Isaiah 23:12
Isaiah 23:12 in Multiple Translations
He said, “You shall rejoice no more, O oppressed Virgin Daughter of Sidon. Get up and cross over to Cyprus— even there you will find no rest.”
And he said, Thou shalt no more rejoice, O thou oppressed virgin, daughter of Zidon: arise, pass over to Chittim; there also shalt thou have no rest.
And he said, Thou shalt no more rejoice, O thou oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon: arise, pass over to Kittim; even there shalt thou have no rest.
And he said, There is no more joy for you, O crushed virgin daughter of Zidon: up! go over to Kittim; even there you will have no rest.
He said, “Don't celebrate any more, mistreated virgin daughter of Sidon. Go and sail over to Cyprus—however, even there you won't find rest.”
And he saide, Thou shalt no more reioyce when thou art oppressed: O virgin daughter of Zidon: rise vp, goe ouer vnto Chittim: yet there thou shalt haue no rest.
And He saith, 'Thou dost not add any more to exult, O oppressed one, virgin daughter of Zidon, To Chittim arise, pass over, Even there — there is no rest for thee.'
He said, “You shall rejoice no more, you oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon. Arise, pass over to Kittim. Even there you will have no rest.”
And he said, Thou shalt no more rejoice, O thou oppressed virgin, daughter of Zidon: arise, pass over to Chittim; there also shalt thou have no rest.
And he said: Thou shalt glory no more, O virgin daughter of Sidon, who art oppressed: arise and sail over to Cethim, there also thou shalt have no, rest.
He said to the people of Sidon, “You will never rejoice again, because you will be crushed; even if you flee to Cyprus island, you will not escape destruction.”
Berean Amplified Bible — Isaiah 23:12
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Isaiah 23:12 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יֹּ֕אמֶר
לֹֽא
תוֹסִ֥יפִי
ע֖וֹד
לַ/עְל֑וֹז
הַֽ/מְעֻשָּׁקָ֞ה
בְּתוּלַ֣ת
בַּת
צִיד֗וֹן
כתיים
כִּתִּים֙
ק֣וּמִי
עֲבֹ֔רִי
גַּם
שָׁ֖ם
לֹא
יָנ֥וּחַֽ
לָֽ/ךְ
וַ/יֹּ֕אמֶר
ʼâmar
H559
to say
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
לֹֽא
lôʼ
H3808
not
Part
תוֹסִ֥יפִי
yâçaph
H3254
to add
V-Hiphil-Imperf-2fs
ע֖וֹד
ʻôwd
H5750
still
Adv
לַ/עְל֑וֹז
ʻâlaz
H5937
to exult
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a
הַֽ/מְעֻשָּׁקָ֞ה
ʻâshaq
H6231
to oppress
Art | V-Pual-Inf-c
בְּתוּלַ֣ת
bᵉthûwlâh
H1330
virgin
N-fs
בַּת
bath
H1323
Bath (Shua)
N-fs
צִיד֗וֹן
Tsîydôwn
H6721
Sidon
N-proper
כתיים
Kittîy
H3794
Cyprus
N-proper
כִּתִּים֙
Kittîy
H3794
Cyprus
N-proper
ק֣וּמִי
qûwm
H6965
-kamai
V-Qal-Impv-2fs
עֲבֹ֔רִי
ʻâbar
H5674
to pass
V-Qal-Impv-2fs
גַּם
gam
H1571
also
DirObjM
שָׁ֖ם
shâm
H8033
there
Adv
לֹא
lôʼ
H3808
not
Part
יָנ֥וּחַֽ
nûwach
H5117
to rest
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
לָֽ/ךְ
Prep | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.
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Hebrew Word Reference — Isaiah 23:12
וַ/יֹּ֕אמֶר
ʼâmar
H559
"to say"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
This Hebrew word means to say or speak, and it's used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to command, promise, or think, and it's translated in the KJV as 'answer', 'appoint', or 'command'.
Definition: 1) to say, speak, utter 1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend 1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called 1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly 1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)
Usage: Occurs in 4337 OT verses. KJV: answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet. See also: Genesis 1:3; Genesis 18:23; Genesis 25:32.
לֹֽא
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
תוֹסִ֥יפִי
yâçaph
H3254
"to add"
V-Hiphil-Imperf-2fs
To add means to increase or do something again, like adding more of something or continuing an action. This word is used in the Bible to describe growth or repetition.
Definition: : add/more[amount] 1) to add, increase, do again 1a) (Qal) to add, increase, do again 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to join, join oneself to 1b2) to be joined, be added to 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to cause to add, increase 1c2) to do more, do again
Usage: Occurs in 205 OT verses. KJV: add, [idiom] again, [idiom] any more, [idiom] cease, [idiom] come more, [phrase] conceive again, continue, exceed, [idiom] further, [idiom] gather together, get more, give more-over, [idiom] henceforth, increase (more and more), join, [idiom] longer (bring, do, make, much, put), [idiom] (the, much, yet) more (and more), proceed (further), prolong, put, be (strong-) er, [idiom] yet, yield. See also: Genesis 4:2; 2 Samuel 19:14; Psalms 10:18.
ע֖וֹד
ʻôwd
H5750
"still"
Adv
The word 'still' means something continues or happens again, like in Genesis 29:26 and Isaiah 2:11. It can also mean 'more' or 'additionally'.
Definition: subst 1) a going round, continuance adv 2) still, yet, again, besides 2a) still, yet (of continuance or persistence) 2b) still, yet, more (of addition or repetition) 2c) again 2d) still, moreover, besides Aramaic equivalent: od (עוֹד "still" H5751)
Usage: Occurs in 459 OT verses. KJV: again, [idiom] all life long, at all, besides, but, else, further(-more), henceforth, (any) longer, (any) more(-over), [idiom] once, since, (be) still, when, (good, the) while (having being), (as, because, whether, while) yet (within). See also: Genesis 4:25; Judges 9:37; 2 Chronicles 32:16.
לַ/עְל֑וֹז
ʻâlaz
H5937
"to exult"
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a
To exult means to jump for joy or rejoice triumphantly. It is used in the Bible to describe feelings of great happiness or celebration, like in Psalm 108:7 where it says God will exult over his people.
Definition: (Qal) to exult, rejoice, triumph
Usage: Occurs in 16 OT verses. KJV: be joyful, rejoice, triumph. See also: 2 Samuel 1:20; Proverbs 23:16; Psalms 28:7.
הַֽ/מְעֻשָּׁקָ֞ה
ʻâshaq
H6231
"to oppress"
Art | V-Pual-Inf-c
To oppress means to press upon or defraud someone, often violently. It is used to describe wrongdoing in the Bible, such as in the book of Exodus.
Definition: 1) to press upon, oppress, violate, defraud, do violence, get deceitfully, wrong, extort 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to oppress, wrong, extort 1a2) to oppress 1b) (Pual) to be exploited, be crushed
Usage: Occurs in 35 OT verses. KJV: get deceitfully, deceive, defraud, drink up, (use) oppress(-ion), -or), do violence (wrong). See also: Leviticus 5:21; Proverbs 14:31; Psalms 72:4.
בְּתוּלַ֣ת
bᵉthûwlâh
H1330
"virgin"
N-fs
A virgin, or bride, is described by this word, emphasizing her private and untouched state, as seen in the stories of Genesis and Esther.
Definition: virgin
Usage: Occurs in 50 OT verses. KJV: maid, virgin. See also: Genesis 24:16; Isaiah 23:12; Psalms 45:15.
בַּת
bath
H1323
"Bath (Shua)"
N-fs
The Hebrew word for daughter is used to describe a female child or a woman, and can also be used figuratively. In the Bible, it is used to describe women like Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah and later of King David.
Definition: A woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.38.2; daughter of: Shua (H7770); married to Judah (H3063); mother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956) the wife of Uriah whom David had murdered, having had adulterous relations with her; subsequently wife of David and mother of Solomon, Shimea, Shobab, and Nathan (alternate spelling to 'Bathsheba')
Usage: Occurs in 498 OT verses. KJV: apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter, [idiom] first, [idiom] old, [phrase] owl, town, village. See also: Genesis 5:4; Exodus 2:21; Ruth 1:13.
צִיד֗וֹן
Tsîydôwn
H6721
"Sidon"
N-proper
Sidon was an ancient city on the Mediterranean coast, named after a son of Canaan, and is mentioned in the Bible as a major Phoenician city.
Definition: Sidon = "hunting" ancient Phoenician city, on Mediterranean coast north of Tyre Another name of tsi.don (צִידוֹן "Sidon" H6721H)
Usage: Occurs in 22 OT verses. KJV: Sidon, Zidon. See also: Genesis 10:15; Isaiah 23:2; Isaiah 23:4.
כתיים
Kittîy
H3794
"Cyprus"
N-proper
This word refers to the island of Cyprus or its inhabitants. In the Bible, it is also used to describe other islanders in the Mediterranean, including the Greeks and Romans. The KJV translates it as 'Chittim' or 'Kittim'.
Definition: § Chittim or Kittim = "bruisers" a general term for all islanders of the Mediterranean Sea
Usage: Occurs in 8 OT verses. KJV: Chittim, Kittim. See also: Genesis 10:4; Isaiah 23:12; Isaiah 23:1.
כִּתִּים֙
Kittîy
H3794
"Cyprus"
N-proper
This word refers to the island of Cyprus or its inhabitants. In the Bible, it is also used to describe other islanders in the Mediterranean, including the Greeks and Romans. The KJV translates it as 'Chittim' or 'Kittim'.
Definition: § Chittim or Kittim = "bruisers" a general term for all islanders of the Mediterranean Sea
Usage: Occurs in 8 OT verses. KJV: Chittim, Kittim. See also: Genesis 10:4; Isaiah 23:12; Isaiah 23:1.
ק֣וּמִי
qûwm
H6965
"-kamai"
V-Qal-Impv-2fs
Qum means to rise or stand up, used in various contexts like rising to power or standing firm, as seen in Jeremiah and Ezra.
Definition: Combined with lev (לֵב "Leb" H3820B) § -Kamai = "my adversary" Leb-kamai, i.e., people of Gambulai
Usage: Occurs in 596 OT verses. KJV: abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising). See also: Genesis 4:8; Numbers 30:13; Ruth 4:10.
עֲבֹ֔רִי
ʻâbar
H5674
"to pass"
V-Qal-Impv-2fs
This verb can mean to cross over or transition from one thing to another, and is sometimes used to describe being arrogant or crossing a boundary.
Definition: 1) to pass over or by or through, alienate, bring, carry, do away, take, take away, transgress 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to pass over, cross, cross over, pass over, march over, overflow, go over 1a2) to pass beyond 1a3) to pass through, traverse 1a3a) passers-through (participle) 1a3b) to pass through (the parts of victim in covenant) 1a4) to pass along, pass by, overtake and pass, sweep by 1a4a) passer-by (participle) 1a4b) to be past, be over 1a5) to pass on, go on, pass on before, go in advance of, pass along, travel, advance 1a6) to pass away 1a6a) to emigrate, leave (one's territory) 1a6b) to vanish 1a6c) to perish, cease to exist 1a6d) to become invalid, become obsolete (of law, decree) 1a6e) to be alienated, pass into other hands 1b) (Niphal) to be crossed 1c) (Piel) to impregnate, cause to cross 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to pass over, cause to bring over, cause to cross over, make over to, dedicate, devote 1d2) to cause to pass through 1d3) to cause to pass by or beyond or under, let pass by 1d4) to cause to pass away, cause to take away 1e) (Hithpael) to pass over
Usage: Occurs in 493 OT verses. KJV: alienate, alter, [idiom] at all, beyond, bring (over, through), carry over, (over-) come (on, over), conduct (over), convey over, current, deliver, do away, enter, escape, fail, gender, get over, (make) go (away, beyond, by, forth, his way, in, on, over, through), have away (more), lay, meddle, overrun, make partition, (cause to, give, make to, over) pass(-age, along, away, beyond, by, -enger, on, out, over, through), (cause to, make) [phrase] proclaim(-amation), perish, provoke to anger, put away, rage, [phrase] raiser of taxes, remove, send over, set apart, [phrase] shave, cause to (make) sound, [idiom] speedily, [idiom] sweet smelling, take (away), (make to) transgress(-or), translate, turn away, (way-) faring man, be wrath. See also: Genesis 8:1; Deuteronomy 27:2; 1 Samuel 25:19.
גַּם
gam
H1571
"also"
DirObjM
Also means 'even' or 'too', used for emphasis or to connect ideas, like 'both...and' or 'neither...nor'. It can introduce a climax or show contrast.
Definition: 1) also, even, indeed, moreover, yea 1a) also, moreover (giving emphasis) 1b) neither, neither...nor (with negative) 1c) even (for stress) 1d) indeed, yea (introducing climax) 1e) also (of correspondence or retribution) 1f) but, yet, though (adversative) 1g) even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case) 2) (TWOT) again, alike
Usage: Occurs in 661 OT verses. KJV: again, alike, also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and, but, either...or, even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover, nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea. See also: Genesis 3:6; Exodus 19:9; 1 Samuel 14:21.
שָׁ֖ם
shâm
H8033
"there"
Adv
The Hebrew word sham means there or then, often used to describe a location or point in time. It can also mean thither or thence, indicating movement or direction. This word is used frequently in the Bible to provide context and clarify the setting of a story.
Definition: 1) there, thither 1a) there 1b) thither (after verbs of motion) 1c) from there, thence 1d) then (as an adverb of time) Aramaic equivalent: tam.mah (תַּמָּה "there" H8536)
Usage: Occurs in 732 OT verses. KJV: in it, [phrase] thence, there (-in, [phrase] of, [phrase] out), [phrase] thither, [phrase] whither. See also: Genesis 2:8; Exodus 21:33; Deuteronomy 19:4.
לֹא
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
יָנ֥וּחַֽ
nûwach
H5117
"to rest"
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
To rest means to settle down and remain in one place, and can be used literally or figuratively. This verb appears in many parts of the Bible, including Exodus 20:11 and Matthew 11:28.
Definition: 1) to rest 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to rest, settle down and remain 1a2) to repose, have rest, be quiet 1b) (Hiph) 1b1) to cause to rest, give rest to, make quiet 1b2) to cause to rest, cause to alight, set down 1b3) to lay or set down, deposit, let lie, place 1b4) to let remain, leave 1b5) to leave, depart from 1b6) to abandon 1b7) to permit 1c) (Hoph) 1c1) to obtain rest, be granted rest 1c2) to be left, be placed 1c3) open space (subst) Also means: ya.nach (יָנַח "to rest" H3240)
Usage: Occurs in 67 OT verses. KJV: cease, be confederate, lay, let down, (be) quiet, remain, (cause to, be at, give, have, make to) rest, set down. Compare H3241 (יָנִים). See also: Genesis 8:4; Nehemiah 9:28; Psalms 125:3.
לָֽ/ךְ
""
Prep | Suff
Study Notes — Isaiah 23:12
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Isaiah 23:12 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Isaiah 23:12
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 23:12
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Isaiah 23:12
- Trapp's Commentary on Isaiah 23:12
- Ellicott's Commentary on Isaiah 23:12
- Cambridge Bible on Isaiah 23:12
- Barnes' Notes on Isaiah 23:12
- Whedon's Commentary on Isaiah 23:12
- Sermons on Isaiah 23:12
Context — The Burden against Tyre
10Cultivate your land like the Nile, O Daughter of Tarshish; there is no longer a harbor.
11The LORD has stretched out His hand over the sea; He has made kingdoms tremble. He has given a command that the strongholds of Canaan be destroyed.
12He said, “You shall rejoice no more, O oppressed Virgin Daughter of Sidon. Get up and cross over to Cyprus— even there you will find no rest.”
13Look at the land of the Chaldeans — a people now of no account. The Assyrians destined it for the desert creatures; they set up their siege towers and stripped its palaces. They brought it to ruin. 14Wail, O ships of Tarshish, for your harbor has been destroyed!Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Revelation 18:22 | And the sound of harpists and musicians, of flute players and trumpeters, will never ring out in you again. Nor will any craftsmen of any trade be found in you again, nor the sound of a millstone be heard in you again. |
| 2 | Ezekiel 26:13–14 | So I will silence the sound of your songs, and the music of your lyres will no longer be heard. I will make you a bare rock, and you will become a place to spread the fishing nets. You will never be rebuilt, for I, the LORD, have spoken, declares the Lord GOD.’ |
| 3 | Isaiah 23:1–2 | This is the burden against Tyre: Wail, O ships of Tarshish, for Tyre is laid waste, without house or harbor. Word has reached them from the land of Cyprus. Be silent, O dwellers of the coastland, you merchants of Sidon, whose traders have crossed the sea. |
| 4 | Isaiah 47:1 | “Go down and sit in the dust, O Virgin Daughter of Babylon. Sit on the ground without a throne, O Daughter of Chaldea! For you will no longer be called tender or delicate. |
| 5 | Lamentations 1:3 | Judah has gone into exile under affliction and harsh slavery; she dwells among the nations but finds no place to rest. All her pursuers have overtaken her in the midst of her distress. |
| 6 | Isaiah 23:7 | Is this your jubilant city, whose origin is from antiquity, whose feet have taken her to settle far away? |
| 7 | Isaiah 47:5 | “Sit in silence and go into darkness, O Daughter of Chaldea. For you will no longer be called the queen of kingdoms. |
| 8 | Lamentations 1:15 | The Lord has rejected all the mighty men in my midst; He has summoned an army against me to crush my young warriors. Like grapes in a winepress, the Lord has trampled the Virgin Daughter of Judah. |
| 9 | Genesis 49:13 | Zebulun shall dwell by the seashore and become a harbor for ships; his border shall extend to Sidon. |
| 10 | Ezekiel 27:6 | Of oaks from Bashan they made your oars; of wood from the coasts of Cyprus they made your deck, inlaid with ivory. |
Isaiah 23:12 Summary
[This verse is saying that the city of Sidon will no longer be happy and prosperous because God is judging it, similar to what we see in Jeremiah 25:12. The people of Sidon are told to leave and go to another city, but they will not find peace there either. This reminds us that true rest and peace come from God alone, as Jesus says in Matthew 11:28-30, and that we should trust in Him, not in our own strength or wealth, as seen in Proverbs 3:5-6.]
Frequently Asked Questions
What is meant by the 'oppressed Virgin Daughter of Sidon' in Isaiah 23:12?
The 'oppressed Virgin Daughter of Sidon' refers to the city of Sidon, which was a major city in the ancient world, known for its wealth and power, but here it is described as oppressed, indicating that despite its strength, it is under God's judgment, as seen in Isaiah 23:12, similar to other cities like Tyre in Ezekiel 26:3-5.
Why is Sidon told to 'get up and cross over to Cyprus' in this verse?
Sidon is told to cross over to Cyprus because God is commanding it to flee, but even in fleeing, it will not find rest, indicating the thoroughness of God's judgment, as seen in the destruction of other cities like Babylon in Jeremiah 51:43.
What does it mean for Sidon to 'rejoice no more'?
For Sidon to 'rejoice no more' means that the city will lose its joy, prosperity, and celebrations, which is a common theme in the Bible when God judges a nation, as seen in Isaiah 24:8 and Hosea 2:13.
Is this verse still relevant today?
Yes, this verse is still relevant today as it reminds us that God is the one who gives and takes away power and prosperity, and that He will judge all nations, as seen in Revelation 20:12-13, and it encourages us to seek God and trust in Him alone for our security and rest, as in Matthew 11:28-30.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways that I can apply the warning in Isaiah 23:12 to my own life, recognizing that God's judgment can come upon any nation or individual at any time?
- How can I trust in God's sovereignty and provision, even when faced with uncertainty or hardship, like the city of Sidon in this verse?
- What are some things in my life that I am trusting in for security and rest, instead of trusting in God alone, and how can I shift my focus to Him?
- How can I use this verse to share the gospel with others, emphasizing the importance of seeking God and trusting in Him for salvation and rest?
Gill's Exposition on Isaiah 23:12
And he said, thou shalt no more rejoice,.... Not meaning that she should never more rejoice, but not for a long time, as Kimchi interprets it; when her calamity should come upon her, her jovial time,
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Isaiah 23:12
And he said, Thou shalt no more rejoice, O thou oppressed virgin, daughter of Zidon: arise, pass over to Chittim; there also shalt thou have no rest. And he said. "He," God. No more rejoice - riotously (Isaiah 23:7).
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Isaiah 23:12
O thou oppressed virgin: so he calls her, either for her pride and beauty, and living in great ease and pleasure; or because she had hitherto never borne the yoke of a conquering enemy; though withal he declares that she should be oppressed or defloured very suddenly. Daughter of Zidon; whereby he understands either, 1. Zidon herself, who suffered in and with Tyre: for so this phrase seems generally to be used, the daughter of Zion, or of Jerusalem, or of Babel, or Egypt, &c., being nothing else but Zion, Jerusalem, Babel, Egypt, &c. Or rather, 2. Tyrus, as most interpreters, both Jewish and Christian, understand it, of whom this whole context and prophecy speaks; which may well be called the daughter of Zidon, because she was first built and possessed by a colony of the Sidonians; as Pliny calleth Carthage the daughter of Tyre, because she was built by a colony of Tyrians. And the title of daughter is ofttimes given in Scripture to towns or cities which had their being from or dependence upon other cities; in which sense we read of the daughter of Heshbon, , and of Rubbah, ,3, and of Sodom, and of Samaria, ,49,53. And the daughter of Tarshish here above, , is not meant of Tarshish itself, but of Tyrus, which had a relation to and dependence upon Tarshish. Pass over to Chittim; of which place See Poole "". There also shalt thou have no rest; thither thine enemies shall pursue thee, and there shall they overtake thee, although thou wilt think thyself secure when thou art fled to remote parts beyond the sea.
Trapp's Commentary on Isaiah 23:12
Isaiah 23:12 And he said, Thou shalt no more rejoice, O thou oppressed virgin, daughter of Zidon: arise, pass over to Chittim; there also shalt thou have no rest.Ver. 12. Thou shalt no more rejoice.] Heb., Exult, revel. O thou oppressed.] Or, Ravished damsel, daughter of Zidon, hactenus intacta vi hostili, never till now subdued. Arise, pass.] Asyndeton, q.d., Haste, haste. Over to Chittim.] To Cyprus, Greece, Italy. There also shalt thou have no rest.] Safety or shelter. Cain’ s curse was upon them; the visible vengeance of God followed them close at heels. See Deuteronomy 28:65-66.
Ellicott's Commentary on Isaiah 23:12
(12) Thou oppressed virgin.—Strictly speaking, the noun and adjective are incompatible, the latter conveying the sense of “defiled,” or “deflowered.” Till now Tyre had known no defeat. Her fortress was a virgin citadel. Now the barbarian conqueror was to rob her of that virginity. Pass over to Chittim.—With a keen irony the prophet gives a counsel which he declares will be of no avail. They may flee to Chittim (Cyprus); but the power of the Assyrians would reach them even there. Once and again the inscriptions of the Assyrian kings record how they subdued and took tribute from “Yatnan,” the “island in the sea of the setting sun,” which can be none other than Cyprus (e.g., Sargon in Records of the Past, vii. 26).
Cambridge Bible on Isaiah 23:12
12. And he said] What follows may be regarded as the “commandment” referred to in Isaiah 23:11. O thou oppressed (or ravished) virgin, daughter of Zidon] The epithet “virgin” is applied to Zidon as a fortress hitherto unviolated by a conqueror. It is an almost inevitable inference that the calamity here described is the first she has known, at least within living memory. This would apply to the campaign of Shalmaneser, but not to that of Sennacherib.
Barnes' Notes on Isaiah 23:12
And he said - God said Isaiah 23:9. Thou shalt no more rejoice - The sense is, that Tyre was soon to be destroyed.
Whedon's Commentary on Isaiah 23:12
12. He said — Jehovah said, as in Isaiah 23:9. No more rejoice — Because doomed to be crippled; yes, nearly destroyed. Daughter of Zidon — Zidon was the older city, hence addressed as the mother city.
Sermons on Isaiah 23:12
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Until My Change Comes by Thomas Watson | Thomas Watson preaches on the importance of understanding the brevity and challenges of life, likening it to a day with its shortness, vicissitudes, labor, and irreversibility, urg |
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(The Word for Today) Isaiah 23:1 - Part 1 by Chuck Smith | The video begins by discussing the importance of family and the breakdown of the family unit in society. It introduces Pastor Chuck Smith's Marriage and Family Bible Study as a res |
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Isaiah and the Nations by A.B. Simpson | A.B. Simpson emphasizes the significance of understanding Isaiah's prophecies in the context of the surrounding nations that influenced Israel's history. He explains how Judah and |
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Isaiah Chapter 5 Isaiah and the Nations by A.B. Simpson | A.B. Simpson emphasizes the significance of understanding the geopolitical context of Isaiah's prophecies, particularly the neighboring nations that influenced Israel and Judah. He |
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The Land Is in Ruins, Weep All Ye People! by Brian Long | In this sermon, the speaker reflects on the desperate state of the nation during the time of Jeremiah. He emphasizes how Jeremiah's heart was deeply affected by the sins of God's p |
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(Genesis) Genesis 30:1-24 by J. Vernon McGee | In this sermon, the preacher discusses the disapproval of God towards the strife that existed within the families of Abraham, Isaac, and now Jacob. The preacher mentions the birth |
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(Genesis) Genesis 49:11-15 by J. Vernon McGee | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the importance of the tribes of Israel in the nation's history. He emphasizes that the average person, like the tribes, is often overlooked an |