This verse lists the descendants of Shem, one of Noah's sons, through the line of Eber. It serves as a genealogical record tracing the lineage of various nations and peoples, highlighting the historical significance of these individuals. By documenting these family lines, the verse emphasizes the continuity of God's plan throughout generations and the fulfillment of His promises. It also underscores the importance of ancestry and heritage in the context of biblical history and the establishment of God's chosen people.