Proverbs 15:16 — Word Study
WLCטוֹב־ מְ֭עַט בְּיִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה מֵאוֹצָ֥ר רָ֝֗ב וּמְה֥וּמָה בֽוֹ׃
BSABetterṭôwb [more desirable, preferable] a littlemᵉʻaṭ [a small amount, limited resources] with the fearyirʼâh [reverence, awe] of the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, the covenant God] than greatrab [abundant, plentiful] treasureʼôwtsâr [wealth, riches] with turmoilmᵉhûwmâh [trouble, tumult, confusion]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| טוֹב־ | [is] good | Adj |
| מְ֭עַט | a little | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| בְּיִרְאַ֣ת | with [the] fear of | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct |
| יְהוָ֑ה | Yahweh | Noun proper |
| מֵאוֹצָ֥ר | more than treasure | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| רָ֝֗ב | great | Adj |
| וּמְה֥וּמָה | and turmoil | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| בֽוֹ׃ | with it | Preposition, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Better a little with the fear of the LORD than great treasure with turmoil. |
| KJV | Better is little with the fear of the LORD than great treasure and trouble therewith. |
| ASV | Better is little, with the fear of Jehovah, Than great treasure and trouble therewith. |
| YLT | Better [is] a little with the fear of Jehovah, Than much treasure, and tumult with it. |
| WEB | Better is little, with the fear of Yahweh, than great treasure with trouble. |
| BBE | Better is a little with the fear of the Lord, than great wealth together with trouble. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of מְעַט — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause followed by a comparative phrase, clearly contrasting two states of existence.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 15:16
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Wisdom on Wealth and Reverencegenerated
Proverbs 15:16 contrasts the value of a humble life lived in the fear of the Lord with the troubles that accompany great wealth. The surrounding verses emphasize the importance of a cheerful heart and love over material abundance, illustrating a consistent theme in Proverbs that true contentment comes from spiritual well-being rather than physical riches.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Proverbs 16:8 | Better a little with righteousness than great gain with injustice. |
| 2 | Proverbs 28:6 | Better a poor man who walks with integrity than a rich man whose ways are perverse. |
| 3 | Psalm 37:16 | Better is the little of the righteous than the abundance of many who are wicked. |
| 4 | 1 Timothy 6:6 | Of course, godliness with contentment is great gain. |
| 5 | Proverbs 10:22 | The blessing of the LORD enriches, and He adds no sorrow to it. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — טוֹב, tov-generated
The word טוֹב (tov) is an adjective meaning good or pleasant, indicating something beneficial or pleasing. It can refer to moral goodness, welfare, or happiness, and is used frequently throughout the scriptures to describe favorable conditions or actions.
In this verse, it highlights that a little, when accompanied by the fear of the Lord, is preferable to abundant wealth. The parsing as an adjective indicates its role in describing the state of the subject, which is a little with reverence.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause is governed by the finite verb טוֹב, [is] good, which serves as the predicate. This is followed by a noun phrase indicating what is good, and two prepositional phrases that describe the conditions of the good state.
The structure emphasizes the comparison between the little with the fear of the Lord and the great treasure with turmoil, highlighting the contrast in outcomes based on the presence or absence of reverence.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates טוֹב as κρείσσων, meaning 'better' or 'superior,' which aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning of preference for a lesser amount with reverence.
The choice of μικρὰ for מְעַט indicates a direct correspondence that maintains the original sense of smallness, while the overall structure reflects a similar comparative emphasis.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 15:16 teaches that it is better to have a little while living in reverence of the Lord than to possess great wealth that brings trouble. This verse encourages valuing spiritual wealth and a good heart over material possessions.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Fearing the Lord involves having a deep respect and reverence for God, recognizing His authority and holiness, and living in a way that honors Him.
A little with the fear of the Lord brings peace and contentment, while great treasure can lead to turmoil and anxiety, as it may come with responsibilities and worries.
You can cultivate a fear of the Lord by studying His Word, praying, and seeking to live according to His will, which fosters a deeper understanding of His nature.
Turmoil that can accompany wealth includes stress from managing finances, conflicts over possessions, and the pressure to maintain a certain lifestyle.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see the fear of the Lord influencing my daily decisions?
- How can I practice contentment with what I have while maintaining a focus on spiritual growth?
- What steps can I take to ensure that my pursuit of wealth does not lead to turmoil in my life?
- How does this proverb challenge my views on material possessions and their importance?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early interpretations of this proverb highlight its moral lessons on valuing spiritual wealth over material riches, as seen in Bede's commentary.
Better is a little with the fear of the Lord, etc. As it is in the psalm: Better is a little that the righteous person has than the riches of many wicked (Ps. XXXVI).Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 15 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 15:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBetter [is] little with the fear of the Lord than great treasure and trouble therewith.
Read John Gill on Proverbs 15 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBetter is little with the fear of the LORD than great treasure and trouble therewith. Better (is) little with fear of the Lord, than great treasure, and trouble therewith - the usual accompaniment of "great treasure" (cf.
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 15 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe fear of the Lord, which gives a man tranquillity and comfort in what he hath. Trouble; tumultuous lusts and passions, vexatious cares and fears, horrors of conscience, and expectation of God’ s curse and judgment, which riches gotten without God’ s fear do commonly produce.
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 15 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 15:16 Better [is] little with the fear of the LORD than great treasure and trouble therewith.Ver. 16. Better is a little with the fear of the Lord.] This is one special consideration that keeps up the good heart in continual comfort. Contented godliness is great riches; Misera est magni custodia census. Great treasures bring great troubles. It is not the great cage that makes the bird sing. It is not the great estate that brings alway the inward joy, the cordial contentment. The little lark with a wing sees further than the ox with a bigger eye but without a wing. Birds use not to sing when they are on the ground, but when got into the air, or upon the top of trees. If saints be…
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 15 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(16) Trouble.—The “disquiet” (Psalms 39:6) which attends the pursuit and care of riches, in contrast to the “peace which they have who love God’s law. (Psalms 119:165.)
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 15 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 16. Better is little with the fear of the Lord] Because where the fear of God is, there are moderation and contentment of spirit.
Read AdamClarke on Proverbs 15 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThis proverb has its completion in the teaching of Mat 6:33.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 15 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible16. Trouble — Torment, confusion. It refers to that anxiety, vexation, and solicitude which usually accompany the possession of riches. Piety with little is better than wealth with trouble. Psalms 39:6; Matthew 6:33.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Proverbs 15 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Better a little with the fear of the LORD than great treasure with turmoil.
Better is little, with the fear of Yahweh, than great treasure with trouble.
Better a little with the fear of the LORD than great treasure with turmoil.
Better is little with the fear of the Lord than great wealth and turmoil with it.
Tyndale line
Better is little with the fear of the LORD than great treasure and trouble therewith.
Better is little, with the fear of Jehovah, Than great treasure and trouble therewith.
Better is little with the fear of the LORD, than great treasure and trouble therewith.
Better is little with the fear of the LORD, than great treasure and trouble with it.
Better is a litle with the feare of the Lord, then great treasure, and trouble therewith.
Strictly literal
Better is little with the fear of Jehovah than great store and disquietude therewith.
Better [is] a little with the fear of Jehovah, Than much treasure, and tumult with it.
Better [is] a little with the fear of YHWH, || Than much treasure, and tumult with it.
Better is little with the fear of the Lord, than great treasure and confusion therewith.
Better is little with the fear of Yahweh than great treasure with confusion.
From the Latin
Better is a little with the fear of the Lord, than great treasures without content,
Simplified
It's better to respect the Lord and only have a little than to have plenty of money and the trouble that comes with it.
Better is a little with the fear of the Lord, than great wealth together with trouble.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states, "Better a little with the fear of the LORD than great treasure with turmoil." The Septuagint, while not providing a direct translation, aligns with the general sentiment of the verse but does not match the wording closely; it has a different structure and word order. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional evidence for this particular verse, so the primary comparison is between the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint, which shows a general agreement in meaning but a notable difference in phrasing.
טוֹב־ מְ֭עַט בְּיִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה מֵאוֹצָ֥ר רָ֝֗ב וּמְה֥וּמָה בֽוֹ׃
6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 15:16
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
טוֹב (tov) is a Hebrew word meaning good or pleasant, encompassing a wide range of meanings from agreeable to the senses to ethical goodness. It can function as an adjective, noun, or adverb, referring to things like welfare, happiness, and prosperity. The feminine form, טוֹבָה (tovah), specifically denotes welfare or good things.
טוֹב adj. pleasant, agreeable, good
pleasant, agreeable to the senses
pleasant to the higher nature, giving pleasure, happiness, prosperity, and so agreeable, pleasing, well
good, excellent, of its kind
good, rich, valuable in estimation
good, appropriate, becoming
c. מִן compar. = better
of man's sensuous nature, glad, happy, prosperous
of man's intellectual nature, good understanding
good, kind, benign
good (ethical), right
base
טוֹב n.m. a good thing, benefit, welfare
welfare, prosperity, happiness
good things
good = benefit
moral good
base
טוֹבָה n.f. welfare, benefit, good things, good
welfare, prosperity, happiness
good things
bounty, good
base
H2896a טוֹב pleasant, agreeable, good . pleasant, agreeable to the senses
. pleasant to the higher nature, giving pleasure, happiness, prosperity, and so agreeable, pleasing, well
. good, excellent, of its kind
. good, rich, valuable in estimation
. good, appropriate, becoming
. c. מִן compar. =better
. of man's sensuous nature, glad, happy, prosperous
. of man's intellectual nature, good understanding
. good, kind, benign
. good (ethical), right
H2896b טוֹב a good thing, benefit, welfare H2896c טוֹבָה welfare, benefit, good things, good
2896 towb tobe
from 2895; good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used
likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine,
the singular and the plural (good, a good or good thing, a
good man or woman; the good, goods or good things, good men or
women), also as an adverb (well):--beautiful, best, better,
bountiful, cheerful, at ease, X fair (word), (be in) favour,
fine, glad, good (deed, -lier, -liest, -ly, -ness, -s),
graciously, joyful, kindly, kindness, liketh (best), loving,
merry, X most, pleasant, + pleaseth, pleasure, precious,
prosperity, ready, sweet, wealth, welfare, (be) well
((-favoured)).
see HEBREW for 02895
טוֹב (tov) — pleasant.
adj
1) good, pleasant, agreeable
1a) pleasant, agreeable (to the senses)
1b) pleasant (to the higher nature)
1c) good, excellent (of its kind)
1d) good, rich, valuable in estimation
1e) good, appropriate, becoming
1f) better (comparative)
1g) glad, happy, prosperous (of man's sensuous nature)
1h) good understanding (of man's intellectual nature)
1i) good, kind, benign
1j) good, right (ethical)
Aramaic equivalent: tav (טָב "fine" H2869)
טוֹב (tov) — good.
1) a good thing, benefit, welfare
1a) welfare, prosperity, happiness
1b) good things (collective)
1c) good, benefit
1d) moral good
טוֹבָה (to.vah) — welfare.
1) welfare, benefit, good things
1a) welfare, prosperity, happiness
1b) good things (collective)
1c) bounty
Adj — AdjHAamsa
good (Tobh, Tubh, yaTabh; agathos, agathon, kalos, kalon): In English "good" is used in various senses, most of which are represented in the Bible.
(1) In the Old Testament the commonest word is Tobh, occurring very frequently and translated in a great variety of ways. Of the different shades of meaning, which frequently run into each other, the following may be distinguished:
(a) Possessing desirable qualities, beneficial, agreeable, e.g. "good for food" (Ge 2:9); "We will do thee good" (Nu 10:29); Who will show us any good?" (Ps 4:6); "good tidings of good" (Isa 52:7).
מְעַט (m`at) refers to something that is small in quantity or degree, encompassing meanings like 'a little' or 'few.' It can be used adverbially to indicate a small amount or to describe something as almost or hardly. The term is derived from a root meaning 'to be small' and is associated with concepts of littleness and fewness.
מְעַט 101 subst. a little, fewness, a few
base
H4592 מְעַט a little, fewness, a few
4592 m`at meh-at'
or miat {meh-awt'}; from 4591; a little or few (often
adverbial or compar.):--almost (some, very) few(-er, -est),
lightly, little (while), (very) small (matter, thing), some,
soon, X very.
see HEBREW for 04591
מְעַט (me.at) — little.
1) littleness, few, a little, fewness
1a) little, small, littleness, fewness, too little, yet a little
1b) like a little, within a little, almost, just, hardly, shortly, little worth
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
יִרְאָה (yir'ah) is a feminine noun meaning 'fear' or 'terror,' encompassing both the emotion and the concept of reverence, particularly in relation to God. It can denote an object that causes fear or the respect and piety associated with divine authority. The entries highlight its moral and emotional dimensions without significant disagreement.
יִרְאָה n.f. fear
fear, terror
a terror = obj. of terror
fear of God, reverence, piety
the fear of י׳ the law as revered.
base
H3374 יִרְאָה fear
3374 yir'ah yir-aw'
feminine of 3373; fear (also used as infinitive); morally,
reverence:--X dreadful, X exceedingly, fear(-fulness).
see HEBREW for 03373
יִרְאָה (yir.ah) — fear.
1) fear, terror, fearing
1a) fear, terror
1b) awesome or terrifying thing (object causing fear)
1c) fear (of God), respect, reverence, piety
1d) revered
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular constructHR/Ncfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
N-proper — Noun properHNpt
The Hebrew word אוֹצָר (o-tsar) means 'treasure' or 'storehouse.' It encompasses various types of treasures, including valuable items like gold and silver, as well as supplies of food or drink. The term can also refer to a treasury or a depository for weapons, indicating a broader range of meanings related to storage and value.
אוֹצָר n.m. treasure, store, treasury, storehouse
base
H214 אוֹצָר treasure, store, treasury, storehouse
214 'owtsar o-tsaw'
from 686; a depository:--armory, cellar, garner,
store(-house), treasure(-house) (-y).
see HEBREW for 0686
אוֹצָר (o.tsar) — treasure.
1) treasure, storehouse
1a) treasure (gold, silver, etc)
1b) store, supplies of food or drink
1c) treasure-house, treasury
1c1) treasure-house
1c2) storehouse, magazine
1c3) treasury
1c4) magazine of weapons (fig. of God's armoury)
1c5) storehouses (of God for rain, snow, hail, wind, sea)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHR/Ncmsa
רַב (rav) means much, many, or great, often used in contrast to מְעַט (me'at). It can describe abundance in quantity or rank and is also used as a noun for chief or captain. The word conveys a range of meanings from numerous to exceedingly, and it can function as both an adjective and a noun.
רַב 429 adj. much, many, great
(oft. opp. מְעַט)
much: of substances
esp. of collectives, numerous
pl. many
רַב as subst. coll. pers.
cstr. = abounding in
מִן comp. = more numerous than
רַב = abundant, enough
as adv. much, exceedingly
less oft. great
base
רַב 49 n.m. chief
base
H7227a רַב much, many, great . (oft. opp. מְעַט) . . much: of substances
. esp. of collectives, numerous
. pl. many
. רַב as subst. coll. pers.
. cstr. = abounding in
. + מִן comp. = more numerous than
. רַב = abundant, enough
. as adv. much, exceedingly
. less oft. great
H7227b רַב chief
7227 rab rab
by contracted from 7231; abundant (in quantity, size, age,
number, rank, quality):--(in) abound(-undance, -ant, -antly),
captain, elder, enough, exceedingly, full, great(-ly, man,
one), increase, long (enough, (time)), (do, have) many(-ifold,
things, a time), ((ship-))master, mighty, more, (too, very)
much, multiply(-tude), officer, often(-times), plenteous,
populous, prince, process (of time), suffice(-lent).
see HEBREW for 07231
רַב (rav) — many.
adj
1) much, many, great
1a) much
1b) many
1c) abounding in
1d) more numerous than
1e) abundant, enough
1f) great
1g) strong
1h) greater than
adv
1i) much, exceedingly
רַב (rav) — chief.
captain, chief
Aramaic equivalent: rav.re.van (רַבְרְבָן "noble" H7261)
רַב (rav) — (Sidon) the Great.
Combined with tsi.don (צִידוֹן "Sidon" H6721H)
§ captain, chief
Adj — AdjHAamsa
מְהוּמָה (mhuwmah) refers to a state of tumult or confusion, encompassing meanings like disquietude, discomfiture, and trouble. It is derived from the root meaning of confusion or uproar, and it captures various forms of disturbance or turmoil. The entries consistently highlight its association with panic and vexation.
מְהוּמָה n.f. tumult, confusion, disquietude, discomfiture
base
H4103 מְהוּמָה tumult, confusion, disquietude, discomfiture
4103 mhuwmah meh-hoo-maw'
from 1949; confusion or uproar:--destruction, discomfiture,
trouble, tumult, vexation, vexed.
see HEBREW for 01949
מְהוּמָה (me.hu.mah) — tumult.
1) tumult, confusion, disquietude, discomfiture, destruction, trouble, vexed, vexation
1a) tumult, confusion, disturbance, turmoil, disquietude, panic
1b) discomfiture
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Ncfsa
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms