of calamity
Usage: Occurs in 22 OT verses. KJV: calamity, destruction. See also: Deuteronomy 32:35; Proverbs 6:15; Psalms 18:19.
Context — Job’s Honor Turned to Contempt
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) |
| 1 |
Job 19:12 |
His troops advance together; they construct a ramp against me and encamp around my tent. |
| 2 |
Isaiah 3:5 |
The people will oppress one another, man against man, neighbor against neighbor; the young will rise up against the old, and the base against the honorable. |
| 3 |
Job 19:18 |
Even little boys scorn me; when I appear, they deride me. |
| 4 |
Psalms 140:4–5 |
Guard me, O LORD, from the hands of the wicked. Keep me safe from men of violence who scheme to make me stumble. The proud hide a snare for me; the cords of their net are spread along the path, and lures are set out for me. Selah |
Job 30:12 Summary
[In Job 30:12, Job describes how his enemies are rising up against him, laying traps for him, and building up their attacks, much like an army would build siege ramps to conquer a city. This is a picture of the intense spiritual warfare that we all face, as described in Ephesians 6:12. Just like Job, we can trust that God is our protector and deliverer, and that He will help us navigate these challenges. As it says in Psalms 23:4, 'Even though I walk through the darkest valley, I will fear no evil, for you are with me; your rod and your staff comfort me.']
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean for the rabble to arise at Job's right?
In Job 30:12, the rabble arising at Job's right likely refers to the gathering of his enemies or those who oppose him, as seen in Psalms 109:6 and Psalms 16:8, where the right hand is associated with a position of honor or strength, but in this context, it is a symbol of opposition and threat to Job's well-being.
Why do the rabble lay snares for Job's feet?
The snares laid for Job's feet, as mentioned in Job 30:12, signify the efforts of his enemies to trip him up or cause him to stumble, much like the concept of being snared by sin in Proverbs 5:22, where it says that the iniquities of the wicked will capture them, and they will be held captive by the cords of their own sin.
What is the significance of building siege ramps against Job?
The act of building siege ramps, as described in Job 30:12, is a metaphor for the intense opposition and pressure that Job faces from his enemies, much like the siege ramps used in warfare, as seen in Ezekiel 4:2 and 2 Kings 25:1, where they were used to breach the walls of a city, here it represents the emotional and spiritual assault on Job.
How can we apply this verse to our own lives?
We can apply Job 30:12 to our own lives by recognizing that we all face spiritual enemies and pressures, as warned in Ephesians 6:12, and that we must trust in God's sovereignty and protection, just as Job did, as seen in Job 13:15, where he says, 'Though he slay me, yet will I hope in him'.
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my life where I feel like I am being laid with snares, and how can I trust God to deliver me?
- How do I respond when I feel like I am under siege by my enemies or circumstances, and what can I learn from Job's example?
- In what ways can I build my spiritual defenses and trust in God's protection, just as a city would build walls and ramps for protection?
- What does it mean for me to 'hope in God' in the midst of trials and pressures, and how can I cultivate that hope in my life?
Gill's Exposition on Job 30:12
Upon [my] right [hand] rise the youth,.... "Springeth", as Mr.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Job 30:12
Upon my right hand rise the youth; they push away my feet, and they raise up against me the ways of their destruction. Youth - rather, a (low) brood [ pirchach (H6526)].
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Job 30:12
Upon my right hand. This circumstance is noted, either because this was the place of adversaries or accusers in courts of justice, ; or to show their boldness and contempt of him, that they durst oppose him even on that side where his chief strength lay. Rise, to wit, in way of contempt and opposition, or to accuse and reproach me, as my friends now do; as one who by my great, but secret, wickedness have brought these miseries upon myself. The youth, Heb. young striplings, who formerly hid themselves from my presence, . They push away my feet; either, 1. Properly, they trip up my heels Or rather, 2. Metaphorically, they endeavour utterly to overwhelm my goings, and to cast me down to the ground. The ways, i.e. causeways, or banks; so it is a metaphor from soldiers, who raise or cast up banks against the city which they besiege. Or, they raise up a level, or smooth the path by continual treading it; they prepare, and contrive, and use several methods to destroy me. Of their destruction; either, 1.
Passively; so the sense is, they raise or heap upon me, i.e. impute to me, the ways, i.e. the causes, of their ruin; they charge me to be the author of their ruin. Or rather, 2. Actively, of that destruction which they design and carry on against me; which best suits with the whole context, wherein Job is constantly represented as the patient, and wicked men as the agents.
Trapp's Commentary on Job 30:12
Job 30:12 Upon [my] right [hand] rise the youth; they push away my feet, and they raise up against me the ways of their destruction.Ver. 12. Upon the right hand rise the youth] Broughton readeth, The springals. The Hebrew hath it, The blossom, or the young birds, Vix puberes, such as are scarcely out of the shell. The youngsters, the boys, scoffed and abused Job. The lawless rout, riding without reins, took a licentious boldness to despise and despite him, because he was ever most severe against their unruly practices. They push away my feet] They trip up my heels, as we phrase it, and lay me along. Vide admirandam humanae sortis varietatem, saith Brentius here; i.e. See the strange turns of human condition. Job was wont to have the chief seats in the temple, and salutations in the market place; now he cannot have a room anywhere to stand in, but every paltry boy is pushing him down. May it not be said of Job, as it was of that emperor, that he was fortunae pila et lusus?
But he saw God in all. And they raise up against me the ways of their destruction] Allegoria castrensis. Job borroweth this expression from the camp, as he doth many more from other things, whensoever he speaketh of his great afflictions, and the contempt that was cast upon him. Upon me they tread the paths of their unhappiness, so Beza; that is, they make a path in which they may practise that their malapert boldness in doing mischief. They beat their paths by running up and down therein, to undo me, so Vatablus; they cast upon me the causes of their woe, so Broughton.
Ellicott's Commentary on Job 30:12
(12) The youth—i.e., the young brood, rabble.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Job 30:12
Verse 12. Upon my right hand rise the youth] The word פרחח pirchach, which we translate youth, signifies properly buds, or the buttons of trees. Mr. Good has younglings. Younkers would be better, were it not too colloquial. They push away my feet] They trip up my heels, or they in effect trample me under their feet. They rush upon and overwhelm me. They are violently incensed against me. They roll themselves upon me, התגלגלו hithgalgalu, velut unda impellit undam, as waves of the sea which wash the sand from under the feet, and then swamp the man to the bottom; see Job 30:14.
Cambridge Bible on Job 30:12
12. This verse reads, Upon the right hand riseth up a (low) brood, They push away my feet, And they cast up against me their ways of destruction. By “pushing away” his feet, appears to be meant thrusting him away from place to place. The last clause refers to the practice of besiegers casting up a “mount” or raised way on which to approach the beleaguered town and carry destruction to it; such “mounts” are here called “their ways of destruction.”
Barnes' Notes on Job 30:12
Upon my right hand rise the youth - The right hand is the place of honor, and therefore it was felt to be a greater insult that they should occupy even that place.
Whedon's Commentary on Job 30:12
12. Right hand — The place of vantage. This was the position of the accuser in court. (Zechariah 3:1.) Evil has the vantage ground here: in heaven, Christ standeth at the right hand of God.
Sermons on Job 30:12
| Sermon | Description |
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David's Prayer for Deliverance
by Chuck Smith
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In this sermon, Pastor Chuck Smith discusses the distress and brokenness that can be felt in life. He uses the analogy of chopping wood and the scattered chips to describe the scat |