Proverbs 12:10 — Word Study
WLCיוֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק נֶ֣פֶשׁ בְּהֶמְתּ֑וֹ וְֽרַחֲמֵ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים אַכְזָרִֽי׃
BSAA righteous [man]tsaddîyq [just, morally upright] regardsyâdaʻ [knows, has concern for] the lifenephesh [soul, living being] of his animalbᵉhêmâh [beast, livestock] but the tender merciesracham [compassion, womb of love] of the wickedrâshâʻ [morally wrong, guilty of sin] are only crueltyʼakzârîy [truly, in reality, harsh, unkind]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יוֹדֵ֣עַ | [is] knowing | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| צַ֭דִּיק | a righteous [person] | Adj |
| נֶ֣פֶשׁ | [the] life of | Noun common, feminine singular construct |
| בְּהֶמְתּ֑וֹ | animals his | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| וְֽרַחֲמֵ֥י | and [the] compassion of | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct |
| רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים | wicked [people] | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| אַכְזָרִֽי׃ | [is] cruel | Adj |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | A righteous man regards the life of his animal, but the tender mercies of the wicked are only cruelty. |
| KJV | A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel. |
| ASV | A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast; But the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel. |
| YLT | The righteous knoweth the life of his beast, And the mercies of the wicked [are] cruel. |
| WEB | A righteous man respects the life of his animal, but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel. |
| BBE | An upright man has thought for the life of his beast, but the hearts of evil-doers are cruel. |
Where they part company is רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause followed by a contrasting clause, emphasizing the difference between the righteous and the wicked.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectצַדִּיק
verbיָדַע
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Proverbs 12:10
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Wisdom on Righteousness and Wickednessgenerated
Proverbs 12:10 contrasts the behavior of the righteous and the wicked, emphasizing that a truly righteous person shows concern for the well-being of their animals, while the wicked, despite any appearances of compassion, ultimately act cruelly. This verse highlights the ethical treatment of living beings as a reflection of one's character, fitting within a broader discourse on morality found throughout Proverbs.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 33:13–14 | But Jacob replied, “My lord knows that the children are frail, and I must care for sheep and cattle that are nursing their young. If they are driven hard for even a day, all the animals will die. |
| 2 | Numbers 22:28–32 | Then the LORD opened the donkey’s mouth, and she said to Balaam, “What have I done to you that you have beaten me these three times?” |
| 3 | Deuteronomy 25:4 | Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain. |
| 4 | John 4:11 | “Sir,” the woman replied, “You have nothing to draw with and the well is deep. Where then will You get this living water? |
| 5 | Genesis 37:26–28 | Then Judah said to his brothers, “What profit will we gain if we kill our brother and cover up his blood? |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יָדַע, yo.De.a'generated
The Hebrew verb יָדַע (yada`) means 'to know' and encompasses a range of meanings including perception, recognition, and experience. In this context, it indicates a deep awareness and concern for the life of animals, suggesting an ethical responsibility.
The participle form indicates ongoing action, implying that the righteous person continually demonstrates this concern. This word is foundational in discussions of morality, as it connects knowledge with compassionate action.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יוֹדֵ֣עַ, knows, governs the main clause, with a noun phrase describing the subject and another noun phrase indicating what is known. The structure emphasizes the righteous person's active knowledge and concern for their animals.
The sentence is constructed with a clear contrast between the righteous and the wicked, highlighting the moral dichotomy in their treatment of living beings.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יָדַע as δίκαιος, meaning 'righteous.' This choice reflects a similar moral emphasis, linking knowledge with righteousness and ethical behavior.
The translation of רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים as ἀσεβῶν suggests a focus on the irreverence of the wicked, reinforcing the moral lesson of the verse.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Proverbs 12:10 teaches that a righteous person cares for their animals, showing kindness and concern for their lives, while the wicked, despite any appearances of compassion, are ultimately cruel. This verse highlights the importance of moral character in how one treats all living beings.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means to show care and concern for the well-being of animals, recognizing their value as living beings.
It suggests that a person's treatment of animals reveals their moral character, with the righteous showing compassion and the wicked acting cruelly.
This comparison emphasizes the ethical standards expected of individuals and highlights the consequences of moral choices.
Yes, it suggests that the principles of compassion and care extend beyond animals to all living beings, including fellow humans.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What are some ways I can show compassion to animals in my daily life?
- How does my treatment of animals reflect my overall character?
- In what situations do I find it challenging to be compassionate, and how can I improve?
- How can I apply the principles of this verse to my interactions with other people?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers comment on this verse, noting how it reflects human charity and the moral obligations we have toward animals and each other.
“The righteous has pity upon the soul of his animals.” It is an exercise of human charity when someone, by means of his animals, becomes accustomed to show mercy upon his fellow human beings.Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 12 →
The righteous knows the souls of his animals. That is, he pities and sympathizes with the condition and weakness of his neighbors entrusted to him.Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 12 →
But the compassion of the wicked is cruel. Who not only do not sympathize with those under them, but also, according to what the Lord says: Beat the male and female servants, saying, My master is delayed in coming (Luke XII).Early Church Fathers on Proverbs 12 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Proverbs 12:10 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleA righteous [man] regardeth the life of his beast,.... Or "knoweth" it (q); knows the worth of it and values it, and takes care of it, and is concerned for the preservation of it; he provides
Read John Gill on Proverbs 12 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryA righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel. A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast. God commands tender care even for brutes (Deuteronomy 25:4; Leviticus 22:28).
Read Robert Jamieson on Proverbs 12 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleRegardeth the life of his beast, which is employed in his service; he will not destroy it either by labours beyond its strength, or by denying to it necessary food or rest, or by any other way; and much more will he be pitiful to his own servants, and to poor men. The tender mercies of the wicked are cruel; there is much cruelty mixed even with their most merciful actions, when they pretend or intend to show mercy. Heb. the bowels of the, &c.; those very bowels, which in others are the seat of pity, in him are hardened and shut up, and only stir him up to cruelty. Instead of that mercy which is natural to other men, he hath nothing but cruelty. Their mercies are here said to be cruel, as…
Read Matthew Poole on Proverbs 12 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsProverbs 12:10 A righteous [man] regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked [are] cruel.Ver. 10. A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast.] There be beasts ad usum, et ad esum. Some are profitable alive, not dead, as the dog, horse, &c.; some dead, not alive, as the hog; some both, as the ox. There is a mercy to be shewed to these dumb creatures, as we see in Eleazar; and the contrary in Balaam, who spurred his ass till she spake. Otherwise we shall make them "groan under the bondage of our corruption," and he that hears the young ravens, may hear them, for "he is gracious." The restraint that was of eating the blood of dead beasts, declared that he would…
Read John Trapp on Proverbs 12 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(10) Regardeth the life of his beast.—Rather, knows their feelings (comp. Exodus 23:9), and so can feel for them. God’s own care for the brute creation (Jonah 4:11) was shown in the merciful provisions of the Law, by which cattle shared the rest of the Sabbath, and had their portion of the corn as it was being trodden out (Deuteronomy 25:4). Tender mercies.—What the wicked calls tenderness and kind treatment is really cruelty, as he takes no thought for the comfort of his beast.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Proverbs 12 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 10. A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast] One principal characteristic of a holy man is mercy: cruelty is unknown to him; and his benevolence extends to the meanest of the brute creation. Pity rules the heart of a pious man; he can do nothing that is cruel. He considers what is best for the comfort, ease health, and life of the beast that serves him; and he knows that God himself careth for oxen: and one of the ten commandments provides a seventh part of time to be allotted for the rest of labouring beasts as well as for man. I once in my travels met with the Hebrew of this clause on the sign board of a public inn: יודע צדיק נפש בהמתו yodea tsaddik nephesh behemto. "A…
Read AdamClarke on Proverbs 12 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges10. righteous] because by such consideration he proves himself to be (Luke 1:6) “righteous, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord” (Deuteronomy 5:14; Deuteronomy 22:6-7; Deuteronomy 25:4), and because he is like the righteous God Himself (Psalms 145:9; Jonah 4:11). regardeth] Lit. knoweth, Comp. Exodus 23:9.
Read Cambridge on Proverbs 12 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleRegardeth - literally, “knoweth.” All true sympathy and care must grow out of knowledge.
Read Albert Barnes on Proverbs 12 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
A righteous man regards the life of his animal, but the tender mercies of the wicked are only cruelty.
A righteous man respects the life of his animal, but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
A righteous man regards the life of his animal, but the tender mercies of the wicked are only cruelty.
A righteous person cares for the life of his animal, but even the most compassionate acts of the wicked are cruel.
Tyndale line
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast; But the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the mercies of the wicked are cruell.
Strictly literal
A righteous man is concerned for the life of his beast; but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
The righteous knoweth the life of his beast, And the mercies of the wicked [are] cruel.
The righteous knows the life of his beast, || And the mercies of the wicked [are] cruel.
A righteous man careth for the life of his beast; but the mercies of the wicked are cruelty.
The righteous person cares about the needs of his animal, but even the compassion of the wicked is cruel.
From the Latin
The just regardeth the lives of his beasts: but the bowels of the wicked are cruel.
Simplified
Good people look after their animals, but the care given by wicked is really cruelty.
An upright man has thought for the life of his beast, but the hearts of evil-doers are cruel.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
Both the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of Proverbs 12:10, with all seven words matching in both texts, indicating a strong consistency in this moral teaching across traditions.
יוֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק נֶ֣פֶשׁ בְּהֶמְתּ֑וֹ וְֽרַחֲמֵ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים אַכְזָרִֽי׃
7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Proverbs 12:10
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
יָדַע (yada`) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to know,' encompassing a wide range of senses including perception, recognition, and experience. It can refer to knowing someone intimately or being skilled in a task. The word has various forms, indicating actions such as making known or being made known. Lexicons note its use in both literal and figurative contexts, but there is no significant disagreement among them.
יָדַע 943 vb. know
Qal
know, learn to know
perceive
perceive and see; find out and discern
discriminate, distinguish
know by experience
recognize, admit, acknowledge, confess
consider
not know = not expect
know a person, be acquainted with
know a person carnally, of sexual intercourse
know how, to do a thing, be able to do it
be skilful in
abs. have knowledge, be wise
Niph.
be made known, be or become known, of things
make oneself known of pers.
be perceived
be instructed
Pi. cause to know
Pu. known
Hiph. make known, declare
Hoph. made known
Hithp. make oneself known
base
H3045 יָדַע know .. . know, learn to know
. perceive
. perceive and see; find out and discern
. discriminate, distinguish
. know by experience
. recognize, admit, acknowledge, confess
. consider
. not know = not expect
. know a person, be acquainted with
. know a person carnally, of sexual intercourse
. . know how, to do a thing, be able to do it
. be skilful in
. abs. have knowledge, be wise
. . be made known, be or become known, of things
. make oneself known of pers.
. be perceived
. be instructed
. cause to know
. known
. make known, declare
. made known
. make oneself known
3045 yada` yaw-dah'
a primitive root; to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing);
used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally,
euphemistically and inferentially (including observation,
care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation,
punishment, etc.) (as follow):--acknowledge, acquaintance(-ted
with), advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware,
(un-)awares, can(-not), certainly, comprehend, consider, X
could they, cunning, declare, be diligent, (can, cause to)
discern, discover, endued with, familiar friend, famous, feel,
can have, be (ig-)norant, instruct, kinsfolk, kinsman, (cause
to let, make) know, (come to give, have, take) knowledge, have
(knowledge), (be, make, make to be, make self) known, + be
learned, + lie by man, mark, perceive, privy to, X
prognosticator, regard, have respect, skilful, shew, can (man
of) skill, be sure, of a surety, teach, (can) tell,
יָדַע (ya.da) — to know.
1) to know
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to know
1a1a) to know, learn to know
1a1b) to perceive
1a1c) to perceive and see, find out and discern
1a1d) to discriminate, distinguish
1a1e) to know by experience
1a1f) to recognise, admit, acknowledge, confess
1a1g) to consider
1a2) to know, be acquainted with
1a3) to know (a person carnally)
1a4) to know how, be skilful in
1a5) to have knowledge, be wise
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be made known, be or become known, be revealed
1b2) to make oneself known
1b3) to be perceived
1b4) to be instructed
1c) (Piel) to cause to know
1d) (Poal) to cause to know
1e) (Pual)
1e1) to be known
1e2) known, one known, acquaintance (participle)
1f) (Hiphil) to make known, declare
1g) (Hophal) to be made known
1h) (Hithpael) to make oneself known, reveal oneself
Aramaic equivalent: ye.da (יְדַע "to know" H3046)
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
צַדִּיק (tsaddiyq) means just or righteous, covering various aspects such as lawful behavior, moral conduct, and being justified by God. It is derived from a related root and is used to describe individuals who are upright in character and actions.
צַדִּיק 206 adj. just, righteous
base
H6662 צַדִּיק just, righteous
6662 tsaddiyq tsad-deek'
from 6663; just:--just, lawful, righteous (man).
see HEBREW for 06663
צַדִּיק (tsad.diq) — righteous.
1) just, lawful, righteous
1a) just, righteous (in government)
1b) just, right (in one's cause)
1c) just, righteous (in conduct and character)
1d) righteous (as justified and vindicated by God)
1e) right, correct, lawful
Adj — AdjHAamsa
The Hebrew word נֶ֫פֶשׁ (*nephesh*) broadly means 'soul' or 'living being,' encompassing concepts like life, self, person, desire, and emotion. It is derived from the root meaning 'to breathe' and signifies both physical and mental aspects of existence. The lexicons note its use in various contexts, including as the seat of appetites and emotions, though its application to will and character is uncertain.
נֶ֫פֶשׁ 756 n.f. soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion
= that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
The נפשׁ becomes a living being
The נפשׁ is specif.
The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
נ׳ in D
base
H5315 נֶ֫פֶשׁ soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion . = that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
. The נפשׁ becomes a living being
. The נפשׁ is specif.
. The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
. נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
. נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
. נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
. נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
. נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
. נ׳ in D
5315 nephesh neh'-fesh
from 5314; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of
(abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal,
accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental):--any,
appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, X dead(-ly), desire,
X (dis-)contented, X fish, ghost, + greedy, he, heart(-y),
(hath, X jeopardy of) life (X in jeopardy), lust, man, me,
mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-,
thy-)self, them (your)-selves, + slay, soul, + tablet, they,
thing, (X she) will, X would have it.
see HEBREW for 05314
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
1g1) uncertain
1h) activity of the will
1h1) uncertain
1i) activity of the character
1i1) uncertain
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul: life.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
N-cs — Noun common · feminine singular constructHNcfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
בְּהֵמָה (bhemah) refers to a beast or animal, typically denoting domesticated livestock or cattle, and occasionally wild beasts. It is derived from a root that suggests being mute, implying a 'dumb beast.' The term encompasses all living creatures other than humans, with a specific mention of large quadrupeds.
בְּהֵמָה 187 n.f. beast, animal, cattle
of living creatures other than man
opp. also to wild beasts
rarely of wild beasts, esp. carnivora
base
H929 בְּהֵמָה beast, animal, cattle . of living creatures other than man
. opp. also to wild beasts
. rarely of wild beasts, esp. carnivora
929 bhemah be-hay-maw'
from an unused root (probably meaning to be mute); properly,
a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often
collective):--beast, cattle.
בְּהֵמָה (be.he.mah) — animal.
1) beast, cattle, animal
1a) beasts (coll of all animals)
1b) cattle, livestock (of domestic animals)
1c) wild beasts
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3ms
רַחַם (racham) primarily means 'womb' and is associated with the idea of nurturing. It also refers to 'compassion' in its plural form, רַחֲמִים (rachamim), indicating a deep, tender love or mercy. The word is built from a root that conveys a sense of cherishing, often linked to the maternal aspect of compassion.
רֶ֫חֶם, רַ֫חַם n.m. womb
base
רַחֲמִים n.m. abs. pl. intens. compassion
base
H7356a רֶ֫חֶם, רַ֫חַם womb H7356b רַחֲמִים abs. pl. intens. compassion
7356 racham rakh'-am
from 7355; compassion (in the plural); by extension, the womb
(as cherishing the fetus); by implication, a maiden:--
bowels, compassion, damsel, tender love, (great, tender)
mercy, pity, womb.
see HEBREW for 07355
רַחַם (ra.cham) — womb.
womb
Another spelling of re.chem (רֶ֫חֶם "womb" H7358)
רַחֲמִים (ra.cha.mim) — compassion.
compassion
Aramaic equivalent: re.chem (רַחֲמִין "compassion" H7359)
Conj | N-mp — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural constructHC/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to someone who is wicked or criminal, encompassing meanings such as guilty and ungodly. It is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing. The term is used to describe individuals who are hostile to God or guilty of sin against others.
רָשָׁע 263 adj. wicked, criminal
base
H7563 רָשָׁע wicked, criminal
7563 rasha` raw-shaw'
from 7561; morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad
person:--+ condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did
wrong.
see HEBREW for 07561
רָשָׁע (ra.sah) — wicked.
1) wicked, criminal
1a) guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)
1b) wicked (hostile to God)
1c) wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
The Hebrew word אַכְזָרִי (*akzariy*) means 'cruel' and appears only in this form. It is derived from another root word, אכזר (*akzar*), which also conveys a sense of cruelty. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning without significant variation.
אַכְזָרִי adj. cruel, always in this form
base
H394 אַכְזָרִי cruel, always in this form
394 'akzariy ak-zawr-ree'
from 393; terrible:--cruel (one).
see HEBREW for 0393
אַכְזָרִי (akh.za.ri) — cruel.
cruel
Adj — AdjHAamsa