2 Samuel 8:12
2 Samuel 8:12 in Multiple Translations
from Edom and Moab, from the Ammonites and Philistines and Amalekites, and from the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
The nations of Edom and Moab, and the children of Ammon and the Philistines and the Amalekites and the goods he had taken from Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
Edom, Moab, the Ammonites, the Philistines, and Amalekites; as well as the plunder taken from Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
Of Aram, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistims, and of Amalek, and of the spoyle of Hadadezer ye sonne of Rehob King of Zobah.
of Aram, and of Moab, and of the Bene-Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob king of Zobah.
of Syria, of Moab, of the children of Ammon, of the Philistines, of Amalek, and of the plunder of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalec, and of the spoils of Adarezer the son of Rohob king of Soba.
They had taken items from the Edom people-group and the Moab people-group, from the Ammon people-group, from the Philistia people, and from the descendants of Amalek, as well as from the people that Hadadezer previously ruled.
Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 8:12
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
2 Samuel 8:12 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
מֵ/אֲרָ֤ם
וּ/מִ/מּוֹאָב֙
וּ/מִ/בְּנֵ֣י
עַמּ֔וֹן
וּ/מִ/פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים
וּ/מֵֽ/עֲמָלֵ֑ק
וּ/מִ/שְּׁלַ֛ל
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר
בֶּן
רְחֹ֖ב
מֶ֥לֶךְ
צוֹבָֽה
מֵ/אֲרָ֤ם
ʼĂrâm
H758
Aram
Prep | N-proper
וּ/מִ/מּוֹאָב֙
Môwʼâb
H4124
Moab
Conj | Prep | N-proper
וּ/מִ/בְּנֵ֣י
bên
H1121
son
Conj | Prep | N-mp
עַמּ֔וֹן
ʻAmmôwn
H5983
Ammon
N-proper
וּ/מִ/פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים
Pᵉlishtîy
H6430
Philistines
Conj | Prep | Ngmpa
וּ/מֵֽ/עֲמָלֵ֑ק
ʻĂmâlêq
H6002
Amalek
Conj | Prep | N-proper
וּ/מִ/שְּׁלַ֛ל
shâlâl
H7998
spoil
Conj | Prep | N-ms
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
Hadadezer
N-proper
בֶּן
bên
H1121
son
N-ms
רְחֹ֖ב
Rᵉchôb
H7340
Rehob
N-proper
מֶ֥לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
צוֹבָֽה
Tsôwbâʼ
H6678
Zobah
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 8:12
מֵ/אֲרָ֤ם
ʼĂrâm
H758
"Aram"
Prep | N-proper
Aram refers to a region in the Bible, also known as Syria, and its people, the Arameans. The grandson of Nahor, an ancestor of Jesus, was also named Aram. The prophet Isaiah wrote about Aram and its relationship with Israel in Isaiah 7:1-9.
Definition: Aram or Arameans = "exalted" Aram or Syrian nation Another name of pad.dan (פַּדָּן "Paddan" H6307)
Usage: Occurs in 118 OT verses. KJV: Aram, Mesopotamia, Syria, Syrians. See also: Genesis 10:22; 2 Kings 8:28; Isaiah 7:1.
וּ/מִ/מּוֹאָב֙
Môwʼâb
H4124
"Moab"
Conj | Prep | N-proper
Moab refers to the land and descendants of the son of Lot, who was born out of an incestuous relationship. The land of Moab is mentioned in the book of Numbers and the book of Ruth.
Definition: Combined with a.ra.vah (עֲרָבָה " Plains" H6160I) § Moab = "of his father" the land inhabited by the descendants of the son of Lot
Usage: Occurs in 158 OT verses. KJV: Moab. See also: Genesis 19:37; 2 Kings 3:21; Psalms 60:10.
וּ/מִ/בְּנֵ֣י
bên
H1121
"son"
Conj | Prep | N-mp
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
עַמּ֔וֹן
ʻAmmôwn
H5983
"Ammon"
N-proper
Ammon refers to a son of Lot and his descendants, who lived in Transjordan. The Ammonites are mentioned in the Bible as a distinct people. They appear in the book of Genesis and are also referenced in the history of the Israelites.
Definition: § Ammon = "tribal" a people dwelling in Transjordan descended from Lot through Ben-ammi
Usage: Occurs in 98 OT verses. KJV: Ammon, Ammonites. See also: Genesis 19:38; 2 Samuel 11:1; Psalms 83:8.
וּ/מִ/פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים
Pᵉlishtîy
H6430
"Philistines"
Conj | Prep | Ngmpa
A Philistine is a person from the region of Philistia, which was inhabited by immigrants from other places. The Philistines were known for their conflicts with the Israelites, as recorded in the Bible. They were a distinct ethnic group.
Definition: Philistine = "immigrants" an inhabitant of Philistia; descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor (Crete?) to the western seacoast of Canaan Another name of ga.dol (גָּדוֹל "Great( Sea)" H1419J)
Usage: Occurs in 244 OT verses. KJV: Philistine. See also: Genesis 10:14; 1 Samuel 17:8; 1 Chronicles 10:1.
וּ/מֵֽ/עֲמָלֵ֑ק
ʻĂmâlêq
H6002
"Amalek"
Conj | Prep | N-proper
Amalek was a descendant of Esau and the ancestor of a tribe in southern Canaan. The Amalekites were enemies of the Israelites, as seen in the story of Exodus and 1 Samuel.
Definition: A man of the Edomites living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.12; son of: Eliphaz (H0464) and Timna (H8555); brother of: Teman (H8487), Omar (H0201), Zepho (H6825), Gatam (H1609), Kenaz (H7073) and Korah (H7141H) § Amalek = "dweller in a valley" 1) son of Eliphaz by his concubine Timnah, grandson of Esau, and progenitor of a tribe of people in southern Canaan 2) descendants of Amalek
Usage: Occurs in 37 OT verses. KJV: Amalek. See also: Genesis 36:12; Judges 10:12; Psalms 83:8.
וּ/מִ/שְּׁלַ֛ל
shâlâl
H7998
"spoil"
Conj | Prep | N-ms
Shâlâl refers to the spoils of war, or the booty taken from enemies. It is used in the Bible to describe the plunder or prey taken in battle. In the KJV, it is translated as 'prey' or 'spoil'.
Definition: 1) prey, plunder, spoil, booty 1a) prey 1b) booty, spoil, plunder (of war) 1c) plunder (private) 1d) gain (meaning uncertain)
Usage: Occurs in 64 OT verses. KJV: prey, spoil. See also: Genesis 49:27; 2 Chronicles 15:11; Psalms 68:13.
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר
Hădadʻezer
H1909
"Hadadezer"
N-proper
Hadadezer was a Syrian king who ruled over Zobah, and his name means Hadad is help. He was defeated by David's army, as recorded in 2 Samuel 8:3, and was the son of Rehob.
Definition: A man of Zobah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.3; son of: Rehob (H7340I) § Hadadezer = "Hadad is help" son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David's army
Usage: Occurs in 18 OT verses. KJV: Hadadezer. Compare H1928 (הֲדַרְעֶזֶר). See also: 2 Samuel 8:3; 1 Kings 11:23; 1 Chronicles 19:19.
בֶּן
bên
H1121
"son"
N-ms
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
רְחֹ֖ב
Rᵉchôb
H7340
"Rehob"
N-proper
Rehob, a place in Syria and the name of a few individuals, including a Syrian and an Israelite. This term refers to a specific location on the road to Hamath, mentioned in stories about exploration and conquest. It appears in books like Numbers and Judges.
Definition: Rehob = "broad place" the northern limit of the exploration of the spies in Canaan; on the road to Hamath Another name of bet re.chov (בֵּית־רְחוֹב "Beth-rehob" H1050)
Usage: Occurs in 10 OT verses. KJV: Rehob. See also: Numbers 13:21; 2 Samuel 8:3; Nehemiah 10:12.
מֶ֥לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
צוֹבָֽה
Tsôwbâʼ
H6678
"Zobah"
N-proper
Zobah was a region in Syria, mentioned in 1 Samuel 14:47, where King Saul fought battles. It was a separate kingdom during the times of Saul, David, and Solomon.
Definition: Zoba or Zobah = "station" the name of a portion of Syria which formed a separate kingdom in the times of Saul, David, and Solomon; located northeast of Damascus Another name of tso.va (צוֹבָא "Zobah" H6678G)
Usage: Occurs in 12 OT verses. KJV: Zoba, Zobah. See also: 1 Samuel 14:47; 2 Samuel 23:36; 1 Chronicles 19:6.
Study Notes — 2 Samuel 8:12
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 2 Samuel 8:12 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 8:12
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 8:12
- Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:12
- Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:12
- Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 8:12
- Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 8:12
- Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:12
- Sermons on 2 Samuel 8:12
Context — David’s Triumphs
10he sent his son Joram to greet King David and bless him for fighting and defeating Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi. Joram brought with him articles of silver and gold and bronze,
11and King David dedicated these to the LORD, along with the silver and gold he had dedicated from all the nations he had subdued—
12from Edom and Moab, from the Ammonites and Philistines and Amalekites, and from the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
13And David made a name for himself when he returned from striking down eighteen thousand Edomites in the Valley of Salt. 14He placed garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites were subject to David. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Samuel 10:14 | When the Ammonites saw that the Arameans had fled, they too fled before Abishai, and they entered the city. So Joab returned from fighting against the Ammonites and came to Jerusalem. |
| 2 | 2 Samuel 8:2 | David also defeated the Moabites, made them lie down on the ground, and measured them off with a cord. He measured off with two lengths those to be put to death, and with one length those to be spared. So the Moabites became subject to David and brought him tribute. |
| 3 | 1 Chronicles 18:11 | and King David dedicated these to the LORD, along with the silver and gold he had carried off from all these nations—from Edom and Moab, and from the Ammonites, Philistines, and Amalekites. |
| 4 | 2 Samuel 12:26–31 | Meanwhile, Joab fought against Rabbah of the Ammonites and captured the royal fortress. Then Joab sent messengers to David to say, “I have fought against Rabbah and have captured the water supply of the city. Now, therefore, assemble the rest of the troops, lay siege to the city, and capture it. Otherwise I will capture the city, and it will be named after me.” So David assembled all the troops and went to Rabbah; and he fought against it and captured it. Then he took the crown from the head of their king. It weighed a talent of gold and was set with precious stones, and it was placed on David’s head. And David took a great amount of plunder from the city. David brought out the people who were there and put them to work with saws, iron picks, and axes, and he made them work at the brick kilns. He did the same to all the Ammonite cities. Then David and all his troops returned to Jerusalem. |
| 5 | 2 Samuel 10:11 | “If the Arameans are too strong for me,” said Joab, “then you will come to my rescue. And if the Ammonites are too strong for you, then I will come to your rescue. |
| 6 | 1 Samuel 27:8 | Now David and his men went up and raided the Geshurites, the Girzites, and the Amalekites. (From ancient times these people had inhabited the land extending to Shur and Egypt.) |
| 7 | 1 Samuel 30:20 | And he recovered all the flocks and herds, which his men drove ahead of the other livestock, calling out, “This is David’s plunder!” |
| 8 | 2 Samuel 5:17–25 | When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king over Israel, they all went in search of him; but David learned of this and went down to the stronghold. Now the Philistines had come and spread out in the Valley of Rephaim. So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go up against the Philistines? Will You deliver them into my hand?” “Go,” replied the LORD, “for I will surely deliver the Philistines into your hand.” So David went to Baal-perazim, where he defeated the Philistines and said, “Like a bursting flood, the LORD has burst out against my enemies before me.” So he called that place Baal-perazim. There the Philistines abandoned their idols, and David and his men carried them away. Once again the Philistines came up and spread out in the Valley of Rephaim. So David inquired of the LORD, who answered, “Do not march straight up, but circle around behind them and attack them in front of the balsam trees. As soon as you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the balsam trees, move quickly, because this will mean that the LORD has marched out before you to strike the camp of the Philistines.” So David did as the LORD had commanded him, and he struck down the Philistines all the way from Gibeon to Gezer. |
2 Samuel 8:12 Summary
In 2 Samuel 8:12, we see that King David conquered many nations and dedicated the spoils of war to God, recognizing that his victories came from the Lord. This verse reminds us that God is a God of victory and that He is with those who trust in Him, as seen in Romans 8:37. Just like King David, we can trust God for victory in our lives and acknowledge His sovereignty by dedicating our lives and resources to Him, as seen in 1 Chronicles 29:10-16. By doing so, we can experience God's faithfulness and provision, just like King David did, and point others to His goodness and love.
Frequently Asked Questions
What nations did King David conquer as mentioned in 2 Samuel 8:12?
According to 2 Samuel 8:12, King David conquered Edom, Moab, the Ammonites, Philistines, Amalekites, and the kingdom of Zobah, as seen in the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, which is a testament to God's promise in Deuteronomy 1:7-8 to give the Israelites the land of these nations.
Why did King David dedicate the spoils of war to the Lord?
King David dedicated the spoils of war to the Lord as an act of worship and gratitude, acknowledging that his victories were from God, as seen in 2 Samuel 8:11 and 1 Chronicles 29:10-16, where David recognizes God's sovereignty and provision.
What can we learn from King David's military campaigns in 2 Samuel 8:12?
We can learn that God is a God of victory and that He is with those who trust in Him, as seen in 2 Samuel 8:14 and Romans 8:37, where we are reminded that God gives us victory in all things through Jesus Christ.
How does 2 Samuel 8:12 relate to the rest of the Bible?
2 Samuel 8:12 is part of the larger narrative of God's covenant with Israel and His plan to bless all nations through them, as seen in Genesis 12:3 and Galatians 3:8, which highlights God's faithfulness to His promises and His desire to bless all people through Jesus Christ.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways I can acknowledge God's sovereignty in my life, just like King David did in 2 Samuel 8:11-12?
- How can I apply the principle of dedicating my 'spoils' to God, whether that be my time, talents, or treasure?
- What are some areas in my life where I need to trust God for victory, just like King David did in his military campaigns?
- How can I use my experiences, whether victories or defeats, to point others to God's faithfulness and goodness?
Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 8:12
Of Syria,.... Of Syria of Damascus, as distinct from Syriazobah, Hadadezer was king of, after mentioned; this is omitted in 1 Chronicles 18:11; and of Moab: who brought him gifts and presents, and
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 8:12
Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah. No JFB commentary on this verse.
Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:12
2 Samuel 8:12 Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.Ver. 12. Of Syria, &c.] Rupertus well applieth these seven victories of David recorded in this chapter to those seven vials of wrath and judgments which Christ shall pour upon the beast and others, for contempt of the gospel.
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:12
(12) Of Syria.—1 Chronicles 18:11 reads Edom. The two names differing in the original only by one very similar letter (the d and r, which are so often confused), it might be supposed that one was an error for the other, were it not that both were actually conquered and the spoils of both dedicated by David, Syria is spoken of here because Edom has not yet been mentioned, and the account of its conquest is given afterwards (2 Samuel 8:14; 1 Kings 11:15-17); while Edom is given in Chron. because the booty from Syria had just before been spoken of particularly. It may be, however, that both names were originally in both places. Amalek.—This is the only allusion to a war with Amalek after David came to the throne. They had been “utterly destroyed” by Saul (1 Samuel 15); but they were a nation of many tribes, and Saul’s victory can relate to only one branch, since David afterwards inflicted a severe blow upon them (1 Samuel 30), and there is no reason why still other branches of the nation may not have proved troublesome, and been defeated by him at other times.
Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 8:12
12. of Syria] Chr. and the Sept. agree in reading Edom instead of Aram (Syria). The two names are easily confused (cp. note on 2 Samuel 8:3), and it is not easy to decide between them. The order, and the connexion with Moab and Ammon, are in favour of Edom: on the other hand Edom has not yet been mentioned, and Syria of Damascus was distinct from Zobah, and might very well be specified in addition to it (2 Samuel 8:5). Amalek] The only allusion to an Amalekite war, unless the spoil taken in the victory of 1 Samuel 30:16 ff. is meant. Chr. omits the rest of the verse.
Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 8:12
Syria - Rather, as in 1 Chronicles 18:11, Edom, which is manifestly the right reading, both because Edom, Moab, and Ammon are so frequently joined together, and because David’s Syrian spoil is
Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:12
SUMMARY OF DAVID’S , 2 Samuel 8:1-14.We are not to suppose that these victories all occurred after the events recorded in the last chapter, nor that they are here recorded in exact chronological order.
Sermons on 2 Samuel 8:12
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
For Our People and for the Cities of Our God by John Piper | John Piper delivers a sermon on the importance of teamwork in ministry, drawing inspiration from the relationship between Joab and Abishai in 2 Samuel 10. He emphasizes six key cha |
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Praise by Hans R. Waldvogel | In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of Elijah and his servant when they saw the mountains full of chariots, representing the enemy. The preacher emphasizes that when w |
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None of These Things Move Me by A.B. Simpson | A.B. Simpson emphasizes that the presence of spiritual opposition often signifies God's work in our lives, echoing Charles H. Spurgeon's insight that the devil's growl can be a sig |