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Numbers 7:24 — Word Study

Depth

WLCבַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י נָשִׂ֖יא לִבְנֵ֣י זְבוּלֻ֑ן אֱלִיאָ֖ב בֶּן־ חֵלֹֽן׃

BSAOn the thirdshᵉlîyshîy dayyôwm EliabʼĔlîyʼâb [descendant of] sonbên of HelonChêlôn the leadernâsîyʼ [high-ranking official] of the Zebulunites, [drew near]bên [children of Zebulun, tribe of Zebulun, came forward, presented himself]

Word
Listen & take awayNumbers 7
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 24 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (che.Lon) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Numbers 7:24quick helps
In a sentenceEliab, son of Helon, a leader of the Zebulunites, approached on the third day.
Who is speakingThe narrator of the book of Numbers, detailing the leaders of Israel.
Where we areThe context is a ceremonial offering during the wilderness period.
The hard wordנָשִׂיא
Take awayEliab is presented as a key leader among the tribes of Israel.
2 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson & more — read them › clause The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Numbers 7:24

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Offerings of the Leaders of Israelgenerated

23and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Nethanel son of Zuar.
24On the third day Eliab son of Helon, the leader of the Zebulunites, drew near.
25His offering was one silver platter weighing a hundred and thirty shekels, and one silver bowl weighing seventy shekels, both according to the sanctuary shekel and filled with fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering;
26one gold dish weighing ten shekels, filled with incense;

Numbers 7:24 describes the offerings presented by the leaders of the tribes of Israel during their time in the wilderness. Each leader brought specific offerings to the Lord, symbolizing their dedication and service to God and the community. Eliab, as the leader of the Zebulunites, is highlighted for his contribution on the third day of these ceremonial offerings.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Numbers 1:9from Zebulun, Eliab son of Helon;
2Numbers 2:7Next will be the tribe of Zebulun. The leader of the Zebulunites is Eliab son of Helon,

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

On the third day Eliab the son of Helon, prince of the children of Zebulun, did offer:Numbers 1:9 Numbers 2:7

The Key Word נָשִׂיא, na.Si'generated

The term נָשִׂיא (nasiy') refers to a leader or high-ranking official, indicating authority and responsibility. It is often used in the context of tribal leaders or chiefs, reflecting their role in guiding and representing their people.

This word is a noun in the masculine singular form, emphasizing Eliab's position as a singular leader among the Zebulunites. The root meaning relates to lifting up or elevating, which aligns with the responsibilities of leadership.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb in this verse is נָשִׂיא, leader, indicating Eliab's role. The sentence structure presents the time, the subject, and the action in a straightforward manner.

The phrase begins with a prepositional phrase (בַּיּוֹם֙, on the day), followed by the ordinal numeral (הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י, third), and concludes with the subject and its attributes. The order emphasizes the timing of Eliab's approach.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates נָשִׂיא as ἄρξων (archōn), which means 'ruler' or 'chief.' This choice highlights Eliab's authority and leadership role in a way that aligns with Hellenistic understandings of governance.

The Greek word ἡμέρᾳ is used for יוֹם, indicating a direct correspondence in meaning, maintaining the focus on the day of the event.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Numbers 7:24 tells us that on the third day, Eliab, the son of Helon, who was the leader of the Zebulunites, approached to present his offering. This moment is part of a larger ceremony where leaders of the tribes brought their offerings to God.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

Who was Eliab?

Eliab was the son of Helon and the leader of the Zebulunites, representing his tribe during the offerings in the wilderness.

What does the term 'leader' signify in this context?

The term 'leader' indicates Eliab's role as a high-ranking official responsible for guiding his tribe and presenting offerings to God.

What is the significance of the third day?

The third day marks a specific time in the ceremonial process where leaders presented their offerings, highlighting the order and structure of worship during the wilderness period.

How does Eliab's offering compare to others?

Eliab's offering is part of a series of offerings presented by the leaders of the tribes, each contributing to the communal worship and dedication to God.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What can we learn from Eliab's leadership and his role in the community?
  2. How does the concept of leadership in the Bible inform our understanding of authority today?
  3. In what ways can we present our offerings or contributions to our community?
  4. What significance does the timing of Eliab's offering on the third day hold for us?

Commentators on this verse — 2 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Numbers 7:24 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

On the third day Eliab the son of Helon, prince of the children of Zebulun, [did offer]. See Numbers 1:9.

Read John Gill on Numbers 7 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

He offered for his offering one silver charger, the weight whereof was an hundred and thirty shekels, one silver bowl of seventy shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary; both of them full of fine

Read Robert Jamieson on Numbers 7 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

On the third day Eliab son of Helon, the leader of the Zebulunites, drew near.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

On the third day Eliab the son of Helon, prince of the children of Zebulun,

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

On the third day Eliab son of Helon, the leader of the Zebulunites, drew near.

NETBNew English Translation2006

On the third day Eliab son of Helon, leader of the Zebulunites, presented an offering.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

¶ On the third day Eliab the son of Helon, prince of the children of Zebulun, did offer:

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

On the third day Eliab the son of Helon, prince of the children of Zebulun:

RVARevised Version, American1894

On the third day Eliab the son of Helon, prince of the children of Zebulun:

NWBWebster's Bible1833

On the third day Eliab the son of Helon, prince of the children of Zebulun, offered :

GNVGeneva Bible1599

The third day Eliab the sonne of Helon prince of the children of Zebulun offred.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

On the third day, the prince of the children of Zebulun, Eliab the son of Helon:

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

On the third day, the prince of the sons of Zebulun, Eliab son of Helon; —

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

On the third day, Eliab son of Helon, prince of the sons of Zebulun—

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

On the third day Eliab the son of Chelon, the prince of the children of Zebulun, [did offer]:

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

On the third day, Eliab son of Helon, leader of the descendants of Zebulun, offered his sacrifice.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

The third day the prince of the sons of Zabulon, Eliab the son of Helon,

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The third day Eliab, son of Helon, the leader of the tribe of Zebulun, came forward.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

On the third day Eliab, the son of Helon, chief of the children of Zebulun:

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַּonnoun phrasethenoun phraseיּוֹם֙daynumeral phraseהַ(the)שְּׁלִישִׁ֔יthirdnoun phrase · subjectnoun phraseנָשִׂ֖יא[the].leaderprepositional phraseלִofnoun phraseבְנֵ֣יthe.descendantsזְבוּלֻ֑ןof.Zebulunnoun phraseאֱלִיאָ֖בEliabnoun phraseבֶּןthe.sonחֵלֹֽןof.Helon

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text states, "On the third day Eliab son of Helon, the leader of the Zebulunites, drew near." The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text in all eight words, although its word order and articles differ due to its translation style. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs from the Masoretic Text by using the name "Chilan" instead of "Helon" for Eliab's father, indicating a variant reading in this tradition.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

בַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י נָשִׂ֖יא לִבְנֵ֣י זְבוּלֻ֑ן אֱלִיאָ֖ב בֶּן־ חֵלֹֽן׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
בַּיּוֹם֙ἡμέρᾳהַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔יτρίτῃנָשִׂ֖יאἄρξωνלִבְנֵ֣יυἱῶνזְבוּלֻ֑ןζαβουλωνאֱלִיאָ֖בελιαβבֶּן־υἱὸςחֵלֹֽן׃ξαιλων

8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Samaritan Pentateuchthe Torah as the Samaritan community kept it

ביום השׁלישׁי נשׂיא לבני זבולן אליאב בן חילן

1 word differs from the Masoretic Text: חילן (Helon)

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Numbers 7:24יוֹםon the dayon the dayיוֹםשְׁלִישִׁיthirdthirdשְׁלִישִׁינָשִׂיא[the] leade[the] leaderנָשִׂיאבֵּןof [the] deof [the] descenבֵּןזְבוּלֻןZebulunZebulunזְבוּלֻןאֱלִיאָבEliabEliabאֱלִיאָבבֵּן[the] son o[the] son ofבֵּןחֵלֹןHelonHelonחֵלֹןבָּנָהto buildto buildבָּנָהשָׁלֹשׁthreethreeשָׁלֹשׁזָבַלto honourto honourזָבַלאֵלgodgodאֵלחַ֫יִלHelechHelechחַ֫יִלנָשָׂאto lift: rto lift: raiseנָשָׂאעַמּוֹןAmmonAmmonעַמּוֹןרְאוּבֵןReubenReubenרְאוּבֵןשְׁבִיעִיseventhseventhשְׁבִיעִישַׁבָּתSabbathSabbathשַׁבָּתהִיןhinhinהִיןרְבִיעִיfourthfourthרְבִיעִימַטֶּהtribetribeמַטֶּהיִשָּׂשכָרIssacharIssacharיִשָּׂשכָרנַפְתָּלִיNaphtaliNaphtaliנַפְתָּלִיחֵלֹןHelonHelonחֵלֹןשְׁמִירָמוֹתShemiramotShemiramothשְׁמִירָמוֹתאֱלִיאָבEliabEliabאֱלִיאָב
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Numbers 7:24

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

on the day third [the] leader of [the] descendants of Zebulun Eliab [the] son of Helon
בַּיּוֹם֙bai.yOm on the day H3117 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
2,306× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word 'yom' refers to a day, which can be a literal 24-hour period or a figurative space of time. It is used in the Bible to describe a wide range of time periods, from a single day to a year or a lifetime. The word 'yom' is used in many different contexts throughout the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
day
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יוֹם (yowm) means 'day' and refers to a division of time, contrasting with night. It can denote a literal 24-hour period, a general time span, or even a year. The term is used in various contexts, including the 'day of Yahweh,' which signifies a time of divine judgment. It also appears in phrases indicating temporal references like today, yesterday, and tomorrow.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יוֹם 2285 n.m. day

day, opp. night

Day as division of time

יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous

Pl. days of anyone

Days

יוֹם = time

Phrases

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3117 יוֹם day . day, opp. night

. Day as division of time

. יוֹם י׳ day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous

. Pl. days of anyone

. Days

. יוֹם = time

. Phrases

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3117 yowm yome

from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm

hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one

sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by

an associated term), (often used adverb):--age, + always, +

chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to)

day, (now a, two) days (agone), + elder, X end, + evening, +

(for) ever(-lasting, -more), X full, life, as (so) long as

(... live), (even) now, + old, + outlived, + perpetually,

presently, + remaineth, X required, season, X since, space,

then, (process of) time, + as at other times, + in trouble,

weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), X whole

(+ age), (full) year(-ly), + younger.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יוֹם (yom) — day.

: day/when/time/period

1) day, time, year

1a) day (as opposed to night)

1b) day (24 hour period)

1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

1b2) as a division of time

1b2a) a working day, a day's journey

1c) days, lifetime (pl.)

1d) time, period (general)

1e) year

1f) temporal references

1f1) today

1f2) yesterday

1f3) tomorrow

יוֹם (yom) — day: old.

: old/(full/many)[days]

1) day, time, year

1a) day (as opposed to night)

1b) day (24 hour period)

1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

1b2) as a division of time

1b2a) a working day, a day's journey

1c) days, lifetime (pl.)

1d) time, period (general)

1e) year

1f) temporal references

1f1) today

1f2) yesterday

1f3) tomorrow

יוֹם (yom) — day: year.

: year[of_days]

1) day, time, year

1a) day (as opposed to night)

1b) day (24 hour period)

1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

1b2) as a division of time

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HRd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

da (yom; hemera): This common word has caused some trouble to plain readers, because they have not noticed that the word is used in several different senses in the English Bible. When the different uses of the word are understood the difficulty of interpretation vanishes. We note several different uses of the word:

(1) It sometimes means the time from daylight till dark. This popular meaning is easily discovered by the context, e. g. Ge 1:5; 8:22, etc. The marked periods of this daytime were morning, noon and night, as with us. See Ps 55:17. The early hours were sometimes called "the cool of the day" (Ge 3:8). After the exile the day. or daytime was divided into twelve hours and the night into twelve (see

Day

The Jews reckoned the day from sunset to sunset (Lev. 23:32). It was originally divided into three parts (Ps. 55:17). “The heat of the day” (1 Sam. 11:11; Neh. 7:3) was at our nine o’clock, and “the cool of the day” just before sunset (Gen. 3:8). Before the Captivity the Jews divided the night into three watches, (1) from sunset to midnight (Lam. 2:19); (2) from midnight till the cock-crowing (Judg. 7:19); and (3) from the cock-crowing till sunrise (Ex.…

The variable length of the natural day at different seasons led in the very earliest times to the adoption of the civil day (or one revolution of the sun) as a standard of time. The Hebrews reckoned the day from evening to evening, (Leviticus 23:32) deriving it from (Genesis 1:5) "the evening and the morning were the first day." The Jews are supposed, like the modern Arabs, to have adopted from an early period minute specifications of the parts of the natural day. Roughly, indeed, they were content to divide it into "morning, evening and noonday," (Psalms 55:17) but when they wished for greater accuracy they pointed to six unequal parts, each of which was again subdivided. These are held to have been -- "the dawn." "Sunrise."…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The day is distinguished into natural, civil, and artificial. The natural day is one revolution of the earth on its axis. The civil day is that, the beginning and the end of which are determined by the custom of any nation. The Hebrews began their day in the evening, Le 23:32; the Babylonians at sunrise; and we begin at midnight. The artificial day is the time of the sun’s continuance above the horizon, which is unequal according to different seasons, on account of the obliquity of the equator. The sacred writers generally divide the day into twelve hours. The sixth hour always ends at noon throughout the year; and the twelfth hour is the last hour before sunset. But in summer, all the hours of the day were longer than in winter, while those of night were shorter. See HOURS, and THREE.

on the day third [the] leader of [the] descendants of Zebulun Eliab [the] son of Helon
הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔יha.she.li.Shi third H7992 Particle
107× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means third in a sequence, like a third day or year. It is used in the Bible to describe time, rank, or quantity, such as the third day of creation in Genesis.
Tyndale gloss
third
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שְׁלִישִׁי (shliyshiy) means 'third' and is used as an ordinal number. It can refer to a third part, time, or rank, and can also denote a third-story cell. The entries indicate its feminine form as שְׁלִישִׁית and note its relation to the number three.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שְׁלִישִׁי m. שְׁלִישִׁית f. adj.num.ord. 108 third

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7992 שְׁלִישִׁי, שְׁלִישִׁית third

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7992 shliyshiy shel-ee-shee'

ordinal from 7969; third; feminine a third (part); by

extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a

third-story cell):--third (part, rank, time), three (years

old).

see HEBREW for 07969

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שְׁלִישִׁי (she.li.shi) — third.

1) third, one third, third part, third time

1a) ordinal number

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | Adj — Particle
HTd/Aomsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

thurd (shelishi; tritos): Isa 19:24, "In that day shall Israel be the third with Egypt and with Assyria," etc., brings out very distinctly the universal and missionary character of Isaiah's prophecies and of Israel's destiny (compare Eze 16:63; and see G. A. Smith, Isaiah, II, 275, 278; Watkinson, Th. Blind Spot 21 ff).

For "third hour," "third month," "third year," see CALENDAR; DAY; TIME.

on the day third [the] leader of [the] descendants of Zebulun Eliab [the] son of Helon
נָשִׂ֖יאna.Si' [the] leader H5387 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
134× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to a leader or a high-ranking official, like a king or a captain. It can also describe a rising mist, as seen in Isaiah 60:13. In the Bible, it often symbolizes power and authority.
Amplified meaning
high-ranking official
Tyndale gloss
leader
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָשִׂיא (nasiy') refers to an exalted figure, such as a chief, prince, or ruler, and also denotes a rising mist or vapor. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to lift up.' Its meanings encompass leadership roles and atmospheric phenomena, as noted in various lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָשִׂיא 128 n.m. one lifted up, i.e. a chief prince

base

[נָשִׂיא] n.[m.] rising mist, vapour

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5387a נָשִׂיא one lifted up, i.e. a chief prince H5387b נָשִׂיא rising mist, vapour

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5387 nasiy' naw-see'

or nasi8 {naw-see'}; from 5375; properly, an exalted one,

i.e. a king or sheik; also a rising mist:--captain, chief,

cloud, governor, prince, ruler, vapour.

see HEBREW for 0nasi8

see HEBREW for 05375

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָשִׂיא (na.si) — leader.

one lifted up, chief, prince, captain, leader

נָשִׂיא (na.si) — mist.

rising mist, vapour

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
on the day third [the] leader of [the] descendants of Zebulun Eliab [the] son of Helon
לִבְנֵ֣יliv.Nei of [the] descendants of H1121 Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct
4,943× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Tyndale gloss
son: child
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּן 4870 n.m. son

son, male child, born of a woman

children (male and female)

youth, young men

the young of animals

of plant shoots

fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

member of a guild, order or class

of animals son of (the) herd

ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

n. relat. of age

base

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman

. children (male and female)

. youth, young men

. the young of animals

. of plant shoots

. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

. . member of a guild, order or class

. of animals son of (the) herd

. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

. n. relat. of age

H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1121 ben bane

from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the

widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,

including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,

etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)

(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,

(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,

bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X

came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of

first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +

kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)

people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +

spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous

one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

see HEBREW for 01129

see HEBREW for 01

see HEBREW for 0251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּן (ben) — son: child.

: child/son

בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;

son of: Jaaziah (H3269);

brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)

§ Beno = "his son"

the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)

בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.

: descendant, people, tribe, nation

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : child/son

בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.

: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : descendant

בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.

: rebel/son(Belial)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : people/men/nation/tribe

בֵּן (ben) — son.

: [inheriting]son/heir

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.

: warrior/son(strong)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct
HR/Ncmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

on the day third [the] leader of [the] descendants of Zebulun Eliab [the] son of Helon
זְבוּלֻ֑ןze.vu.Lun Zebulun H2074 Noun proper masculine
45× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Zebulun was a son of Jacob and the founder of one of the twelve tribes of Israel, as told in Genesis 30:20. The tribe and territory were also named after him.
Tyndale gloss
Zebulun
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

זְבוּלֻן (Zebulun) refers to the sixth son of Jacob and Leah, as well as his tribe and territory. The name is linked to the concept of habitation and is first mentioned in Genesis 30:20. The entries consistently identify Zebulun as a significant figure in the genealogies of Israel.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

זְבוּלֻן, זְלֻבוּן n.pr.m. Zebulun

sixth son of Jacob and Leah

the tribe of Zebulun

territory of the tribe

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2074 זְבוּלֻן, זְלֻבוּן Zebulun

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2074 Zbuwluwn zeb-oo-loon'

or Zbuluwn {zeb-oo-loon'}; or Zbuwlun {zeb-oo-loon'}; from

2082; habitation; Zebulon, a son of Jacob; also his territory

and tribe:--Zebulun.

see HEBREW for 02082

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

זְבוּלֻן (ze.vu.lun) — Zebulun.

A man of the tribe of Zebulun living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.30.20;

son of: Israel (H3478) and Leah (H3812);

brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Issachar (H3485) and Dinah (H1783);

half-brother of: Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144);

father of: Sered (H5624), Elon (H0356H) and Jahleel (H3177)

§ Zebulun = "exalted"

1) the 10th of the sons of Jacob, 6th and last of Leah; progenitor of Zebulun

2) the tribe descended from Zebulun

3) the land allocated to the tribe of Zebulun

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNpm — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

zeb'-u-lun (zebhulun, also written zebuwlun and zebuluwn; the first form occurs only in Jud 1:30; the other two are frequent, and are used interchangeably; Zaboulon): In Ge 30:20 Leah exclaims, "God hath endowed me with a good dowry," which suggests a derivation of Zebulun from zabhadh, "to bestow," the (d) being replaced by (l). Again she says, "Now will my husband dwell with me (or "honor me"): and she called his name Zebulun"; the derivation being from zabhal, "to exalt" or "honor" (OHL, under the word).

Zebulun was the 10th son of Jacob, the 6th borne to him by Leah in Paddan-aram. Nothing is known of this patriarch's life, save in so far as it coincides with that of his brethren. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan says that he first of the five brethren was presented to Pharaoh by…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Zebulun

Dwelling, the sixth and youngest son of Jacob and Leah (Gen. 30:20). Little is known of his personal history. He had three sons (46:14).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(a habitation), the tenth of the sons of Jacob, according to the order in which their births are enumerated, the sixth and last of Leah. (Genesis 30:20; 35:23; 46:14; 1 Chronicles 2:1) His birth is mentioned in (Genesis 30:19,20) Of the individual Zebulun nothing is recorded. The list of Genesis46 ascribes to him three sons, founders of the chief families of the tribe (comp.) (Numbers 26:26) at the time of the migration to Egypt. The tribe is not recorded to have taken part, for evil or good, in any of the events of the wandering or the conquest. The statement of Josephus is probably in the main correct, that it reached on the one side to the Lake of Gennesareth and on the…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

1. Or ZABULON, Re 7:8, the sixth son of Jacob and Leah, born in Mesopotamia, Ge 30:20. Moses gives us few particulars respecting him. His tribe was respectable for numbers, Nu 1:30 26:26; and its portion in the Holy Land accorded with the prediction of Jacob, Ge 49:13, extending from the Mediterranean sea at Carmel to the sea of Gemnesaret, between Issachar on the south, and Naphtali and Asher on the north and north-west, Jos 19:10. His posterity are often mentioned in connection with Issachar, his nearest brother, De 33:18. They were entangled with the Phoenicians…

on the day third [the] leader of [the] descendants of Zebulun Eliab [the] son of Helon
אֱלִיאָ֖ב'e.li.'Av Eliab H446 Noun proper masculine
21× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Eliab was a common name in the Bible, including a leader of Zebulun and a brother of David, as mentioned in 1 Samuel 16:6 and Numbers 1:9.
Amplified meaning
descendant of
Tyndale gloss
Eliab
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֱלִיאָב (Eliy'ab) means 'God is father' and refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, including a prince of Zebulun, a prince of Reuben, and David's oldest brother. The name is derived from the Hebrew words for 'God' and 'father.' The entries collectively highlight Eliab's roles, such as a Levite musician and a Gadite warrior, but do not present any significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֱלִיאָב n.pr.m. (God is father)

prince of Zebulon

prince of Reuben

brother of David

a Kohathite

a Gadite

Levite singer

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H446 אֱלִיאָב (God is father) . prince of Zebulon

. prince of Reuben

. brother of David

. a Kohathite

. a Gadite

. Levite singer

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

446 'Eliy'ab el-ee-awb'

from 410 and 1; God of (his) father; Eliab, the name of six

Israelites:--Eliab.

see HEBREW for 0410

see HEBREW for 01

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֱלִיאָב (e.li.av) — Eliab.

A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.1.9;

son of: Helon (H2497)

§ Eliab = "my God is father" or "God is father"

1) son of Helon, leader of Zebulun in the wilderness

2) a Reubenite chief, father of Dathan and Abiram

3) David's oldest brother

4) a Levite musician

5) a Gadite warrior for David

6) a Kohathite

אֱלִיאָב (e.li.av) — Eliab.

A man of the tribe of Reuben living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.16.1;

son of: Pallu (H6396);

father of: Dathan (H1885), Abiram (H0048) and Nemuel (H5241)

§ Eliab = "my God is father" or "God is father"

1) son of Helon, leader of Zebulun in the wilderness

2) a Reubenite chief, father of Dathan and Abiram

3) David's oldest brother

4) a Levite musician

5) a Gadite warrior for David

6) a Kohathite

אֱלִיאָב (e.li.av) — Eliab.

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

e-li'-ab ('eli'abh, "God is father"):

(1) Prince of the tribe of Zebulun in the Exodus (Nu 1:9; 2:7; 7:24,29; 10:16).

(2) A Reubenite, father of Dathan and Abiram (Nu 16:11,12; 26:8 f; De 11:6).

(3) Eldest son of Jesse and brother of David (1Sa 16:6), once called Elihu (1Ch 27:18). He was of commanding appearance (1Sa 16:6) and when serving with Saul's army at the time when it was confronting the Philistines and Goliath, was inclined to lord it over his brother David (1Sa 17:28 f). His daughter Abihail became a Wife…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Eliab

To whom God is father. (1.) A Reubenite, son of Pallu (Num. 16:1, 12; 26:8, 9; Deut. 11:6).

(2.) A son of Helon, and chief of the tribe of Zebulun at the time of the census in the wilderness (Num. 1:9; 2:7).

(3.) The son of Jesse, and brother of David (1 Sam. 16:6). It was he who spoke contemptuously to David when he proposed to fight Goliath (1 Sam. 17:28).

(4.) One of the Gadite heroes who joined David in his stronghold in the wilderness (1 Chr. 12:9).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(God is my father). Son of Helon and leader of the tribe of Zebulun at the time of the census in the wilderness of Sinai. (Numbers 1:9; 2:7; 7:24,29; 10:16) (B.C. 1490.) A Reubenite, father of Dathan and Abiram. (Numbers 16:1,12; 26:8,9; 11:6) One of David’s brothers, the eldest of the family. (1 Samuel 16:6; 17:13,28; 1 Chronicles 2:13) (B.C. 1063.) A Levite in the time of David, who was both a "porter" and a musician on the "psaltery." (1 Chronicles 15:18,20; 16:5) One of the warlike Gadite leaders who came over to David when he was in the wilderness taking refuge from Saul. (

on the day third [the] leader of [the] descendants of Zebulun Eliab [the] son of Helon
בֶּן־ben- [the] son of H1121 Noun common · masculine singular construct
4,943× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Amplified meaning
children of Zebulun, tribe of Zebulun, came forward, presented himself
Tyndale gloss
son: child
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֵּן 4870 n.m. son

son, male child, born of a woman

children (male and female)

youth, young men

the young of animals

of plant shoots

fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

member of a guild, order or class

of animals son of (the) herd

ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

n. relat. of age

base

בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman

. children (male and female)

. youth, young men

. the young of animals

. of plant shoots

. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows

. . member of a guild, order or class

. of animals son of (the) herd

. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.

. n. relat. of age

H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1121 ben bane

from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the

widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,

including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,

etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)

(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,

(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,

bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X

came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of

first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +

kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)

people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +

spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous

one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

see HEBREW for 01129

see HEBREW for 01

see HEBREW for 0251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֵּן (ben) — son: child.

: child/son

בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.

A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;

son of: Jaaziah (H3269);

brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)

§ Beno = "his son"

the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)

בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.

: descendant, people, tribe, nation

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : child/son

בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.

: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : descendant

בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.

: rebel/son(Belial)

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

§ : people/men/nation/tribe

בֵּן (ben) — son.

: [inheriting]son/heir

A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)

בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.

: warrior/son(strong)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

on the day third [the] leader of [the] descendants of Zebulun Eliab [the] son of Helon
חֵלֹֽן׃che.Lon Helon H2497 Noun proper masculine
5× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Helon was an Israelite, father of Eliab, a leader of the tribe of Zebulun, mentioned in Numbers 1:9. His name means strength, reflecting his role as a leader.
Tyndale gloss
Helon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֵלֹן (Chelon) refers to an Israelite, specifically a man from the tribe of Zebulun, who is mentioned in the context of the wilderness period following the Exodus. He is identified as the father of Eliab and is noted for the meaning 'strength.' The name appears in Numbers 1:9.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חֵלֹן n.pr.m. a man of Zebulun

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2497 חֵלֹן

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2497 Chelon khay-lone'

from 2428; strong; Chelon, an Israelite:--Helon.

see HEBREW for 02428

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֵלֹן (che.lon) — Helon.

A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.1.9;

father of: Eliab (H0446)

§ Helon = "strength"

father of Eliab of the tribe of Zebulun

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper masculine
HNpm
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hel'-on (chelon, "valorous"; the Septuagint's Codex Vaticanus, Chailon): The father of Eliab, the prince of the tribe of Zebulun (Nu 1:9; 2:7; 7:24,29; 10:16).

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Helon

Strong, father of Eliab, who was “captain of the children of Zebulun” (Num. 1:9; 2:7).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(strong), father of Eliab, of the tribe of Zebulun. (Numbers 1:9; 2:7; 7:24,29; 10:16) (B.C. 1491.)

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

window; grief

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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