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Zechariah 8:5 — Word Study

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WLCוּרְחֹב֤וֹת הָעִיר֙ יִמָּ֣לְא֔וּ יְלָדִ֖ים וִֽילָד֑וֹת מְשַׂחֲקִ֖ים בִּרְחֹֽבֹתֶֽיהָ׃ ס

BSAAnd the streetsrᵉchôb [broad places, public areas] of the cityʻîyr [town, settlement] will be filledmâlêʼ [made full, completed] with boysyeled [youth, children] and girlsyaldâh [maidens, young women] playingsâchaq [laughing, rejoicing] thererᵉchôb [in its streets, openly]

Word
Listen & take awayZechariah 8
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 5 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (bir.Cho.o.Tei.ha) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Zechariah 8:5quick helps
In a sentenceZechariah describes a joyful scene in the city, where children play freely in the streets.
Who is speakingThe LORD of Hosts, conveying a message of hope and restoration.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prophecy about the future flourishing of Jerusalem.
The hard wordוּרְחֹבוֹת
Take awayThe city will be vibrant and alive with the laughter of children.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbמָלֵא The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Zechariah 8:5

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — A Prophecy of Restorationgenerated

4This is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Old men and old women will again sit along the streets of Jerusalem, each with a staff in hand because of great age.
5And the streets of the city will be filled with boys and girls playing there.”
6This is what the LORD of Hosts says: “If this is impossible in the eyes of the remnant of this people in these days, should it also be impossible in My eyes?” declares the LORD of Hosts.
7This is what the LORD of Hosts says: “I will save My people from the land of the east and from the land of the west.

Zechariah 8:5 envisions a future where the streets of the city are filled with children playing, symbolizing peace and joy in a restored Jerusalem. This imagery follows a description of older generations finding comfort in the same streets, highlighting a community thriving across all ages. The prophecy reflects God's promise to bring about a time of safety and happiness for His people, contrasting with their previous experiences of desolation.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Zechariah 2:4and said to him, “Run and tell that young man: ‘Jerusalem will be a city without walls because of the multitude of men and livestock within it.
2Psalm 128:3–4Your wife will be like a fruitful vine flourishing within your house, your sons like olive shoots sitting around your table.
3Psalm 144:12–15Then our sons will be like plants nurtured in their youth, our daughters like corner pillars carved to adorn a palace.
4Jeremiah 30:19–20Thanksgiving will proceed from them, a sound of celebration. I will multiply them, and they will not be decreased; I will honor them, and they will not be belittled.
5Jeremiah 31:27“The days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when I will sow the house of Israel and the house of Judah with the seed of man and of beast.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word וּרְחֹבוֹת, u.re.cho.Votgenerated

The word וּרְחֹבוֹת (u.re.cho.Vot) refers to broad open places or plazas, often translated as streets. It is derived from a root meaning width, indicating public areas where people gather. The parsing as a feminine plural construct suggests a focus on multiple spaces within the city, emphasizing the communal aspect of these areas.

In this verse, the streets are not just physical locations but symbolize a vibrant community life where children can play freely. The use of this term connects to urban settings, highlighting the importance of open spaces for social interaction and joy.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb יִמָּ֣לְא֔וּ (yi.Mal.'U), they will be filled, governs the sentence, with two noun phrases as subjects: יְלָדִ֖ים (boys) and וִֽילָד֑וֹת (and girls). The structure emphasizes the action of filling the streets with children playing.

The sentence flows from the subject to the action, highlighting the lively scene in the city. The use of participles like מְשַׂחֲקִ֖ים (playing) adds to the dynamic imagery of children engaging in joyful activities.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates וּרְחֹבוֹת as πόλεως (city), which emphasizes the urban context of the prophecy. This choice reflects a focus on the community aspect of the city rather than just the physical space.

For יִמָּ֣לְא֔וּ, the LXX uses πλησθήσονται (they will be filled), aligning closely with the Hebrew meaning of abundance and completion, reinforcing the idea of a thriving environment.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Zechariah 8:5 describes a future where the streets of the city are filled with boys and girls playing. This image represents joy and community life, showing that the city will be a safe and happy place for children. The prophecy promises a time of restoration and peace for Jerusalem.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the streets will be filled with children?

It signifies a time of joy, safety, and community, where children can play freely, reflecting a restored and vibrant society.

How does this verse relate to the overall message of Zechariah?

This verse is part of a larger prophecy about God's restoration of His people, emphasizing hope and a return to a peaceful life in Jerusalem.

Why are both boys and girls mentioned?

Including both boys and girls highlights the idea of a complete and inclusive community, where all children can enjoy their childhood.

What is the significance of children playing in the streets?

Children playing in the streets symbolizes safety, joy, and the flourishing of community life, indicating a time of peace and stability.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What does the image of children playing in the streets mean to you in the context of community life?
  2. How can we foster a sense of safety and joy in our own communities today?
  3. In what ways do you see God's promises of restoration reflected in your life or community?
  4. What role do children play in shaping the future of our communities?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Jerome references this verse in his writing to illustrate the joy and purity associated with youth, emphasizing the fulfillment of Zechariah's prophecy in a literal sense.

JeromeAgainst Jovinianus 1.30 c. 347–420
This is that wine with which, when youths and maidens are intoxicated, they at once thirst for virginity. They are filled with the spirit of chastity, and the prophecy of Zechariah comes to pass, at least if we follow the Hebrew literally,
Early Church Fathers on Zechariah 8 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Zechariah 8:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls,.... Denoting a large increase of inhabitants, in a literal sense; and may spiritually signify the large numbers of converts, of new born

Read John Gill on Zechariah 8 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets thereof.

Read Robert Jamieson on Zechariah 8 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The streets; every street. Shall be full of boys and girls; have many young ones healthful, strong, brisk, and lively, the present joy and future hope of all; so will I fulfil the promise of multiplying your children. Playing in the streets: Jerusalem shall be in that peace, health, and plenty, that parents shall neither fear danger to their children abroad, nor need their labour at home. So shall that Psalms 128 be fulfilled to them.

Read Matthew Poole on Zechariah 8 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Zechariah 8:5 And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets thereof.Ver. 5. And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls] Lads and lasses (as the Hebrew seems to sound), that mind little else but play as if, with leviathan, they had been made to sport, or as those people of Tombutum, in Africa, who are said to spend their whole time in singing and dancing. But this they could not do if the times were troublesome, and the soldier at his bloody play, according to that of Abner, 2 Samuel 2:14 "Let the young men now arise and play before us," that is, thrust their swords in their fellows’ sides, 2 Samuel 2:16.

Read John Trapp on Zechariah 8 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(4-5) This promise may well be regarded as having been fulfilled to the letter in the days of Simon the Maccabee (1Ma 14:4-15), when “the ancient men sat in all the streets . . . and the young men put on glorious and warlike apparel,” and “every man sat under his vine and his fig-tree, and there was none to fray them.”

Read Charles John Ellicott on Zechariah 8 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 5. The streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls] The progeny shall be numerous, healthy, and happy. Their innocent gambols and useful exercises shall be a means of health, and a proof of happiness. To be healthy, children must have exercise. But they cannot take exercise, except in the way of play and diversion: ergo, such playfulness cannot be sinful. Let them be kept from evil words, lying, swearing, and scurrility; and all the rest may be innocent.

Read AdamClarke on Zechariah 8 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

4, 5. We read, as a fulfilment of this prophecy, that in the days of Simon, in the times of the Maccabees, “the ancient men sat all in the streets, communing together of good things” (1Ma 14:9); while our Lord alludes to the games of children in the market-place, as a familiar incident in His own days. Matthew 11:16-17.

Read Cambridge on Zechariah 8 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

4, 5. During the early postexilic period the inhabitants of Jerusalem were few in number (Nehemiah 11:1 ff.); in the new era this will change, for Jerusalem will again swarm with inhabitants (compare Zechariah 2:1 ff.).

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Zechariah 8 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

And the streets of the city will be filled with boys and girls playing there.”

WEBWorld English Bible2000

The streets of the city will be full of boys and girls playing in its streets.”

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

And the streets of the city will be filled with boys and girls playing there.”

NETBNew English Translation2006

And the streets of the city will be full of boys and girls playing.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets thereof.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets thereof.

RVARevised Version, American1894

And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets thereof.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in its streets.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

And the streetes of the citie shalbe full of boyes and girles, playing in the streetes thereof.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets thereof.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And broad places of the city are full of boys and girls, Playing in its broad places.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And broad places of the city are full of boys and girls, || Playing in its broad places.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in her streets.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

The streets of the city will be full of boys and girls playing in them.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls, playing in the streets thereof.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The streets will be full of boys and girls playing happily.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And the open spaces of the town will be full of boys and girls playing in its open spaces.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וּandclausenoun phrase · subjectרְחֹב֤וֹתthe.open.placesnoun phraseהָofעִיר֙the.cityverbיִמָּ֣לְא֔וּthey.will.be.fillednoun phrase · adverbialnoun phraseיְלָדִ֖יםboysוִֽandילָד֑וֹתgirlsadjective phraseclauseverbמְשַׂחֲקִ֖יםplayingprepositional phrase · prepositionalבִּinnoun phraseרְחֹֽבֹתֶֽיits.openהָplaces

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in wording, with all seven words matched. This consistency between the two texts indicates a shared understanding of the imagery of children playing in the streets, highlighting the joy and restoration promised in the prophecy.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וּרְחֹב֤וֹת הָעִיר֙ יִמָּ֣לְא֔וּ יְלָדִ֖ים וִֽילָד֑וֹת מְשַׂחֲקִ֖ים בִּרְחֹֽבֹתֶֽיהָ׃ ס

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וּרְחֹב֤וֹתκαὶהָעִיר֙πόλεωςיִמָּ֣לְא֔וּπλησθήσονταιיְלָדִ֖יםπαιδαρίωνוִֽילָד֑וֹתκορασίωνמְשַׂחֲקִ֖יםπαιζόντωνבִּרְחֹֽבֹתֶֽיהָ׃ סταῖς

7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Zechariah 8:5רְחוֹבand [the] oand [the] open רְחוֹבעִירthe citythe cityעִירמָלֵאthey will bthey will be fiמָלֵאיֶ֫לֶדboysboysיֶ֫לֶדיַלְדָּהand girlsand girlsיַלְדָּהשָׂחַקplayingplayingשָׂחַקרְחוֹבin open plain open places רְחוֹברָחַבto enlargeto enlargeרָחַבעוּרto rouseto rouseעוּריָלַדto begetto begetיָלַדיֶ֫לֶדyouthyouthיֶ֫לֶדבָּחוּרyouthyouthבָּחוּרחוּץoutsideoutsideחוּץמִגְרָשׁpasturepastureמִגְרָשׁלָכַדto captureto captureלָכַדחָמָסviolenceviolenceחָמָסעָנָןcloudcloudעָנָןלֵאָהLeahLeahלֵאָהגָּדַלto magnifyto magnifyגָּדַללָעַגto mockto mockלָעַגשַׁעֲשֻׁעִיםdelightdelightשַׁעֲשֻׁעִים
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Zechariah 8:5

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and [the] open places of the city they will be filled boys and girls playing in open places its
וּרְחֹב֤וֹתu.re.cho.Vot and [the] open places of H7339 Conjunction · noun common feminine plural construct
43× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A street or plaza, referring to a public area or open space, like a marketplace or a thoroughfare. This word is used to describe urban settings and community gathering places, often in stories about city life and trade. It appears in books like Nehemiah and Jeremiah.
Amplified meaning
broad places, public areas
Tyndale gloss
street/plaza
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רְחוֹב (re.chov) refers to a broad open place or plaza, often translated as street. It is derived from the root meaning width and encompasses areas like avenues or public spaces. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to open areas, with no significant disagreement noted among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רְחוֹב n.f. broad open place, plaza

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7339 רְחוֹב broad open place, plaza

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7339 rchob rekh-obe'

or rchowb {rekh-obe'}; from 7337; a width, i.e. (concretely)

avenue or area:--broad place (way), street. See also 1050.

see HEBREW for 07337

see HEBREW for 01050

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רְחוֹב (re.chov) — street/plaza.

broad or open place or plaza

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-fp — Conjunction · noun common feminine plural construct
HC/Ncfpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and [the] open places of the city they will be filled boys and girls playing in open places its
הָעִיר֙ha.'Ir the city H5892 Particle · noun common feminine singular absolute
1,090× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word refers to a city or town, often a place with a wall or a watchman. It is used to describe a settlement or encampment, like the city of Ai, which is mentioned in the book of Joshua. The word is used to identify specific locations in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
town, settlement
Tyndale gloss
excitement
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עִיר (*'iyr*) has meanings related to both excitement and city. It can denote excitement, particularly of terror or rage, as well as refer to a city or town, indicating a place that is guarded or inhabited. The entries suggest a broad application, from fortified cities to simple encampments. There is a specific mention of a man named Ir in 1 Chronicles 4:12.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עִיר n.[m.] excitement;—of terror; of rage

base

עִיר 1092 n.f. city, town

city, town, abode of men

of fortress in a city

appar. fortified place, of any size

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5892a עִיר excitement;—of terror; of rage H5892b עִיר city, town . city, town, abode of men

. of fortress in a city

. appar. fortified place, of any size

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5892 `iyr eer

or (in the plural) par {awr}; or ayar (Judges 10:4)

{aw-yar'}; from 5782 a city (a place guarded by waking or a

watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or

post):--Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.

see HEBREW for 05782

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עִיר (ir) — excitement.

1) excitement, anguish

1a) of terror

עִיר (ir) — city.

1) city, town (a place of waking, guarded)

1a) city, town (a place of waking, guarded)

1a) city, town

עִיר (ir) — City (of On).

Combined with on (אֹן "On" H0204)

This name means city, town

Another name of on (אֹן "On" H0204)

עִיר (ir) — Ir-.

#A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.12;

son of: Tehinnah (H8468)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-fs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absolute
HTd/Ncfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

sit'-i (`ir, qiryah; polis):

I. THE CANAANITE CITY

1. Origin

2. Extent

3. Villages

4. Sites

5. External Appearance

6. General

II. THE CITY OF THE JEWISH OCCUPATION

1. Tower or Stronghold

2. High Place

3. Broad Place

4. Streets

5. General Characteristics

III. STORE CITIES

IV. LEVITICAL CITIES

LITERATURE

I. The Canaanite City.

1. Origin:

The development of the Canaanite city has been traced by Macalister in his report on the excavation at Gezer (Palestine Exploration Fund Statement, 1904, 108 ff). It originated on the slopes of a bare rocky spur, in which the Neolithic Troglodytes quarried their habitations out of the solid rock, the stones therefrom being used to form a casing to the earthen ramparts, with which the site was afterwards surrounded and which served as a protection against the intrusion of enemies. Later Semitic intruders occupied the site, stone houses were built, and high stone defense…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

City

The earliest mention of city-building is that of Enoch, which was built by Cain (Gen. 4:17). After the confusion of tongues, the descendants of Nimrod founded several cities (10:10-12). Next, we have a record of the cities of the Canaanites, Sidon, Gaza, Sodom, etc. (10:12, 19; 11:3, 9; 36:31-39). The earliest description of a city is that of Sodom (19:1-22). Damascus is said to be the oldest existing city in the world. Before the time of Abraham there were cities in Egypt (Num. 13:22). The Israelites in Egypt were employed in building the “treasure cities” of Pithom and Raamses (Ex. 1:11); but it does not seem that they had any cities of their own in Goshen (Gen.…

and [the] open places of the city they will be filled boys and girls playing in open places its
יִמָּ֣לְא֔וּyi.Mal.'U they will be filled H4390 Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine plural
249× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To fill means to make something full or complete, like filling a container or fulfilling a promise. This word is used in many contexts, including being full of joy or having a job completed.
Amplified meaning
made full, completed
Tyndale gloss
to fill
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מָלֵא (male') means 'to fill' or 'be full,' with applications ranging from literal filling to figurative uses like accomplishing or completing something. It appears in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances such as being satisfied or confirming. Notably, it can also refer to massing against someone.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מָלֵא 249 vb. be full, fill

Qal 99

be full, usu. c. acc. material

trans. fill

Niph.

be filled

be accomplished, ended

Pi.

fill

special uses are:

fulfil, accomplish, complete, obj. week, year, day

Pu. filled

Hithp. mass themselves against me

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4390 מָלֵא be full, fill .. be full, usu. c. acc. material

. trans. fill

. . be filled

. be accomplished, ended

. . fill

. special uses are:

. fulfil, accomplish, complete, obj. week, year, day

. filled

. mass themselves against me

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4390 male' maw-lay'

or malae (Esth. 7:5) {maw-law'}; a primitive root, to fill or

(intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally

and figuratively):--accomplish, confirm, + consecrate, be at

an end, be expired, be fenced, fill, fulfil, (be, become, X

draw, give in, go) full(-ly, -ly set, tale), (over-)flow,

fulness, furnish, gather (selves, together), presume,

replenish, satisfy, set, space, take a (hand-)full, + have

wholly.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מָלֵא (ma.le) — to fill.

1) to fill, be full

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be full

1a1a) fulness, abundance (participle)

1a1b) to be full, be accomplished, be ended

1a2) to consecrate, fill the hand

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be filled, be armed, be satisfied

1b2) to be accomplished, be ended

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to fill

1c2) to satisfy

1c3) to fulfil, accomplish, complete

1c4) to confirm

1d) (Pual) to be filled

1e) (Hithpael) to mass themselves against

Aramaic equivalent: me.la (מְלָא "to fill" H4391)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Niphal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine plural
HVNi3mp
and [the] open places of the city they will be filled boys and girls playing in open places its
יְלָדִ֖יםye.la.Dim boys H3206 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
89× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to a young person, like a child or teenager, such as the youth who helped David in 1 Samuel 20:1. It can also mean offspring or descendants, like the children of Israel in Exodus 12:37.
Amplified meaning
youth, children
Tyndale gloss
youth
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יֶ֫לֶד (yeled) refers to a child, son, or youth, encompassing meanings like offspring and young man. It can also figuratively denote apostate Israelites. The word is derived from a root meaning something born, indicating its connection to birth and lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יֶ֫לֶד 89 n.m. child, son, boy, youth

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3206 יֶ֫לֶד child, son, boy, youth

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3206 yeled yeh'-led

from 3205; something born, i.e. a lad or offspring:--boy,

child, fruit, son, young man (one).

see HEBREW for 03205

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יֶ֫לֶד (ye.led) — youth.

1) child, son, boy, offspring, youth

1a) child, son, boy

1b) child, children

1c) descendants

1d) youth

1e) apostate Israelites (fig.)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
and [the] open places of the city they will be filled boys and girls playing in open places its
וִֽילָד֑וֹתvi.la.Dot and girls H3207 Conjunction · noun common feminine plural absolute
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word means a young, unmarried woman, like a teenage girl, such as the maidens who danced in Psalm 68:25. It can also be translated as damsel or girl.
Amplified meaning
maidens, young women
Tyndale gloss
maiden
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יַלְדָּה (yaldah) refers to a girl or damsel, often implying a young, marriageable female. It is a feminine form of the related word יָלַד (yalad). The entries consistently emphasize its meaning as a young woman or maiden.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יַלְדָּה n.f. girl, damsel

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3207 יַלְדָּה girl, damsel

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3207 yaldah yal-daw'

feminine of 3206; a lass:--damsel, girl.

see HEBREW for 03206

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יַלְדָּה (yal.dah) — maiden.

girl, damsel, marriageable girl

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-fp — Conjunction · noun common feminine plural absolute
HC/Ncfpa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and [the] open places of the city they will be filled boys and girls playing in open places its
מְשַׂחֲקִ֖יםme.sa.cha.Kim playing H7832 Verb · Piel · participle (active) masculine plural
36× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to laugh, often in contempt or derision, as seen in Genesis 21:9 when Ishmael mocks Isaac. It can also mean to play or make sport, like in Psalm 104:26 where God plays with the whale. In the Bible, it appears over 50 times, including in the book of Job.
Amplified meaning
laughing, rejoicing
Tyndale gloss
to laugh
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׂחַק (sachaq) is a Hebrew verb meaning to laugh, with connotations of playfulness and mockery. It can express laughter in pleasure or derision, as well as the act of playing or making sport. The entries indicate various forms, such as Qal for general laughter, Piel for making sport, and Hiphil for mockery.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׂחַק vb. laugh

Qal 

laugh at

appar. of friendly laugh

sport, play

Pi.

make sport

jest

play

Hiph. (declar.) they uttered mockery

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7832 שָׂחַק laugh

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7832 sachaq saw-khak'

a primitive root; to laugh (in pleasure or detraction); by

implication, to play:--deride, have in derision, laugh, make

merry, mock(-er), play, rejoice, (laugh to) scorn, be in

(make) sport.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׂחַק (sa.chaq) — to laugh.

1) to laugh, play, mock

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to laugh (usually in contempt or derision)

1a2) to sport, play

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to make sport

1b2) to jest

1b3) to play (including instrumental music, singing, dancing)

1c) (Hiphil) to laugh mockingly

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Piel — Verb · Piel · participle (active) masculine plural
HVprmpa
and [the] open places of the city they will be filled boys and girls playing in open places its
בִּרְחֹֽבֹתֶֽיהָ׃ סbir.Cho.o.Tei.ha in open places its H7339 Preposition · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
43× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A street or plaza, referring to a public area or open space, like a marketplace or a thoroughfare. This word is used to describe urban settings and community gathering places, often in stories about city life and trade. It appears in books like Nehemiah and Jeremiah.
Amplified meaning
in its streets, openly
Tyndale gloss
street/plaza
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רְחוֹב (re.chov) refers to a broad open place or plaza, often translated as street. It is derived from the root meaning width and encompasses areas like avenues or public spaces. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to open areas, with no significant disagreement noted among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רְחוֹב n.f. broad open place, plaza

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7339 רְחוֹב broad open place, plaza

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7339 rchob rekh-obe'

or rchowb {rekh-obe'}; from 7337; a width, i.e. (concretely)

avenue or area:--broad place (way), street. See also 1050.

see HEBREW for 07337

see HEBREW for 01050

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רְחוֹב (re.chov) — street/plaza.

broad or open place or plaza

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-fp | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
HR/Ncfpc/Sp3fs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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