Exodus 12:48

Exodus 12:48 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

If a foreigner resides with you and wants to celebrate the LORD’s Passover, all the males in the household must be circumcised; then he may come near to celebrate it, and he shall be like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised man may eat of it.

King James Version KJV

And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

American Standard Version ASV

And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to Jehovah, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

Bible in Basic English BBE

And if a man from another country is living with you, and has a desire to keep the Passover to the Lord, let all the males of his family undergo circumcision, and then let him come near and keep it; for he will then be as one of your people; but no one without circumcision may keep it.

Free Bible Version FBV

If there's a foreigner who lives with you and wants to celebrate the Lord's Passover, all the males in their household have to be circumcised. Then he may come and celebrate it, and he shall be treated like a native of the land. But no man who is not circumcised may eat it.

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

But if a stranger dwell with thee, and will obserue the Passeouer of the Lord, let him circumcise all the males, that belong vnto him, and then let him come and obserue it, and he shall be as one that is borne in the land: for none vncircumcised person shall eate thereof.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

'And when a sojourner sojourneth with thee, and hath made a passover to Jehovah, every male of his [is] to be circumcised, and then he doth come near to keep it, and he hath been as a native of the land, but any uncircumcised one doth not eat of it;

World English Bible WEB

When a stranger lives as a foreigner with you, and would like to keep the Passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it. He shall be as one who is born in the land; but no uncircumcised person shall eat of it.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

And if any stranger be willing to dwell among you, and to keep the Phase of the Lord, all his males shall first be circumcised, and then shall he celebrate it according to the manner: and he shall be as he that is born in the land: but if any man be uncircumcised, he shall not eat thereof.

Translation for Translators T4T

When someone from another country comes to live with you and wants to celebrate the Passover Festival, circumcise all the males in his household. Then they may eat the Passover meal, and you should treat those people as though they were born as Israelis. But do not allow men who have not been circumcised to eat the Passover meal.

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Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 12:48

BAB

Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

Exodus 12:48 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB

HEB וְ/כִֽי יָג֨וּר אִתְּ/ךָ֜ גֵּ֗ר וְ/עָ֣שָׂה פֶסַח֮ לַ/יהוָה֒ הִמּ֧וֹל ל֣/וֹ כָל זָכָ֗ר וְ/אָז֙ יִקְרַ֣ב לַ/עֲשֹׂת֔/וֹ וְ/הָיָ֖ה כְּ/אֶזְרַ֣ח הָ/אָ֑רֶץ וְ/כָל עָרֵ֖ל לֹֽא יֹ֥אכַל בּֽ/וֹ

וְ/כִֽי kîy H3588 for Conj | Conj

יָג֨וּר gûwr H1481 to sojourn V-Qal-Imperf-3ms

אִתְּ/ךָ֜ ʼêth H854 with Prep | Suff

גֵּ֗ר gêr H1616 sojourner N-ms

וְ/עָ֣שָׂה ʻâsâh H6213 to make Conj | V-Qal-3ms

פֶסַח֮ peçach H6453 Passover N-ms

לַ/יהוָה֒ Yᵉhôvâh H3068 The Lord Prep | N-proper

הִמּ֧וֹל mûwl H4135 to circumcise V-Niphal-Ptc

ל֣/וֹ Prep | Suff

כָל kôl H3605 all N-ms

זָכָ֗ר zâkâr H2145 male Adj

וְ/אָז֙ ʼâz H227 then Conj | Adv

יִקְרַ֣ב qârab H7126 to present V-Qal-Juss-3ms

לַ/עֲשֹׂת֔/וֹ ʻâsâh H6213 to make Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a | Suff

וְ/הָיָ֖ה hâyâh H1961 to be Conj | V-Qal-3ms

כְּ/אֶזְרַ֣ח ʼezrâch H249 born Prep | N-ms

הָ/אָ֑רֶץ ʼerets H776 land Art | N-cs

וְ/כָל kôl H3605 all Conj | N-ms

עָרֵ֖ל ʻârêl H6189 uncircumcised Adj

לֹֽא lôʼ H3808 not Part

יֹ֥אכַל ʼâkal H398 to eat V-Qal-Imperf-3ms

בּֽ/וֹ Prep | Suff

Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 12:48

וְ/כִֽי kîy H3588 "for" Conj | Conj

A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.

Definition: 1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since 1a) that 1a1) yea, indeed 1b) when (of time) 1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force) 1c) because, since (causal connection) 1d) but (after negative) 1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if 1f) but rather, but 1g) except that 1h) only, nevertheless 1i) surely 1j) that is 1k) but if 1l) for though 1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

Usage: Occurs in 3910 OT verses. KJV: and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet. See also: Genesis 1:4; Genesis 26:16; Genesis 42:15.

יָג֨וּר gûwr H1481 "to sojourn" V-Qal-Imperf-3ms

This word means to fear or dread something, like the fear of God. It implies a sense of awe or reverence, like the fear that the disciples felt during the storm on the lake in Matthew 8:24. It can also mean to be a stranger or sojourner in a place.

Definition: 1) to sojourn, abide, dwell in, dwell with, remain, inhabit, be a stranger, be continuing, surely 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sojourn, dwell for a time 1a2) to abide, stay, temporarily dwell 1b) (Hithpolel) 1b1) to seek hospitality with 1b2) to assemble oneself

Usage: Occurs in 94 OT verses. KJV: abide, assemble, be afraid, dwell, fear, gather (together), inhabitant, remain, sojourn, stand in awe, (be) stranger, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 12:10; 1 Kings 17:20; Psalms 5:5.

אִתְּ/ךָ֜ ʼêth H854 "with" Prep | Suff

This Hebrew preposition means 'with' or 'near', indicating a close relationship or physical proximity. It's used in Genesis 1:26 to describe God's relationship with humanity, and in many other places to show connection or closeness.

Definition: 1) with, near, together with 1a) with, together with 1b) with (of relationship) 1c) near (of place) 1d) with (poss.) 1e) from...with, from (with other prep)

Usage: Occurs in 787 OT verses. KJV: against, among, before, by, for, from, in(-to), (out) of, with. Often with another prepositional prefix. See also: Genesis 4:1; Genesis 42:32; Numbers 1:5.

גֵּ֗ר gêr H1616 "sojourner" N-ms

A sojourner is a foreigner or temporary resident, lacking inherited rights, but often given concessions in Israel. This term appears in the Bible to describe outsiders living among God's people.

Definition: 1) sojourner 1a) a temporary inhabitant, a newcomer lacking inherited rights 1b) of foreigners in Israel, though conceded rights

Usage: Occurs in 83 OT verses. KJV: alien, sojourner, stranger. See also: Genesis 15:13; Deuteronomy 10:19; Psalms 39:13.

וְ/עָ֣שָׂה ʻâsâh H6213 "to make" Conj | V-Qal-3ms

This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.

Definition: : make(OBJECT) 1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to do, work, make, produce 1a1a) to do 1a1b) to work 1a1c) to deal (with) 1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect 1a2) to make 1a2a) to make 1a2b) to produce 1a2c) to prepare 1a2d) to make (an offering) 1a2e) to attend to, put in order 1a2f) to observe, celebrate 1a2g) to acquire (property) 1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute 1a2i) to bring about 1a2j) to use 1a2k) to spend, pass 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be done 1b2) to be made 1b3) to be produced 1b4) to be offered 1b5) to be observed 1b6) to be used 1c) (Pual) to be made

Usage: Occurs in 2286 OT verses. KJV: accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, [idiom] certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, [phrase] displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, [phrase] feast, (fight-) ing man, [phrase] finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, [phrase] hinder, hold (a feast), [idiom] indeed, [phrase] be industrious, [phrase] journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, [phrase] officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, [idiom] sacrifice, serve, set, shew, [idiom] sin, spend, [idiom] surely, take, [idiom] thoroughly, trim, [idiom] very, [phrase] vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 34:19; Exodus 18:24.

פֶסַח֮ peçach H6453 "Passover" N-ms

Passover is the meaning of this word, which refers to the Jewish festival or the animal sacrificed during it. It is first mentioned in Exodus 12:11.

Definition: Passover, 1a) sacrifice of passover 1b) animal victim of the passover 1c) festival of the passover Also named: pascha (πάσχα "Passover lamb" G3957)

Usage: Occurs in 46 OT verses. KJV: passover (offering). See also: Exodus 12:11; 2 Kings 23:21; Ezekiel 45:21.

לַ/יהוָה֒ Yᵉhôvâh H3068 "The Lord" Prep | N-proper

Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.

Definition: Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

Usage: Occurs in 5522 OT verses. KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה). See also: Genesis 2:4; Genesis 24:42; Exodus 8:8.

הִמּ֧וֹל mûwl H4135 "to circumcise" V-Niphal-Ptc

Circumcision is the literal meaning of this word, but it can also imply destruction or cutting off. In Genesis 17:10, God commands Abraham to circumcise all males as a sign of covenant. It represents a physical and spiritual separation.

Definition: 1) to circumcise, let oneself be circumcised, cut, be cut off 1a) (Qal) to circumcise 1b) (Niphal) to be circumcised, circumcise oneself 1c) (Hiphil) to cause to be circumcised 1c1) of destruction (fig.) 1d) (Hithpolel) to be cut off 1e) (Polel) cut down

Usage: Occurs in 32 OT verses. KJV: circumcise(-ing), selves), cut down (in pieces), destroy, [idiom] must needs. See also: Genesis 17:10; Leviticus 12:3; Psalms 58:8.

ל֣/וֹ "" Prep | Suff

כָל kôl H3605 "all" N-ms

The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.

Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.

זָכָ֗ר zâkâr H2145 "male" Adj

This word means male, referring to men or male animals, emphasizing their importance. It is used in the Bible to distinguish between males and females. The word is often translated as 'him' or 'male' in English.

Definition: 1) male (of humans and animals) adj 2) male (of humans)

Usage: Occurs in 80 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] him, male, man(child, -kind). See also: Genesis 1:27; Numbers 3:22; Isaiah 66:7.

וְ/אָז֙ ʼâz H227 "then" Conj | Adv

This Hebrew word refers to a past time or place, often used to describe something that happened earlier. It can also be used as a conjunction to show a cause-and-effect relationship. In the Bible, it appears in books like Genesis and Isaiah.

Definition: 1) then, at that time 1a) temporal expressions 1a1) then (past) 1a2) then, if...then (future) 1a3) earlier 1b) logical expressions 1b1) in that case 1b2) that (being so)

Usage: Occurs in 133 OT verses. KJV: beginning, for, from, hitherto, now, of old, once, since, then, at which time, yet. See also: Genesis 4:26; 1 Chronicles 22:13; Psalms 2:5.

יִקְרַ֣ב qârab H7126 "to present" V-Qal-Juss-3ms

To approach or come near someone or something, often with a sense of purpose or intention, like Moses approaching the burning bush in Exodus 3:5. This word can also mean to bring someone or something near, as in presenting an offering to God.

Definition: : come/approach 1) to come near, approach, enter into, draw near 1a) (Qal) to approach, draw near 1b) (Niphal) to be brought near 1c) (Piel) to cause to approach, bring near, cause to draw near 1d) (Hiphil) to bring near, bring, present

Usage: Occurs in 263 OT verses. KJV: (cause to) approach, (cause to) bring (forth, near), (cause to) come (near, nigh), (cause to) draw near (nigh), go (near), be at hand, join, be near, offer, present, produce, make ready, stand, take. See also: Genesis 12:11; Leviticus 22:22; 1 Samuel 10:21.

לַ/עֲשֹׂת֔/וֹ ʻâsâh H6213 "to make" Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a | Suff

וְ/הָיָ֖ה hâyâh H1961 "to be" Conj | V-Qal-3ms

The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.

Definition: 1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) --- 1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass 1a1b) to come about, come to pass 1a2) to come into being, become 1a2a) to arise, appear, come 1a2b) to become 1a2b1) to become 1a2b2) to become like 1a2b3) to be instituted, be established 1a3) to be 1a3a) to exist, be in existence 1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) 1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality) 1a3d) to accompany, be with 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about 1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Usage: Occurs in 3131 OT verses. KJV: beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 17:4; Genesis 36:11.

כְּ/אֶזְרַ֣ח ʼezrâch H249 "born" Prep | N-ms

This word refers to something or someone that is native or born in a place, like a tree that grows naturally or a person born in a certain country, as seen in the Bible when describing native Israelites.

Definition: 1) a native (one rising from the soil) 1a) of man, native Israelites 1b) of tree, native (to Israel)

Usage: Occurs in 17 OT verses. KJV: bay tree, (home-) born (in the land), of the (one's own) country (nation). See also: Exodus 12:19; Leviticus 24:16; Psalms 37:35.

הָ/אָ֑רֶץ ʼerets H776 "land" Art | N-cs

The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.

Definition: : soil 1) land, earth 1a) earth 1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part) 1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven) 1a3) earth (inhabitants) 1b) land 1b1) country, territory 1b2) district, region 1b3) tribal territory 1b4) piece of ground 1b5) land of Canaan, Israel 1b6) inhabitants of land 1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world 1b8) city (-state) 1c) ground, surface of the earth 1c1) ground 1c2) soil 1d) (in phrases) 1d1) people of the land 1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance) 1d3) level or plain country 1d4) land of the living 1d5) end(s) of the earth 1e) (almost wholly late in usage) 1e1) lands, countries 1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan

Usage: Occurs in 2190 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 18:18; Genesis 42:13.

וְ/כָל kôl H3605 "all" Conj | N-ms

Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

עָרֵ֖ל ʻârêl H6189 "uncircumcised" Adj

This Hebrew word describes someone who is uncircumcised, meaning they still have their foreskin. It is used to distinguish between Jews and non-Jews, as seen in Acts 7.

Definition: uncircumcised, having foreskin

Usage: Occurs in 32 OT verses. KJV: uncircumcised (person). See also: Genesis 17:14; Jeremiah 6:10; Isaiah 52:1.

לֹֽא lôʼ H3808 "not" Part

The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.

Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.

יֹ֥אכַל ʼâkal H398 "to eat" V-Qal-Imperf-3ms

This word means to eat or devour, and it's used in many stories, including when Jesus fed the 5000 with fish and bread in the book of Matthew. It's about taking in nourishment and being satisfied.

Definition: 1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to eat (human subject) 1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds) 1a3) to devour, consume (of fire) 1a4) to devour, slay (of sword) 1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought) 1a6) to devour (of oppression) 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be eaten (by men) 1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire) 1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh) 1c) (Pual) 1c1) to cause to eat, feed with 1c2) to cause to devour 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to feed 1d2) to cause to eat 1e) (Piel) 1e1) consume Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)

Usage: Occurs in 703 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up), feed (with), food, [idiom] freely, [idiom] in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay) meat, [idiom] quite. See also: Genesis 2:16; Leviticus 6:9; Numbers 24:8.

בּֽ/וֹ "" Prep | Suff

Study Notes — Exodus 12:48

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Context
Cross References
Exodus 12:48 Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Reflection Questions
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 12:48
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 12:48
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 12:48
Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 12:48
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 12:48
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 12:48
Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 12:48
Sermons on Exodus 12:48

Context — Instructions for the Passover

46It must be eaten inside one house. You are not to take any of the meat outside the house, and you may not break any of the bones. 47The whole congregation of Israel must celebrate it.

48If a foreigner resides with you and wants to celebrate the LORD’s Passover, all the males in the household must be circumcised; then he may come near to celebrate it, and he shall be like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised man may eat of it.

49The same law shall apply to both the native and the foreigner who resides among you.” 50Then all the Israelites did this—they did just as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron.

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	Numbers 9:14	If a foreigner dwelling among you wants to observe the Passover to the LORD, he is to do so according to the Passover statute and its ordinances. You are to apply the same statute to both the foreigner and the native of the land.’”
2	Colossians 3:11	Here there is no Greek or Jew, circumcised or uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, or free, but Christ is all and is in all.
3	Galatians 3:28	There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.
4	Numbers 15:15–16	The assembly is to have the same statute both for you and for the foreign resident; it is a permanent statute for the generations to come. You and the foreigner shall be the same before the LORD. The same law and the same ordinance will apply both to you and to the foreigner residing with you.”
5	Exodus 12:19	For seven days there must be no leaven found in your houses. If anyone eats something leavened, that person, whether a foreigner or native of the land, must be cut off from the congregation of Israel.
6	Exodus 12:43	And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: No foreigner is to eat of it.
7	Ezekiel 47:22	You shall allot it as an inheritance for yourselves and for the foreigners who dwell among you and who have children. You are to treat them as native-born Israelites; along with you, they shall be allotted an inheritance among the tribes of Israel.
8	Genesis 17:12	Generation after generation, every male must be circumcised when he is eight days old, including those born in your household and those purchased from a foreigner—even those who are not your offspring.
9	Ezekiel 44:9	This is what the Lord GOD says: No foreigner uncircumcised in heart and flesh may enter My sanctuary—not even a foreigner who lives among the Israelites.

Exodus 12:48 Summary

Exodus 12:48 teaches us that anyone, regardless of their background, can join in celebrating the Passover, as long as they are willing to commit to following God's commands, like circumcision. This shows us that God wants everyone to be included in His family, as seen in John 1:12-13. Just like the Israelites had to follow God's instructions to be saved from the plague, we too must follow God's commands to receive His blessings and salvation, as described in Deuteronomy 11:27. By following God's commands, we can experience the joy and freedom of being part of His family.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does it mean for a foreigner to 'come near to celebrate' the Passover in Exodus 12:48?

This means that the foreigner is allowed to fully participate in the Passover celebration, just like the native-born Israelites, as long as the males in the household are circumcised, as stated in Exodus 12:48. This is similar to the concept of being 'grafted in' to the family of God, as described in Romans 11:17.

Why was circumcision a requirement for celebrating the Passover in Exodus 12:48?

Circumcision was a sign of the covenant between God and the Israelites, as established in Genesis 17:10-14. By requiring circumcision, God was emphasizing the importance of being in a covenant relationship with Him in order to participate in the Passover, which symbolized salvation and redemption.

Is the requirement of circumcision for the Passover still applicable today?

No, the requirement of circumcision is no longer applicable today, as it was a part of the Old Covenant. As the apostle Paul explains in Galatians 5:6, circumcision is not necessary for salvation, and we are now under the New Covenant, which is based on faith in Jesus Christ, as described in Hebrews 8:6-13.

Reflection Questions

What does this verse reveal about God's heart for including foreigners and outsiders in His covenant community?
How does this verse relate to the concept of being 'in Christ' and being part of God's family, as described in Ephesians 2:19?
What are some ways that I can apply the principle of inclusivity and welcoming outsiders, as seen in Exodus 12:48, to my own life and community?
What does this verse teach me about the importance of obedience to God's commands and the consequences of disobedience?

Gill's Exposition on Exodus 12:48

And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, e.] Who by so doing became a proselyte of the gate, he observing the commands of the sons of Noah: and will keep the passover of the Lord is desirous of

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 12:48

And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in

Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 12:48

Exodus 12:48 And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.Ver. 48. No uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.] The Chaldee hath it, No profane person. So God saith, "No stranger uncircumcised in heart, nor uncircumcised in flesh, shall enter into my sanctuary."

Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 12:48

FURTHER THE .(43-51) This is the ordinance.—These directions, together with those which follow with respect to the sanctification of the firstborn (Exodus 13:1-16), seem to have been given to Moses at Succoth, and were consequently recorded at this point of the narrative. They comprise three principal points:—(1) The exclusion of all uncircumcised persons from the Passover (Exodus 12:43); (2) the admission of all full proselytes (Exodus 12:48-49); and (3) the injunction that no bone of the lamb should be broken (Exodus 12:46).

Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 12:48

Verse 48. And when a stranger - will keep the passover, &c.] Let all who sojourn among you, and who desire to partake of this sacred ordinance, not only be circumcised themselves, but all the males of their families likewise, that they may all have an equal right to the blessings of the covenant.

Cambridge Bible on Exodus 12:48

48. The ‘stranger,’ or, better, sojourner, Heb. gκr, i.e. the protected foreigner, if he is circumcised, may keep the Passover. The gκr was like the Arab jβr, i.e. ‘a man of another tribe or district, who coming to sojourn in a place where he was not strengthened by the presence of his own kin, put himself under the protection of a clan or of a powerful chief’ (W.R. Smith, Relig. of the Semites, p. 75 f.; cf. his Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia, pp. 41–43). ‘Stranger’ is the conventional rendering of gκr; but it is inadequate: a better word would be sojourner, which would also preserve the connexion with the corresponding verb in such passages as v. 49, Genesis 12:10; Genesis 19:9; Genesis 47:4. In the legislation of JE and Deut. the gκr has no legal status in Israel, and is represented as liable to oppression (Exodus 22:21; Exodus 23:9, Deu_Exodus 1:16, &c.): in P (cf. Ezekiel 47:22) he is placed on practically the same footing as the native Israelite, he enjoys the same rights (Numbers 35:15 ‘for the sojourner and for the settler’ [above, on v. 45]; Leviticus 19:34 ‘thou shalt love him as thyself’), and is bound by the same laws (ch. Exodus 12:19, Leviticus 16:29; Leviticus 17:8; Leviticus 17:10; Leviticus 17:12-13; Leviticus 17:15; Leviticus 18:26; Leviticus 20:2; Leviticus 22:18; Leviticus 24:16); the principle, ‘One law shall there be for the homeborn and for the gκr,’ is repeatedly affirmed (ch. Exodus 12:49, Leviticus 24:22, Numbers 9:14; Numbers 15:15-16; Numbers 15:29). Indeed, in P the term is already on the way to assume the later technical sense of ‘proselyte,’ the foreigner who, being circumcised and observing the law generally, is in full religious communion with Israel. come near] to take part in the sacred rite. So often in P, as Exodus 40:32, Leviticus 9:5; Leviticus 9:7-8 (EVV. ‘draw near’), Exodus 21:17 f. (‘approach’), Numbers 16:40. one that is born in] lit. a native of; the word, when standing alone, is rendered homeborn (v. 49). It denotes the native Israelite, as distinct, especially, from the gκr, or foreigner settled in Israel; cf. v. 19, Leviticus 16:29; Leviticus 17:15; Leviticus 18:26; Leviticus 19:34; Leviticus 23:42; Leviticus 24:16; Leviticus 24:22, Numbers 9:14; Numbers 15:13; Numbers 15:29-30.

Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 12:48

, Exio 12:43-50. This additional ordinance, defining the character of the participants in the passover feast, now became necessary, since aliens and strangers of various nations attached themselves to Israel. Exodus 12:38.

Sermons on Exodus 12:48

	Sermon	Description
	The Reluctant God - Part 3 by G.W. North	In this sermon, the speaker reflects on the story of Moses and his initial reluctance to answer God's call. Despite Moses' objections, God became angry with him and Moses ultimatel
	The Proof of the Baptism of Jewish Proselytes Inquired Into. by John Gill	John Gill examines the historical evidence regarding the baptism of Jewish proselytes, arguing that there is no substantial proof of such a practice existing before or during the t
	Genesis and the Origin of Races by Ken Ham	In this sermon, the speaker discusses the importance of recognizing that all humans are descendants of one man and one woman, going back to Noah and Adam. He challenges the secular
	From Babylon to Jerusalem - (Zechariah) ch.8:14 - 10:12 by Zac Poonen	In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes that God is faithful to fulfill both his promises of judgment and blessings. He encourages believers not to fear, as God has proven his fait
	How Is It That God Desires to Be With Man? by Bob Jennings	This sermon reflects on the preciousness of Scripture, focusing on John 17 where Jesus expresses His desire for believers to be with Him and behold His glory in Heaven. It emphasiz
	Our Relationship With Christ by Bill McLeod	In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of living as a testimony of Jesus Christ. He highlights that as believers, we are constantly being watched by the world, angel
	Christ the Medium by Bill McLeod	In this sermon, Bill McLeod emphasizes the importance of recognizing that we are saved by a person, not just a plan. He highlights the power and victory that we have through Jesus