Psalms 64:6 — Word Study
WLCיַֽחְפְּֽשׂוּ־ עוֹלֹ֗ת תַּ֭מְנוּ חֵ֣פֶשׂ מְחֻפָּ֑שׂ וְקֶ֥רֶב אִ֝֗ישׁ וְלֵ֣ב עָמֹֽק׃
BSAto strengthenchâzaq Chroniclesdâbâr badraʻ to recountçâphar to hideṭâman snaremôwqêsh to sayʼâmar [declare, affirm] who?mîy Providerrâʼâh
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יַֽחְפְּֽשׂוּ־ | they plot | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| עוֹלֹ֗ת | injustice | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| תַּ֭מְנוּ | we have finished | Verb, Qal, perfect first person common plural |
| חֵ֣פֶשׂ | a plot | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| מְחֻפָּ֑שׂ | plotted | Verb, Pual, participle (passive) masculine singular |
| וְקֶ֥רֶב | and [the] inner being of | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| אִ֝֗ישׁ | a person | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְלֵ֣ב | and [the] heart | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| עָמֹֽק׃ | [is] deep |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | They devise injustice and say, “We have perfected a secret plan.” For the inner man and the heart are mysterious. |
| KJV | They search out iniquities; they accomplish a diligent search: both the inward thought of every one of them, and the heart, is deep. |
| ASV | They search out iniquities; We have accomplished, say they, a diligent search: And the inward thought and the heart of every one is deep. |
| YLT | They search out perverse things, 'We perfected a searching search,' And the inward part of man, and the heart [are] deep. |
| WEB | They plot injustice, saying, “We have made a perfect plan!” Surely man’s mind and heart are cunning. |
| BBE | Or make discovery of our secret purpose? The design is framed with care; and the inner thought of a man, and his heart, is deep. |
Where they part company is תַּ֭מְנוּ — see How Translations Differ.
The verse presents a main action followed by an explanation of the deeper human condition, emphasizing the contrast between visible actions and hidden truths.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbחָזַק
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 9 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 64:6
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Schemes of the Wickedgenerated
Psalm 64:6 describes how the wicked devise plans of injustice, believing they can hide their true intentions. The psalmist contrasts their secretive actions with the profound nature of the human heart, suggesting that while their schemes may be concealed, the inner workings of humanity are complex and known to God. This theme of divine awareness runs throughout the psalm, as seen in the subsequent verses.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 35:11 | Hostile witnesses come forward; they make charges I know nothing about. |
| 2 | 1 Samuel 22:9 | But Doeg the Edomite, who had stationed himself with Saul’s servants, answered: “I saw the son of Jesse come to Ahimelech son of Ahitub at Nob. |
| 3 | 1 Samuel 24:9 | and said to Saul, “Why do you listen to the words of men who say, ‘Look, David intends to harm you’? |
| 4 | 1 Samuel 25:10 | But Nabal asked them, “Who is David? Who is this son of Jesse? Many servants these days are breaking away from their masters. |
| 5 | Daniel 6:4–5 | Thus the administrators and satraps sought a charge against Daniel concerning the kingdom, but they could find no charge or corruption, because he was trustworthy, and no negligence or corruption was found in him. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 13 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — חֵ֣פֶשׂ, Che.fesgenerated
The word חֵ֣פֶשׂ (chefes) refers to a plot or scheme, often with negative connotations. It denotes a clever or deceitful design, emphasizing the cunning nature of the wicked's intentions. The parsing as a masculine singular noun indicates it is a concrete concept, focusing on the specific plans that are being devised.
In this verse, it highlights the calculated nature of their wrongdoing, suggesting that their schemes are not only intentional but also hidden from plain sight. The use of this term underscores the seriousness of their actions and the lengths to which they will go to achieve their unjust aims.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations generally agree on the meaning of the verse.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse has a main clause led by the verb יַֽחְפְּֽשׂוּ (they plot), with two subordinate clauses: one describing the nature of their plotting and the other discussing the inner man and heart. This structure emphasizes the contrast between their deceptive actions and the deeper truths about humanity.
The arrangement of the clauses highlights the wicked's intent first, followed by the profound nature of the human heart, suggesting a deliberate juxtaposition of their schemes against the mystery of inner life.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יַֽחְפְּֽשׂוּ as ἐκραταίωσαν (they have strengthened), which suggests a nuance of empowerment in their plotting. This choice may imply that their schemes are not only secretive but also fortified against discovery.
The translation of עוֹלֹ֗ת as ἑαυτοῖς (to themselves) indicates a self-centered focus in their actions, reinforcing the idea that their plans are inwardly motivated and concealed.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 64:6 shows how the wicked plot injustice and believe they have successfully hidden their schemes. The verse also reminds us that the depths of the human heart are complex and not easily understood, highlighting a contrast between human deceit and divine insight.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means they intentionally plan and scheme to do wrong, often against others, believing they can conceal their actions.
The inner man and heart represent the deeper, often hidden, aspects of a person, suggesting that true intentions and feelings are complex and known to God.
A secret plan refers to a scheme that is meant to be concealed from others, indicating a level of deceit and cunning in their actions.
It implies that the inner workings of the human heart and mind are profound and not easily discerned, even by those who may think they understand them.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see injustice being plotted in the world around me?
- How can I guard my own heart against deceitful intentions?
- What does this verse teach me about the nature of human plans versus God's understanding?
- How can I seek to understand the deeper motivations of those around me?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Augustine of Hippo comments on this verse, noting the depth of the wicked's designs and their ultimate failure.
"They have searched out iniquity, they have failed, searching searchings" [Psalms 64:6]: that is, deadly and acute designs.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 64 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 64:6 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThey search out iniquities,.... The Targum adds, "to destroy the just.'' Either occasions against them, by charging them with sin and hiring false witnesses against them, as did the enemies both of
Read John Gill on Psalms 64 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThey search out iniquities; they accomplish a diligent search: both the inward thought of every one of them, and the heart, is deep. -When all the plot is ripe, then ensues sudden destruction of the wicked plotters.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 64 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThey search out iniquities; they study diligently and constantly to find out either matter, which they may lay to my charge, or new ways and means of doing me mischief. They accomplish a diligent search; they have long and accurately searched, till at last they have ripened and perfected their thoughts, and found out a very cunning and deep plot. Or, they say, We have accomplished our accurate search. By long searching we have at last found what we desired. The heart is deep; mine enemies are not only cruel and malicious, but also very cunning, both to contrive and conceal, and to execute their plots.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 64 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 64:6 They search out iniquities; they accomplish a diligent search: both the inward [thought] of every one [of them], and the heart, [is] deep.Ver. 6. They search out iniquities] Abstrusissima quaeque exquisierunt; they search the devil’ s skull for new inventions; who is ready enough to lend them his seven heads to plot and his ten horns to push at good people. How wittily wicked was Saul to destroy David, if he could have done it! See his counsel to the Ziphites, 1 Samuel 23:22. They accomplish a diligent search] Heb. a search searched, i.e. They seek out all occasions, they try all tricks, they do all that can be done to undo me. Whereunto he fitly subjoineth this epiphonema by…
Read John Trapp on Psalms 64 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(6) They search out iniquities—i.e., they plan wicked schemes.They accomplish a diligent search.—See margin, which indicates the difficulty in this clause. The versions and some MSS. also suggest a corruption of the tent. Read “They have completed their subtle measures” (literally, the planned plan).
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 64 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 6. They search out iniquities; they accomplish a diligent search] The word חפש chaphash, which is used three times, as a noun and a verb, in this sentence, signifies to strip off the clothes. "They investigate iniquities; they perfectly investigate an investigation." Most energetically translated by the old Psalter: Thai ransaked wickednesses: thai failled ransakand in ransaking. To ransack signifies to search every corner, to examine things part by part, to turn over every leaf, to leave no hole or cranny unexplored. But the word investigate fully expresses the meaning of the term, as it comes either from in, taken privately, and vestire, to clothe, stripping the man bare, that he…
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 64 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges6. They plan deeds of iniquity; We have perfected (say they) a consummate plan; And each man’s innermost thought and heart is deep. The form of the verb is anomalous, and it is uncertain whether it is meant for the first person, or, as A.V. takes it, the third person, ‘they accomplish.’ The first person is however more graphic and forcible. For a similar abrupt introduction of the persons spoken of as speakers, see Psalms 59:7. The various reading they have hidden is improbable. They conceal their thoughts deep in their own hearts, but in vain! God explores the lowest depths and most tortuous labyrinths of the human heart (Jeremiah 17:9-10). Cp. with this and the preceding verse Isaiah…
Read Cambridge on Psalms 64 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThey search out iniquities - They search deep; they examine plans; they rack their invention to accomplish it.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 64 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
They devise injustice and say, “We have perfected a secret plan.” For the inner man and the heart are mysterious.
They plot injustice, saying, “We have made a perfect plan!” Surely man’s mind and heart are cunning.
They devise injustice and say, “We have perfected a secret plan.” For the inner man and the heart are mysterious.
They devise unjust schemes; they disguise a well-conceived plot. Man’s inner thoughts cannot be discovered.
Tyndale line
They search out iniquities; they accomplish a diligent search: both the inward thought of every one of them, and the heart, is deep.
They search out iniquities; We have accomplished, say they, a diligent search: And the inward thought and the heart of every one is deep.
They search out iniquities; We have accomplished, say they, a diligent search: and the inward thought of every one, and the heart, is deep.
They search out iniquities; they accomplish a diligent search: both the inward thought of every one of them , and the heart, is deep.
They haue sought out iniquities, and haue accomplished that which they sought out, euen euery one his secret thoughtes, and the depth of his heart.
Strictly literal
They devise iniquities: We have it ready, the plan is diligently sought out. And each one's inward [thought] and heart is deep.
They search out perverse things, 'We perfected a searching search,' And the inward part of man, and the heart [are] deep.
They search out perverse things, “We perfected a searching search,” || And the inward part of man, and the heart, [are] deep.
(64:7) They search out iniquities; “We are ready with the carefully searched out device:” and the inward thought and heart of each is deeply [hidden].
They invent sinful plans; “We have finished,” they say, “a careful plan.” The inner thoughts and hearts of man are deep.
From the Latin
Wonderful in justice. Hear us, O God our saviour, who art the hope of all the ends of the earth, and in the sea afar off.
Simplified
They plot wicked things. “What a great plan we've created!” they say. There are no limits to the depths to which human minds and thoughts can sink.
Or make discovery of our secret purpose? The design is framed with care; and the inner thought of a man, and his heart, is deep.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text (MT) of Psalms 64:6 reads, 'יַֽחְפְּֽשׂוּ־ עוֹלֹ֗ת תַּ֭מְנוּ חֵ֣פֶשׂ מְחֻפָּ֑שׂ וְקֶ֥רֶב אִ֝֗ישׁ וְלֵ֣ב עָמֹֽק׃', which translates to 'They devise injustice and say, “We have perfected a secret plan.” For the inner man and the heart are mysterious.' The Septuagint (LXX) shows a strong agreement with the MT, matching 8 of the 9 words, though the specific wording and structure are adapted to Greek syntax. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional differing readings for this verse, indicating a consistent transmission of the text across these witnesses.
יַֽחְפְּֽשׂוּ־ עוֹלֹ֗ת תַּ֭מְנוּ חֵ֣פֶשׂ מְחֻפָּ֑שׂ וְקֶ֥רֶב אִ֝֗ישׁ וְלֵ֣ב עָמֹֽק׃
8 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 64:6
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
חָפַשׂ (chaphas) is a Hebrew verb meaning to search or seek out. It can also imply disguising oneself or being searched for. The word has various forms, including Qal (to search), Niphal (to be searched out), and Hithpael (to disguise oneself). It encompasses a range of meanings related to searching, testing, and exposure.
[חָפַשׂ] vb. search
Qal search, search out
search for
= think out, devise
search = test
Niph. searched out = exposed and plundered
Pi.
search through
search for
Pu. be searched for = be hidden
Hithp. disguise oneself (lit. let oneself be searched for)
base
H2664 [חָפַשׂ] search
2664 chaphas khaw-fas'
a primitive root; to seek; causatively, to conceal oneself
(i.e. let be sought), or mask:--change, (make) diligent
(search), disquise self, hide, search (for, out).
חָפַשׂ (cha.pha.s) — to search.
1) to search, search for, to search out, disguise oneself
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to search for
1a2) to think out, devise
1a3) to search, test
1b) (Niphal) to be searched out, be exposed
1c) (Piel) to search, search through, search for
1d) (Pual) to be searched for, be sought out
1e) (Hithpael)
1e1) to disguise oneself
1e2) to let oneself be searched for
HVqi3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
The Hebrew word עָ֫וֶל (*evel*) and its variant עַוְלָה (*avlah*) both denote concepts of injustice and unrighteousness. They encompass moral evil, including violent deeds and wrongful speech. The entries highlight their usage as nouns, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
עָ֫וֶל n.m. injustice, unrighteousness
base
עַוְלָה n.f. injustice, unrighteousness, wrong
base
H5766a עָ֫וֶל injustice, unrighteousness H5766b עַוְלָה injustice, unrighteousness, wrong
5766 `evel eh'-vel
or lavel {aw'-vel}; and (feminine) lavlah {av-law'}; or owlah
{o-law'}; or .olah {o-law'}; from 5765; (moral)
evil:--iniquity, perverseness, unjust(-ly),
unrighteousness(-ly); wicked(-ness).
see HEBREW for 05765
עָ֫וֶל (e.vel) — injustice.
injustice, unrighteousness
Another spelling of av.lah (עַוְלָה "injustice" H5766B)
עַוְלָה (av.lah) — injustice.
1) injustice, unrighteousness, wrong
1a) violent deeds of injustice
1b) injustice (of speech)
1c) injustice (generally)
HNcfpa — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
תָּמַם (tamam) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be complete or finished. It encompasses a range of meanings, including to accomplish, cease, be consumed, or be sound and upright. The word can be used in various forms, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances of completion or integrity.
[תָּמַם], תַּם vb. be complete, finished
Qal
be finished, completed
be finished, come to an end, cease
be complete, of number
be consumed, exhausted, spent
be finished, consumed, destroyed
be complete, sound, unimpaired
twice, very strangely
Hiph.
finish, complete, perfect, a matter
finish, cease doing a thing
complete, sum up
destroy uncleanness
causative: make sound thy ways.
Hithp. deal in integrity with
base
H8552 [תָּמַם], תַּם be complete, finished
8552 tamam taw-mam'
a primitive root; to complete, in a good or a bad sense,
literal, or figurative, transitive or intransitive (as
follows):--accomplish, cease, be clean (pass-)ed, consume,
have done, (come to an, have an, make an) end, fail, come to
the full, be all gone, X be all here, be (make) perfect, be
spent, sum, be (shew self) upright, be wasted, whole.
תָּמַם (ta.mam) — to finish.
1) to be complete, be finished, be at an end
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be finished, be completed
1a1a) completely, wholly, entirely (as auxiliary with verb)
1a2) to be finished, come to an end, cease
1a3) to be complete (of number)
1a4) to be consumed, be exhausted, be spent
1a5) to be finished, be consumed, be destroyed
1a6) to be complete, be sound, be unimpaired, be upright (ethically)
1a7) to complete, finish
1a8) to be completely crossed over
1b) (Niphal) to be consumed
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to finish, complete, perfect
1c2) to finish, cease doing, leave off doing
1c3) to complete, sum up, make whole
1c4) to destroy (uncleanness)
1c5) to make sound
1d) (Hithpael) to deal in integrity, act uprightly
HVqp1cp — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common pluralHVqp1cp
חֵ֫פֶשׂ (chephes) refers to a shrewd device or plot, primarily noted in Psalm 64:7. It is derived from a root meaning something covert or a trick. The entries consistently emphasize its association with cunning or deceitful schemes.
חֵ֫פֶשׂ n.[m.] a (shrewd) device, plot, only in ψ 64:7
ref
H2665 חֵ֫פֶשׂ
2665 chephes khay'-fes
from 2664; something covert, i.e. a trick:--search.
see HEBREW for 02664
חֵ֫פֶשׂ (che.phe.s) — plot.
trick, plot, (shrewd) device
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
חָפַשׂ (chaphas) is a Hebrew verb meaning to search or seek out. It can also imply disguising oneself or being searched for. The word has various forms, including Qal (to search), Niphal (to be searched out), and Hithpael (to disguise oneself). It encompasses a range of meanings related to searching, testing, and exposure.
[חָפַשׂ] vb. search
Qal search, search out
search for
= think out, devise
search = test
Niph. searched out = exposed and plundered
Pi.
search through
search for
Pu. be searched for = be hidden
Hithp. disguise oneself (lit. let oneself be searched for)
base
H2664 [חָפַשׂ] search
2664 chaphas khaw-fas'
a primitive root; to seek; causatively, to conceal oneself
(i.e. let be sought), or mask:--change, (make) diligent
(search), disquise self, hide, search (for, out).
חָפַשׂ (cha.pha.s) — to search.
1) to search, search for, to search out, disguise oneself
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to search for
1a2) to think out, devise
1a3) to search, test
1b) (Niphal) to be searched out, be exposed
1c) (Piel) to search, search through, search for
1d) (Pual) to be searched for, be sought out
1e) (Hithpael)
1e1) to disguise oneself
1e2) to let oneself be searched for
HVPsmsa — Verb · Pual · participle (passive) masculine singularHVPsmsa
קֶ֫רֶב (qereb) refers to the inward part or midst of something, encompassing both physical and figurative meanings. It can denote the center of a person or object, as well as the seat of thought and emotion. The term also relates to the entrails of sacrificial animals. It is used in various contexts, including references to being among or within a group.
קֶ֫רֶב 227 n.[m.] inward part, midst
base
H7130 קֶ֫רֶב inward part, midst
7130 qereb keh'-reb
from 7126; properly, the nearest part, i.e. the center,
whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with
preposition):--X among, X before, bowels, X unto charge, +
eat (up), X heart, X him, X in, inward (X -ly, part, -s,
thought), midst, + out of, purtenance, X therein, X through, X
within self.
see HEBREW for 07126
קֶ֫רֶב (qe.rev) — entrails: among.
: among/within
1) midst, among, inner part, middle
1a) inward part
1a1) physical sense
1a2) as seat of thought and emotion
1a3) as faculty of thought and emotion
1b) in the midst, among, from among (of a number of persons)
1c) entrails (of sacrificial animals)
Also means: qe.rev (קֶ֫רֶב ": inner_parts" H7130H)
קֶ֫רֶב (qe.rev) — entrails: inner parts.
: inner_parts
1) midst, among, inner part, middle
1a) inward part
1a1) physical sense
1a2) as seat of thought and emotion
1a3) as faculty of thought and emotion
1b) in the midst, among, from among (of a number of persons)
1c) entrails (of sacrificial animals)
HC/Ncmsc — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word אִישׁ (iysh) means 'man' and can refer to an individual male, a husband, or a human being in general. It encompasses various meanings, including champion and great man, and can also imply 'whosoever' or 'each.' The word is built from a root suggesting existence and is used throughout the Old Testament.
אִישׁ 2166 n.m. man (= vir)
base
H376 אִישׁ man (= vir)
376 'iysh eesh
contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root
meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male
person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and
in such cases frequently not expressed in
translation):--also, another, any (man), a certain, +
champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-,
husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree),
him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people,
person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy.
Compare 802.
see HEBREW for 0582
see HEBREW for 0802
אִישׁ (ish) — man.
: man
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
אִישׁ (ish) — man: husband.
: husband
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
אִישׁ (ish) — man: anyone.
: anyone/someone
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
The Hebrew word לֵב (lev) means 'heart' and encompasses the inner man, mind, will, and emotions. It refers to the center of feelings, intellect, and moral character, as well as the seat of appetites and courage. The entries suggest a broad range of meanings related to human experience and thought, with a specific mention of its use in Jeremiah 51:1.
לֵב 599 n.m. (f.) inner man, mind, will, heart
seldom of things in the midst of the sea
elsewhere of men
the inner man in contrast with the outer
the inner man, indef., soul, comprehending mind, affections and will
specific reference to mind
spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will
spec. ref. to conscience
[various]
for the man himself
as seat of appetites
as seat of emotions and passions
seat of courage
base
לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash Je 51:1.
ref
H3820a לֵב inner man, mind, will, heart . seldom of things in the midst of the sea
. elsewhere of men . the inner man in contrast with the outer
. the inner man, indef., soul, comprehending mind, affections and will
. specific reference to mind
. spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will
. spec. ref. to conscience
. [various]
. for the man himself
. as seat of appetites
. as seat of emotions and passions
. seat of courage
H3820b לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash
3820 leb labe
a form of 3824; the heart; also used (figuratively) very
widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect;
likewise for the centre of anything:--+ care for, comfortably,
consent, X considered, courag(-eous), friend(-ly), ((broken-),
(hard-), (merry-), (stiff-), (stout-), double) heart((-ed)), X
heed, X I, kindly, midst, mind(-ed), X regard((-ed)), X
themselves, X unawares, understanding, X well, willingly,
wisdom.
see HEBREW for 03824
לֵב (lev) — heart.
1) inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding
1a) inner part, midst
1a1) midst (of things)
1a2) heart (of man)
1a3) soul, heart (of man)
1a4) mind, knowledge, thinking, reflection, memory
1a5) inclination, resolution, determination (of will)
1a6) conscience
1a7) heart (of moral character)
1a8) as seat of appetites
1a9) as seat of emotions and passions 1a10) as seat of courage
לֵב (lev) — Leb.
§ Leb- = "heart of"
(probably a cryptic name for Babylon by Atbash)
HC/Ncmsa — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
hart (lebh, lebhabh; kardia): The different senses in which the word occurs in the Old Testament and the New Testament may be grouped under the following heads:
1. Various Meanings:
It represents in the first place the bodily organ, and by easy transition those experiences which affect or are affected by the body. Fear, love, courage, anger, Joy, sorrow, hatred are always ascribed to the heart--especially in the Old Testament; thus courage for which usually ruach is used (Ps 27:14); joy (Ps 4:7); anger (De 19:6, "while his heart is hot," lebhabh); fear (1Sa 25:37); sorrow (Ps 13:2), etc.
Heart
According to the Bible, the heart is the centre not only of spiritual activity, but of all the operations of human life. “Heart” and “soul” are often used interchangeably (Deut. 6:5; 26:16; comp. Matt. 22:37; Mark 12:30, 33), but this is not generally the case.
The heart is the “home of the personal life,” and hence a man is designated, according to his heart, wise (1 Kings 3:12, etc.), pure (Ps. 24:4; Matt. 5:8, etc.), upright and righteous (Gen. 20:5, 6;
עָמֹק (amoq) means 'deep' in both a literal and figurative sense, often implying something that is unsearchable or mysterious. It is derived from another Hebrew word, עָמַק (amaq), and is used in contexts that emphasize depth.
עָמֹק 17 adj. deep
lit.
= unsearchable
base
H6013 עָמֹק
6013 `amoq aw-moke'
from 6009; deep (literally or figuratively):--(X exceeding)
deep (thing).
see HEBREW for 06009
עָמֹק (a.moq) — deep.
1) deep, mysterious, depths
1a) deep
1b) unsearchable
HAamsa — HAamsa