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Psalms 103:10 — Word Study

Depth

WLCלֹ֣א כַ֭חֲטָאֵינוּ עָ֣שָׂה לָ֑נוּ וְלֹ֥א כַ֝עֲוֹנֹתֵ֗ינוּ גָּמַ֥ל עָלֵֽינוּ׃

BSAHe has notlôʼ [according to what we deserve] dealtʻâsâh with uslôʼ our sinschêṭᵉʼ [moral failures, crimes] or repaid usgâmal [treated, rewarded] according toʻal our iniquitiesʻâvôn [evil deeds, wickedness]

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 103
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 10 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('a.Lei.nu) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 103:10quick helps
In a sentenceGod does not treat us as we deserve for our sins and iniquities.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, reflecting on God's mercy.
Where we areIn a psalm of praise, emphasizing God's compassion.
The hard wordחַטָּאֵינוּ
Take awayGod's mercy surpasses our failures.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbעָשָׂה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 103:10

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — God's Compassion and Mercygenerated

9He will not always accuse us, nor harbor His anger forever.
10He has not dealt with us according to our sins or repaid us according to our iniquities.
11For as high as the heavens are above the earth, so great is His loving devotion for those who fear Him.
12As far as the east is from the west, so far has He removed our transgressions from us.

Psalm 103:10 expresses the profound truth that God does not treat us according to our sins or repay us for our iniquities. This verse is part of a larger psalm that celebrates God's mercy and love, contrasting His grace with human shortcomings. The psalmist emphasizes that God's compassion is far greater than our failings, providing comfort and hope for those who seek Him.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 130:3If You, O LORD, kept track of iniquities, then who, O Lord, could stand?
2Ezra 9:13After all that has come upon us because of our evil deeds and our great guilt (though You, our God, have punished us less than our iniquities deserve and have given us such a remnant as this),
3Nehemiah 9:31But in Your great compassion, You did not put an end to them; nor did You forsake them, for You are a gracious and compassionate God.
4Job 11:6and disclose to you the secrets of wisdom, for true wisdom has two sides. Know then that God exacts from you less than your iniquity deserves.
5Lamentations 3:22Because of the loving devotion of the LORD we are not consumed, for His mercies never fail.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word חַטָּאֵינוּ, Kha.cha.ta.'ei.nugenerated

The word חֵטְא (chet) signifies sin, encompassing both the act of wrongdoing and the associated guilt. It originates from a root meaning 'to miss' or 'to err', indicating a deviation from the right path.

In this verse, חַטָּאֵינוּ is a construct form meaning 'our sins', linking it directly to the subject of God's dealings with us. The implications of sin in this context highlight our moral failures and the justice we deserve, which God chooses not to impose.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

In the Berean Standard Bible, the verse reads 'He has not dealt with us according to our sins or repaid us according to our iniquities.' This is consistent across other translations such as the KJV, ASV, YLT, WEB, and BBE.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb in the verse is עָשָׂה, he has done, which governs the structure. The sentence includes two adverbial phrases that clarify how God has acted: one regarding our sins and the other regarding our iniquities.

The structure emphasizes the dual negation of God's actions towards us, highlighting His mercy and the lack of retribution for our moral failings.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the Hebrew לֹא is rendered as οὐ, maintaining the negation. The Greek translation captures the essence of God's non-retributive nature.

The choice of ἀνταπέδωκεν for גָּמַל indicates a focus on the concept of recompense, aligning with the Hebrew meaning of repaying or treating someone according to their actions.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalm 103:10 tells us that God does not treat us as we deserve for our sins and iniquities. Instead, He shows us mercy and compassion, which is a central theme in this psalm. This verse reassures us of God's loving nature and His willingness to forgive.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that God has not dealt with us according to our sins?

It means that God chooses not to punish us as we deserve for our wrongdoings, showing His mercy instead.

How does this verse reflect God's character?

This verse highlights God's compassion and grace, illustrating that He is not quick to anger or retribution.

What are iniquities in this context?

Iniquities refer to moral failures or wickedness, emphasizing the seriousness of our sins.

Why is this verse important for understanding God's mercy?

It reassures believers that despite their shortcomings, God offers forgiveness and does not hold their sins against them.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways have I experienced God's mercy in my life?
  2. How can I better understand the impact of my actions and seek forgiveness?
  3. What does it mean to me that God does not repay me according to my iniquities?
  4. How can I extend the same mercy to others that God extends to me?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early Church Fathers, such as Augustine, referenced this verse to discuss God's mercy and grace in their teachings.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 103 354–430
"He has not dealt with us according to our sins" [Psalms 103:10]. Thanks unto God, because He has vouchsafed this.
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 103 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 103:10 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

He hath not dealt with us after our sins,.... God deals with his people, and deals with them roundly, for their sins, reproving them by his Spirit, and by his ministers, and by his chastising rod;

Read John Gill on Psalms 103 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

The LORD executeth righteousness and judgment for all that are oppressed.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 103 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

He hath punished us less than our iniquities have deserved, as was confessed, .

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 103 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 103:10 He hath not dealt with us after our sins; nor rewarded us according to our iniquities.Ver. 10. He hath not dealt with us after our sins] Heb. our errors, our involuntary and unavoidable infirmities. According to our iniquities] Heb. perversely committed; for of these evils also the saints are not free; but God beareth with more than small faults, especially if not scandalous.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 103 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(9, 10) This reflection naturally follows after the last quotation from Exodus.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 103 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 10. He has not dealt unity us after our sins] He has never apportioned our punishment to our sins, nor has he regulated the exercise of his mercy by our merits.

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 103 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

10. God has punished Israel less than their iniquities deserved. Cp. Ezra 9:13.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 103 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

He hath not dealt with us after our sins - All may say this, and this “is” a ground of thanksgiving and praise. It is a matter for which we should render unceasing praise that God has not done to us as our sins deserved.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 103 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

He has not dealt with us according to our sins or repaid us according to our iniquities.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

He has not dealt with us according to our sins, nor repaid us for our iniquities.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

He has not dealt with us according to our sins or repaid us according to our iniquities.

NETBNew English Translation2006

He does not deal with us as our sins deserve; he does not repay us as our misdeeds deserve.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

He hath not dealt with us after our sins; nor rewarded us according to our iniquities.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

He hath not dealt with us after our sins, Nor rewarded us after our iniquities.

RVARevised Version, American1894

He hath not dealt with us after our sins, nor rewarded us after our iniquities.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

He hath not dealt with us according to our sins; nor rewarded us according to our iniquities.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

He hath not dealt with vs after our sinnes, nor rewarded vs according to our iniquities.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

He hath not dealt with us according to our sins, nor rewarded us according to our iniquities.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Not according to our sins hath He done to us, Nor according to our iniquities Hath He conferred benefits upon us.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

He has not done to us according to our sins, || Nor according to our iniquities || Has He conferred benefits on us.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Not in accordance with our sins hath he dealt with us; nor according to our iniquities hath he requited us.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

He does not deal with us as our sins deserve or repay us for what our sins demand.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Thou sendest forth springs in the vales: between the midst of the hills the waters shall pass.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

He does not punish us for our sins as he ought to; he does not pay us back for our wrongdoing as we deserve.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

He has not given us the punishment for our sins, or the reward of our wrongdoing.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseadverbialלֹ֣אnotprepositional phrase · prepositionalכַ֭accordingnoun phraseחֲטָאֵיtoנוּour.sinsverbעָ֣שָׂהhe.has.doneprepositional phrase · prepositionalלָ֑toנוּusוְandclauseadverbialלֹ֥אnotprepositional phrase · prepositionalכַ֝accordingnoun phraseעֲוֺנֹתֵ֗יtoנוּour.iniquitiesverbגָּמַ֥לhe.has.repaidprepositional phrase · prepositionalעָלֵֽיtoנוּus

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text aligns with the Septuagint, confirming the wording and meaning of the verse. The Dead Sea Scrolls also support the text, although some words were restored by editors due to damage.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

לֹ֣א כַ֭חֲטָאֵינוּ עָ֣שָׂה לָ֑נוּ וְלֹ֥א כַ֝עֲוֹנֹתֵ֗ינוּ גָּמַ֥ל עָלֵֽינוּ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
לֹ֣אοὐכַ֭חֲטָאֵינוּἡμῶνעָ֣שָׂהἐποίησενלָ֑נוּἡμῖνוְלֹ֥אοὐδὲכַ֝עֲוֹנֹתֵ֗ינוּἡμῶνגָּמַ֥לἀνταπέδωκενעָלֵֽינוּ׃ἡμῖν

8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 2Q14a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[לוא] [כחטאי׳נו] [עשה] [ל׳נו] [ולוא] [כעונותי׳נו] [גמל] עלי׳נו

nothing on the leather here — 1 partly restored, 7 supplied entire by an editor.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q84a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

לא [כחטאי׳נו] [עשה] [ל׳נו] ולא [כעונתי׳נו] [גמל] [עלי׳נו]

2 words on the leather — 6 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 103:10לֹאnotnotלֹאחֵטְאaccording taccording to siחֵטְאעָשָׂהhe has donehe has doneעָשָׂהנוּto usto usנוּלֹאand notand notלֹאעָוֹןaccording taccording to inעָוֹןגָּמַלhe has repahe has repaidגָּמַלעַלto usto usעַלחָטָאto sinto sinחָטָאעָוָהto twistto twistעָוָהאֲבַדto destroyto destroyאֲבַדעַלheightheightעַליָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדפָּשַׁעto transgrto transgressפָּשַׁעעָוֹןiniquity: iniquity: crimeעָוֹןמְלָאכָהworkworkמְלָאכָהתּוֹעֵבַהabominatioabominationתּוֹעֵבַהפֶּ֫שַׁעtransgresstransgressionפֶּ֫שַׁעחַטָּאָהsinsinחַטָּאָהפֶּ֫רַחflowerflowerפֶּ֫רַחכִּפֶּרto atoneto atoneכִּפֶּרכִּסֵּאthronethroneכִּסֵּא
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 103:10

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

not according to sins our he has done to us and not according to iniquities our he has repaid to us
לֹ֣אlo' not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Amplified meaning
according to what we deserve
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not according to sins our he has done to us and not according to iniquities our he has repaid to us
כַ֭חֲטָאֵינוּKha.cha.ta.'ei.nu according to sins our H2399 Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
33× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Sin refers to a crime or its punishment, including guilt and offense. It is the result of missing the mark or going wrong, and can have serious consequences.
Amplified meaning
moral failures, crimes
Tyndale gloss
sin
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֵטְא (chet) refers to sin, encompassing the concepts of guilt associated with sin and the punishment that follows. It is derived from a root meaning 'to miss' or 'to err.' The term appears in various contexts in the Old Testament, highlighting both the act of sinning and its consequences.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חֵטְא n.m. sin

sin

guilt of sin

punishment for sin

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2399 חֵטְא sin . sin

. guilt of sin

. punishment for sin

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2399 chet' khate

from 2398; a crime or its penalty:--fault, X grievously,

offence, (punishment of) sin.

see HEBREW for 02398

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֵטְא (chet) — sin.

1) sin

1a) sin

1b) guilt for sin

1c) punishment for sin

Aramaic equivalent: cha.ti (חֲטָי "sin" H2408)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-mp | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HR/Ncmpc/Sp1bp
not according to sins our he has done to us and not according to iniquities our he has repaid to us
עָ֣שָׂה'A.sah he has done H6213 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
2,629× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.
Tyndale gloss
to make
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָשָׂה (asah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to do or make, encompassing a wide range of actions such as producing, preparing, and observing. It can refer to both concrete and abstract activities, including making offerings and attending to tasks. The verb also has forms indicating passive meanings, such as being made or offered. Notably, the Piel form refers to pressing or squeezing.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָשָׂה 2622 vb. do, make

Qal 2524

do (1560 t.)

deal with

oft. in phr. do kindness with

abs. act, act with effect

make (670 t.)

produce, yield

prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

make offering

attend to, put in order

observe, celebrate, religious festival

acquire property of various kinds

appoint priests

bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

use

spend, pass, days of life

Niph.

97be done

be made, of concr. things

be produced from vine

be prepared, of food

be offered

be observed, passover

be used

Pu. I was made

base

[עָשָׂה] vb. Pi. press, squeeze

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6213a עָשָׂה do, make .. . do (1560 + t.)

. deal with

. oft. in phr. do kindness with

. abs. act, act with effect

. . make (670 + t.)

. produce, yield

. prepare, esp. of dressing and cooking food

. make offering

. attend to, put in order

. observe, celebrate, religious festival

. acquire property of various kinds

. appoint priests

. bring about of י׳’s effecting a deliverance

. use

. spend, pass, days of life

. . be done

. . be made, of concr. things

. be produced from vine

. be prepared, of food

. be offered

. be observed, passover

. be used

. I was made

H6213b עָשָׂה Pi. press, squeeze

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6213 `asah aw-saw'

a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and

widest application (as follows):--accomplish, advance,

appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth,

bruise, be busy, X certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal

(with), deck, + displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in)

execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, + feast, (fight-)ing man, +

finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go

about, govern, grant, great, + hinder, hold ((a feast)), X

indeed, + be industrious, + journey, keep, labour, maintain,

make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, + officer, pare,

bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure,

provide, put, requite, X sacrifice, serve, set, shew, X sin,

spend, X surely, take, X thoroughly, trim, X very, + vex, be

(warr-)ior, work(-man), yield, use.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make: do.

: do/perform

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

1a2c) to prepare

1a2d) to make (an offering)

1a2e) to attend to, put in order

1a2f) to observe, celebrate

1a2g) to acquire (property)

1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute

1a2i) to bring about

1a2j) to use

1a2k) to spend, pass

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be done

1b2) to be made

1b3) to be produced

1b4) to be offered

1b5) to be observed

1b6) to be used

1c) (Pual) to be made

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to press.

(Piel) to press, squeeze

עָשָׂה (a.sah) — to make.

: make(OBJECT)

1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to do, work, make, produce

1a1a) to do

1a1b) to work

1a1c) to deal (with)

1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect

1a2) to make

1a2a) to make

1a2b) to produce

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVqp3ms
not according to sins our he has done to us and not according to iniquities our he has repaid to us
לָ֑נוּLa.nu to us H9035 Preposition · suffix
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נוּ (nu) — us.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person plural

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Sp1bp — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp1bp
English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

US, pronoun objective case of we.

Give us this day our daily bread.

Us , pron. [OE. us, AS. s; akin to OFries. & OS. s, D. ons, G. uns, Icel. & Sw. oss, Dan. os, Goth. uns, L. nos we, us, Gr. we, Skr. nas us. . Cf. Nostrum, Our.] The persons speaking, regarded as an object; ourselves; — the objective case of we. See We. “Tell us a tale.” Chaucer.

Give us this day our daily bread. Matt. vi. 11.

Us, pron. oblique case of we

not according to sins our he has done to us and not according to iniquities our he has repaid to us
וְלֹ֥אve.Lo' and not H3808 Conjunction · particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particle
HC/Tn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
not according to sins our he has done to us and not according to iniquities our he has repaid to us
כַ֝עֲוֹנֹתֵ֗ינוּkha.'a.vo.no.Tei.nu according to iniquities our H5771 Preposition · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
233× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means moral evil or sin, like the kind God sees in people's hearts. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Psalms. This concept is key to understanding human nature.
Amplified meaning
evil deeds, wickedness
Tyndale gloss
iniquity: crime
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָוֹן (avon) refers to iniquity, guilt, or the punishment associated with iniquity. It encompasses concepts of moral evil, such as perversity and depravity, and includes the consequences or punishment for these actions. The term appears in contexts like 2 Kings 7:9 and Psalm 51:5, highlighting its significance in discussions of sin and guilt.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָוֹן n.m. iniquity, guilt, or punishment of iniquity

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5771 עָוֹן iniquity, guilt, or punishment of iniquity

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5771 `avon aw-vone'

or oavown (2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:5 (7)) {aw-vone'}; from

5753; perversity, i.e. (moral) evil:--fault, iniquity,

mischeif, punishment (of iniquity), sin.

see HEBREW for 07

see HEBREW for 05753

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָוֺן (a.van) — iniquity: crime.

: crime

1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity

1a) iniquity

1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)

1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity

עָוֺן (a.van) — iniquity: guilt.

: guilt

1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity

1a) iniquity

1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)

1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity

עָוֺן (a.van) — iniquity: punishment.

: punishment

1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity

1a) iniquity

1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)

1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-cp | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
HR/Ncfpc/Sp1bp
not according to sins our he has done to us and not according to iniquities our he has repaid to us
גָּמַ֥לga.Mal he has repaid H1580 Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
37× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to wean a child or to treat someone well or poorly. It can also mean to ripen or bear fruit, and is translated as bestow, recompense, or requite in the KJV.
Amplified meaning
treated, rewarded
Tyndale gloss
to wean
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גָּמַל (gamal) is a Hebrew root meaning to deal fully or adequately with someone, which includes concepts like recompensing or rewarding. It also specifically refers to weaning a child and can denote the ripening of fruit, particularly almonds. The entries consistently highlight these meanings without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גָּמַל vb. 1. deal fully or adequately with, deal out to. 2. wean. 3. ripen

Qal

deal out to, do to

deal bountifully with

recompense, repay, requite

wean a child (complete his nursing)

trans. ripen, bear ripe (almonds)

Niph. be weaned

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1580 גָּמַל 1. deal fully or adequately with, deal out to. 2. wean. 3. ripen

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1580 gamal gaw-mal'

a primitive root; to treat a person (well or ill), i.e.

benefit or requite; by implication (of toil), to ripen, i.e.

(specifically) to wean:--bestow on, deal bountifully, do

(good), recompense, requite, reward, ripen, + serve, mean,

yield.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גָּמַל (ga.mal) — to wean.

1) to deal fully with, recompense

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to deal out to, do to

1a2) to deal bountifully with

1a3) to recompense, repay, requite

2) (Qal) to wean a child (Niphal) to be weaned

3) (Qal) to ripen, bear ripe (almonds)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singular
HVqp3ms
not according to sins our he has done to us and not according to iniquities our he has repaid to us
עָלֵֽינוּ׃'a.Lei.nu to us H5921 Preposition · suffix
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | Suff — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp1bp
English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

US, pronoun objective case of we.

Give us this day our daily bread.

Us , pron. [OE. us, AS. s; akin to OFries. & OS. s, D. ons, G. uns, Icel. & Sw. oss, Dan. os, Goth. uns, L. nos we, us, Gr. we, Skr. nas us. . Cf. Nostrum, Our.] The persons speaking, regarded as an object; ourselves; — the objective case of we. See We. “Tell us a tale.” Chaucer.

Give us this day our daily bread. Matt. vi. 11.

Us, pron. oblique case of we

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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