Jeremiah 34:19

Jeremiah 34:19 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

The officials of Judah and Jerusalem, the court officials, the priests, and all the people of the land who passed between the pieces of the calf,

King James Version KJV

The princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs, and the priests, and all the people of the land, which passed between the parts of the calf;

American Standard Version ASV

the princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs, and the priests, and all the people of the land, that passed between the parts of the calf;

Bible in Basic English BBE

The rulers of Judah and the rulers of Jerusalem, the unsexed servants and the priests and all the people of the land who went between the parts of the ox,

Free Bible Version FBV

I will hand them over to their enemies who are trying to kill them. This includes the leaders of Judah and Jerusalem, the court officials, the priests, and everyone else who passed between the pieces of the calf.

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

The princes of Iudah, and the princes of Ierusalem, the Eunuches, and the Priestes, and all the people of the lande, which passed betweene the partes of the calfe,

Young's Literal Translation YLT

heads of Judah, and heads of Jerusalem, the officers, and the priests, and all the people of the land those passing through between the pieces of the calf —

World English Bible WEB

the princes of Judah, the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs, the priests, and all the people of the land, who passed between the parts of the calf.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

The princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs, and the priests, and all the people of the land, who passed between the parts of the calf;

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

The princes of Juda, and the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs, and the priests, and all the people of the land that passed between the parts of the calf:

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Berean Amplified Bible — Jeremiah 34:19

BAB

Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

Jeremiah 34:19 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB

HEB שָׂרֵ֨י יְהוּדָ֜ה וְ/שָׂרֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם הַ/סָּֽרִסִים֙ וְ/הַ/כֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים וְ/כֹ֖ל עַ֣ם הָ/אָ֑רֶץ הָ/עֹ֣בְרִ֔ים בֵּ֖ין בִּתְרֵ֥י הָ/עֵֽגֶל

שָׂרֵ֨י sar H8269 ruler N-mp

יְהוּדָ֜ה Yᵉhûwdâh H3063 Judah N-proper

וְ/שָׂרֵ֣י sar H8269 ruler Conj | N-mp

יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם Yᵉrûwshâlaim H3389 Jerusalem N-proper

הַ/סָּֽרִסִים֙ çârîyç H5631 eunuch Art | N-mp

וְ/הַ/כֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים kôhên H3548 priest Conj | Art | N-mp

וְ/כֹ֖ל kôl H3605 all Conj | N-ms

עַ֣ם ʻam H5971 Amaw N-ms

הָ/אָ֑רֶץ ʼerets H776 land Art | N-cs

הָ/עֹ֣בְרִ֔ים ʻâbar H5674 to pass Art | V-Qal

בֵּ֖ין bêyn H996 between Prep

בִּתְרֵ֥י bether H1335 part N-mp

הָ/עֵֽגֶל ʻêgel H5695 calf Art | N-ms

Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — Jeremiah 34:19

שָׂרֵ֨י sar H8269 "ruler" N-mp

A leader or person in charge, like a prince or captain, as seen in the Bible with King David and other rulers.

Definition: 1) prince, ruler, leader, chief, chieftain, official, captain 1a) chieftain, leader 1b) vassal, noble, official (under king) 1c) captain, general, commander (military) 1d) chief, head, overseer (of other official classes) 1e) heads, princes (of religious office) 1f) elders (of representative leaders of people) 1g) merchant-princes (of rank and dignity) 1h) patron-angel 1i) Ruler of rulers (of God) 1j) warden

Usage: Occurs in 368 OT verses. KJV: captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward. See also: Genesis 12:15; 1 Kings 22:32; 2 Chronicles 32:21.

יְהוּדָ֜ה Yᵉhûwdâh H3063 "Judah" N-proper

Judah is the name of the tribe descended from Judah, the son of Jacob. It is also the name of the region where the tribe lived. The name means 'praised' and is first mentioned in Genesis.

Definition: § Judah = "praised" the tribe descended from Judah the son of Jacob

Usage: Occurs in 754 OT verses. KJV: Judah. See also: Genesis 29:35; 1 Samuel 23:3; 2 Kings 14:13.

וְ/שָׂרֵ֣י sar H8269 "ruler" Conj | N-mp

A leader or person in charge, like a prince or captain, as seen in the Bible with King David and other rulers.

יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם Yᵉrûwshâlaim H3389 "Jerusalem" N-proper

Jerusalem is the capital city of Palestine, also known as the city of peace. It was the chief city of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split.

Definition: § Jerusalem = "teaching of peace" the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split

Usage: Occurs in 600 OT verses. KJV: Jerusalem. See also: Joshua 10:1; 2 Kings 22:14; 2 Chronicles 24:6.

הַ/סָּֽרִסִים֙ çârîyç H5631 "eunuch" Art | N-mp

A eunuch was a high-ranking official in a royal court, often in charge of the female apartments. This word is used in the Bible to describe important ministers of state. In the book of Acts, the Ethiopian eunuch was a prominent official who met Philip and became a Christian.

Definition: official, eunuch

Usage: Occurs in 42 OT verses. KJV: chamberlain, eunuch, officer. Compare H7249 (רַב־סָרִיס). See also: Genesis 37:36; Esther 2:21; Isaiah 39:7.

וְ/הַ/כֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים kôhên H3548 "priest" Conj | Art | N-mp

In the Bible, a priest is a person who serves God and leads others in worship, like the Levitical priests in Exodus. They were responsible for making sacrifices and following God's laws. This term is also used to describe Jesus as a priest-king.

Definition: 1) priest, principal officer or chief ruler 1a) priest-king (Melchizedek, Messiah) 1b) pagan priests 1c) priests of Jehovah 1d) Levitical priests 1e) Zadokite priests 1f) Aaronic priests 1g) the high priest Aramaic equivalent: ka.hen (כָּהֵן "priest" H3549)

Usage: Occurs in 653 OT verses. KJV: chief ruler, [idiom] own, priest, prince, principal officer. See also: Genesis 14:18; Leviticus 13:33; Numbers 17:2.

וְ/כֹ֖ל kôl H3605 "all" Conj | N-ms

The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.

Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.

עַ֣ם ʻam H5971 "Amaw" N-ms

A people or nation is what this Hebrew word represents, like the nation of Israel in Exodus 33:13. It can also mean a tribe, troops, or attendants, and is used to describe a group of people gathered together. The word is often used to refer to the people of God.

Definition: This name means nation, people

Usage: Occurs in 1655 OT verses. KJV: folk, men, nation, people. See also: Genesis 11:6; Exodus 16:4; Leviticus 17:9.

הָ/אָ֑רֶץ ʼerets H776 "land" Art | N-cs

The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.

Definition: : soil 1) land, earth 1a) earth 1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part) 1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven) 1a3) earth (inhabitants) 1b) land 1b1) country, territory 1b2) district, region 1b3) tribal territory 1b4) piece of ground 1b5) land of Canaan, Israel 1b6) inhabitants of land 1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world 1b8) city (-state) 1c) ground, surface of the earth 1c1) ground 1c2) soil 1d) (in phrases) 1d1) people of the land 1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance) 1d3) level or plain country 1d4) land of the living 1d5) end(s) of the earth 1e) (almost wholly late in usage) 1e1) lands, countries 1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan

Usage: Occurs in 2190 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 18:18; Genesis 42:13.

הָ/עֹ֣בְרִ֔ים ʻâbar H5674 "to pass" Art | V-Qal

This verb can mean to cross over or transition from one thing to another, and is sometimes used to describe being arrogant or crossing a boundary.

Definition: 1) to pass over or by or through, alienate, bring, carry, do away, take, take away, transgress 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to pass over, cross, cross over, pass over, march over, overflow, go over 1a2) to pass beyond 1a3) to pass through, traverse 1a3a) passers-through (participle) 1a3b) to pass through (the parts of victim in covenant) 1a4) to pass along, pass by, overtake and pass, sweep by 1a4a) passer-by (participle) 1a4b) to be past, be over 1a5) to pass on, go on, pass on before, go in advance of, pass along, travel, advance 1a6) to pass away 1a6a) to emigrate, leave (one's territory) 1a6b) to vanish 1a6c) to perish, cease to exist 1a6d) to become invalid, become obsolete (of law, decree) 1a6e) to be alienated, pass into other hands 1b) (Niphal) to be crossed 1c) (Piel) to impregnate, cause to cross 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to pass over, cause to bring over, cause to cross over, make over to, dedicate, devote 1d2) to cause to pass through 1d3) to cause to pass by or beyond or under, let pass by 1d4) to cause to pass away, cause to take away 1e) (Hithpael) to pass over

Usage: Occurs in 493 OT verses. KJV: alienate, alter, [idiom] at all, beyond, bring (over, through), carry over, (over-) come (on, over), conduct (over), convey over, current, deliver, do away, enter, escape, fail, gender, get over, (make) go (away, beyond, by, forth, his way, in, on, over, through), have away (more), lay, meddle, overrun, make partition, (cause to, give, make to, over) pass(-age, along, away, beyond, by, -enger, on, out, over, through), (cause to, make) [phrase] proclaim(-amation), perish, provoke to anger, put away, rage, [phrase] raiser of taxes, remove, send over, set apart, [phrase] shave, cause to (make) sound, [idiom] speedily, [idiom] sweet smelling, take (away), (make to) transgress(-or), translate, turn away, (way-) faring man, be wrath. See also: Genesis 8:1; Deuteronomy 27:2; 1 Samuel 25:19.

בֵּ֖ין bêyn H996 "between" Prep

Between is the meaning of this preposition, used to show a location or a choice, like either or, as seen in Exodus where it describes the space between two objects.

Definition: : between between, among, in the midst of (with other preps), from between

Usage: Occurs in 248 OT verses. KJV: among, asunder, at, between (-twixt...and), [phrase] from (the widest), [idiom] in, out of, whether (it be...or), within. See also: Genesis 1:4; Joshua 24:7; Psalms 68:14.

בִּתְרֵ֥י bether H1335 "part" N-mp

This word refers to a part or section of something, like an animal cut in half for a sacrifice. It is used in Leviticus 8:20, describing a priestly sacrifice. The KJV translates it as 'part' or 'piece'.

Definition: 1) part, piece 1a) of the parts of an animal cut in half for a sacrifice

Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: part, piece. See also: Genesis 15:10; Jeremiah 34:18; Jeremiah 34:19.

הָ/עֵֽגֶל ʻêgel H5695 "calf" Art | N-ms

In the Bible, this Hebrew word refers to a young male calf, nearly grown into a steer. It appears in the book of Exodus and Leviticus, describing animal sacrifices. The word is often translated as 'bullock' or 'calf'.

Definition: calf, bull-calf

Usage: Occurs in 35 OT verses. KJV: bullock, calf. See also: Exodus 32:4; 2 Chronicles 13:8; Psalms 29:6.

Study Notes — Jeremiah 34:19

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Context
Cross References
Jeremiah 34:19 Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Reflection Questions
Gill's Exposition on Jeremiah 34:19
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Jeremiah 34:19
Trapp's Commentary on Jeremiah 34:19
Ellicott's Commentary on Jeremiah 34:19
Cambridge Bible on Jeremiah 34:19
Sermons on Jeremiah 34:19

Context — Freedom for Hebrew Slaves

17Therefore this is what the LORD says: You have not obeyed Me; you have not proclaimed freedom, each man for his brother and for his neighbor. So now I proclaim freedom for you, declares the LORD—freedom to fall by sword, by plague, and by famine! I will make you a horror to all the kingdoms of the earth. 18And those who have transgressed My covenant and have not fulfilled the terms of the covenant they made before Me, I will treat like the calf they cut in two in order to pass between its pieces.

19The officials of Judah and Jerusalem, the court officials, the priests, and all the people of the land who passed between the pieces of the calf,

20I will deliver into the hands of their enemies who seek their lives. Their corpses will become food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth. 21And I will deliver Zedekiah king of Judah and his officials into the hands of their enemies who seek their lives, to the army of the king of Babylon that had withdrawn from you.

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	Jeremiah 34:10	So all the officials and all the people who entered into this covenant agreed that they would free their menservants and maidservants and no longer hold them in bondage. They obeyed and released them,
2	Zephaniah 3:3–4	Her princes are roaring lions; her judges are evening wolves, leaving nothing for the morning. Her prophets are reckless, faithless men. Her priests profane the sanctuary; they do violence to the law.
3	Daniel 9:6	We have not listened to Your servants the prophets, who spoke in Your name to our kings, leaders, and fathers, and to all the people of the land.
4	Jeremiah 38:7	Now Ebed-melech the Cushite, a court official in the royal palace, heard that Jeremiah had been put into the cistern. While the king was sitting at the Gate of Benjamin,
5	Jeremiah 29:2	(This was after King Jeconiah, the queen mother, the court officials, the officials of Judah and Jerusalem, the craftsmen, and the metalsmiths had been exiled from Jerusalem.)
6	2 Kings 24:15	Nebuchadnezzar carried away Jehoiachin to Babylon, as well as the king’s mother, his wives, his officials, and the leading men of the land. He took them into exile from Jerusalem to Babylon.
7	Micah 7:1–5	Woe is me! For I am like one gathering summer fruit at the gleaning of the vineyard; there is no cluster to eat, no early fig that I crave. The godly man has perished from the earth; there is no one upright among men. They all lie in wait for blood; they hunt one another with a net. Both hands are skilled at evil; the prince and the judge demand a bribe. When the powerful utters his evil desire, they all conspire together. The best of them is like a brier; the most upright is sharper than a hedge of thorns. The day for your watchmen has come, the day of your visitation. Now is the time of their confusion. Do not rely on a friend; do not trust in a companion. Seal the doors of your mouth from her who lies in your arms.
8	Ezekiel 22:27–31	Her officials within her are like wolves tearing their prey, shedding blood, and destroying lives for dishonest gain. Her prophets whitewash these deeds by false visions and lying divinations, saying, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says,’ when the LORD has not spoken. The people of the land have practiced extortion and committed robbery. They have oppressed the poor and needy and have exploited the foreign resident without justice. I searched for a man among them to repair the wall and stand in the gap before Me on behalf of the land, so that I should not destroy it. But I found no one. So I have poured out My indignation upon them and consumed them with the fire of My fury. I have brought their ways down upon their own heads, declares the Lord GOD.”
9	Daniel 9:12	You have carried out the words spoken against us and against our rulers by bringing upon us a great disaster. For under all of heaven, nothing has ever been done like what has been done to Jerusalem.
10	2 Kings 24:12	Jehoiachin king of Judah, his mother, his servants, his commanders, and his officials all surrendered to the king of Babylon. So in the eighth year of his reign, the king of Babylon took him captive.

Jeremiah 34:19 Summary

In Jeremiah 34:19, God is talking to the leaders and people of Judah and Jerusalem who made a promise to Him by cutting a calf in two and walking between the pieces. This was a serious vow, like the one Abraham made in Genesis 15:9-10. God is saying that they didn't keep their promise, and now they will face the consequences, as seen in Jeremiah 34:20-21. We can learn from this that our commitments and promises to God are important, and we should strive to be faithful to Him, just like He is faithful to us (Lamentations 3:22-23).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the significance of passing between the pieces of a calf in Jeremiah 34:19?

This act symbolizes a covenant or promise made before God, as seen in Genesis 15:9-10, where Abraham made a covenant with God by cutting animals in two and passing between the pieces, signifying a solemn vow or commitment.

Who are the officials, court officials, and priests mentioned in Jeremiah 34:19?

These individuals were the leaders and spiritual guides of Judah and Jerusalem, responsible for upholding God's laws and covenant, as mentioned in Deuteronomy 17:18-20 and Ezekiel 22:26.

Why is God addressing these specific groups of people in Jeremiah 34:19?

God is holding them accountable for their actions and lack of obedience to His covenant, as stated in Jeremiah 34:17-18, where He declares that they have not proclaimed freedom to their fellow men as He commanded.

How does this verse relate to the rest of Jeremiah 34?

Jeremiah 34:19 is part of a larger passage where God is condemning the people of Judah for their disobedience and lack of faithfulness to His covenant, as seen in Jeremiah 34:8-22, where He pronounces judgment on those who have broken their vows.

Reflection Questions

What are some areas in my life where I may be breaking faith with God's covenant, and how can I make amends?
In what ways can I, like the officials and priests in Jeremiah 34:19, be held accountable for my actions and influence on others?
How can I apply the principle of proclaiming freedom to my brothers and neighbors, as God commands in Jeremiah 34:17, in my daily life and relationships?
What are some ways I can demonstrate my commitment to God's covenant and His laws, as Abraham did in Genesis 15:9-10?

Gill's Exposition on Jeremiah 34:19

The princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem,.... Here is a particular enumeration of the persons that had made the covenant, and transgressed it, and that should suffer for so doing; the

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Jeremiah 34:19

The princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs, and the priests, and all the people of the land, which passed between the parts of the calf; No JFB commentary on this verse.

Trapp's Commentary on Jeremiah 34:19

Jeremiah 34:19 The princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs, and the priests, and all the people of the land, which passed between the parts of the calf;Ver. 19. The princes of Judah.] These were most of them cut in pieces by the King of Babylon, as the calf had been.

Ellicott's Commentary on Jeremiah 34:19

(19) The eunuchs.—See Note on Jeremiah 29:2. They were for the most part, if not always, of alien birth (comp. Isaiah 56:3), as in the case of Ebed-melech (Jeremiah 38:7), who had become proselytes on entering the king’s service. The prominence given to them indicates that in Judah as in Assyria, and we may add, in all Oriental monarchies, they held high position in the king’s court, and had probably, like the princes of Judah and Jerusalem, enriched themselves by lending money to the poorer Israelites, and then bringing them into bondage. It is significant that here they take precedence of the priests, as in Jeremiah 29:2 of the princes.

Cambridge Bible on Jeremiah 34:19

8–22. Condemnation of the perjury involved in the treatment of the Hebrew slaves The subsection may be summarized as follows. (i) Jeremiah 34:8-11. Zedekiah induces the people solemnly to bind themselves to release their slaves. They do so, but presently cancel their agreement. (ii) Jeremiah 34:12-16. Jeremiah is bidden to remind the people of the terms of the Law on the subject, and to charge them with perjury in the violation of the covenant they had recently made under solemn sanctions. (iii) Jeremiah 34:17-22. They shall in consequence fall victims to the sword. Their bodies after death shall suffer indignities. The king and his princes shall be taken captive, Jerusalem captured and burnt, and the cities laid waste.

Sermons on Jeremiah 34:19

	Sermon	Description
	Where Do We Go to Eat? by David Wilkerson	David Wilkerson delivers a poignant message from Micah 7, addressing the spiritual famine affecting both ancient Israel and the modern church. He highlights the desperate cry of be
	No Dirty Dogs Shall Ever Trample Upon That Golden Pavement by Thomas Brooks	Thomas Brooks emphasizes the stark contrast between the holiness of heaven and the unholiness of sinful people, using vivid animal imagery to describe the nature of the unholy. He
	The Wolf by Harriet N. Cook	Harriet N. Cook uses the analogy of wolves to illustrate the wild, savage, and cruel nature of sin and wickedness in the world. She draws parallels between the behavior of wolves,

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