2 Samuel 8:10

2 Samuel 8:10 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

he sent his son Joram to greet King David and bless him for fighting and defeating Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi. Joram brought with him articles of silver and gold and bronze,

King James Version KJV

Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:

American Standard Version ASV

then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:

Bible in Basic English BBE

He sent his son Hadoram to David, with words of peace and blessing, because he had overcome Hadadezer in the fight, for Hadadezer had wars with Tou; and Hadoram took with him vessels of silver and gold and brass:

Free Bible Version FBV

he sent his son Joram to David to make friends with him and to congratulate him on his victory in battle over Hadadezer. Tou and Hadadezer had often been at war. Joram brought all kinds of gifts of gold, silver, and bronze.

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

Therefore Toi sent Ioram his sonne vnto King Dauid, to salute him, and to reioyce with him because he had fought against Hadadezer, and beaten him (for Hadadezer had warre with Toi) who brought with him vessels of siluer, and vessels of golde, and vessels of brasse.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

and Toi sendeth Joram his son unto king David to ask of him of welfare, and to bless him, (because that he hath fought against Hadadezer, and smiteth him, for a man of wars [with] Toi had Hadadezer been), and in his hand have been vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass,

World English Bible WEB

then Toi sent Joram his son to King David to greet him and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer and struck him; for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. Joram brought with him vessels of silver, vessels of gold, and vessels of bronze.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

Then Toi sent Joram his son to king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: (for Hadadezer had wars with Toi) and Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

And Thou sent Joram his son to king David, to salute him, and to congratulate with him, and to return him thanks: because he had fought against Adarezer, and had defeated him. For Thou was an enemy to Adarezer, and in his hand were vessels of gold, and vessels of silver, and vessels of brass:

Translation for Translators T4T

he sent his son Joram to greet King David and to ◄congratulate him/say that he was happy► about his army defeating Hadadezer’s army, which Toi’s army had fought many times. Joram brought to David many items/gifts made from gold, silver, and bronze.

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Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 8:10

BAB

Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

2 Samuel 8:10 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB

HEB וַ/יִּשְׁלַ֣ח תֹּ֣עִי אֶת יֽוֹרָם בְּנ֣/וֹ אֶל הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ דָּ֠וִד לִ/שְׁאָל ל֨/וֹ לְ/שָׁל֜וֹם וּֽ/לְ/בָרֲכ֗/וֹ עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִלְחַ֤ם בַּ/הֲדַדְעֶ֨זֶר֙ וַ/יַּכֵּ֔/הוּ כִּי אִ֛ישׁ מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת תֹּ֖עִי הָיָ֣ה הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר וּ/בְ/יָד֗/וֹ הָי֛וּ כְּלֵֽי כֶ֥סֶף וּ/כְלֵֽי זָהָ֖ב וּ/כְלֵ֥י נְחֹֽשֶׁת

וַ/יִּשְׁלַ֣ח shâlach H7971 to send Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

תֹּ֣עִי Tôʻûw H8583 Toi N-proper

אֶת ʼêth H853 Obj. DirObjM

יֽוֹרָם Yôwrâm H3141 Joram N-proper

בְּנ֣/וֹ bên H1121 son N-ms | Suff

אֶל ʼêl H413 to(wards) Prep

הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ melek H4428 King's Art | N-ms

דָּ֠וִד Dâvid H1732 David N-proper

לִ/שְׁאָל shâʼal H7592 to ask Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a

ל֨/וֹ Prep | Suff

לְ/שָׁל֜וֹם shâlôwm H7965 Peace Prep | N-ms

וּֽ/לְ/בָרֲכ֗/וֹ bârak H1288 to bless Conj | Prep | V-Piel-Inf-a | Suff

עַל֩ ʻal H5921 upon Prep

אֲשֶׁ֨ר ʼăsher H834 which Rel

נִלְחַ֤ם lâcham H3898 to fight V-Niphal-Perf-3ms

בַּ/הֲדַדְעֶ֨זֶר֙ Hădadʻezer H1909 Hadadezer Prep | N-proper

וַ/יַּכֵּ֔/הוּ nâkâh H5221 to smite Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff

כִּי kîy H3588 for Conj

אִ֛ישׁ ʼîysh H376 man N-ms

מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת milchâmâh H4421 battle N-fp

תֹּ֖עִי Tôʻûw H8583 Toi N-proper

הָיָ֣ה hâyâh H1961 to be V-Qal-Perf-3ms

הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר Hădadʻezer H1909 Hadadezer N-proper

וּ/בְ/יָד֗/וֹ yâd H3027 hand Conj | Prep | N-cs | Suff

הָי֛וּ hâyâh H1961 to be V-Qal-Perf-3cp

כְּלֵֽי kᵉlîy H3627 article/utensil N-mp

כֶ֥סֶף keçeph H3701 silver N-ms

וּ/כְלֵֽי kᵉlîy H3627 article/utensil Conj | N-mp

זָהָ֖ב zâhâb H2091 gold N-ms

וּ/כְלֵ֥י kᵉlîy H3627 article/utensil Conj | N-mp

נְחֹֽשֶׁת nᵉchôsheth H5178 bronze N-fs

Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 8:10

וַ/יִּשְׁלַ֣ח shâlach H7971 "to send" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

To send or depart is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which has various applications in the Bible. It can describe sending someone or something away, or letting something go.

Definition: : depart/send 1) to send, send away, let go, stretch out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to send 1a2) to stretch out, extend, direct 1a3) to send away 1a4) to let loose 1b) (Niphal) to be sent 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to send off or away or out or forth, dismiss, give over, cast out 1c2) to let go, set free 1c3) to shoot forth (of branches) 1c4) to let down 1c5) to shoot 1d) (Pual) to be sent off, be put away, be divorced, be impelled 1e) (Hiphil) to send

Usage: Occurs in 790 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out). See also: Genesis 3:22; Exodus 9:27; Joshua 14:11.

תֹּ֣עִי Tôʻûw H8583 "Toi" N-proper

Toi was a Syrian king who lived during the time of King David, and is mentioned in 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. His name means 'wander'.

Definition: A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.9; father of: Joram (H3141); also called Tou at 1Ch.18.9,10; § Toi or Tou = "wander" king of Hamath in the time of David

Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Toi, Tou. See also: 2 Samuel 8:9; 1 Chronicles 18:9; 1 Chronicles 18:10.

אֶת ʼêth H853 "Obj." DirObjM

In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.

Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.

יֽוֹרָם Yôwrâm H3141 "Joram" N-proper

Joram was a king of Judah who lived during the time of the Divided Monarchy, and is mentioned in 1 Kings and 2 Kings. He was the son of Jehoshaphat and the father of Ahaziah, and his name is also translated as Joram in some Bible versions.

Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.22.50; son of: Jehoshaphat (H3092I); brother of: Azariah (H5838Q), Jehiel (H3171J), Zechariah (H2148J), Azariahu (H5838R), Michael (H4317O) and Shephatiah (H8203K); married to Athaliah (H6271); father of: Ahaziah (H0274H) and Jehosheba (H3089); also called Joram at 2Ki.8.21,23,24; 11.2; 2x Another name of ye.ho.ram (יְהוֹרָם "Jehoram" H3088G) § Joram = "Jehovah is exalted" 1) son of king Jehoshaphat of Judah and himself king of Judah for 8 years; his wife was the wicked Athaliah who was probably the instigator for his returning the nation of Judah to the worship of Baal 2) son of king Ahab of the northern kingdom of Israel and king of Israel himself for 12 years; he was murdered by Jehu on the plot of land for which his father had murdered Naboth thus fulfilling the prophecy of Elijah to the very letter 3) a Levite in the time of David and an ancestor of Shelomith 4) son of Toi, king of Hamath

Usage: Occurs in 16 OT verses. KJV: Joram. See also: 2 Samuel 8:10; 2 Kings 9:14; 2 Chronicles 22:7.

בְּנ֣/וֹ bên H1121 "son" N-ms | Suff

In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.

Definition: : child/son

Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.

אֶל ʼêl H413 "to(wards)" Prep

This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.

Definition: 1) to, toward, unto (of motion) 2) into (limit is actually entered) 2a) in among 3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion) 4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character) 5) in addition to, to 6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of 7) according to (rule or standard) 8) at, by, against (of one's presence) 9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)

Usage: Occurs in 4205 OT verses. KJV: about, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in). See also: Genesis 1:9; Genesis 21:14; Genesis 31:13.

הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ melek H4428 "King's" Art | N-ms

This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.

Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)

Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.

דָּ֠וִד Dâvid H1732 "David" N-proper

David was the youngest son of Jesse and a king of Judah, first mentioned in Ruth 4:17, and an ancestor of Jesus.

Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at Rut.4.17; son of: Jesse (H3448) and Nahash (H5176I); brother of: Eliab (H0446I), Abinadab (H0041I), Shimeah (H8093), Zeruiah (H6870), Abigail (H0026H)(?), Nethanel (H5417H), Raddai (H7288), Ozem (H0684) and Elihu (H0453J); married to Michal (H4324), Abigail (H0026), Ahinoam (H0293H), Maacah (H4601I), Haggith (H2294), Abital (H0037), Eglah (H5698) and Bathsheba (H1339); father of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N) Also named: Daueid, Dauid, Dabid (Δαυείδ, Δαυίδ, Δαβίδ "David" G1138) § David = "beloved" youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel

Usage: Occurs in 912 OT verses. KJV: David. See also: Ruth 4:17; 1 Samuel 20:41; 1 Samuel 27:9.

לִ/שְׁאָל shâʼal H7592 "to ask" Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a

To ask or inquire, this Hebrew word is used in the Bible to describe seeking information or requesting something. It can also mean to beg or borrow, and is used in many different contexts throughout the Old Testament. The KJV translates it as ask, beg, or borrow.

Definition: 1) to ask, enquire, borrow, beg 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to ask, ask for 1a2) to ask (as a favour), borrow 1a3) to enquire, enquire of 1a4) to enquire of, consult (of deity, oracle) 1a5) to seek 1b) (Niphal) to ask for oneself, ask leave of absence 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to enquire, enquire carefully 1c2) to beg, practise beggary 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to be given on request 1d2) to grant, make over to, let (one) ask (successfully) or give or lend on request (then) grant or make over to Aramaic equivalent: she.el (שְׁאֵל "to ask" H7593)

Usage: Occurs in 157 OT verses. KJV: ask (counsel, on), beg, borrow, lay to charge, consult, demand, desire, [idiom] earnestly, enquire, [phrase] greet, obtain leave, lend, pray, request, require, [phrase] salute, [idiom] straitly, [idiom] surely, wish. See also: Genesis 24:47; 2 Samuel 8:10; Psalms 2:8.

ל֨/וֹ "" Prep | Suff

לְ/שָׁל֜וֹם shâlôwm H7965 "Peace" Prep | N-ms

This Hebrew word for peace, shalom, means completeness, wellness, and friendship, and is often used to describe God's relationship with humanity, as seen in the covenant with the Israelites. It encompasses physical and spiritual health, prosperity, and harmony.

Definition: This name means completeness, peace Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)

Usage: Occurs in 209 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] do, familiar, [idiom] fare, favour, [phrase] friend, [idiom] great, (good) health, ([idiom] perfect, such as be at) peace(-able, -ably), prosper(-ity, -ous), rest, safe(-ty), salute, welfare, ([idiom] all is, be) well, [idiom] wholly. See also: Genesis 15:15; Esther 2:11; Psalms 4:9.

וּֽ/לְ/בָרֲכ֗/וֹ bârak H1288 "to bless" Conj | Prep | V-Piel-Inf-a | Suff

To bless means to praise or honor God, often by kneeling in worship. In the Bible, people bless God and God blesses people, showing favor and care for them, as seen in the story of Abraham and his descendants.

Definition: 1) to bless, kneel 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to kneel 1a2) to bless 1b) (Niphal) to be blessed, bless oneself 1c) (Piel) to bless 1d) (Pual) to be blessed, be adored 1e) (Hiphil) to cause to kneel 1f) (Hithpael) to bless oneself 2) (TWOT) to praise, salute, curse Aramaic equivalent: be.rakh (בְּרַךְ "to bless" H1289)

Usage: Occurs in 289 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] abundantly, [idiom] altogether, [idiom] at all, blaspheme, bless, congratulate, curse, [idiom] greatly, [idiom] indeed, kneel (down), praise, salute, [idiom] still, thank. See also: Genesis 1:22; Deuteronomy 24:19; Job 2:9.

עַל֩ ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep

This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.

Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)

Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.

אֲשֶׁ֨ר ʼăsher H834 "which" Rel

This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.

Definition: A: 1) (relative part.) 1a) which, who 1b) that which 2) (conj) 2a) that (in obj clause) 2b) when 2c) since 2d) as 2e) conditional if B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which 2) (adv) 2a) where 3) (conj) 3a) in that, inasmuch as 3b) on account of C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which 2) from (the place) where 3) from (the fact) that, since D: Kaph+ 1) (conj.), according as, as, when 1a) according to that which, according as, as 1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since 1c) with a temporal force: when

Usage: Occurs in 4440 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 20:9; Genesis 31:16.

נִלְחַ֤ם lâcham H3898 "to fight" V-Niphal-Perf-3ms

In the Bible, this word means to feed on or consume something, often referring to eating food or battling against someone. It's used in stories like David's battles and the Israelites' struggles in the wilderness.

Definition: 1) to fight, do battle, make war 1a) (Qal) to fight, do battle 1b) (Niphal) to engage in battle, wage war

Usage: Occurs in 171 OT verses. KJV: devour, eat, [idiom] ever, fight(-ing), overcome, prevail, (make) war(-ring). See also: Exodus 1:10; 2 Samuel 8:10; Psalms 35:1.

בַּ/הֲדַדְעֶ֨זֶר֙ Hădadʻezer H1909 "Hadadezer" Prep | N-proper

Hadadezer was a Syrian king who ruled over Zobah, and his name means Hadad is help. He was defeated by David's army, as recorded in 2 Samuel 8:3, and was the son of Rehob.

Definition: A man of Zobah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.8.3; son of: Rehob (H7340I) § Hadadezer = "Hadad is help" son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David's army

Usage: Occurs in 18 OT verses. KJV: Hadadezer. Compare H1928 (הֲדַרְעֶזֶר). See also: 2 Samuel 8:3; 1 Kings 11:23; 1 Chronicles 19:19.

וַ/יַּכֵּ֔/הוּ nâkâh H5221 "to smite" Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff

In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to strike or hit something, and it's used in many different ways, like in Exodus when God strikes down the Egyptians. It can also mean to punish or destroy, as seen in Isaiah. The word is used to describe God's judgment.

Definition: 1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill 1a)(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten 1b) (Pual) to be stricken or smitten 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust 1c2) to smite, kill, slay (man or beast) 1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage 1c4) to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy 1d) (Hophal) to be smitten 1d1) to receive a blow 1d2) to be wounded 1d3) to be beaten 1d4) to be (fatally) smitten, be killed, be slain 1d5) to be attacked and captured 1d6) to be smitten (with disease) 1d7) to be blighted (of plants)

Usage: Occurs in 461 OT verses. KJV: beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), [idiom] go forward, [idiom] indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer, punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike, be stricken, (give) stripes, [idiom] surely, wound. See also: Genesis 4:15; Joshua 10:20; 1 Samuel 29:5.

כִּי kîy H3588 "for" Conj

A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.

Definition: 1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since 1a) that 1a1) yea, indeed 1b) when (of time) 1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force) 1c) because, since (causal connection) 1d) but (after negative) 1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if 1f) but rather, but 1g) except that 1h) only, nevertheless 1i) surely 1j) that is 1k) but if 1l) for though 1m) forasmuch as, for therefore

Usage: Occurs in 3910 OT verses. KJV: and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet. See also: Genesis 1:4; Genesis 26:16; Genesis 42:15.

אִ֛ישׁ ʼîysh H376 "man" N-ms

The Hebrew word for man, referring to a male person or individual, is used in the Bible to describe humans in contrast to God or animals, as seen in Genesis and Psalms. It can also mean husband or servant. In the KJV, it is translated as man or male.

Definition: : man 1) man 1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female) 1b) husband 1c) human being, person (in contrast to God) 1d) servant 1e) mankind 1f) champion 1g) great man 2) whosoever 3) each (adjective)

Usage: Occurs in 1851 OT verses. KJV: also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phrase] steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare H802 (אִשָּׁה). See also: Genesis 2:23; Genesis 42:25; Exodus 32:23.

מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת milchâmâh H4421 "battle" N-fp

This word means battle or war, describing a fight or conflict. It is used in the Bible to talk about wars and battles, like the ones in the book of Joshua. The KJV translates it as battle or fight.

Definition: battle, war

Usage: Occurs in 308 OT verses. KJV: battle, fight(-ing), war(-rior). See also: Genesis 14:2; 1 Samuel 30:24; 2 Chronicles 13:14.

תֹּ֖עִי Tôʻûw H8583 "Toi" N-proper

Toi was a Syrian king who lived during the time of King David, and is mentioned in 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. His name means 'wander'.

Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Toi, Tou. See also: 2 Samuel 8:9; 1 Chronicles 18:9; 1 Chronicles 18:10.

הָיָ֣ה hâyâh H1961 "to be" V-Qal-Perf-3ms

The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.

Definition: 1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) --- 1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass 1a1b) to come about, come to pass 1a2) to come into being, become 1a2a) to arise, appear, come 1a2b) to become 1a2b1) to become 1a2b2) to become like 1a2b3) to be instituted, be established 1a3) to be 1a3a) to exist, be in existence 1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) 1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality) 1a3d) to accompany, be with 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about 1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Usage: Occurs in 3131 OT verses. KJV: beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 17:4; Genesis 36:11.

הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר Hădadʻezer H1909 "Hadadezer" N-proper

Hadadezer was a Syrian king who ruled over Zobah, and his name means Hadad is help. He was defeated by David's army, as recorded in 2 Samuel 8:3, and was the son of Rehob.

Usage: Occurs in 18 OT verses. KJV: Hadadezer. Compare H1928 (הֲדַרְעֶזֶר). See also: 2 Samuel 8:3; 1 Kings 11:23; 1 Chronicles 19:19.

וּ/בְ/יָד֗/וֹ yâd H3027 "hand" Conj | Prep | N-cs | Suff

In the Bible, 'yad' refers to an open hand, symbolizing power or direction. It can also mean strength or a part of something, like a side or a share. The word is used in many contexts, including anatomy and everyday life.

Definition: : hand/arm[anatomy] 1) hand 1a) hand (of man) 1b) strength, power (fig.) 1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.) 1d) (various special, technical senses) 1d1) sign, monument 1d2) part, fractional part, share 1d3) time, repetition 1d4) axle-trees, axle 1d5) stays, support (for laver) 1d6) tenons (in tabernacle) 1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure) 1d8) wrists

Usage: Occurs in 1446 OT verses. KJV: ([phrase] be) able, [idiom] about, [phrase] armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, [idiom] bounty, [phrase] broad, (broken-) handed, [idiom] by, charge, coast, [phrase] consecrate, [phrase] creditor, custody, debt, dominion, [idiom] enough, [phrase] fellowship, force, [idiom] from, hand(-staves, -y work), [idiom] he, himself, [idiom] in, labour, [phrase] large, ledge, (left-) handed, means, [idiom] mine, ministry, near, [idiom] of, [idiom] order, ordinance, [idiom] our, parts, pain, power, [idiom] presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, [phrase] swear, terror, [idiom] thee, [idiom] by them, [idiom] themselves, [idiom] thine own, [idiom] thou, through, [idiom] throwing, [phrase] thumb, times, [idiom] to, [idiom] under, [idiom] us, [idiom] wait on, (way-) side, where, [phrase] wide, [idiom] with (him, me, you), work, [phrase] yield, [idiom] yourselves. See also: Genesis 3:22; Exodus 7:19; Leviticus 14:22.

הָי֛וּ hâyâh H1961 "to be" V-Qal-Perf-3cp

The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.

כְּלֵֽי kᵉlîy H3627 "article/utensil" N-mp

This Hebrew word refers to any object or tool, like a utensil or a piece of furniture. It is used to describe a wide range of items, from musical instruments to weapons. It emphasizes the object's purpose or function.

Definition: 1) article, vessel, implement, utensil 1a) article, object (general) 1b) utensil, implement, apparatus, vessel 1b1) implement (of hunting or war) 1b2) implement (of music) 1b3) implement, tool (of labour) 1b4) equipment, yoke (of oxen) 1b5) utensils, furniture 1c) vessel, receptacle (general) 1d) vessels (boats) of paper-reed

Usage: Occurs in 276 OT verses. KJV: armour(-bearer), artillery, bag, carriage, [phrase] furnish, furniture, instrument, jewel, that is made of, [idiom] one from another, that which pertaineth, pot, [phrase] psaltery, sack, stuff, thing, tool, vessel, ware, weapon, [phrase] whatsoever. See also: Genesis 24:53; 1 Samuel 14:13; Ezra 8:26.

כֶ֥סֶף keçeph H3701 "silver" N-ms

Silver or money, often referring to payment or wealth, like the silver talents in Matthew 25. It can also describe silver as a valuable metal or ornament.

Definition: : money/payment/silver 1) silver, money 1a) silver 1a1) as metal 1a2) as ornament 1a3) as colour 1b) money, shekels, talents

Usage: Occurs in 343 OT verses. KJV: money, price, silver(-ling). See also: Genesis 13:2; Numbers 22:18; 2 Chronicles 1:17.

וּ/כְלֵֽי kᵉlîy H3627 "article/utensil" Conj | N-mp

זָהָ֖ב zâhâb H2091 "gold" N-ms

Gold is a valuable metal, also used to describe something yellow or brilliant, like oil or a clear sky. It is often mentioned in the Bible as a precious resource.

Definition: 1) gold 1a) as precious metal 1b) as a measure of weight 1c) of brilliance, splendour (fig.) Aramaic equivalent: de.hav (דְּהַב "gold" H1722)

Usage: Occurs in 336 OT verses. KJV: gold(-en), fair weather. See also: Genesis 2:11; Numbers 7:26; 1 Chronicles 28:17.

וּ/כְלֵ֥י kᵉlîy H3627 "article/utensil" Conj | N-mp

נְחֹֽשֶׁת nᵉchôsheth H5178 "bronze" N-fs

This Hebrew word refers to copper or something made of it, like a coin or chain. It can also symbolize something base or impure, as in lust or filthiness. It appears in various KJV translations, including brasen and brass.

Definition: 1) copper, bronze 1a) copper (ore), bronze (as copper alloy) 1b) fetters (of copper or bronze) 1c) copper (as value)

Usage: Occurs in 119 OT verses. KJV: brasen, brass, chain, copper, fetter (of brass), filthiness, steel. See also: Genesis 4:22; 1 Kings 7:38; Psalms 107:16.

Study Notes — 2 Samuel 8:10

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Context
Cross References
2 Samuel 8:10 Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Reflection Questions
Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 8:10
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 8:10
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:10
Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:10
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:10
Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 8:10
Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 8:10
Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:10
Sermons on 2 Samuel 8:10

Context — David’s Triumphs

8And from Betah and Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, King David took a large amount of bronze. 9When King Toi of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer,

10he sent his son Joram to greet King David and bless him for fighting and defeating Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi. Joram brought with him articles of silver and gold and bronze,

11and King David dedicated these to the LORD, along with the silver and gold he had dedicated from all the nations he had subdued— 12from Edom and Moab, from the Ammonites and Philistines and Amalekites, and from the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	1 Samuel 13:10	Just as he finished offering the burnt offering, Samuel arrived, and Saul went out to greet him.
2	1 Chronicles 18:10	he sent his son Hadoram to greet King David and bless him for fighting and defeating Hadadezer, who had been at war with Tou. Hadoram brought all kinds of articles of gold and silver and bronze,
3	Psalms 129:8	May none who pass by say to them, “The blessing of the LORD be on you; we bless you in the name of the LORD.”
4	Isaiah 39:1	At that time Merodach-baladan son of Baladan king of Babylon sent letters and a gift to Hezekiah, for he had heard about Hezekiah’s illness and recovery.
5	1 Kings 1:47	The king’s servants have also gone to congratulate our lord King David, saying, ‘May your God make the name of Solomon more famous than your own name, and may He make his throne greater than your throne.’ And the king has bowed in worship on his bed,
6	Genesis 43:27	He asked if they were well, and then he asked, “How is your elderly father you told me about? Is he still alive?”

2 Samuel 8:10 Summary

This verse tells us that King Toi of Hamath sent his son Joram to greet King David and thank him for defeating their common enemy, Hadadezer. Joram brought gifts of silver, gold, and bronze to show their appreciation. This shows us the importance of being kind and grateful towards others, just like King Toi was towards King David. We can learn from this example by showing gratitude to God and to those around us, just as we see in Psalms 107:1, and by using our resources to bless others, as Jesus taught us in Matthew 25:40.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did King Toi of Hamath send his son Joram to greet King David?

King Toi sent his son Joram to greet King David and bless him for fighting and defeating Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi, as a gesture of peace and friendship, similar to the way King Solomon later made treaties with other nations, as seen in 1 Kings 5:12.

What were the articles that Joram brought with him?

The articles Joram brought with him were made of silver, gold, and bronze, likely as a gift to King David to show Toi's appreciation and to establish a peaceful relationship, similar to the gifts given to King Solomon by the Queen of Sheba, as described in 1 Kings 10:2.

How did King David respond to the gifts from Toi?

Although 2 Samuel 8:10 does not specify how King David responded to the gifts, the next verse, 2 Samuel 8:11, indicates that King David dedicated these gifts to the LORD, along with the spoils of war from other nations, as an act of worship and gratitude, similar to the dedication of spoils in Joshua 6:24.

What can we learn from King Toi's actions in this verse?

King Toi's actions demonstrate the importance of showing appreciation and gratitude towards others, especially when they have helped us in some way, as seen in the way King David showed gratitude to God in Psalms 100:4-5, and the way Jesus taught us to love our neighbors as ourselves in Matthew 22:39.

Reflection Questions

What are some ways I can show appreciation and gratitude towards others, just like King Toi showed towards King David?
How can I, like King David, dedicate the blessings and gifts I receive to the LORD, and use them for His glory?
What are some things in my life that I can surrender to God, just like King David dedicated the spoils of war to the LORD, and how can I use them to bring glory to His name?
In what ways can I be a blessing to others, just like King David was a blessing to King Toi, and how can I use my resources and gifts to help those in need?

Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 8:10

Then Toi sent Joram his son unto King David,.... Who is called Hadoram in 1 Chronicles 18:10; though the Syriac and Arabic versions read Joram there: to salute him: to inquire of his welfare after

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 8:10

Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:10

Toi sent Joram: here also the names differ from ,10, where it is Tou and Hadoram. Had wars, Heb. was a man of wars, i.e. was exercised with continual wars. Compare , &c.

Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:10

2 Samuel 8:10 Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And [Joram] brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass: Ver. 10. Then Toi sent Joram his son:] So true is that of Solomon, "Many are the lovers of the rich and prosperous: whenas the poor is hated even of his own neighbour," as David had been whilst in a low condition. Had wars with Toi.] Heb., Was a man of wars with him. A quarrelsome man is like a cock of the game, that is still bloody with the blood of others, and himself. Perpetuis bellis cum infestabat neque sinebat ab eis quiescere. - Jun.

Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:10

(10) Joram=Hadoram, 1 Chronicles 18:10. Joram is probably the Jewish form of the same name. An embassy headed by the king’s son was an especially honourable one. The occasion was David’s conquest of Toi’s neighbour and constant enemy, and the large presents sent by him have something of the character of tribute. The phrase “to bless him,” is simply equivalent to “congratulate him,” by which the same word is translated in 1 Chronicles 18:10.

Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 8:10

10. Joram] Hadoram, the name given in Chr., is probably the true reading, for which the Hebrew name Joram has been substituted by a scribe’s error. to bless him] To congratulate him, as in Chr. The phrase there translated “to inquire of his welfare” is identical with that rendered “to salute” here. Hadadezer had wars with Toi] Lit. “a man of wars of Toi was Hadadezer.” A man of wars = one who wages wars. Cp. 1 Chronicles 28:3. Joram brought, &c.] A valuable present, intended to secure the goodwill of his powerful neighbour. Cp. 1 Kings 15:18.

Barnes' Notes on 2 Samuel 8:10

Joram - Or, more probably, Hadoram. See the margin.

Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 8:10

SUMMARY OF DAVID’S , 2 Samuel 8:1-14.We are not to suppose that these victories all occurred after the events recorded in the last chapter, nor that they are here recorded in exact chronological order.

Sermons on 2 Samuel 8:10

	Sermon	Description
	"Go, Return!" by F.B. Meyer	F.B. Meyer emphasizes the grave consequences of sin, illustrating how it can permanently hinder one's usefulness to God through the examples of Moses, Saul, and Elijah. He highligh

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