Psalms 150:3 — Word Study
WLCהַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ בְּתֵ֣קַע שׁוֹפָ֑ר הַֽ֝לְל֗וּהוּ בְּנֵ֣בֶל וְכִנּֽוֹר׃
BSAPraise Himhâlal [with joyful celebration] with the soundtêqaʻ△ [blast, loud noise] of the hornshôwphâr [trumpet] praise Himhâlal [with joyful celebration] with the harpnebel [psaltery, stringed instrument] and lyrekinnôwr [musical instrument]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ | praise him | Verb piel imperative second person masculine plural, suffix |
| בְּתֵ֣קַע | with a blast of | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| שׁוֹפָ֑ר | a ram's horn | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| הַֽ֝לְל֗וּהוּ | praise him | Verb piel imperative second person masculine plural, suffix |
| בְּנֵ֣בֶל | with lyre | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| וְכִנּֽוֹר׃ | and harp | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Praise Him with the sound of the horn; praise Him with the harp and lyre. |
| KJV | Praise him with the sound of the trumpet: praise him with the psaltery and harp. |
| ASV | Praise him with trumpet sound: Praise him with psaltery and harp. |
| YLT | Praise Him with blowing of trumpet, Praise Him with psaltery and harp. |
| WEB | Praise him with the sounding of the trumpet! Praise him with harp and lyre! |
| BBE | Give him praise with the sound of the horn: give him praise with corded instruments of music. |
The translations agree on the call to praise God with instruments, reflecting a unified understanding of this verse.
The structure features a main command with two subordinate phrases detailing the means of praise.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 6 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 150:3
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Call to Praisegenerated
Psalm 150:3 invites the faithful to express their praise to God using various instruments, emphasizing the joy and celebration inherent in worship. This psalm stands as a conclusion to the Book of Psalms, encouraging a vibrant and musical expression of faith, much like the themes found in Psalm 81:2-3 and Psalm 98:5-6.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 81:2–3 | Lift up a song, strike the tambourine, play the sweet-sounding harp and lyre. |
| 2 | Psalm 98:5–6 | Sing praises to the LORD with the lyre, in melodious song with the harp. |
| 3 | Numbers 10:10 | And on your joyous occasions, your appointed feasts, and the beginning of each month, you are to blow the trumpets over your burnt offerings and fellowship offerings to serve as a reminder for you before your God. I am the LORD your God.” |
| 4 | 1 Chronicles 15:24–28 | Shebaniah, Joshaphat, Nethanel, Amasai, Zechariah, Benaiah, and Eliezer—the priests—were to blow the trumpets before the ark of God. Obed-edom and Jehiah were also to be guardians of the ark. |
| 5 | 1 Chronicles 16:42 | Heman and Jeduthun had with them trumpets and cymbals for the music and instruments for the songs of God. And the sons of Jeduthun were stationed at the gate. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ, Ha.lu.hugenerated
The word הַלַל (halal) is a verb in the piel stem, indicating an imperative command to praise. It conveys the idea of shining or celebrating, often in a way that may appear foolish or exuberant. In this context, it calls for communal and joyful praise.
This command is directed to the congregation, urging them to engage in a lively celebration of God's greatness. The repetition of the phrase emphasizes the importance of collective worship through music.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
All translations agree on the call to praise God with musical instruments.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ, praise Him, governs the structure, with two prepositional phrases detailing how to praise. The first phrase describes the sound of the horn, while the second lists the harp and lyre.
The structure highlights the imperative nature of the command, underscoring the psalmist's call for a vibrant and musical expression of worship.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ as αὐτὸν, indicating a direct address to God. This choice maintains the imperative nature of the Hebrew while adapting it to the Greek audience.
The use of ἤξῳ for בְּתֵ֣קַע emphasizes the loud and attention-grabbing nature of the praise, aligning with the original intent of the Hebrew text.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 150:3 encourages us to praise God joyfully with musical instruments like the horn, harp, and lyre. This verse highlights the importance of celebrating God's greatness through music in worship.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Praising God with instruments means using music as a form of worship to express joy and reverence, as seen in Psalm 150:3.
Music enhances the worship experience, allowing for a communal expression of faith and joy, as emphasized throughout the Psalms.
The verse mentions the horn, harp, and lyre, each contributing to the joyful celebration of praise.
You can incorporate music into your worship by singing, playing instruments, or listening to worship music that uplifts and honors God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can I use music to express my praise to God in my daily life?
- What are some ways that I can celebrate God's greatness with others?
- In what situations have I felt the power of music in worship?
- How does the use of instruments enhance the experience of praising God?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers comment on the significance of this verse in relation to worship and music, drawing connections between instruments and spiritual truths.
The trumpet is the contemplative mind or the mind by which the teaching of the spirit is embraced. The harp is the busy mind that is quickened by the commands of Christ.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 150 →
"Praise Him in the sound of the trumpet" [Psalms 150:3]: on account of the surpassing clearness of note of their praise.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 150 →
Let us praise him on the psaltery and on the harp, supposing that on the harp we may embrace the wood of the cross and on the psaltery we may maintain the universal confession.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 150 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 150:3 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BiblePraise him with the sound of the trumpet,.... Which was used in calling the assembly together, for worship and on other occasions; and at the feast of blowing of trumpets, and in the year of jubilee,
Read John Gill on Psalms 150 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryPraise him with the sound of the trumpet: praise him with the psaltery and harp. Praise him with the sound of the trumpet ... the psaltery and harp.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 150 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 150:3 Praise him with the sound of the trumpet: praise him with the psaltery and harp.Ver. 3. Praise him with the sound of the trumpet] With all your might and members, with utmost joy and jollity in the Lord. Lord, I am a musical instrument, saith Nazianzen, for thee to touch, that I may sound forth thy glory and praise (Orat. de Basilio).
Read John Trapp on Psalms 150 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(3) Trumpet.—Heb., shτphar. (See Psalms 81:3; Psalms 98:6. LXX., σάλπιγξ.) It was the crooked horn, sometimes also called keren. (Bοble Educator, 2:231.) Psaltery and harp.—See Note, Psalms 33:2.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 150 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 3. The sound of the trumpet] שופר sophar, from its noble, cheering, and majestic sound; for the original has this ideal meaning. With the psaltery] נבל nebel; the nabla, a hollow stringed instrument; perhaps like the guitar, or the old symphony. And harp.] כנור kinnor, another stringed instrument, played on with the hands or fingers.
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 150 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges3. with the sound of the trumpet] With blast of cornet. The ‘cornet,’ originally a ram’s or cow’s horn, perhaps in later times a metal instrument of the same shape, was mainly employed for secular purposes, while the instrument generally used in religious ceremonies was the chatsôtserâh or straight metal trumpet. Cp. however Psalms 47:5; Psalms 81:3; Psalms 98:6. It was ordinarily the work of the priests to blow the trumpet (1 Chronicles 15:24; Nehemiah 12:35; Nehemiah 12:41; and often); Levites are often described as playing psalteries and harps and cymbals (1 Chronicles 25:1; 1 Chronicles 25:6; Nehemiah 12:27); tambourines were beaten by women as they danced (Psalms 68:25); the terms used…
Read Cambridge on Psalms 150 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BiblePraise him with the sound of the trumpet - Margin, cornet. In this verse and the verses following there is an allusion to the instruments of music which were commonly employed in Hebrew worship.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 150 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible3-5. Having spoken of the Being to whom this praise belongs, the places where it should be rendered, and the reasons why it should be given, (vers.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 150 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Praise Him with the sound of the horn; praise Him with the harp and lyre.
Praise him with the sounding of the trumpet! Praise him with harp and lyre!
Praise Him with the sound of the horn; praise Him with the harp and lyre.
Praise him with the blast of the horn! Praise him with the lyre and the harp!
Tyndale line
Praise him with the sound of the trumpet: praise him with the psaltery and harp.
Praise him with trumpet sound: Praise him with psaltery and harp.
Praise him with the sound of the trumpet: praise him with the psaltery and harp.
Praise him with the sound of the trumpet: praise him with the psaltery and harp.
Prayse ye him in the sounde of the trumpet: prayse yee him vpon the viole and the harpe.
Strictly literal
Praise him with the sound of the trumpet; praise him with lute and harp;
Praise Him with blowing of trumpet, Praise Him with psaltery and harp.
Praise Him with blowing of horn, || Praise Him with stringed instrument and harp.
Praise him with the blowing of the cornet: praise him with the psaltery and harp.
Praise him with the blast of the horn; praise him with lute and harp.
From the Latin
Praise him with sound of trumpet: praise him with psaltery and harp.
Simplified
Praise him with the sound of the trumpet, praise him with harp and lyre!
Give him praise with the sound of the horn: give him praise with corded instruments of music.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text, Septuagint, and Dead Sea Scrolls all agree on the wording of this verse, with the Septuagint maintaining a close correspondence to the Hebrew. The Dead Sea Scrolls provide partial matches, indicating consistency in the text across different traditions.
הַֽ֭לְלוּהוּ בְּתֵ֣קַע שׁוֹפָ֑ר הַֽ֝לְל֗וּהוּ בְּנֵ֣בֶל וְכִנּֽוֹר׃
6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
הללו׳הו בתקוע שופר הללו׳הו בנבל וכנור
6 words on the leather.
[הלל׳הו] בתקע שפר [הלל׳הו] [בנבל] [וכנור]
2 words on the leather — 4 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 150:3
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word הָלַל (halal) is a primitive root that encompasses meanings related to shining, boasting, and foolishness. It can signify to praise or celebrate, often in a clamorously foolish manner, and includes the idea of making a boast or being made a fool of. The entries indicate a range of uses, from expressing God's favor to acting madly.
[הָלַל] vb. shine
Qal when it, viz. his lamp, shone upon my head, fig. of God’s favour.
Hiph. flash forth light
base
[הָלַל] vb. be boastful, Pi. praise
Qal be boastful
Pi.
praise man or woman
usually praise י׳
appar. boast, make one’s boast
Pu. be praised
Hithpa. glory, boast, make one’s boast
Po‛el make into a fool, make a fool of
Po‛al of laughter I said, It is mad (folly)
Hithpo. act madly, or like a madman
base
H1984a הָלַל shine H1984b הָלַל be boastful, Pi. praise H1984c הָלַל be boastful, Pi. praise .be boastful
. . praise man or woman
. usually praise י׳
. appar. boast, make one’s boast
. be praised
. glory, boast, make one’s boast
.make into a fool, make a fool of
.of laughter I said, It is mad (folly)
. act madly, or like a madman
1984 halal haw-lal'
a primitive root; to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of
color); to shine; hence, to make a show, to boast; and thus to
be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to celebrate;
also to stultify:--(make) boast (self), celebrate, commend,
(deal, make), fool(- ish, -ly), glory, give (light), be (make,
feign self) mad (against), give in marriage, (sing, be worthy
of) praise, rage, renowned, shine.
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to shine.
1) to shine
1a) (Qal) to shine (fig. of God's favour)
1b) (Hiphil) to flash forth light
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to boast: praise.
: praise
1) to praise, boast, be boastful
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be boastful
1a2) boastful ones, boasters (participle)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to praise
1b2) to boast, make a boast
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be praised, be made praiseworthy, be commended, be worthy of praise
1d) (Hithpael) to boast, glory, make one's boast
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to be foolish.
1) (Poel) to make a fool of, make into a fool
1f) (Hithpoel) to act madly, act like a madman
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to boast: boast.
: boast
1) to praise, boast, be boastful
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be boastful
1a2) boastful ones, boasters (participle)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to praise
1b2) to boast, make a boast
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be praised, be made praiseworthy, be commended, be worthy of praise
V-Piel-Impv-2mp | Suff — Verb piel imperative second person masculine plural · suffixHVpv2mp/Sp3ms
תֵּ֫קַע (teqa`) refers to a blast or sound, specifically that of a trumpet or horn. The entries indicate it is a masculine noun and are linked to the root word for a similar concept, תָּקַע (taqa`). It appears in Psalm 150:3.
תֵּ֫קַע n.[m.] blast of horn;—cstr. ψ 150:3
ref
H8629 תֵּ֫קַע
8629 teqa` tay-kah'
from 8628; a blast of a trumpet:--sound.
see HEBREW for 08628
תֵּ֫קַע (te.qa) — blast.
sound, blast (of horn), trumpet blast
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שֹׁפָר (sho-far) refers to a horn or trumpet, specifically one used for blowing. It is derived from a root meaning to incise and is associated with producing a clear sound. The term encompasses both a cornet and a ram's horn, as noted in various lexicons.
שֹׁפָר, שׁוֹפָר 72 n.m. horn, for blowing
base
H7782 שֹׁפָר, שׁוֹפָר horn, for blowing
7782 showphar sho-far'
or shophar {sho-far'}; from 8231 in the original sense of
incising; a cornet (as giving a clear sound) or curved
horn:--cornet, trumpet.
see HEBREW for 08231
שֹׁפָר (sho.phar) — trumpet.
horn, ram's horn
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
See MUSIC.
The Hebrew word הָלַל (halal) is a primitive root that encompasses meanings related to shining, boasting, and foolishness. It can signify to praise or celebrate, often in a clamorously foolish manner, and includes the idea of making a boast or being made a fool of. The entries indicate a range of uses, from expressing God's favor to acting madly.
[הָלַל] vb. shine
Qal when it, viz. his lamp, shone upon my head, fig. of God’s favour.
Hiph. flash forth light
base
[הָלַל] vb. be boastful, Pi. praise
Qal be boastful
Pi.
praise man or woman
usually praise י׳
appar. boast, make one’s boast
Pu. be praised
Hithpa. glory, boast, make one’s boast
Po‛el make into a fool, make a fool of
Po‛al of laughter I said, It is mad (folly)
Hithpo. act madly, or like a madman
base
H1984a הָלַל shine H1984b הָלַל be boastful, Pi. praise H1984c הָלַל be boastful, Pi. praise .be boastful
. . praise man or woman
. usually praise י׳
. appar. boast, make one’s boast
. be praised
. glory, boast, make one’s boast
.make into a fool, make a fool of
.of laughter I said, It is mad (folly)
. act madly, or like a madman
1984 halal haw-lal'
a primitive root; to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of
color); to shine; hence, to make a show, to boast; and thus to
be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to celebrate;
also to stultify:--(make) boast (self), celebrate, commend,
(deal, make), fool(- ish, -ly), glory, give (light), be (make,
feign self) mad (against), give in marriage, (sing, be worthy
of) praise, rage, renowned, shine.
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to shine.
1) to shine
1a) (Qal) to shine (fig. of God's favour)
1b) (Hiphil) to flash forth light
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to boast: praise.
: praise
1) to praise, boast, be boastful
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be boastful
1a2) boastful ones, boasters (participle)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to praise
1b2) to boast, make a boast
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be praised, be made praiseworthy, be commended, be worthy of praise
1d) (Hithpael) to boast, glory, make one's boast
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to be foolish.
1) (Poel) to make a fool of, make into a fool
1f) (Hithpoel) to act madly, act like a madman
הָלַל (ha.lal) — to boast: boast.
: boast
1) to praise, boast, be boastful
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be boastful
1a2) boastful ones, boasters (participle)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to praise
1b2) to boast, make a boast
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be praised, be made praiseworthy, be commended, be worthy of praise
V-Piel-Impv-2mp | Suff — Verb piel imperative second person masculine plural · suffixHVpv2mp/Sp3ms
נֵ֫בֶל (nevel) refers to both a container and a musical instrument. It can denote a skin-bottle or jar used for liquids, as well as a harp or lute. The word is derived from a root meaning to collapse, reflecting its use for a flexible container. The entries consistently highlight these two main meanings without significant disagreement.
נֵ֫בֶל n.m.
skin-bottle, skin
jar, pitcher
base
נֵ֫בֶל, נֶ֫בֶל n.m. a musical instrument, either a portable harp, or a lute, guitar
base
H5035a נֵ֫בֶל . skin-bottle, skin
. jar, pitcher
H5035b נֵ֫בֶל, נֶ֫בֶל a musical instrument, either a portable harp, or a lute, guitar
5035 nebel neh'-bel
or nebel {nay'-bel}; from 5034; a skin-bag for liquids (from
collapsing when empty); hence, a vase (as similar in shape
when full); also a lyre (as having a body of like
form):--bottle, pitcher, psaltery, vessel, viol.
see HEBREW for 05034
נֵ֫בֶל (ne.vel) — bag.
1) a skin-bag, jar, pitcher
1a) skin-bottle, skin
1b) jar, pitcher (earthen)
נֵ֫בֶל (ne.vel) — harp.
harp, lute, guitar, musical instrument
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHR/Ncmsa
כִּנּוֹר (kinnor) refers to a lyre or harp, derived from a root meaning to twang. The term is consistently used across lexicons to denote this stringed musical instrument.
כִּנּוֹר n.m. lyre
base
H3658 כִּנּוֹר lyre
3658 kinnowr kin-nore'
from a unused root meaning to twang; a harp: -harp.
כִּנּוֹר (kin.nor) — lyre.
lyre, harp
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
harp.
See MUSIC.
Harp
(Heb. kinnor), the national instrument of the Hebrews. It was invented by Jubal (Gen. 4:21). Some think the word kinnor denotes the whole class of stringed instruments. It was used as an accompaniment to songs of cheerfulness as well as of praise to God (Gen. 31:27; 1 Sam. 16:23; 2 Chr. 20:28; Ps. 33:2; 137:2).
In Solomon’s time harps were made of almug-trees (1 Kings 10:11, 12). In 1 Chr. 15:21 mention is made of “harps on the Sheminith;” Revised Version, “harps set to the Sheminith;” better perhaps “harps…
The harp was the national instrument of the Hebrews, and was well known throughout Asia. Moses assigns its invention to Jubal during the antediluvian period. (Genesis 4:21) Josephus records that the harp had ten strings, and that it was played on with the plectrum. Sometimes it was smaller having only eight strings, and was usually played with the fingers.
Hebrew KINNOR, the most ancient and common stringed instrument of the Jews, more properly translated lyre. It was light and portable, and was used on joyful occasions, whether sacred or not. It was invented by Jubal, Ge 4:21 31:27 1Ch 16:5 25:1-5 Ps 81:2. David was a proficient in its use, 1Sa 16:16,23 18:10. The instrument most nearly resembling our harp was the Hebrew NEBEL, translated, psaltery in the Old Testament, Ps 57:8 81:2 92:3 108:2. It had a general triangular shape, and seven to twelve strings, Ps 33:2 144:9. It was played with the hand or with a short…