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Psalms 71:7 — Word Study

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WLCכְּ֭מוֹפֵת הָיִ֣יתִי לְרַבִּ֑ים וְ֝אַתָּ֗ה מַֽחֲסִי־ עֹֽז׃

BSAI have becomehâyâh [a wonder, a miracle, a sign] a portentmôwphêth [to all, a spectacle] to manyrab [people, individuals] but Youʼattâh [my mighty] are my strongʻôz [safe place, shelter, fortress] refugemachăçeh [my trust, my hope]

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 71
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 7 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('Oz) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 71:7quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalmist expresses that he has become a wonder to many, while affirming God as his strong refuge.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, reflecting on his experiences and relationship with God.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prayerful reflection on God's faithfulness and support throughout life.
The hard wordמוֹפֵת
Take awayThe psalmist acknowledges his role as a sign to others while relying on God for strength and safety.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectאַתָּה verbהָיָה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 71:7

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — A Prayer for Help in Old Agegenerated

6I have leaned on You since birth; You pulled me from my mother’s womb. My praise is always for You.
7I have become a portent to many, but You are my strong refuge.
8My mouth is filled with Your praise and with Your splendor all day long.
9Do not discard me in my old age; do not forsake me when my strength fails.

Psalm 71:7 reflects the psalmist's deep reliance on God, portraying himself as a wonder to many while recognizing God as his refuge. This psalm is a heartfelt plea for continued support in the face of life's challenges, emphasizing God's enduring presence from birth to old age. The surrounding verses highlight the psalmist's gratitude and trust in God's faithfulness, making this a powerful declaration of faith amidst adversity.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Isaiah 8:18Here am I, and the children the LORD has given me as signs and symbols in Israel from the LORD of Hosts, who dwells on Mount Zion.
2Zechariah 3:6Then the angel of the LORD gave this charge to Joshua:
3Luke 2:34Then Simeon blessed them and said to His mother Mary: “Behold, this Child is appointed to cause the rise and fall of many in Israel, and to be a sign that will be spoken against,
4Acts 4:13When they saw the boldness of Peter and John and realized that they were unschooled, ordinary men, they marveled and took note that these men had been with Jesus.
51 Corinthians 4:9For it seems to me that God has displayed us apostles at the end of the procession, like prisoners appointed for death. We have become a spectacle to the whole world, to angels as well as to men.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word מוֹפֵת, Ke.mo.fetgenerated

The word מוֹפֵת (mowpheth) conveys the idea of a wonder or miracle, often associated with a display of God's power. It is derived from a root meaning to be conspicuous, suggesting a remarkable sign or token of divine intervention. In this context, it emphasizes the psalmist's unusual status as a spectacle to many, highlighting how his life serves as a testament to God's might.

This word is used in various contexts to denote something extraordinary that signifies God's action. The psalmist's use of מוֹפֵת shows his awareness of how his experiences reflect God's power, making him a point of interest or a sign to those around him.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb הָיִ֣יתִי (ha.Yi.ti, I have become) governs the entire verse, with a prepositional phrase describing the subject's state and a contrasting clause that introduces God as the refuge. The structure emphasizes the psalmist's transformation into a wonder and the reliance on God.

The sentence is constructed with a main clause and additional phrases that elaborate on the subject's role and God's character. This arrangement highlights the contrast between the psalmist's experience and God's unwavering support.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates מוֹפֵת as τέρας (teras), which also means a wonder or miracle. This choice reinforces the idea of the psalmist's life as a remarkable sign of God's power, aligning with the original Hebrew sense of the term.

The use of τέρας in the Septuagint suggests a consistent understanding of the psalmist's role as a spectacle, emphasizing the miraculous nature of his existence as a testimony to God's strength.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalm 71:7 expresses that the psalmist has become a wonder to many people, while affirming that God is his strong refuge. This verse highlights the psalmist's reliance on God for strength and safety, portraying his life as a sign of divine intervention.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to be a portent to many?

Being a portent means that the psalmist's life serves as a remarkable sign or wonder to others, reflecting God's power and presence.

How does the psalmist describe God in this verse?

The psalmist describes God as his strong refuge, indicating a place of safety and trust amidst life's challenges.

Why is the concept of refuge important in this psalm?

The concept of refuge is crucial as it symbolizes safety and protection, emphasizing the psalmist's dependence on God for strength and support throughout life.

What can we learn from the psalmist's declaration?

We learn the importance of recognizing God's role as our refuge and the significance of our lives as testimonies to His power and faithfulness.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways have I seen God's power reflected in my life, as the psalmist describes?
  2. How can I rely on God as my refuge in times of trouble?
  3. What does it mean for my life to serve as a sign or wonder to others?
  4. How can I express my gratitude for God's support throughout my life?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early commentators, such as Augustine of Hippo, reflect on the significance of the psalmist's declaration, emphasizing the wonder of his life as a testimony to God's power.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 71 354–430
"As it were a monster I have become unto many" [Psalms 71:7]. Here in time of hope, in time of groaning, in time of humiliation, in time of sorrow, in time of infirmity,
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 71 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 71:7 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

I am as a wonder unto many,.... To the multitude, to the populace, or "to the great" (u) and mighty; and indeed to both: which respects not his wonderful preservation from the womb, he had before

Read John Gill on Psalms 71 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

For thou art my hope, O Lord GOD: thou art my trust from my youth. -The prayer in Psalms 71:4 is followed, first, by the basis on which it rests (Psalms 71:5-8); then by an expanded form of it (Psalms 71:9-13). Verse 5.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 71 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

A wonder, or prodigy; either, 1. Of mercy, for the wonderful protections and deliverances which God hath given me. Or rather, 2. Of judgment, for my many and sore calamities, as appears from the next words. They wondered both at the calamities themselves which befell me; which were great, and various, and strange; and that they should befall me, one who have made it the chief care and business of my life to please, and serve, and glorify God; and one whom God hath owned in so eminent a degree, and crowned with such a constant succession of blessings and deliverances from time to time. That such a man should be forsaken by so gracious a God; and persecuted even to death by his own son, whom…

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 71 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 71:7 I am as a wonder unto many; but thou [art] my strong refuge.Ver. 7. I am a wonder unto many] Or, unto the great ones, a monster to the mighty, quia credo quod non video, as Austin glosseth, because I believe what I yet see not, viz. that this storm shall blow over, and I be resettled in my throne.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 71 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(7) A wonder—i.e., not a miracle of preservation, but a monster. Though men point at him as something to be avoided or mocked, God is his refuge.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 71 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 7. I am as a wonder unto many] I am כמופת kemopheth, "as a portent," or "type:" I am a typical person; and many of the things that happen to me are to be considered in reference to him of whom I am a type. But he may mean I am a continual prodigy. My low estate, my slaying the lion and the bear, conquering the Philistine, escaping the fury of Saul, and being raised to the throne of Israel, are all so many wonders of thy providence, and effects of thy power and grace.

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 71 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

7. I am &c.] Or, I have been as a wonder. Many of those who saw my sufferings regarded me as a typical example of divine chastisement, but my faith has remained unshaken throughout. Cp. Isaiah 52:14; and Deuteronomy 28:46, where the punishment of Israel for its sins is spoken of as “a sign and a wonder.” In a somewhat different sense Ezekiel was a ‘wonder’ to his contemporaries (Ezekiel 12:6; Ezekiel 12:11; Ezekiel 24:24; Ezekiel 24:27). The explanation ‘I have been a sign and example of God’s protecting care’ is less natural. ‘Monster’ in P.B.V. is an archaism for ‘portent,’ or, ‘prodigy,’ from Lat. monstrum. my strong refuge] Cp. Psalms 71:1, and Jeremiah 17:17, R.V.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 71 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

I am as a wonder unto many - The word here rendered “wonder” - מופת môphêth - means properly a miracle, a prodigy; then things that are suited to excite wonder or admiration; then, a sign, a token. See the notes at Isaiah 8:18.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 71 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

I have become a portent to many, but You are my strong refuge.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

I am a marvel to many, but you are my strong refuge.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

I have become a portent to many, but You are my strong refuge.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Many are appalled when they see me, but you are my secure shelter.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

I am as a wonder unto many; but thou art my strong refuge.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

I am as a wonder unto many; But thou art my strong refuge.

RVARevised Version, American1894

I am as a wonder unto many; but thou art my strong refuge.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

I am as a wonder to many; but thou art my strong refuge.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

I am become as it were a monster vnto many: but thou art my sure trust.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

I have been as a wonder unto many; but thou art my strong refuge.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

As a wonder I have been to many, And Thou [art] my strong refuge.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

I have been as a wonder to many, || And You [are] my strong refuge.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

As a wonderful token have I been unto many; but thou art my strong refuge.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

I am an example to many people; you are my strong refuge.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

In his days shall justice spring up, and abundance of peace, till the moon be taken sway.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

My life has been like a miracle to many people, for you have been my powerful protector.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

I am a wonder to all; but you are my strong tower.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalכְּ֭likeמוֹפֵתa.portentverbהָיִ֣יתִיI.have.becomeprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְforרַבִּ֑יםmany.[people]וְ֝andclausesubjectאַתָּ֗הyounoun phrase · predicatenoun phraseמַֽחֲסִrefugeי[are].myעֹֽזof.strength

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text reads, "כְּ֭מוֹפֵת הָיִ֣יתִי לְרַבִּ֑ים וְ֝אַתָּ֗ה מַֽחֲסִי־ עֹֽז׃" The Septuagint aligns closely with the Masoretic Text, matching all six words, although the order and articles differ due to its translation style. The Dead Sea Scrolls (4Q83) also agree with the Masoretic Text, preserving the same wording: "כמופת הייתי לרבים ואתה מחס׳י עוז." This consistency among the witnesses indicates a strong textual tradition for this verse.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

כְּ֭מוֹפֵת הָיִ֣יתִי לְרַבִּ֑ים וְ֝אַתָּ֗ה מַֽחֲסִי־ עֹֽז׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
כְּ֭מוֹפֵתτέραςהָיִ֣יתִיἐγενήθηνלְרַבִּ֑יםπολλοῖςוְ֝אַתָּ֗הσὺמַֽחֲסִי־βοηθὸςעֹֽז׃κραταιός

6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q83a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

כמופת הייתי לרבים ואתה מחס׳י עוז

6 words on the leather.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 71:7מוֹפֵתlike a portlike a portentמוֹפֵתהָיָהI have becoI have becomeהָיָהרַבfor many [pfor many [peoplרַבאַתָּ֫הand youand youאַתָּ֫המַחְסֶּה[are] refug[are] refuge ofמַחְסֶּהעֹזstrengthstrengthעֹזיָפָהbe beautifbe beautifulיָפָהרָבַבto multiplto multiplyרָבַבחָסָהto seek reto seek refugeחָסָהעָזַזbe strongbe strongעָזַזהָוָאto fallto fallהָוָאאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתחָזָקstrongstrongחָזָקנְבוּזַרְאֲדָןNebuzaradaNebuzaradanנְבוּזַרְאֲדָןטַבָּחguardguardטַבָּחיָרַשׁto possessto possess: posיָרַשׁחֹ֫רֶבdroughtdroughtחֹ֫רֶבכָּזָבlielieכָּזָבמַחְסֶּהrefugerefugeמַחְסֶּהגָּאוֹןprideprideגָּאוֹן
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 71:7

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

like a portent I have become for many [people] and you [are] refuge of my strength
כְּ֭מוֹפֵתKe.mo.fet like a portent H4159 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
36× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means wonder or miracle, a special display of God's power. It describes a sign or token, like the miracles performed by prophets. The Bible uses it to convey a sense of awe.
Amplified meaning
to all, a spectacle
Tyndale gloss
wonder
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מוֹפֵת (mowpheth) refers to a wonder, sign, or portent, often associated with a display of God's power. It is derived from the concept of conspicuousness and can imply a miracle or token of a future event. The term captures the idea of something remarkable that signifies divine intervention.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מוֹפֵת n.m. wonder, sign, portent

wonder, as special display of God’s power

sign or token of future event

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4159 מוֹפֵת wonder, sign, portent

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4159 mowpheth mo-faith'

or mopheth {mo-faith'}; from 3302 in the sense of

conspicuousness; a miracle; by implication, a token or

omen:--miracle, sign, wonder(-ed at).

see HEBREW for 03302

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מוֹפֵת (mo.phet) — wonder.

1) wonder, sign, miracle, portent

1a) wonder (as a special display of God's power)

1b) sign, token (of future event)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
like a portent I have become for many [people] and you [are] refuge of my strength
הָיִ֣יתִיha.Yi.ti I have become H1961 Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
3,562× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Amplified meaning
a wonder, a miracle, a sign
Tyndale gloss
to be
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be

Qal

Fall out, happen

occur, take place, come about, come to pass

esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass

וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

Come into being, become

abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

sq. prep.

become

sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

sq. pred. adj.

become like

sq. pred. לְ pers.

sq. לְ pred.

oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.

with עַל and לְ

sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)

exist, be in existence

abide, remain, continue

with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie

as copula, joining subj. & pred.

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen

. occur, take place, come about, come to pass

. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

. sq. prep.

. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

. sq. pred. adj.

. become like

. sq. pred. + לְ pers.

. sq. לְ pred.

. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.

. with עַל and לְ

. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence

. abide, remain, continue

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1961 hayah haw-yaw

a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,

come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or

auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,

committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,

fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit

(one-)self, require, X use.

see HEBREW for 01933

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.

1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out

1a) (Qal)

1a1) ---

1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass

1a1b) to come about, come to pass

1a2) to come into being, become

1a2a) to arise, appear, come

1a2b) to become

1a2b1) to become

1a2b2) to become like

1a2b3) to be instituted, be established

1a3) to be

1a3a) to exist, be in existence

1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)

1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)

1a3d) to accompany, be with

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about

1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-1cs — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singular
HVqp1cs
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

be-kum':

(1) Greek ginomai, used in New Testament for a change of state, corresponding to Hebrew hayah of Old Testament. Compare Mt 18:3 with De 27:9.

(2) For what is fitting, suitable, proper, in New Testament: "prepei" (Mt 3:15; Eph 5:3; 1Ti 2:10); in Old Testament, na'awah, na'ah, Ps 93:5: "Holiness becometh thy house." in this sense, the adverb "becomingly" must be interpreted: "Walk becomingly toward them that are without" (1Th 4:12), i.e. in a way that is consistent with your profession.

like a portent I have become for many [people] and you [are] refuge of my strength
לְרַבִּ֑יםle.ra.Bim for many [people] H7227 Preposition
454× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means a chief or captain, someone in charge. It is used in 2 Samuel 23:19 to describe a great and powerful man. The idea is one of leadership and authority.
Amplified meaning
people, individuals
Tyndale gloss
many
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רַב (rav) means much, many, or great, often used in contrast to מְעַט (me'at). It can describe abundance in quantity or rank and is also used as a noun for chief or captain. The word conveys a range of meanings from numerous to exceedingly, and it can function as both an adjective and a noun.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רַב 429 adj. much, many, great

(oft. opp. מְעַט)

much: of substances

esp. of collectives, numerous

pl. many

רַב as subst. coll. pers.

cstr. = abounding in

מִן comp. = more numerous than

רַב = abundant, enough

as adv. much, exceedingly

less oft. great

base

רַב 49 n.m. chief

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7227a רַב much, many, great . (oft. opp. מְעַט) . . much: of substances

. esp. of collectives, numerous

. pl. many

. רַב as subst. coll. pers.

. cstr. = abounding in

. + מִן comp. = more numerous than

. רַב = abundant, enough

. as adv. much, exceedingly

. less oft. great

H7227b רַב chief

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7227 rab rab

by contracted from 7231; abundant (in quantity, size, age,

number, rank, quality):--(in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly),

captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man,

one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold,

things, a time), ((ship-))master, mighty, more, (too, very)

much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous,

populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent).

see HEBREW for 07231

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רַב (rav) — many.

adj

1) much, many, great

1a) much

1b) many

1c) abounding in

1d) more numerous than

1e) abundant, enough

1f) great

1g) strong

1h) greater than

adv

1i) much, exceedingly

רַב (rav) — chief.

captain, chief

Aramaic equivalent: rav.re.van (רַבְרְבָן "noble" H7261)

רַב (rav) — (Sidon) the Great.

Combined with tsi.don (צִידוֹן "Sidon" H6721H)

§ captain, chief

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | Adj — Preposition
HR/Aampa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…

like a portent I have become for many [people] and you [are] refuge of my strength
וְ֝אַתָּ֗הve.'a.Tah and you H859 Conjunction · pronoun
1,094× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
You is the translation of a Hebrew word used to address someone directly, like when God says you to someone in the Bible. It can be singular or plural, and is often translated as thee, thou, or ye.
Amplified meaning
my mighty
Tyndale gloss
you(m.s.)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַתָּ֫ה (attah) is a second-person pronoun in Hebrew, used to address someone directly. It has masculine and feminine forms: אַתָּה for singular masculine, אַתְּ for singular feminine, אַתֶּם for plural masculine, and אַתֵּן for plural feminine. The entries indicate variations in form and usage, reflecting the pronoun's grammatical complexity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַתָּ֫ה, אָ֑תָּה pron. 2 s. m. thou

base

אתי, i.e. אתִּי, the older & more original form of אַתְּ thou (fem.)

base

אַתְּ, אָ֑תְּ pron. 2 s. f. thou (fem.)

base

אַתֶּם pron. 2 m. pl. you (masc.)

base

אַתֵּן pron. 2 f. pl. you (fem.)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H859a אַתָּ֫ה, אָ֑תָּה pron. 2 s. m. thou H859b אתי, i.e. אתִּי, the older & more original form of אַתְּ thou (fem.) H859c אַתְּ, אָ֑תְּ pron. 2 s. f. thou (fem.) H859d אַתֶּם pron. 2 m. pl. you (masc.) H859e אַתֵּן pron. 2 f. pl. you (fem.)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

859 'attah at-taw'

or (shortened); aatta {at-taw'}; or wath {ath}; feminine

(irregular) sometimes nattiy {at-tee'}; plural masculine attem

{at- tem'}; feminine atten {at-ten'}; or oattenah

{at-tay'naw}; or fattennah {at-tane'-naw}; a primitive pronoun

of the second person; thou and thee, or (plural) ye and

you:--thee, thou, ye, you.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַתָּ֫ה (at.tah) — you(m.s.).

you (second pers. sing. masc.)

אתִּי (ti) — you(f.s.).

you (second pers. sing. fem.)

A grammatical form of at.tah (אַתָּ֫ה "you(m.s.)" H0859A)

אַתְּ (at.te) — you(f.s.).

you (second pers. sing. fem.)

A grammatical form of at.tah (אַתָּ֫ה "you(m.s.)" H0859A)

אַתֶּם (at.tem) — you(m.p.).

you (second pers. pl. masc.)

Aramaic equivalent: an.tun (אַנְתּוּן "you" H0608)

אַתֵּן (at.ten) — you(f.p.).

you (second pers. pl. fem.)

A grammatical form of at.tah (אַתָּ֫ה "you(m.s.)" H0859A)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Pron — Conjunction · pronoun
HC/Pp2ms
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
like a portent I have become for many [people] and you [are] refuge of my strength
מַֽחֲסִי־ma.cha.si- [are] refuge of my H4268 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
20× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means a safe place to go, like a shelter from a storm. It appears in the Bible as a place of hope and trust, where people can find refuge from danger. In Psalm 71:3, God is called a rock of refuge.
Amplified meaning
my trust, my hope
Tyndale gloss
refuge
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַחְסֶּה (machaceh) refers to a refuge or shelter, both literally and figuratively. It conveys meanings of protection from danger or storms, and can also imply a place of trust or hope. The word is derived from a root meaning to cover or protect, and is used in contexts that emphasize safety.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מַחְסֶּה n.m. refuge, shelter

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4268 מַחְסֶּה refuge, shelter

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4268 machaceh makh-as-eh'

or machceh {makh-seh'}; from 2620; a shelter (literally or

figuratively):--hope, (place of) refuge, shelter, trust.

see HEBREW for 02620

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַחְסֶּה (ma.cha.seh) — refuge.

1) refuge, shelter

1a) from rain or storm, from danger

1b) of falsehood

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
like a portent I have become for many [people] and you [are] refuge of my strength
עֹֽז׃'Oz strength H5797 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
92× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Describes strength or might, including physical power, social status, or boldness, like the strength of God or a strong leader.
Amplified meaning
safe place, shelter, fortress
Tyndale gloss
strength
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עֹז (oz) refers to strength or might, encompassing material, physical, personal, social, and political dimensions. It can denote boldness or impudence and is associated with the might of God. The word is built from the root related to strength and power, with various applications noted in the entries.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עֹז, and (rarely) עוֹז n.m. strength, might

material and physical

personal, social, and political

might of י׳

= boldness, impudence

= stronghold

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5797 עֹז, and (rarely) עוֹז strength, might . material and physical

. personal, social, and political

. might of י׳

. = boldness, impudence

. = stronghold

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5797 `oz oze

or (fully) rowz {oze}; from 5810; strength in various

applications (force, security, majesty, praise):--boldness,

loud, might, power, strength, strong.

see HEBREW for 05810

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עֹז (oz) — strength.

1) might, strength

1a) material or physical

1b) personal or social or political

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ A title given to Jehovah 1Sa 15:29

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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