1 Kings 9:16
1 Kings 9:16 in Multiple Translations
Pharaoh king of Egypt had attacked and captured Gezer. He had set it on fire, killed the Canaanites who lived in the city, and given it as a dowry to his daughter, Solomon’s wife.
For Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire, and slain the Canaanites that dwelt in the city, and given it for a present unto his daughter, Solomon’s wife.
Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire, and slain the Canaanites that dwelt in the city, and given it for a portion unto his daughter, Solomon’s wife.
Pharaoh, king of Egypt, came and took Gezer, burning it down and putting to death the Canaanites living in the town, and he gave it for a bride-offering to his daughter, Solomon's wife. ...
Pharaoh, king of Egypt, had attacked and captured Gezer. He had set it on fire, and killed the Canaanites living in the town. He had then given it as a wedding dowry to his daughter, Solomon's wife.
Pharaoh King of Egypt had come vp, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire, and slew the Canaanites, that dwelt in the citie, and gaue it for a present vnto his daughter Salomons wife.
(Pharaoh king of Egypt hath gone up and doth capture Gezer, and doth burn it with fire, and the Canaanite who is dwelling in the city he hath slain, and giveth it [with] presents to his daughter, wife of Solomon.)
Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, taken Gezer, burned it with fire, killed the Canaanites who lived in the city, and given it for a wedding gift to his daughter, Solomon’s wife.
For Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire, and slain the Canaanites that dwelt in the city, and given it for a present to his daughter, Solomon's wife.
Pharao the king of Egypt came up and took Gazer, and burnt it with fire: and slew the Chanaanite that dwelt in the city, and gave it for a dowry to his daughter, Solomon’s wife.
The reason they needed to rebuild Gezer was that the army of the king of Egypt had attacked Gezer and captured it. Then they had burned the houses in the city and killed all the people of the Canaan people-group who lived there. The king of Egypt gave that city to his daughter as a gift when she married Solomon.
Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Kings 9:16
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
1 Kings 9:16 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
פַּרְעֹ֨ה
מֶֽלֶךְ
מִצְרַ֜יִם
עָלָ֗ה
וַ/יִּלְכֹּ֤ד
אֶת
גֶּ֨זֶר֙
וַ/יִּשְׂרְפָ֣/הּ
בָּ/אֵ֔שׁ
וְ/אֶת
הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֛י
הַ/יֹּשֵׁ֥ב
בָּ/עִ֖יר
הָרָ֑ג
וַֽ/יִּתְּנָ/הּ֙
שִׁלֻּחִ֔ים
לְ/בִתּ֖/וֹ
אֵ֥שֶׁת
שְׁלֹמֹֽה
פַּרְעֹ֨ה
Parʻôh
H6547
Pharaoh
N-proper
מֶֽלֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
מִצְרַ֜יִם
Mitsrayim
H4714
Egypt
N-proper
עָלָ֗ה
ʻâlâh
H5927
to ascend
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
וַ/יִּלְכֹּ֤ד
lâkad
H3920
to capture
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
גֶּ֨זֶר֙
Gezer
H1507
Gezer
N-proper
וַ/יִּשְׂרְפָ֣/הּ
sâraph
H8313
to burn
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
בָּ/אֵ֔שׁ
ʼêsh
H784
fire
Prep | N-cs
וְ/אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
Conj | DirObjM
הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֛י
Kᵉnaʻanîy
H3669
Canaanitess
Art | Ngmsa
הַ/יֹּשֵׁ֥ב
yâshab
H3427
to dwell
Art | V-Qal
בָּ/עִ֖יר
ʻîyr
H5892
excitement
Prep | N-fs
הָרָ֑ג
hârag
H2026
to kill
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
וַֽ/יִּתְּנָ/הּ֙
nâthan
H5414
to give
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
שִׁלֻּחִ֔ים
shillûwach
H7964
parting gift
N-mp
לְ/בִתּ֖/וֹ
bath
H1323
Bath (Shua)
Prep | N-fs | Suff
אֵ֥שֶׁת
ʼishshâh
H802
woman
N-fs
שְׁלֹמֹֽה
Shᵉlômôh
H8010
Solomon
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Kings 9:16
פַּרְעֹ֨ה
Parʻôh
H6547
"Pharaoh"
N-proper
In the Bible, Pharaoh refers to the king of Egypt, a powerful leader with great authority. The word is used in many passages, including Genesis 12:15 and Exodus 1:9, to describe the ruler of Egypt. It is a title of respect and power.
Definition: A man of the Egyptians living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.23.29; also called Pharaoh at 2Ki.23.35 etc.; Another name of ne.kho (נְכוֹ "Neco" H5224G) § Pharaoh = "great house" the common title of the king of Egypt
Usage: Occurs in 230 OT verses. KJV: Pharaoh. See also: Genesis 12:15; Exodus 6:29; 2 Kings 23:35.
מֶֽלֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
מִצְרַ֜יִם
Mitsrayim
H4714
"Egypt"
N-proper
This word means Egypt, a country in northeastern Africa, and is used in the Bible to describe the land and its people. It appears in books like Genesis and Isaiah, often referring to the Nile River and the Egyptians. Egypt is an important setting for many biblical events.
Definition: § Egypt = "land of the Copts" a country at the northeastern section of Africa, adjacent to Palestine, and through which the Nile flows Egyptians = "double straits" adj 2) the inhabitants or natives of Egypt
Usage: Occurs in 569 OT verses. KJV: Egypt, Egyptians, Mizraim. See also: Genesis 10:6; Exodus 6:13; Exodus 34:18.
עָלָ֗ה
ʻâlâh
H5927
"to ascend"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To ascend means to go up or rise, like the smoke from an altar going up to God, as described in many Bible passages, including Leviticus and Psalms.
Definition: : rise/go 1) to go up, ascend, climb 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to go up, ascend 1a2) to meet, visit, follow, depart, withdraw, retreat 1a3) to go up, come up (of animals) 1a4) to spring up, grow, shoot forth (of vegetation) 1a5) to go up, go up over, rise (of natural phenomenon) 1a6) to come up (before God) 1a7) to go up, go up over, extend (of boundary) 1a8) to excel, be superior to 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be taken up, be brought up, be taken away 1b2) to take oneself away 1b3) to be exalted 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to bring up, cause to ascend or climb, cause to go up 1c2) to bring up, bring against, take away 1c3) to bring up, draw up, train 1c4) to cause to ascend 1c5) to rouse, stir up (mentally) 1c6) to offer, bring up (of gifts) 1c7) to exalt 1c8) to cause to ascend, offer 1d) (Hophal) 1d1) to be carried away, be led up 1d2) to be taken up into, be inserted in 1d3) to be offered 1e) (Hithpael) to lift oneself
Usage: Occurs in 817 OT verses. KJV: arise (up), (cause to) ascend up, at once, break (the day) (up), bring (up), (cause to) burn, carry up, cast up, [phrase] shew, climb (up), (cause to, make to) come (up), cut off, dawn, depart, exalt, excel, fall, fetch up, get up, (make to) go (away, up); grow (over) increase, lay, leap, levy, lift (self) up, light, (make) up, [idiom] mention, mount up, offer, make to pay, [phrase] perfect, prefer, put (on), raise, recover, restore, (make to) rise (up), scale, set (up), shoot forth (up), (begin to) spring (up), stir up, take away (up), work. See also: Genesis 2:6; Exodus 34:4; Joshua 7:6.
וַ/יִּלְכֹּ֤ד
lâkad
H3920
"to capture"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
This verb means to capture or seize, often using a net or trap. In the Bible, it is used to describe taking control of something or someone, and is also used figuratively to describe being caught or stuck in a situation.
Definition: 1) to capture, take, seize 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to capture, seize 1a2) to capture (of men) (fig.) 1a3) to take (by lot) 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be captured 1b2) to be caught (of men in trap, snare) (fig.) 1c) (Hithpael) to grasp each other
Usage: Occurs in 112 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, catch (self), be frozen, be holden, stick together, take. See also: Numbers 21:32; 2 Kings 18:10; Psalms 9:16.
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
גֶּ֨זֶר֙
Gezer
H1507
"Gezer"
N-proper
Gezer is a place in the Bible, a city in Palestine near Ephraim. The name Gezer means portion, and it was a special city for the Levites. It is mentioned in the books of Joshua and Kings.
Definition: Gazer or Gezer = "portion" a Levitical city on the border of Ephraim Also named: gov (גֹּב "Gob" H1359)
Usage: Occurs in 14 OT verses. KJV: Gazer, Gezer. See also: Joshua 10:33; 1 Kings 9:15; 1 Chronicles 20:4.
וַ/יִּשְׂרְפָ֣/הּ
sâraph
H8313
"to burn"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
This Hebrew word means to set something on fire, and is used in the Bible to describe burning or kindling flames, like in Psalm 83:14. It can also mean to utterly destroy something. The word is related to fire and burning, and is used in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
Definition: 1) to burn 1a) (Qal) to burn 1b) (Niphal) to be burned 1c) (Piel) burner, burning (participle) 1d) (Pual) to be burnt up, be burned Also means: sa.raph (סָרַף "to burn" H5635)
Usage: Occurs in 107 OT verses. KJV: (cause to, make a) burn((-ing), up) kindle, [idiom] utterly. See also: Genesis 11:3; 1 Kings 13:2; Psalms 46:10.
בָּ/אֵ֔שׁ
ʼêsh
H784
"fire"
Prep | N-cs
Fire is a powerful symbol in the Bible, representing both God's anger and his refining presence, as seen in Deuteronomy 4:24 and Malachi 3:2-3. It is also used for cooking and warmth. This concept is central to many biblical stories.
Definition: 1) fire 1a) fire, flames 1b) supernatural fire (accompanying theophany) 1c) fire (for cooking, roasting, parching) 1d) altar-fire 1e) God's anger (fig.) Aramaic equivalent: esh (אֶשָּׁא "fire" H0785)
Usage: Occurs in 348 OT verses. KJV: burning, fiery, fire, flaming, hot. See also: Genesis 15:17; Joshua 7:15; Psalms 11:6.
וְ/אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
Conj | DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
הַֽ/כְּנַעֲנִ֛י
Kᵉnaʻanîy
H3669
"Canaanitess"
Art | Ngmsa
A Canaanitess was a woman from the land of Canaan, known for being merchants and traders. The term is used in the Bible to describe a woman who was a mother of one of the tribe of Benjamin, as seen in Genesis and other books.
Definition: Describing a woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.46.10; mother of: Shaul (H7586H) § a merchant, trader
Usage: Occurs in 71 OT verses. KJV: Canaanite, merchant, trafficker. See also: Genesis 10:18; Joshua 11:3; Proverbs 31:24.
הַ/יֹּשֵׁ֥ב
yâshab
H3427
"to dwell"
Art | V-Qal
This verb means to sit or dwell, and can also mean to remain or abide. It's used in the Bible to describe people living in a place or staying with someone, like in the book of Genesis.
Definition: 1) to dwell, remain, sit, abide 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to sit, sit down 1a2) to be set 1a3) to remain, stay 1a4) to dwell, have one's abode 1b) (Niphal) to be inhabited 1c) (Piel) to set, place 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to sit 1d2) to cause to abide, set 1d3) to cause to dwell 1d4) to cause (cities) to be inhabited 1d5) to marry (give an dwelling to) 1e) (Hophal) 1e1) to be inhabited 1e2) to make to dwell Aramaic equivalent: ye.tiv (יְתִב "to dwell" H3488)
Usage: Occurs in 977 OT verses. KJV: (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry. See also: Genesis 4:16; Leviticus 25:18; Joshua 13:6.
בָּ/עִ֖יר
ʻîyr
H5892
"excitement"
Prep | N-fs
In the Bible, this word refers to a city or town, often a place with a wall or a watchman. It is used to describe a settlement or encampment, like the city of Ai, which is mentioned in the book of Joshua. The word is used to identify specific locations in the Bible.
Definition: 1) excitement, anguish 1a) of terror
Usage: Occurs in 936 OT verses. KJV: Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town. See also: Genesis 4:17; Deuteronomy 3:6; Joshua 14:12.
הָרָ֑ג
hârag
H2026
"to kill"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To kill or slay with intent, as seen in the Bible when God instructs the Israelites to destroy certain nations. This word is used in various forms, including to murder or destroy. It appears in books like Exodus and Deuteronomy.
Definition: 1) to kill, slay, murder, destroy, murderer, slayer, out of hand 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to kill, slay 1a2) to destroy, ruin 1b) (Niphal) to be killed 1c) (Pual) to be killed, be slain
Usage: Occurs in 158 OT verses. KJV: destroy, out of hand, kill, murder(-er), put to (death), make (slaughter), slay(-er), [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 4:8; 2 Kings 8:12; Psalms 10:8.
וַֽ/יִּתְּנָ/הּ֙
nâthan
H5414
"to give"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
This word means to give, put, or set something, with a wide range of applications. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, describing God's actions and human interactions. The word is used to convey giving, selling, or exchanging something.
Definition: : give/deliver/send/produce 1) to give, put, set 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend 1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate 1a3) to make, constitute 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned 1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up 1c2) to be put upon
Usage: Occurs in 1816 OT verses. KJV: add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] without fail, fasten, frame, [idiom] get, give (forth, over, up), grant, hang (up), [idiom] have, [idiom] indeed, lay (unto charge, up), (give) leave, lend, let (out), [phrase] lie, lift up, make, [phrase] O that, occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, [idiom] pull, put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send (out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), [phrase] sing, [phrase] slander, strike, (sub-) mit, suffer, [idiom] surely, [idiom] take, thrust, trade, turn, utter, [phrase] weep, [phrase] willingly, [phrase] withdraw, [phrase] would (to) God, yield. See also: Genesis 1:17; Genesis 40:21; Exodus 30:12.
שִׁלֻּחִ֔ים
shillûwach
H7964
"parting gift"
N-mp
This word refers to a parting gift, often given when someone is sent away, such as a wife receiving a divorce or a daughter receiving a dowry when she gets married. It is also associated with the idea of dismissal or separation.
Definition: 1) sending away, parting gift 1a) sending away 1b) parting gift
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: presents, have sent back. See also: Exodus 18:2; 1 Kings 9:16; Micah 1:14.
לְ/בִתּ֖/וֹ
bath
H1323
"Bath (Shua)"
Prep | N-fs | Suff
The Hebrew word for daughter is used to describe a female child or a woman, and can also be used figuratively. In the Bible, it is used to describe women like Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah and later of King David.
Definition: A woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.38.2; daughter of: Shua (H7770); married to Judah (H3063); mother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956) the wife of Uriah whom David had murdered, having had adulterous relations with her; subsequently wife of David and mother of Solomon, Shimea, Shobab, and Nathan (alternate spelling to 'Bathsheba')
Usage: Occurs in 498 OT verses. KJV: apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter, [idiom] first, [idiom] old, [phrase] owl, town, village. See also: Genesis 5:4; Exodus 2:21; Ruth 1:13.
אֵ֥שֶׁת
ʼishshâh
H802
"woman"
N-fs
The Hebrew word for woman, used to describe a female person, wife, or animal, appears in many biblical passages, including Genesis and Exodus, and is often translated as woman, wife, or female.
Definition: : woman 1) woman, wife, female 1a) woman (opposite of man) 1b) wife (woman married to a man) 1c) female (of animals) 1d) each, every (pronoun)
Usage: Occurs in 686 OT verses. KJV: (adulter) ess, each, every, female, [idiom] many, [phrase] none, one, [phrase] together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English. See also: Genesis 2:22; Genesis 34:4; Numbers 5:12.
שְׁלֹמֹֽה
Shᵉlômôh
H8010
"Solomon"
N-proper
Shelomoh, or Solomon, was a king of Judah and successor of his father David, first mentioned in 2 Samuel 5:14 and known for his wisdom.
Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.5.14; son of: David (H1732) and Bathsheba (H1339); brother of: Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727) and Nathan (H5416); half-brother of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N); married to daughter_of_Pharaoh (H6547P) and Naamah (H5279A); father of: Taphath (H2955), Basemath (H1315) and Rehoboam (H7346); also called Jedidiah at 2Sa.12.25; § Solomon = "peace" son of David by Bathsheba and 3rd king of Israel; author of Proverbs and Song of Songs
Usage: Occurs in 263 OT verses. KJV: Solomon. See also: 2 Samuel 5:14; 1 Kings 9:25; 2 Chronicles 7:8.
Study Notes — 1 Kings 9:16
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 1 Kings 9:16 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 1 Kings 9:16
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Kings 9:16
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
- Trapp's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
- Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
- Cambridge Bible on 1 Kings 9:16
- Whedon's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
- Sermons on 1 Kings 9:16
Context — Solomon’s Additional Achievements
14And Hiram had sent the king 120 talents of gold.
15This is the account of the forced labor that King Solomon imposed to build the house of the LORD, his own palace, the supporting terraces, and the wall of Jerusalem, as well as Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer.
16Pharaoh king of Egypt had attacked and captured Gezer. He had set it on fire, killed the Canaanites who lived in the city, and given it as a dowry to his daughter, Solomon’s wife.
17So Solomon rebuilt Gezer, Lower Beth-horon, 18Baalath, and Tamar in the Wilderness of Judah,Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Kings 3:1 | Later, Solomon formed an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt by marrying his daughter. Solomon brought her to the City of David until he had finished building his palace and the house of the LORD, as well as the wall around Jerusalem. |
| 2 | 1 Kings 9:24 | As soon as Pharaoh’s daughter had come up from the City of David to the palace that Solomon had built for her, he built the supporting terraces. |
| 3 | 1 Kings 7:8 | And the palace where Solomon would live, set further back, was of similar construction. He also made a palace like this hall for Pharaoh’s daughter, whom he had married. |
| 4 | Joshua 16:10 | But they did not drive out the Canaanites who lived in Gezer. So the Canaanites dwell among the Ephraimites to this day, but they are forced laborers. |
1 Kings 9:16 Summary
[This verse tells us that Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, attacked and captured the city of Gezer, and then gave it to his daughter as a gift when she married King Solomon. This shows that Pharaoh was a powerful king who wanted to make a strong alliance with Solomon, as seen in 1 Kings 3:1. It also reminds us that, in ancient times, cities and kingdoms were often fought over and conquered, as mentioned in Joshua 10:28-40. As believers, we can learn from this verse about the importance of seeking God's wisdom and guidance in our relationships and alliances, as encouraged in Proverbs 3:5-6.]
Frequently Asked Questions
Why did Pharaoh king of Egypt give Gezer to his daughter as a dowry?
Pharaoh gave Gezer to his daughter as a dowry as a symbol of his wealth and power, and to strengthen his alliance with King Solomon, as seen in other biblical accounts of royal marriages, such as the one between Solomon and the daughter of Pharaoh in 1 Kings 3:1.
What happened to the Canaanites who lived in Gezer?
According to 1 Kings 9:16, Pharaoh killed the Canaanites who lived in Gezer, which was a common practice in ancient times when a city was conquered, as also seen in Deuteronomy 7:1-2 and Joshua 10:28-40.
How does this verse relate to the rest of 1 Kings 9?
This verse provides background information on why Solomon had to rebuild Gezer, which is mentioned in 1 Kings 9:17, and highlights the geopolitical context of Solomon's reign, including his relationships with other nations, such as Egypt, as mentioned in 1 Kings 3:1 and 10:28-29.
What can we learn about Solomon's marriage from this verse?
This verse suggests that Solomon's marriage to Pharaoh's daughter was a strategic alliance, and that Solomon was willing to form alliances with other nations, even if it meant compromising some of his values, as warned against in Deuteronomy 7:3-4 and Ezra 9:1-2.
Reflection Questions
- What does this verse reveal about the nature of royal alliances in ancient times, and how does it relate to our own relationships and alliances today?
- How does the destruction of Gezer and the killing of its inhabitants reflect the harsh realities of war and conquest in the ancient world, and what can we learn from this about God's heart for justice and compassion?
- What does this verse suggest about the character of Pharaoh and his relationship with Solomon, and what can we learn from their example about the importance of wisdom and discernment in our own relationships?
- How does this verse fit into the larger narrative of 1 Kings, and what does it reveal about the themes of power, wealth, and alliance in the story of Solomon's reign?
Gill's Exposition on 1 Kings 9:16
For Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire,.... Egypt lay lower than Canaan, and therefore Pharaoh is said to go up to it; what moved him to it is not certain;
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Kings 9:16
For Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire, and slain the Canaanites that dwelt in the city, and given it for a present unto his daughter, Solomon's wife. No JFB commentary on this verse.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
Not now, but long before this time, and presently after the marriage of his daughter, as is most probable; and it is here mentioned only as the occasion of Solomon’ s building it. Possibly the Canaanites of this place had been guilty of some heinous crime; and because Solomon thought not fit to destroy them himself, he desired Pharaoh to do it for him, or Pharaoh might offer his service herein for his daughter’ s advantage.
Trapp's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
1 Kings 9:16 [For] Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up, and taken Gezer, and burnt it with fire, and slain the Canaanites that dwelt in the city, and given it [for] a present unto his daughter, Solomon’ s wife.Ver. 16. For Pharaoh king of Egypt, &c.] At the request, likely, of his son-in-law Solomon, who was busied in his buildings.
Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
(16) A present—that is, of course, a dowry, on her marriage with Solomon.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
Verse 16. Pharaoh - had gone up, and taken Gezer] This city Joshua had taken from the Canaanites, Joshua 10:33; Joshua 12:12, and it was divided by lot to the tribe of Ephraim, and was intended to be one of the Levitical cities; but it appears that the Canaanites had retaken it, and kept possession till the days of Solomon, when his father-in-law, Pharaoh king of Egypt, retook it, and gave it to Solomon in dowry with his daughter.
Cambridge Bible on 1 Kings 9:16
16. For Pharaoh king of Egypt] See above on 1 Kings 3:1. and taken Gezer] This incursion was probably before Solomon had taken the king’s daughter to wife, though Josephus (Ant. viii. 6, i) says ‘he gave it to his daughter who had been married to Solomon.’ Philippson (die Israelitische Bibel) suggests that Solomon wishing to be rid of these Canaanites asked his father-in-law to undertake their extermination. and given it for a present] By ‘present’ here is meant ‘a wedding-portion.’ The noun implies ‘a gift on sending away’ and the verb is found Joshua 12:9, where Ibzan the judge is said to have ‘sent abroad’ (i.e. apparently, portioned out in marriage) his thirty daughters and to have taken in thirty others from abroad as wives for his sons. Though it appears to have been the more usual custom in the East for a husband to make presents to his wife’s family, yet we find that Caleb (Judges 1:15) gave lands with his daughter when she was married to Othniel.
Whedon's Commentary on 1 Kings 9:16
16. Pharaoh… had… taken Gezer — The date and circumstances of this conquest are wrapped in perfect mystery. Canaanites that dwelt in the city — These had not been expelled in Joshua’s time. Joshua 16:10.
Sermons on 1 Kings 9:16
| Sermon | Description | |
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Solomon's Dream by Paul Cook | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of knowing how to use money and the futility of long life without God's help and wisdom. He challenges the audience to conside |