Micah 5:9 — Word Study
WLCתָּרֹ֥ם יָדְךָ֖ עַל־ צָרֶ֑יךָ וְכָל־ אֹיְבֶ֖יךָ יִכָּרֵֽתוּ׃ פ
BSAwill be cut offkârath [destroyed, completely eliminated]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| תָּרֹ֥ם | may it be lifted up | Verb, Qal, jussive second person masculine singular |
| יָדְךָ֖ | hand your | Noun common both singular construct, suffix |
| עַל־ | above | Preposition |
| צָרֶ֑יךָ | opponents your | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| וְכָל־ | and all | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| אֹיְבֶ֖יךָ | enemies your | Verb qal participle (active) masculine plural common, suffix |
| יִכָּרֵֽתוּ׃ פ | may they be cut off | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Your hand will be lifted over your foes, and all your enemies will be cut off. |
| KJV | Thine hand shall be lifted up upon thine adversaries, and all thine enemies shall be cut off. |
| ASV | Let thy hand be lifted up above thine adversaries, and let all thine enemies be cut off. |
| YLT | High is thy hand above thine adversaries, And all thine enemies are cut off. |
| WEB | Let your hand be lifted up above your adversaries, and let all of your enemies be cut off. |
| BBE | Your hand is lifted up against those who are against you, and all your haters will be cut off. |
There are no significant differences among the translations on this verse.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by a prepositional phrase and a second main clause, clearly outlining God's action and its consequences.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbוְ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Micah 5:9
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Promise of Victorygenerated
Micah 5:9 speaks of God's assurance to Israel that His hand will be elevated over their foes, signifying divine intervention and protection. This declaration comes in the context of God's promise to restore and defend His people against their enemies, as seen in the surrounding verses that describe the strength and might of Israel amidst adversity.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 21:8 | Your hand will apprehend all Your enemies; Your right hand will seize those who hate You. |
| 2 | Psalm 106:26 | So He raised His hand and swore to cast them down in the wilderness, |
| 3 | Isaiah 1:25 | I will turn My hand against you; I will thoroughly purge your dross; I will remove all your impurities. |
| 4 | Isaiah 11:14 | They will swoop down on the slopes of the Philistines to the west; together they will plunder the sons of the east. They will lay their hands on Edom and Moab, and the Ammonites will be subject to them. |
| 5 | Isaiah 14:2–4 | The nations will escort Israel and bring it to its homeland. Then the house of Israel will possess the nations as menservants and maidservants in the LORD’s land. They will make captives of their captors and rule over their oppressors. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — תָּרֹ֥ם, ta.Romgenerated
The verb תָּרֹם (ta.Rom) is a jussive form, indicating a desire or command for something to happen — in this case, for God's hand to be lifted up in triumph. It is derived from the root רוּם (ruwm), meaning to be high or exalted, and is used in contexts where elevation signifies power or victory.
This lifting up is not merely physical; it symbolizes God's authority and strength over His adversaries. The usage here emphasizes God's active role in ensuring victory for His people, contrasting with human efforts.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
All translations agree on the key elements of this verse, emphasizing God's hand being lifted and the enemies being cut off.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb תָּרֹ֥ם (ta.Rom) governs the sentence, indicating the action of God's hand being lifted. The structure includes a noun phrase for the subject, a prepositional phrase indicating the adversaries, and a second clause detailing the fate of the enemies.
The sentence is constructed with emphasis on God's action first, highlighting His supremacy over the foes before stating the consequence for the enemies.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew verb תָּרֹ֥ם is rendered with the Greek word καὶ (kai), which serves as a conjunction. This choice indicates a straightforward connection rather than a direct translation of the lifting action, reflecting a more narrative style.
The Greek translation does not capture the specific nuance of triumph inherent in the Hebrew verb, which may suggest a broader interpretative approach by the translators.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Micah 5:9 assures us that God's hand will be raised in victory over His enemies, leading to their destruction. This verse highlights God's power and protection for His people, promising that their foes will be cut off.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies God's active intervention and authority, ensuring victory over enemies.
The enemies refer to those who oppose or threaten Israel, symbolizing any adversaries against God's people.
Being cut off implies complete destruction or elimination of those who stand against God and His people.
This verse reflects God's consistent theme of protection and victory for His people, seen throughout the scriptures, such as in Psalms and Isaiah.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I seen God's hand at work in my life, lifting me above my challenges?
- How can I trust in God's promise of victory over my adversaries?
- What does it mean for me to rely on God's strength when facing difficulties?
- How can I encourage others to recognize God's power in their struggles?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Micah 5:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThine hand shall be lifted up upon thine adversaries,.... O remnant of Jacob or Israel, as the Targum; the church of God; now will be the time that it shall prevail over all the antichristian states;
Read John Gill on Micah 5 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThine hand shall be lifted up upon thine adversaries, and all thine enemies shall be cut off. Thine hand shall be lifted up upon thine adversaries.
Read Robert Jamieson on Micah 5 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThine; Messiah, or a people of God, nay both, forasmuch as whatever these can do, they do it, not in their own power, but in Christ’ s power. Thine hand; thy strength and power, for so does the Scripture usually express strength or might. Shall be lifted up upon thine adversaries; shall be greatly exalted, and shall be wonderfully successful against enemies, who in great multitudes did set upon the people of God; such were those who fought the Maccabees, and were defeated by them. All thine enemies, who do obstinately hold on in the enmity of their natures, ways, and doings, shall be cut off; finally, certainly, eternally, and dreadfully perish. This hath a partial fulfilling now, but its…
Read Matthew Poole on Micah 5 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsMicah 5:9 Thine hand shall be lifted up upon thine adversaries, and all thine enemies shall be cut off.Ver. 9. Thine hand shall be lift up upon thine adversaries] q.d. Adversaries thou shalt be sure of, O my Church, but thou shalt have the better of them. Thou shalt keep footing still under the standard of the cross, and prevail, Sub militia crucis (Calv.). The mountain of the house of the Lord shall overtop all other mountains of worldly power, Micah 4:1. It shall be as that mountain not far from Arbela (where the empire of the world was won and lost in one day), called Nicatorium by Alexander the Great, as a constant trophy of that famous victory he there got over Darius, νικατοριονορος…
Read John Trapp on Micah 5 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 9. All thine enemies shall be cut off.] The Assyrians, who had destroyed Israel; and the Babylonians, who had ruined Judah.
Read AdamClarke on Micah 5 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges9. An exulting address to Israel marching forth against his enemies. Thine hand shall be …] Rather, ‘let thine hand be;’ similarly in the next clause.
Read Cambridge on Micah 5 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleTheir hand shall be lifted up upon their adversaries - The might of the Church is the Might of Christ in her, and the glory of the Church is His from whom it comes and to whom it returns.
Read Albert Barnes on Micah 5 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the BibleTHE MESSIAH AND THE ERA, 1-15 (in Hebrew, Micah 4:14-5:14).In Micah 5:1, the prophet returns once more (Micah 4:9; Micah 4:11) to the condition now present or imminent; but immediately he rises from
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Micah 5 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Your hand will be lifted over your foes, and all your enemies will be cut off.
Let your hand be lifted up above your adversaries, and let all of your enemies be cut off.
Your hand will be lifted over your foes, and all your enemies will be cut off.
Lift your hand triumphantly against your adversaries; may all your enemies be destroyed!
Tyndale line
Thine hand shall be lifted up upon thine adversaries, and all thine enemies shall be cut off.
Let thy hand be lifted up above thine adversaries, and let all thine enemies be cut off.
Let thine hand be lifted up above thine adversaries, and let all thine enemies be cut off.
Thy hand shall be lifted up upon thy adversaries, and all thy enemies shall be cut off.
Thine hand shall bee lift vp vpon thine aduersaries, and all thine enemies shalbe cut off.
Strictly literal
Thy hand shall be lifted up upon thine adversaries, and all thine enemies shall be cut off.
High is thy hand above thine adversaries, And all thine enemies are cut off.
High is your hand above your adversaries, || And all your enemies are cut off.
(5:8) High shall thy hand be lifted up above thy adversaries, and all thy enemies shall be cut off.
Your hand will be lifted against your enemies, and it will destroy them.
From the Latin
Thy hand shall be lifted up over thy enemies, and all thy enemies shall be cut off.
Simplified
Lift your hand in triumph against your enemies; all of them will be destroyed.
Your hand is lifted up against those who are against you, and all your haters will be cut off.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text agrees with the Septuagint in the general structure, although the word order differs. The Dead Sea Scrolls show partial restoration but align with the core message of God's promise to cut off enemies.
תָּרֹ֥ם יָדְךָ֖ עַל־ צָרֶ֑יךָ וְכָל־ אֹיְבֶ֖יךָ יִכָּרֵֽתוּ׃ פ
5 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[והיה] [ביום] ההוא נאם [יהוה] והכרתי [סוסי׳ך] [מקרב׳ך] [והאבדתי] מרכבתי׳ך
3 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 6 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Micah 5:9
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
רוּם (ruwm) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be high or exalted, covering a range of actions such as rising, lifting, and promoting. It can refer to physical elevation, like raising an ark or setting up a throne, as well as figurative exaltation, particularly in relation to God. The word also has a related form, רָמַם (ramam), which means to be wormy.
רוּם vb. be high, exalted, rise
Qal
be high, lit. rock (in fig.)
esp. of י׳
be raised, uplifted
be lifted, rise, of ark
Pō‛lēl
raise, rear, children
cause tree to grow
lift up
exalt, extol, acc. י׳
Pō‛lal be lift up
Hiph.
raise, rear, c. acc., hand
raise poor
lift up voice
(take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone
set up, erect, stone
set on high, throne
lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers.
lift up and take away, remove
lift off and present, contribute, offer
Hoph. be taken off from; be abolished
Hithpō‛l. and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; I will raise myself
base
[רָמַם] vb. denom. be wormy;—Ex 16:20
ref
H7311a רוּם be high, exalted, rise .. . be high, lit. rock (in fig.)
. esp. of י׳
. be raised, uplifted
. be lifted, rise, of ark
.. . raise, rear, children
. cause tree to grow
. lift up
. exalt, extol, acc. י׳
.be lift up
. . . . raise, rear, c. acc., hand
. raise poor
. lift up voice
. (take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone
. set up, erect, stone
. set on high, throne
. lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers.
. lift up and take away, remove
. lift off and present, contribute, offer
. be taken off from; be abolished
. and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; I will raise myself
H7311b רָמַם vb. denom. be wormy
7311 ruwm room
a primitive root; to be high actively, to rise or raise (in
various applications, literally or figuratively):--bring up,
exalt (self), extol, give, go up, haughty, heave (up), (be,
lift up on, make on, set up on, too) high(-er, one), hold up,
levy, lift(-er) up, (be) lofty, (X a-)loud, mount up, offer
(up), + presumptuously, (be) promote(-ion), proud, set up,
tall(-er), take (away, off, up), breed worms.
רוּם (rum) — to exalt.
1) to rise, rise up, be high, be lofty, be exalted
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be high, be set on high
1a2) to be raised, be uplifted, be exalted
1a3) to be lifted, rise
1b) (Polel)
1b1) to raise or rear (children), cause to grow up
1b2) to lift up, raise, exalt
1b3) to exalt, extol
1c) (Polal) to be lifted up
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to raise, lift, lift up, take up, set up, erect, exalt, set on high
1d2) to lift up (and take away), remove
1d3) to lift off and present, contribute, offer, contribute
1e) (Hophal) to be taken off, be abolished
1f) (Hithpolel) to exalt oneself, magnify oneself
Aramaic equivalent: rum (רוּם "to rise" H7313)
רָמַם (ra.mam) — be rotten.
(Qal) to be rotten, be wormy
HVqj2ms — Verb · Qal · jussive second person masculine singularHVqj2ms
יָד (yad) means 'hand' and can also refer to strength or power in a figurative sense. It encompasses various technical uses, such as a sign or monument, parts or shares, and even specific components in construction, like axle-trees and supports for the laver. The word is versatile, appearing in both literal and metaphorical contexts.
יָד 1604 n.f. hand
hand
Fig. = strength, power
Fig. = side
יָד is used in various special, technical senses:—
sign, monument
part, fractional part or share
time, repetition
axle-trees
stays, supports for laver
tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle
a (beckoning) hand
יַד with prep.
base
H3027 יָד hand . hand
. Fig. = strength, power
. Fig. = side
. יָד is used in various special, technical senses:— . sign, monument
. part, fractional part or share
. time, repetition
. axle-trees
. stays, supports for laver
. tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle
. a (beckoning) hand
. יַד with prep.
3027 yad yawd
a primitive word; a hand (the open one (indicating power,
means, direction, etc.), in distinction from 3709, the closed
one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of
applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate
and remote (as follows):--(+ be) able, X about, + armholes,
at, axletree, because of, beside, border, X bounty, + broad,
(broken-)handed, X by, charge, coast, + consecrate, +
creditor, custody, debt, dominion, X enough, + fellowship,
force, X from, hand(-staves, -y work), X he, himself, X in,
labour, + large, ledge, (left-)handed, means, X mine,
ministry, near, X of, X order, ordinance, X our, parts, pain,
power, X presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay,
draw with strength, stroke, + swear, terror, X thee, X by
them, X themselves, X thine own, X thou, through, X throwing,
+ thumb, times, X to, X under, X us, X wait on, (way-)side,
יָד (yad) — hand.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)
1d) (various special, technical senses)
1d1) sign, monument
1d2) part, fractional part, share
1d3) time, repetition
1d4) axle-trees, axle
1d5) stays, support (for laver)
1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)
1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)
1d8) wrists
יָד (yad) — hand: power.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)
1d) (various special, technical senses)
1d1) sign, monument
1d2) part, fractional part, share
1d3) time, repetition
1d4) axle-trees, axle
1d5) stays, support (for laver)
1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)
1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)
1d8) wrists
יָד (yad) — hand: themselves.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
HNcbsc/Sp2ms — Noun common both singular construct · suffixHNcbsc/Sp2ms
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
HR — PrepositionHR
The Hebrew word צַר (tsar) is built from the root meaning 'narrow' or 'tight.' It encompasses a range of meanings including 'distress,' 'adversary,' and 'hard pebble' or 'flint.' The term can refer to physical tightness or metaphorical trouble, as well as an enemy or foe. It appears in contexts of anguish and tribulation, with a specific verse reference in Isaiah 5:28.
צַר adj. narrow, tight
base
צַר n.[m.] straits, distress
base
צַר 68 n.m. adversary, foe
base
צַר n.[m.] hard pebble, flint;—Is 5:28
ref
H6862a צַר narrow, tight H6862b צַר straits, distress H6862c צַר adversary, foe H6862d צַר hard pebble, flint
6862 tsar tsar
or tsar {tsawr}; from 6887; narrow; (as a noun) a tight place
(usually figuratively, i.e. trouble); also a pebble (as in
6864); (transitive) an opponent (as crowding):--adversary,
afflicted(-tion), anguish, close, distress, enemy, flint, foe,
narrow, small, sorrow, strait, tribulation, trouble.
see HEBREW for 06887
see HEBREW for 06864
צַר (tsar) — narrow.
narrow, tight
צַר (tsar) — distress.
straits, distress
צַר (tsar) — enemy.
adversary, foe, enemy, oppressor
צַר (tsar) — hard.
hard pebble, flint
HNcmpc/Sp2ms — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp2ms
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
HC/Ncmsc — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
אֹיֵב (oyeb) means 'enemy' or 'foe,' indicating hostility. It can refer to personal or national adversaries. The word is derived from the active participle of another root, אָיַב (ayab), which also conveys the sense of being hostile.
[אָיַב] 283 vb. be hostile to (enemy = אֹיֵב)
base
H341 אָיַב be hostile to (enemy = אֹיֵב)
341 'oyeb o-yabe'
or (fully) owyeb {o-yabe'}; active participle of 340;
hating; an adversary:--enemy, foe.
see HEBREW for 0340
אֹיֵב (o.yev) — enemy.
1) (Qal) enemy
1a) personal
1b) national
HVqrmpc/Sp2ms — Verb qal participle (active) masculine plural common · suffixHVqrmpc/Sp2ms
כָּרַת (karath) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cut off, cut down, or make a covenant. It encompasses a range of actions from physically cutting to forming alliances, often implying destruction or elimination. The verb appears in various forms, indicating different nuances such as being cut off or destroyed. Notably, it can also refer to the act of making a covenant, which traditionally involved cutting flesh.
כָּרַת 291 vb. cut off, cut down
Qal
cut off
cut down
hew, timber
cut, or make a covenant
Niph.
be cut off
be cut down
be chewed between the teeth
be cut off, in a more general sense fail
Pual
be cut off
be cut down
Hiph.
cut off, flattering lips
cut off, destroy the life of
cut down, destroy, cities
take away
permit to perish
base
H3772 כָּרַת cut off, cut down .. cut off
. cut down
. hew, timber
. cut, or make a covenant
. . be cut off
. be cut down
. be chewed between the teeth
. be cut off, in a more general sense fail
.. be cut off
. be cut down
. . cut off, flattering lips
. cut off, destroy the life of
. cut down, destroy, cities
. take away
. permit to perish
3772 karath kaw-rath'
a primitive root; to cut (off, down or asunder); by
implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant
(i.e. make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutting flesh
and passing between the pieces):--be chewed, be
con-(feder-)ate, covenant, cut (down, off), destroy, fail,
feller, be freed, hew (down), make a league ((covenant)), X
lose, perish, X utterly, X want.
כָּרַת (ka.rat) — to cut: cut.
: cut/fell
1) to cut, cut off, cut down, cut off a body part, cut out, eliminate, kill, cut a covenant
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cut off
1a1a) to cut off a body part, behead
1a2) to cut down
1a3) to hew
1a4) to cut or make a covenant
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be cut off
1b2) to be cut down
1b3) to be chewed
1b4) to be cut off, fail
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be cut off
1c2) to be cut down
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cut off
1d2) to cut off, destroy
1d3) to cut down, destroy
1d4) to take away
1d5) to permit to perish
1e) (Hophal) cut off
כָּרַת (ka.rat) — to cut: make(covenant).
: make(covenant)
1) to cut, cut off, cut down, cut off a body part, cut out, eliminate, kill, cut a covenant
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cut off
1a1a) to cut off a body part, behead
1a2) to cut down
1a3) to hew
1a4) to cut or make a covenant
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be cut off
1b2) to be cut down
1b3) to be chewed
1b4) to be cut off, fail
Conj | V-Hiphil-1cs — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVNi3mp