Exodus 7:3
Exodus 7:3 in Multiple Translations
But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and though I will multiply My signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,
And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
And I will make Pharaoh's heart hard, and my signs and wonders will be increased in the land of Egypt.
But I will give Pharaoh a stubborn attitude, and though I will perform many signs and wonders in Egypt, he won't listen to you.
But I will harden Pharaohs heart, and multiplie my miracles and my wonders in the lande of Egypt.
'And I harden the heart of Pharaoh, and have multiplied My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt,
I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
But I shall harden his heart, and shall multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,
But I will make the king stubborn [IDM]. As a result, even though I perform many kinds of ◄miracles/terrifying things► [DOU] here in Egypt,
Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 7:3
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Exodus 7:3 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/אֲנִ֥י
אַקְשֶׁ֖ה
אֶת
לֵ֣ב
פַּרְעֹ֑ה
וְ/הִרְבֵּיתִ֧י
אֶת
אֹתֹתַ֛/י
וְ/אֶת
מוֹפְתַ֖/י
בְּ/אֶ֥רֶץ
מִצְרָֽיִם
וַ/אֲנִ֥י
ʼănîy
H589
I
Conj | Pron
אַקְשֶׁ֖ה
qâshâh
H7185
to harden
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
לֵ֣ב
lêb
H3820
heart
N-ms
פַּרְעֹ֑ה
Parʻôh
H6547
Pharaoh
N-proper
וְ/הִרְבֵּיתִ֧י
râbâh
H7235
to multiply
Conj | V-Hiphil-1cs
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
אֹתֹתַ֛/י
ʼôwth
H226
sign
N-cp | Suff
וְ/אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
Conj | DirObjM
מוֹפְתַ֖/י
môwphêth
H4159
wonder
N-mp | Suff
בְּ/אֶ֥רֶץ
ʼerets
H776
land
Prep | N-cs
מִצְרָֽיִם
Mitsrayim
H4714
Egypt
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 7:3
וַ/אֲנִ֥י
ʼănîy
H589
"I"
Conj | Pron
This Hebrew word is a simple way of saying 'I' or 'me', often used for emphasis. It is used by people like David in the Psalms to express their thoughts and feelings. The word is a basic part of the Hebrew language.
Definition: I (first pers. sing. -usually used for emphasis)
Usage: Occurs in 803 OT verses. KJV: I, (as for) me, mine, myself, we, [idiom] which, [idiom] who. See also: Genesis 6:17; Leviticus 19:36; 1 Samuel 25:24.
אַקְשֶׁ֖ה
qâshâh
H7185
"to harden"
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs
In the Bible, this word means to be hard or severe, like when Pharaoh's heart was hardened against the Israelites in Exodus.
Definition: 1) to be hard, be severe, be fierce, be harsh 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to be hard, be difficult 1a2) to be hard, be severe 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be ill-treated 1b2) to be hard pressed 1c) (Piel) to have severe labour (of women) 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to make difficult, make difficulty 1d2) to make severe, make burdensome 1d3) to make hard, make stiff, make stubborn 1d3a) of obstinacy (fig) 1d4) to show stubbornness
Usage: Occurs in 28 OT verses. KJV: be cruel, be fiercer, make grievous, be ((ask a), be in, have, seem, would) hard(-en, (labour), -ly, thing), be sore, (be, make) stiff(-en, (-necked)). See also: Genesis 35:16; 2 Chronicles 10:4; Psalms 95:8.
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
לֵ֣ב
lêb
H3820
"heart"
N-ms
Leb refers to the heart, but also represents feelings, will, and intellect in the Bible. It is used figuratively to describe the center of something, and is often translated as heart or mind. Leb is a complex concept that encompasses emotions and thoughts.
Definition: 1) inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding 1a) inner part, midst 1a1) midst (of things) 1a2) heart (of man) 1a3) soul, heart (of man) 1a4) mind, knowledge, thinking, reflection, memory 1a5) inclination, resolution, determination (of will) 1a6) conscience 1a7) heart (of moral character) 1a8) as seat of appetites 1a9) as seat of emotions and passions 1a10) as seat of courage
Usage: Occurs in 552 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] care for, comfortably, consent, [idiom] considered, courag(-eous), friend(-ly), ((broken-), (hard-), (merry-), (stiff-), (stout-), double) heart(-ed), [idiom] heed, [idiom] I, kindly, midst, mind(-ed), [idiom] regard(-ed), [idiom] themselves, [idiom] unawares, understanding, [idiom] well, willingly, wisdom. See also: Genesis 6:5; 2 Samuel 13:33; Psalms 4:8.
פַּרְעֹ֑ה
Parʻôh
H6547
"Pharaoh"
N-proper
In the Bible, Pharaoh refers to the king of Egypt, a powerful leader with great authority. The word is used in many passages, including Genesis 12:15 and Exodus 1:9, to describe the ruler of Egypt. It is a title of respect and power.
Definition: A man of the Egyptians living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.23.29; also called Pharaoh at 2Ki.23.35 etc.; Another name of ne.kho (נְכוֹ "Neco" H5224G) § Pharaoh = "great house" the common title of the king of Egypt
Usage: Occurs in 230 OT verses. KJV: Pharaoh. See also: Genesis 12:15; Exodus 6:29; 2 Kings 23:35.
וְ/הִרְבֵּיתִ֧י
râbâh
H7235
"to multiply"
Conj | V-Hiphil-1cs
This word means to increase or grow, like a plant shooting up. It is used in the Bible to describe something getting bigger or more abundant. The KJV translates it as abundance or bring up.
Definition: 1) be or become great, be or become many, be or become much, be or become numerous 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to become many, become numerous, multiply (of people, animals, things) 1a2) to be or grow great 1b) (Piel) to make large, enlarge, increase, become many 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to make much, make many, have many 1c1a) to multiply, increase 1c1b) to make much to do, do much in respect of, transgress greatly 1c1c) to increase greatly or exceedingly 1c2) to make great, enlarge, do much Aramaic equivalent: re.vah (רְבָה "to grow great" H7236)
Usage: Occurs in 215 OT verses. KJV: (bring in) abundance ([idiom] -antly), [phrase] archer (by mistake for H7232 (רָבַב)), be in authority, bring up, [idiom] continue, enlarge, excel, exceeding(-ly), be full of, (be, make) great(-er, -ly, [idiom] -ness), grow up, heap, increase, be long, (be, give, have, make, use) many (a time), (any, be, give, give the, have) more (in number), (ask, be, be so, gather, over, take, yield) much (greater, more), (make to) multiply, nourish, plenty(-eous), [idiom] process (of time), sore, store, thoroughly, very. See also: Genesis 1:22; 2 Chronicles 33:6; Psalms 16:4.
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
אֹתֹתַ֛/י
ʼôwth
H226
"sign"
N-cp | Suff
A miraculous sign or wonder, like a beacon or monument. In the Bible, it appears in books like Genesis and Isaiah. It means a signal or token of God's power.
Definition: : miraculous 1) sign, signal 1a) a distinguishing mark 1b) banner 1c) remembrance 1d) miraculous sign 1e) omen 1f) warning 2) token, ensign, standard, miracle, proof
Usage: Occurs in 77 OT verses. KJV: mark, miracle, (en-) sign, token. See also: Genesis 1:14; Joshua 2:12; Psalms 65:9.
וְ/אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
Conj | DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
מוֹפְתַ֖/י
môwphêth
H4159
"wonder"
N-mp | Suff
This word means wonder or miracle, a special display of God's power. It describes a sign or token, like the miracles performed by prophets. The Bible uses it to convey a sense of awe.
Definition: 1) wonder, sign, miracle, portent 1a) wonder (as a special display of God's power) 1b) sign, token (of future event)
Usage: Occurs in 35 OT verses. KJV: miracle, sign, wonder(-ed at). See also: Exodus 4:21; 2 Chronicles 32:24; Psalms 71:7.
בְּ/אֶ֥רֶץ
ʼerets
H776
"land"
Prep | N-cs
The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.
Definition: : soil 1) land, earth 1a) earth 1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part) 1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven) 1a3) earth (inhabitants) 1b) land 1b1) country, territory 1b2) district, region 1b3) tribal territory 1b4) piece of ground 1b5) land of Canaan, Israel 1b6) inhabitants of land 1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world 1b8) city (-state) 1c) ground, surface of the earth 1c1) ground 1c2) soil 1d) (in phrases) 1d1) people of the land 1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance) 1d3) level or plain country 1d4) land of the living 1d5) end(s) of the earth 1e) (almost wholly late in usage) 1e1) lands, countries 1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
Usage: Occurs in 2190 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 18:18; Genesis 42:13.
מִצְרָֽיִם
Mitsrayim
H4714
"Egypt"
N-proper
This word means Egypt, a country in northeastern Africa, and is used in the Bible to describe the land and its people. It appears in books like Genesis and Isaiah, often referring to the Nile River and the Egyptians. Egypt is an important setting for many biblical events.
Definition: § Egypt = "land of the Copts" a country at the northeastern section of Africa, adjacent to Palestine, and through which the Nile flows Egyptians = "double straits" adj 2) the inhabitants or natives of Egypt
Usage: Occurs in 569 OT verses. KJV: Egypt, Egyptians, Mizraim. See also: Genesis 10:6; Exodus 6:13; Exodus 34:18.
Study Notes — Exodus 7:3
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Exodus 7:3 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Exodus 7:3
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 7:3
- Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 7:3
- Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 7:3
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 7:3
- Cambridge Bible on Exodus 7:3
- Barnes' Notes on Exodus 7:3
- Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 7:3
- Sermons on Exodus 7:3
Context — God Commands Moses and Aaron
1The LORD answered Moses, “See, I have made you like God to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron will be your prophet.
2You are to speak all that I command you, and your brother Aaron is to tell Pharaoh to let the Israelites go out of his land.
3But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and though I will multiply My signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,
4Pharaoh will not listen to you. Then I will lay My hand on Egypt, and by mighty acts of judgment I will bring the divisions of My people the Israelites out of the land of Egypt. 5And the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD, when I stretch out My hand against Egypt and bring the Israelites out from among them.”Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 4:21 | The LORD instructed Moses, “When you go back to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders that I have put within your power. But I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people go. |
| 2 | Exodus 11:9 | The LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh will not listen to you, so that My wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.” |
| 3 | Psalms 105:27–36 | They performed His miraculous signs among them, and wonders in the land of Ham. He sent darkness, and it became dark— yet they defied His words. He turned their waters to blood and caused their fish to die. Their land teemed with frogs, even in their royal chambers. He spoke, and insects swarmed— gnats throughout their country. He gave them hail for rain, with lightning throughout their land. He struck their vines and fig trees and shattered the trees of their country. He spoke, and the locusts came— young locusts without number. They devoured every plant in their land and consumed the produce of their soil. Then He struck all the firstborn in their land, the firstfruits of all their vigor. |
| 4 | Psalms 78:43–51 | when He performed His signs in Egypt and His wonders in the fields of Zoan. He turned their rivers to blood, and from their streams they could not drink. He sent swarms of flies that devoured them, and frogs that devastated them. He gave their crops to the grasshopper, the fruit of their labor to the locust. He killed their vines with hailstones and their sycamore-figs with sleet. He abandoned their cattle to the hail and their livestock to bolts of lightning. He unleashed His fury against them, wrath, indignation, and calamity— a band of destroying angels. He cleared a path for His anger; He did not spare them from death but delivered their lives to the plague. He struck all the firstborn of Egypt, the virility in the tents of Ham. |
| 5 | Acts 2:22 | Men of Israel, listen to this message: Jesus of Nazareth was a man certified by God to you by miracles, wonders, and signs, which God did among you through Him, as you yourselves know. |
| 6 | Romans 15:19 | by the power of signs and wonders, and by the power of the Spirit of God. So from Jerusalem all the way around to Illyricum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ. |
| 7 | Acts 7:36 | He led them out and performed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, at the Red Sea, and for forty years in the wilderness. |
| 8 | Psalms 135:9 | He sent signs and wonders into your midst, O Egypt, against Pharaoh and all his servants. |
| 9 | John 4:48 | Jesus said to him, “Unless you people see signs and wonders, you will never believe.” |
| 10 | Nehemiah 9:10 | You performed signs and wonders against Pharaoh, all his officials, and all the people of his land, for You knew they had acted with arrogance against our fathers. You made a name for Yourself that endures to this day. |
Exodus 7:3 Summary
[God says He will harden Pharaoh's heart, which means Pharaoh will not listen to Moses and Aaron, even when they perform amazing signs and wonders, as promised in Exodus 7:3. This is because God wants to demonstrate His power and glory, as seen in Exodus 7:3-5 and Psalm 106:7-8. God's plan is to free the Israelites from slavery, and He will use Pharaoh's hardened heart to accomplish this, as stated in Exodus 6:6-8. By hardening Pharaoh's heart, God is also showing that He is in control of all things, as seen in Isaiah 46:10 and Proverbs 19:21.]
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does God harden Pharaoh's heart in Exodus 7:3?
God hardens Pharaoh's heart to demonstrate His power and sovereignty, as seen in Exodus 7:3, and to fulfill His plan to free the Israelites from slavery, as promised in Genesis 15:13-14 and Exodus 6:6.
Does God's hardening of Pharaoh's heart mean that Pharaoh has no free will?
While God's hardening of Pharaoh's heart is a sovereign act, it does not eliminate Pharaoh's responsibility for his actions, as seen in Exodus 8:15 and 32, where Pharaoh is held accountable for his decisions.
How does God's hardening of Pharaoh's heart relate to the concept of divine sovereignty and human responsibility?
The Bible teaches that God's sovereignty and human responsibility are not mutually exclusive, as seen in Isaiah 46:10 and Jeremiah 10:23, where God's sovereignty is affirmed alongside human accountability.
What is the purpose of God multiplying His signs and wonders in Egypt, as mentioned in Exodus 7:3?
The purpose of God's signs and wonders is to demonstrate His power and glory, as seen in Exodus 7:3-5, and to bring the Israelites out of slavery, as promised in Exodus 6:6-8, and to make Himself known to the Egyptians, as stated in Exodus 7:5 and Ezekiel 20:9.
Reflection Questions
- How does God's hardening of Pharaoh's heart challenge or affirm your understanding of God's sovereignty and human responsibility?
- In what ways can you see God's power and glory demonstrated in your own life, just as He demonstrated His power in Egypt through signs and wonders?
- How can you trust in God's plan and timing, even when circumstances seem difficult or uncertain, like the Israelites' situation in Egypt?
- What are some areas in your life where you need to trust in God's sovereignty and provision, just as the Israelites had to trust in God's plan to free them from slavery?
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 7:3
And I will harden Pharaoh's heart,.... [See comments on Exodus 4:21] and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt; work one miracle and wonderful sign after another, until they are all
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 7:3
And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt. I will harden Pharaoh's heart.
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 7:3
Exodus 7:3 And I will harden Pharaoh’ s heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.Ver. 3. And I will harden.] The Dutch have a proverb, Quem Deus excaecaturus est, huic primum oculos claudit. When God will blind a man, he first closeth up his eyes.
Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 7:3
(3) I will harden Pharaoh’s heart.—See the comment on Exodus 4:21. My signs and my wonders.—“Signs” (‘othoth) were miracles done as credentials, to prove a mission (Exodus 4:8-9; Exodus 4:30). “Wonders” (môphôth) were miracles generally; niphle’oth, also translated” wonders” (Exodus 3:20), were miracles, wrought in the way of punishment. These last are called also shôphëtiin, “judgments.” (See Exodus 7:4.)
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 7:3
Verse 3. I will harden Pharaoh's heart] I will permit his stubbornness and obstinacy still to remain, that I may have the greater opportunity to multiply my wonders in the land, that the Egyptians may know that I only am Jehovah, the self-existent God. See Clarke on Exodus 4:21.
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 7:3
3. And I (emph.) will harden, &c.] cf. Exodus 4:21 (E). Harden (ä÷ùä), as Psalms 95:8; but used only here of the hardening of Pharaoh’s heart. my signs and my portents] alluding, probably, partly to ‘portents’ (see on Exodus 4:21) performed as credentials (cf. v. 9), partly to the less severe plagues (cf. Exodus 11:10, in P).
Barnes' Notes on Exodus 7:3
Wonders - A word used only of portents performed to prove a divine interposition; they were the credentials of God’s messengers.
Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 7:3
3. And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart — At this stage of history Pharaoh had so far resisted the truth that God’s judgments but increased his obstinacy, and made him plunge into deeper and deeper rebellion.
Sermons on Exodus 7:3
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
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Revival! by Alan Bartley | In this sermon, the preacher shares a personal experience of a young man seeking the Lord and being filled with a vision of revival just before the Great Awakening in 1904. The pre |
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Questions/answers on the Interpretation of Old Testament Scriptures by James Blaine Chapman | James Blaine Chapman addresses various questions from the Bible, shedding light on misunderstood passages and providing insightful explanations. From Noah's unintentional vice to t |
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(Exodus) Exodus 7:2-9 by J. Vernon McGee | In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of Moses and Pharaoh in the book of Exodus. He compares Pharaoh to King Cole, who wanted to appear generous but was actually hard-h |
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(Covenant Series) 3. Christ Our Passover by Al Whittinghill | In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the story of the Israelites' deliverance from Egypt as described in the book of Exodus. He emphasizes that God heard the groanings of the Is |
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The Triumph of the Resurrection by A.W. Tozer | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of Jesus' death, resurrection, and the role of the Holy Spirit in convicting the conscience of believers. He highlights that |
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Humanity of Jesus - Part 1 by A.W. Tozer | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes that the responsibility of spreading the gospel does not solely rest on any missionary society, but on the eternal Son of God who is always v |
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Hebrews 1, 2 & 3 - Part 2 by T. Austin-Sparks | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of not missing or neglecting the message being conveyed. The letter being referred to is likely a biblical letter, possibly th |