Psalms 34:6 — Word Study
WLCזֶ֤ה עָנִ֣י קָ֭רָא וַיהוָ֣ה שָׁמֵ֑עַ וּמִכָּל־ צָ֝רוֹתָ֗יו הוֹשִׁיעֽוֹ׃
BSAto looknâbaṭ to(wards)ʼêl to flownâhar facepânîym notʼal be ashamedchâphêr
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| זֶ֤ה | this | Particle |
| עָנִ֣י | poor [person] | |
| קָ֭רָא | he called out | Verb, Qal, perfect third person masculine singular |
| וַיהוָ֣ה | and Yahweh | Conjunction, noun proper |
| שָׁמֵ֑עַ | he heard | Verb, Qal, perfect third person masculine singular |
| וּמִכָּל־ | and from all | Conjunction, preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| צָ֝רוֹתָ֗יו | troubles his | Noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
| הוֹשִׁיעֽוֹ׃ | he delivered him | Verb hiphil perfect third person masculine singular, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | This poor man called out, and the LORD heard him; He saved him from all his troubles. |
| KJV | This poor man cried, and the LORD heard him, and saved him out of all his troubles. |
| ASV | This poor man cried, and Jehovah heard him, And saved him out of all his troubles. |
| YLT | This poor [one] called, and Jehovah heard, And from all his distresses saved him. |
| WEB | This poor man cried, and Yahweh heard him, and saved him out of all his troubles. |
| BBE | This poor man's cry came before the Lord, and he gave him salvation from all his troubles. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of הוֹשִׁיעֽוֹ — see How Translations Differ.
The structure features a main clause followed by two subordinate actions, illustrating a clear sequence of calling, hearing, and saving.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectנָהַר
verbהוּא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 34:6
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The LORD Hears the Afflictedgenerated
Psalm 34:6 describes the experience of a poor man who calls out to the LORD in his distress. This verse emphasizes the relationship between humility and divine intervention, illustrating how God responds to those who are in need. The surrounding verses further highlight the joy and safety found in trusting the LORD, as well as His protective presence for those who fear Him.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 3:4 | To the LORD I cry aloud, and He answers me from His holy mountain. Selah |
| 2 | Psalm 10:17 | You have heard, O LORD, the desire of the humble; You will strengthen their hearts. You will incline Your ear, |
| 3 | Psalm 40:17 | But I am poor and needy; may the Lord think of me. You are my helper and deliverer; O my God, do not delay. |
| 4 | Psalm 66:16–20 | Come and listen, all you who fear God, and I will declare what He has done for me. |
| 5 | Psalm 34:17–19 | The righteous cry out, and the LORD hears; He delivers them from all their troubles. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — עָנִי, 'a.Nigenerated
The word עָנִי (aniy) denotes a state of being poor or afflicted. It describes someone who is humble or in a lowly condition, often due to difficult circumstances. This term is used frequently in the Psalms, reflecting a deep sense of dependence on God for help and support.
The parsing indicates that it is a common noun, which emphasizes the general condition of poverty or affliction, rather than a specific individual. This broad usage allows the term to resonate with many who find themselves in similar situations of need.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is קָ֭רָא, he called out, which governs the entire sentence. The structure includes the subject, the LORD, who responds to the call, and the action of saving, forming a clear cause-and-effect relationship.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the poor man’s cry, followed by the LORD's attentive response, illustrating the dynamic interaction between human need and divine compassion.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates עָנִי as πτωχὸς, which also means 'poor' but carries connotations of being destitute. This choice reflects a broader understanding of poverty, emphasizing not just lack of resources but a state of vulnerability.
The verb הוֹשִׁיעֽוֹ is rendered as σωθῆναι, meaning 'to be saved', which aligns with the idea of deliverance from peril, reinforcing the theme of God's saving action.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 34:6 tells us that a poor man cried out to the LORD, and the LORD heard him. He saved him from all his troubles. This verse shows that God listens to those in need and acts to help them.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies a plea for help, showing desperation and reliance on God.
The LORD hears him and delivers him from his troubles, demonstrating His compassion.
The troubles could include physical, emotional, or spiritual distress, as indicated by the context of the psalm.
It emphasizes God's attentiveness to the cries of the afflicted and His willingness to intervene in their lives.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I experienced God's help in times of trouble?
- How can I be more attentive to the needs of those around me who may be suffering?
- What does it mean for me to call out to God in my own moments of distress?
- How can I share the message of God's deliverance with others who are struggling?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early church fathers reference this verse to discuss themes of poverty, humility, and God's mercy toward the needy.
Poverty is not always praiseworthy, but only that which is practiced intentionally according to the evangelical aim. Many are poor in their resources but very grasping in their intention; poverty does not save these;Early Church Fathers on Psalms 34 →
As the Prophet testifies, "The poor man cried, and the Lord heard him" [Psalms 34:6]. He teaches you how you may be heard. Therefore are you not heard, because you are rich.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 34 →
The one who was in need of everything and given up as lost by people implored God in a moment of tribulation, and the Lord heard him and saved him against the odds.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 34 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 34:6 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThis poor man cried,.... Singling out some one person from among the humble, who was remarkably delivered; it is the common case of the people of God to be poor and afflicted, and in their
Read John Gill on Psalms 34 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThis poor man cried, and the LORD heard him, and saved him out of all his troubles.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 34 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Biblei.e. David, of whom they that looked, &c., , spake these words.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 34 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 34:6 This poor man cried, and the LORD heard [him], and saved him out of all his troubles.Ver. 6. This poor man cried] Meaning himself, to whom it seemeth he pointed the finger, or laid his hand on his heart, when he said, This poor man, Hic vilis, et ovium pastor, saith Theodoret, this mean shepherd not long since; but rather, This miserable sinner, who whilome rashly ran such a hazard, and so unworthily deported himself in the presence of King Achish; this poor soul, I say, cried, but silently and secretly, as Moses did at the Red Sea, as Nehemiah did in the presence of the king of Persia. And the Lord] Who might better be called the poor man’ s king, than was James IV, king of…
Read John Trapp on Psalms 34 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(6) This poor man.—Better, this sufferer—i.e., either the writer, or Israel personified.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 34 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 6. This poor man cried] זה עני zeh ani, "This afflicted man," David.
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 34 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges6. This afflicted man (see note on Psalms 9:12) called, and Jehovah heard, and saved him out of all his distresses. Cp. Psalms 34:17; Psalms 31:7. Does the poet point to himself, or to one here and another there who had been instances of God’s protecting care?
Read Cambridge on Psalms 34 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThis poor man cried - The psalmist here returns to his own particular experience.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 34 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
This poor man called out, and the LORD heard him; He saved him from all his troubles.
This poor man cried, and Yahweh heard him, and saved him out of all his troubles.
This poor man called out, and the LORD heard him; He saved him from all his troubles.
This oppressed man cried out and the Lord heard; he saved him from all his troubles.
Tyndale line
This poor man cried, and the LORD heard him, and saved him out of all his troubles.
This poor man cried, and Jehovah heard him, And saved him out of all his troubles.
This poor man cried, and the LORD heard him, and saved him out of all his troubles.
This poor man cried, and the LORD heard him , and saved him out of all his troubles.
This poore man cryed, and the Lord heard him, and saued him out of all his troubles.
Strictly literal
This afflicted one called, and Jehovah heard [him], and saved him out of all his troubles.
This poor [one] called, and Jehovah heard, And from all his distresses saved him.
This poor [one] called, and YHWH heard, || And saved him from all his distresses.
(34:7) This poor man cried, and the Lord heard him, and out of all his distresses did he save him.
This oppressed man cried and Yahweh heard him and saved him from all his troubles.
From the Latin
Let their way become dark and slippery; and let the angel of the Lord pursue them.
Simplified
This poor man cried out, and the Lord heard me, and saved me from all my troubles.
This poor man's cry came before the Lord, and he gave him salvation from all his troubles.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with only minor variations in structure and emphasis. The Septuagint provides a Greek rendering that captures the essence of the Hebrew text, maintaining the focus on the poor man's plea and God's response.
זֶ֤ה עָנִ֣י קָ֭רָא וַיהוָ֣ה שָׁמֵ֑עַ וּמִכָּל־ צָ֝רוֹתָ֗יו הוֹשִׁיעֽוֹ׃
7 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 34:6
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
זֶה (zeh) is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'here.' It can stand alone, be used appositively, or function as a predicate. The word can also attach enclitically to interrogative pronouns, adding emphasis and directness. In poetry, it may serve as a relative pronoun, though this usage is rare.
זֶה demonstr.pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here
standing alone
In appos. to subst.
More oft. as pred.
It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
With prefixes (in special senses)
base
H2088 זֶה demonstr. pron. and adv.; fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתָה; this, here . standing alone
. In appos. to subst.
. More oft. as pred.
. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adv., to certain words, esp. interrog. pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in Engl. idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker.
. In poetry, as a relative pron. (rare)
. With prefixes (in special senses)
2088 zeh zeh
a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this
or that:--he, X hence, X here, it(-self), X now, X of him, the
one...the other, X than the other, (X out of) the (self) same,
such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on
that side, X thus, very, which. Compare 2063, 2090, 2097,
2098.
see HEBREW for 02063
see HEBREW for 02090
see HEBREW for 02097
see HEBREW for 02098
זֶה (zeh) — this.
1) this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such
1a) (alone)
1a1) this one
1a2) this...that, the one...the other, another
1b) (appos to subst)
1b1) this
1c) (as predicate)
1c1) this, such
1d) (enclitically)
1d1) then
1d2) who, whom
1d3) how now, what now
1d4) what now
1d5) wherefore now
1d6) behold here
1d7) just now
1d8) now, now already
1e) (poetry)
1e1) wherein, which, those who
1f) (with prefixes)
1f1) in this (place) here, then
1f2) on these conditions, herewith, thus provided, by, through this, for this cause, in this matter
1f3) thus and thus
1f4) as follows, things such as these, accordingly, to that effect, in like manner, thus and thus
1f5) from here, hence, on one side...on the other side
1f6) on this account
1f7) in spite of this, which, whence, how
HTm — ParticleHTm
עָנִי (aniy) describes a state of being poor, afflicted, or humble. It is built from the root meaning to be depressed in mind or circumstances. The entries indicate it covers a range of meanings including needy, lowly, and wretched. There is a noted disagreement regarding its relationship to another word, עָנָה (anah), with some lexicons viewing one as subjective and the other as objective.
עָנִי adj. poor, afflicted, humble
base
H6041 עָנִי poor, afflicted, humble
6041 `aniy aw-nee'
from 6031; depressed, in mind or circumstances (practically
the same as 6035, although the margin constantly disputes
this, making 6035 subjective and 6041 objective):--afflicted,
humble, lowly, needy, poor.
see HEBREW for 06031
see HEBREW for 06035
see HEBREW for 06035
see HEBREW for 06041
עָנִי (a.ni) — afflicted.
1) poor, afflicted, humble, wretched
1a) poor, needy
1b) poor and weak
1c) poor, weak, afflicted, wretched
1d) humble, lowly
HAamsa — HAamsa
The Hebrew word קָרָא (qara') is a primitive root meaning to call, proclaim, or read. It encompasses a range of actions including calling out, crying for help, reading aloud, and summoning. The word can also imply being called or named in various contexts. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
קָרָא 724 vb. call, proclaim, read
Qal
call, cry, utter a loud sound
call, cry
call unto some one
cry for help
proclaim
read aloud
read to oneself
summon
call = name
Niph.
reflex.
pass. be called
Pu. be called
base
H7121 קָרָא call, proclaim, read .. . call, cry, utter a loud sound
. call, cry
. . call unto some one
. cry for help
. proclaim
. . read aloud
. read to oneself
. summon
. call = name
. . reflex.
. pass. be called
. be called
7121 qara' kaw-raw'
a primitive root (rather identical with 7122 through the idea
of accosting a person met); to call out to (i.e. properly,
address by name, but used in a wide variety of
applications):--bewray (self), that are bidden, call (for,
forth, self, upon), cry (unto), (be) famous, guest, invite,
mention, (give) name, preach, (make) proclaim(- ation),
pronounce, publish, read, renowned, say.
see HEBREW for 07122
קָרָא (qa.ra) — to call: call to.
: call_to/invite/entreat
1) to call, call out, recite, read, cry out, proclaim
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to call, cry, utter a loud sound
1a2) to call unto, cry (for help), call (with name of God)
1a3) to proclaim
1a4) to read aloud, read (to oneself), read
1a5) to summon, invite, call for, call and commission, appoint, call and endow
1a6) to call, name, give name to, call by
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to call oneself
1b2) to be called, be proclaimed, be read aloud, be summoned, be named
1c) (Pual) to be called, be named, be called out, be chosen
קָרָא (qa.ra) — to call: call by.
: call_by/name
1) to call, call out, recite, read, cry out, proclaim
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to call, cry, utter a loud sound
1a2) to call unto, cry (for help), call (with name of God)
1a3) to proclaim
1a4) to read aloud, read (to oneself), read
HVqp3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singularHVqp3ms
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
HC/Npt — Conjunction · noun properHC/Npt
The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama`) means 'to hear' and encompasses a range of meanings including listening, obeying, and proclaiming. It is built from a primitive root and can imply attention and understanding. The entries highlight various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of hearing and obeying. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
שָׁמַע 1152 vb. hear
Qal 1052
subj. pers. hum.
י׳ (God) subj.
Niph. 42 be heard, of voice, sound
be heard of
be regarded, obeyed
= (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice.
Pi. he caused the people to hear
Hiph. 63
of man
י׳ subj.
base
H8085 שָׁמַע hear
8085 shama` shaw-mah'
a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with
implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to
tell, etc.):--X attentively, call (gather) together, X
carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content,
declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make
to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be)
obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish,
regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell,
understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: hear.
: hear
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to
1a5) to understand (language)
1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)
1a7) to listen, give heed
1a7a) to consent, agree
1a7b) to grant request
1a8) to listen to, yield to
1a9) to obey, be obedient
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)
1b2) to be heard of
1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed
1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound
1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)
1d3) to make proclamation, summon
1d4) to cause to be heard
n m
2) sound
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: obey.
: obey
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
HVqp3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singularHVqp3ms
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
HC/R/Ncmsc — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHC/R/Ncmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
The Hebrew word צָרָה (*tsarah*) is built from the root meaning tightness or trouble. It covers a range of meanings including dearth, distress, and adversary, as well as specifically referring to a rival wife. The entries note its use in contexts of adversity and anguish, with a specific reference to 1 Samuel 1:6.
בַּצָּרָה n.f. dearth, destitution
base
צָרָה 72 n.f. id. [r.dz.ac] straits, distress
base
[צָרָה] n.f. vexer, rival-wife;—sf. 1 S 1:6.
ref
H6869a בַּצָּרָה dearth, destitution H6869b צָרָה id. [6862b] H6869c צָרָה vexer, rival-wife
6869 tsarah tsaw-raw'
feminine of 6862; tightness (i.e. figuratively, trouble);
transitively, a female rival:--adversary, adversity,
affliction, anguish, distress, tribulation, trouble.
see HEBREW for 06862
בַּצָּרָה (bats.tsa.rah) — dearth.
death, destitution
צָרָה (tsa.rah) — distress.
straits, distress, trouble
צָרָה (tsa.rah) — vexer.
vexer, rival wife
HNcfpc/Sp3ms — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHNcfpc/Sp3ms
יָשַׁע (yasha`) is a Hebrew root meaning to save or deliver. It encompasses various forms of salvation, including liberation from physical and moral troubles, victory in battle, and general safety. The word can appear in different grammatical forms, such as Niph. (to be saved) and Hiph. (to save).
[יָשַׁע] vb. Hiph. deliver; Niph. intrans. and pass.
Niph.
be liberated, saved (prop. placed in freedom)
be saved in battle, victorious
Hiph.
deliver, save (prop. give width and breadth to, liberate)
save from moral troubles
give victory to
base
H3467 [יָשַׁע] Hiph. deliver; Niph. intrans. and pass. . . be liberated, saved (prop. placed in freedom)
. be saved in battle, victorious
. . deliver, save (prop. give width and breadth to, liberate)
. save from moral troubles
. give victory to
3467 yasha` yaw-shah'
a primitive root; properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e.
(by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or
succor:--X at all, avenging, defend, deliver(-er), help,
preserve, rescue, be safe, bring (having) salvation,
save(-iour), get victory.
יָשַׁע (ya.sah) — to save.
1) to save, be saved, be delivered
1a) (Niphal)
1a1) to be liberated, be saved, be delivered
1a2) to be saved (in battle), be victorious
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to save, deliver
1b2) to save from moral troubles
1b3) to give victory to
HVhp3ms/Sp3ms — Verb hiphil perfect third person masculine singular · suffixHVhp3ms/Sp3ms