Psalms 10:2 — Word Study
WLCבְּגַאֲוַ֣ת רָ֭שָׁע יִדְלַ֣ק עָנִ֑י יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ׀ בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת ז֣וּ חָשָֽׁבוּ׃
BSAIn pridegaʼăvâh [haughty, arrogant, exalting oneself, self-importance] the wickedrâshâʻ [morally wrong, guilty of sin] pursuedâlaq▸ [hotly chase, persecute] the needyʻânîy [afflicted, humble, weak] let them be caughttâphas▸ [seized, trapped] in the schemesmᵉzimmâh [plots, devices] they devisechâshab■ [plan, contrive, imagine]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| בְּגַאֲוַ֣ת | in [the] pride of | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct |
| רָ֭שָׁע | [the] wicked | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| יִדְלַ֣ק | he hotly pursues | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| עָנִ֑י | [the] afflicted | Adj |
| יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ׀ | they are caught | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת | by schemes | Preposition, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| ז֣וּ | which | Particle |
| חָשָֽׁבוּ׃ | they have planned | Verb, Qal, perfect third person common plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | In pride the wicked pursue the needy; let them be caught in the schemes they devise. |
| KJV | The wicked in his pride doth persecute the poor: let them be taken in the devices that they have imagined. |
| ASV | In the pride of the wicked the poor is hotly pursued; Let them be taken in the devices that they have conceived. |
| YLT | Through the pride of the wicked, Is the poor inflamed, They are caught in devices that they devised. |
| WEB | In arrogance, the wicked hunt down the weak. They are caught in the schemes that they devise. |
| BBE | The evil-doer in his pride is cruel to the poor; let him be taken by the tricks of his invention. |
Where they part company is עָנִי — see How Translations Differ.
One main clause with two subordinate phrases describing the actions and consequences.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbדָּלַק
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 10:2
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Lament Over the Wickedgenerated
Psalm 10:2 reflects a deep concern for the plight of the needy as they are pursued by the wicked. The psalmist questions God’s apparent absence during times of trouble, highlighting the arrogance of the wicked who exploit the vulnerable. This verse captures the tension between divine justice and human injustice, as seen throughout the psalm.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 31:18 | May lying lips be silenced— lips that speak with arrogance against the righteous, full of pride and contempt. |
| 2 | Psalm 36:11 | Let not the foot of the proud come against me, nor the hand of the wicked drive me away. |
| 3 | Psalm 59:12 | By the sins of their mouths and the words of their lips, let them be trapped in their pride, in the curses and lies they utter. |
| 4 | Psalm 119:5–69 | Oh, that my ways were committed to keeping Your statutes! |
| 5 | Psalm 140:5 | The proud hide a snare for me; the cords of their net are spread along the path, and lures are set out for me. Selah |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 13 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — גָּאֲוָה, ga'awahgenerated
The Hebrew word גָּאֲוָה (ga'awah) is a noun that conveys the idea of pride or arrogance. It describes a state of being that is impressive or haughty, often associated with self-exaltation. The parsing indicates it is a feminine singular construct, suggesting a specific pride that is directed towards oneself.
This pride is not merely a feeling but an active stance that leads to morally wrong actions, particularly against the needy. The usage of this term in the Old Testament often reflects a negative connotation, as it is linked to actions that oppress others.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible as 'In pride the wicked pursue the needy; let them be caught in the schemes they devise.' The translations agree on the essence of the verse, emphasizing the wicked's pride and their pursuit of the needy.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is יִדְלַ֣ק (yid.Lak), meaning 'he hotly pursues.' The structure follows a pattern where the subject (the wicked) is described by their actions (pursuing the needy) and the consequences of those actions (being caught in their schemes).
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the pride of the wicked at the beginning, setting the tone for their actions and the subsequent consequences.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew גָּאֲוָה is rendered as ἐν (en), which indicates a focus on the state of being in pride. This choice simplifies the concept of pride, potentially losing some of the nuance of arrogance inherent in the Hebrew.
The Greek translation reflects a more straightforward approach to the text, emphasizing the actions of the wicked without the depth of pride's implications.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 10:2 describes how the wicked pursue the needy with pride. The psalmist expresses a desire for the wicked to be caught in their own schemes, highlighting the injustice faced by the vulnerable.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
This indicates that the wicked act with arrogance and self-importance, believing they can exploit the vulnerable without consequence.
The schemes refer to the plans and plots that the wicked devise to harm the needy, reflecting their malicious intent.
It highlights the tension between the apparent success of the wicked and the eventual justice that will come, as the psalmist calls for divine intervention.
Pride leads to moral corruption and the oppression of others, as seen in the actions of the wicked against the needy.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see pride manifesting in my own life or in society?
- How can I support those who are vulnerable and in need, as described in this verse?
- What are some schemes I have seen that reflect the wickedness mentioned in this psalm?
- How does this verse challenge me to reflect on my own actions and attitudes towards others?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Augustine of Hippo comments on this verse, discussing the nature of inquiry and understanding in the context of divine justice.
Then he who thus inquired, as if all on a sudden he understood, or as if he asked, though he knew, that he might teach, adds, "You despise in due seasons, in tribulations:" that is, You despise seasonably,Early Church Fathers on Psalms 10 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 10:2 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThe wicked in [his] pride doth persecute the poor,.... The "poor" is the good and gracious man, who is commonly poor in this world's things, and is sensibly poor in spirit, or sensible of his
Read John Gill on Psalms 10 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThe wicked in his pride doth persecute the poor: let them be taken in the devices that they have imagined. The wicked in his pride doth persecute the poor.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 10 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleIn his pride; through pride of heart; which makes him forget God, , and despise the poor, and oppress others, either because they oppose or dislike his wicked courses, or that he may have more fuel for his pride or ambition. Or, in his exaltation. This is the use that he makes of that power and authority to which thou hast advanced him, to persecute those whom he should protect and cherish. He seems to point at Saul or his courtiers. Doth persecute with great fervency and burning fury, as the word signifies. The poor, to wit, me, who am through their tyranny poor, and destitute, and miserable, and therefore the more proper object for thy compassion, and others who favour my righteous cause.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 10 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 10:2 The wicked in [his] pride doth persecute the poor: let them be taken in the devices that they have imagined.Ver. 2. The wicked in his pride doth persecute, &c.] Heb. hotly pursueth (εμπυριζεται. Chrysost.), and that out of his pride, the true cause of persecution, whatever else is pretended. And this is fitly here alleged, and urged as an argument to move God to make haste. See Deuteronomy 32:27 : The saints fare the better for the insolence and outrage of their enemies, whose ruin is thereby accelerated, and somewhat God will do the sooner for his people, lest the enemy exalt himself, Psalms 140:8, and say, Our hand is high, the Lord hath not done this. Let them be taken in the…
Read John Trapp on Psalms 10 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(2) The wicked.—Better, in the pride of the wicked, the sufferer burns. (So LXX., Aquila, Symmachus, and Vulg.) Not to be taken of indignation felt by the sufferers, but literally of the afflictions they endure. The Authorised Version rendering of the next clause takes the wicked as the subject of the verb; but it preserves the parallelism better, and is more in accordance with the rest of the psalm (Psalms 10:8-10), to understand it of the “humble,” the singular changing to the plural in the subject when supplied: “they (the sufferers) are taken (the verb is in the present) in the plot which they (the wicked) have devised.”
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 10 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 2. The wicked in his pride] On no principle of nature or reason can we account for a wicked man persecuting a humble follower of God because of his religion. The devil hates godliness; and the wicked man hates it also, because the devil is in his heart.
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 10 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges2. The general sense of the first clause is that given by R.V.: In the pride of the wicked the poor is hotly pursued; or possibly, is consumed, by fear, anxiety, and distress. In the second clause there is a double ambiguity. The verb taken may be rendered as a wish or as a statement of fact; and its subject may be the ‘wicked’ or the ‘poor.’ Hence either, as A.V., let them (the wicked) be taken in the devices that they have imagined: or, as LXX, Vulg., R.V. marg.: they (the poor) are taken in the devices that they (the wicked) have imagined. With the first rendering comp. Psalms 7:15-16, Psalms 9:16 : but the second is on the whole preferable. It gives a good parallelism to the first line…
Read Cambridge on Psalms 10 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe wicked in his pride - Margin: “In the pride of the wicked he doth.” The margin is a literal translation of the Hebrew; but the sense is the same.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 10 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
In pride the wicked pursue the needy; let them be caught in the schemes they devise.
In arrogance, the wicked hunt down the weak. They are caught in the schemes that they devise.
In pride the wicked pursue the needy; let them be caught in the schemes they devise.
The wicked arrogantly chase the oppressed; the oppressed are trapped by the schemes the wicked have dreamed up.
Tyndale line
The wicked in his pride doth persecute the poor: let them be taken in the devices that they have imagined.
In the pride of the wicked the poor is hotly pursued; Let them be taken in the devices that they have conceived.
In the pride of the wicked the poor is hotly pursued; let them be taken in the devices that they have imagined.
The wicked in his pride doth persecute the poor: let them be taken in the devices that they have imagined.
The wicked with pride doeth persecute the poore: let them be taken in the craftes that they haue imagined.
Strictly literal
The wicked, in his pride, doth hotly pursue the afflicted. They shall be taken in the devices that they have imagined.
Through the pride of the wicked, Is the poor inflamed, They are caught in devices that they devised.
Through the pride of the wicked, || Is the poor inflamed, || They are caught in schemes that they devised.
In the pride of the wicked doth he hotly pursue the poor: they are seized through the plans that those have devised.
Because of their arrogance, wicked people chase the oppressed; but please let the wicked be trapped by their own schemes that they have devised.
From the Latin
In the Lord I put my trust: how then do you say to my soul: Get thee away from hence to the mountain like a sparrow?
Simplified
The wicked chase down the poor with impunity. May they be trapped by the evil schemes they themselves invented.
The evil-doer in his pride is cruel to the poor; let him be taken by the tricks of his invention.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is preserved in the Septuagint with six of the eight words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls show two words intact, with some restoration, indicating a close alignment with the Masoretic Text despite minor variations.
בְּגַאֲוַ֣ת רָ֭שָׁע יִדְלַ֣ק עָנִ֑י יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ׀ בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת ז֣וּ חָשָֽׁבוּ׃
6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[בגאות] [רשע] [ידלק] עני יתפשו [במזמות] [זו] חש
2 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 10:2
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
גַּאֲוָה (ga'avah) refers to concepts of majesty and pride, encompassing meanings like arrogance and haughtiness. It can also denote a physical rising or swelling, such as that of the sea. The word is built from the root associated with elevation, and its usage in the Old Testament reflects these themes of pride and exaltation.
גַּאֲוָה n.f. majesty, pride
rising up, swelling of the sea
majesty
pride, haughtiness
base
H1346 גַּאֲוָה majesty, pride
1346 ga`avah gah-av-aw'
from 1342; arrogance or majesty; by implication, (concretely)
ornament:--excellency, haughtiness, highness, pride, proudly,
swelling.
see HEBREW for 01342
גַּאֲוָה (ga.a.vah) — pride.
1) pride, majesty, a rising up
1a) a rising up, swelling (of the sea)
1b) majesty (of Israel)
1c) pride, haughtiness
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular constructHR/Ncfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to someone who is wicked or criminal, encompassing meanings such as guilty and ungodly. It is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing. The term is used to describe individuals who are hostile to God or guilty of sin against others.
רָשָׁע 263 adj. wicked, criminal
base
H7563 רָשָׁע wicked, criminal
7563 rasha` raw-shaw'
from 7561; morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad
person:--+ condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did
wrong.
see HEBREW for 07561
רָשָׁע (ra.sah) — wicked.
1) wicked, criminal
1a) guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)
1b) wicked (hostile to God)
1c) wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)
Adj — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
דָּלַק (dalaq) is a Hebrew verb meaning to burn or to hotly pursue. It encompasses actions like burning, kindling, and inflaming, as well as the idea of chasing something fervently. The entries indicate its use in both literal and figurative contexts, but do not provide specific Old Testament references.
[דָּלַק] vb. burn (intrans.), hotly pursue
Qal
burn
hotly pursue
Hiph. inflame
base
H1814 [דָּלַק] burn (intrans.), hotly pursue
1814 dalaq daw-lak'
a primitive root; to flame (literally or
figuratively):--burning, chase, inflame, kindle,
persecute(-or), pursue hotly.
דָּלַק (da.laq) — to burn/pursue.
1) to burn, hotly pursue
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to burn
1a2) to hotly pursue
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to kindle
1b2) to inflame
Aramaic equivalent: de.laq (דְּלַק "to burn" H1815)
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
עָנִי (aniy) describes a state of being poor, afflicted, or humble. It is built from the root meaning to be depressed in mind or circumstances. The entries indicate it covers a range of meanings including needy, lowly, and wretched. There is a noted disagreement regarding its relationship to another word, עָנָה (anah), with some lexicons viewing one as subjective and the other as objective.
עָנִי adj. poor, afflicted, humble
base
H6041 עָנִי poor, afflicted, humble
6041 `aniy aw-nee'
from 6031; depressed, in mind or circumstances (practically
the same as 6035, although the margin constantly disputes
this, making 6035 subjective and 6041 objective):--afflicted,
humble, lowly, needy, poor.
see HEBREW for 06031
see HEBREW for 06035
see HEBREW for 06035
see HEBREW for 06041
עָנִי (a.ni) — afflicted.
1) poor, afflicted, humble, wretched
1a) poor, needy
1b) poor and weak
1c) poor, weak, afflicted, wretched
1d) humble, lowly
Adj — AdjHAamsa
→ DUTY TO THE Job 6:14; 22:29; Isa 58:6,7,10; Mt 25:34-45; Lu 10:30-37; Php 2:1,2; 1Ti 5:10; Jas 5:13-15
תָּפַשׂ (taphas) is a Hebrew verb meaning to lay hold of or seize. It encompasses actions like capturing, wielding, and handling, with nuances in different forms such as being seized or caught. The entries suggest a range of physical and figurative uses, including the idea of manipulation or unwarranted use.
תָּפַשׂ vb. lay hold of, wield
Qal
lay hold of, seize
grasp in order to wield, wield, use skilfully
Niph. be seized, arrested, caught
Pi. a lizard thou mayest grasp with the hands
base
H8610 תָּפַשׂ lay hold of, wield
8610 taphas taw-fas'
a primitive root; to manipulate, i.e. seize; chiefly to
capture, wield, specifically, to overlay; figuratively, to use
unwarrantably:--catch, handle, (lay, take) hold (on, over),
stop, X surely, surprise, take.
תָּפַשׂ (ta.pha.s) — to capture.
1) to catch, handle, lay hold, take hold of, seize, wield
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lay hold of, seize, arrest, catch
1a2) to grasp (in order to) wield, wield, use skilfully
1b) (Niphal) to be seized, be arrested, be caught, be taken, captured
1c) (Piel) to catch, grasp (with the hands)
V-Niphal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVNi3mp
מְזִמָּה (mzimmah) refers to a plan or device, often with a connotation of evil intent. It can denote purpose, discretion, or plot, and may describe both wicked and wise schemes. The term is derived from a root meaning to plan and is used in contexts that highlight both malicious and clever intentions.
מְזִמָּה n.f. purpose, discretion, device
base
H4209 מְזִמָּה purpose, discretion, device
4209 mzimmah mez-im-maw'
from 2161; a plan, usually evil (machination), sometimes good
(sagacity):--(wicked) device, discretion, intent, witty
invention, lewdness, mischievous (device), thought, wickedly.
see HEBREW for 02161
מְזִמָּה (me.zim.mah) — plot.
1) purpose, discretion, device, plot
1a) purpose
1b) discretion
1c) devices (evil)
Prep | N-fp — Preposition · noun common feminine plural absoluteHR/Ncfpa
זוּ (zuw) is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that,' and can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'whom.' It is indeclinable and primarily found in poetic contexts, as noted in the Brown-Driver-Briggs entry.
זוּ pron. (poet.), indeclinable.
a demonstr. this
a relative which
base
H2098 זוּ pron. (poet.), indeclinable. . a demonstr. this
. a relative which
2098 zuw zoo
for 2088; this or that:--that, this, X wherein, which, whom.
see HEBREW for 02088
זוּ (zu) — this.
demons pron
1) this, such rel pron
2) (of) which, (of) whom
HTr — ParticleHTr
The Hebrew word חָשַׁב (chashab) is a primitive root meaning to think, account, or devise. It encompasses a range of actions including planning, valuing, and inventing, both for humans and in relation to God. The entries indicate various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hithpael, each reflecting different nuances of thought and consideration.
חָשַׁב vb. think, account
Qal
of man:
think, account
devise, plan, mean
charge, impute
esteem, value, regard
invent ingenious and artistic things
of God:
think
devise, plan, mean
inpute, reckon
esteem, value, regard
invent ingenious and artistic things
Niph.
be accounted, thought, esteemed
be computed, reckoned
be imputed to any one
Pi.
think upon, consider, be mindful of
think to do, devise, plan
count, reckon, the years since a sale of land
Hithp. among the nations it shall not reckon itself
base
H2803 חָשַׁב think, account .. of man: . think, account
. devise, plan, mean
. charge, impute
. esteem, value, regard
. invent ingenious and artistic things
. of God: . think
. devise, plan, mean
. inpute, reckon
. esteem, value, regard
. invent ingenious and artistic things
. . be accounted, thought, esteemed
. be computed, reckoned
. be imputed to any one
. . think upon, consider, be mindful of
. think to do, devise, plan
. count, reckon, the years since a sale of land
. among the nations it shall not reckon itself
2803 chashab khaw-shab'
a primitive root; properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e.
(literally) to weave or (gen.) to fabricate; figuratively, to
plot or contrive (usually in a malicious sense); hence (from
the mental effort) to think, regard, value, compute:--(make)
account (of), conceive, consider, count, cunning (man, work,
workman), devise, esteem, find out, forecast, hold, imagine,
impute, invent, be like, mean, purpose, reckon(-ing be made),
regard, think.
חָשַׁב (cha.shav) — to devise: design.
: design/skillful
1) to think, plan, esteem, calculate, invent, make a judgment, imagine, count
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to think, account
1a2) to plan, devise, mean
1a3) to charge, impute, reckon
1a4) to esteem, value, regard
1a5) to invent
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be accounted, be thought, be esteemed
1b2) to be computed, be reckoned
1b3) to be imputed
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to think upon, consider, be mindful of
1c2) to think to do, devise, plan
1c3) to count, reckon
1d) (Hithpael) to be considered
חָשַׁב (cha.shav) — to devise: count.
: count/regard_as
1) to think, plan, esteem, calculate, invent, make a judgment, imagine, count
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to think, account
1a2) to plan, devise, mean
1a3) to charge, impute, reckon
1a4) to esteem, value, regard
1a5) to invent
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be accounted, be thought, be esteemed
1b2) to be computed, be reckoned
1b3) to be imputed
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common pluralHVqp3cp