Job 4:16 — Word Study
WLCיַעֲמֹ֤ד׀ וְֽלֹא־ אַכִּ֬יר מַרְאֵ֗הוּ תְּ֭מוּנָה לְנֶ֣גֶד עֵינָ֑י דְּמָמָ֖ה וָק֣וֹל אֶשְׁמָֽע׃
BSAIt stood stillʻâmad▸ [came to a complete halt] but I could notlôʼ discernnâkar▸ [recognize or perceive] its appearancemarʼeh [visible form, likeness] a formtᵉmûwnâh [image, likeness] loomed beforeneged [stood, was present, in front of, opposite] my eyesʻayin [sight, vision] and I heardshâmaʻ▸ [listened to, perceived] a whisperingdᵉmâmâh [soft, quiet] voiceqôwl [sound, utterance]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יַעֲמֹ֤ד׀ | it stood still | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| וְֽלֹא־ | and not | Conjunction, particle |
| אַכִּ֬יר | I recognized | Verb, Hiphil, imperfect first person common singular |
| מַרְאֵ֗הוּ | appearance its | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| תְּ֭מוּנָה | a form | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| לְנֶ֣גֶד | [was] to before | Preposition |
| עֵינָ֑י | eyes my | Noun common feminine dual construct, suffix |
| דְּמָמָ֖ה | a whisper | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| וָק֣וֹל | and a voice | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| אֶשְׁמָֽע׃ | I heard | Verb, Qal, imperfect first person common singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | It stood still, but I could not discern its appearance; a form loomed before my eyes, and I heard a whispering voice: |
| KJV | It stood still, but I could not discern the form thereof: an image was before mine eyes, there was silence, and I heard a voice, saying, |
| ASV | It stood still, but I could not discern the appearance thereof; A form was before mine eyes: There was silence, and I heard a voice, saying, |
| YLT | It standeth, and I discern not its aspect, A similitude [is] over-against mine eyes, Silence! and a voice I hear: |
| WEB | It stood still, but I couldn’t discern its appearance. A form was before my eyes. Silence, then I heard a voice, saying, |
| BBE | Something was present before me, but I was not able to see it clearly; there was a form before my eyes: a quiet voice came to my ears, saying: |
Where they part company is מַרְאֵהוּ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence contains a main clause followed by several subordinate clauses that elaborate on Job's perception and experience.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectתְּמוּנָה
verbעָמַד
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 4:16
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Encounter with the Divinegenerated
Job 4:16 describes a moment where Job encounters a presence that stands still before him, yet he cannot discern its true form. This moment is part of a larger discourse on the nature of divine communication and the human experience of suffering, as Job reflects on the mysterious ways in which God interacts with humanity. The surrounding verses illustrate Job's struggle to understand his circumstances and the divine messages he receives.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Kings 19:12 | After the earthquake there was a fire, but the LORD was not in the fire. And after the fire came a still, small voice. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — עָמַד, ya.'a.Modgenerated
The verb עָמַד (amad) means 'to stand' and conveys a sense of stability or presence. It is used here in the imperfect tense, indicating a continuing state of being, which enhances the idea of the presence being firmly established before Job.
This word can refer to both literal standing and a figurative sense of enduring or remaining. In this context, it emphasizes the stillness of the presence Job perceives, contrasting with his inability to recognize its form.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יַעֲמֹ֤ד governs the main clause, indicating the action of standing still. This verb is followed by a negation and a verb indicating Job's inability to recognize, creating a contrast between presence and perception.
The structure of the verse includes multiple clauses: the main clause introduces the standing presence, followed by clauses that describe Job's inability to discern its appearance and the auditory experience of a whispering voice.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates עָמַד as ἀνέστην, which means 'I stood up' or 'I arose.' This choice implies an active presence, suggesting a more dynamic interpretation of the standing still compared to the Hebrew.
The Greek word μορφὴ for תְּמוּנָה indicates a focus on form or shape, which aligns with the visual aspect of Job's experience but may carry a slightly different nuance than the Hebrew.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 4:16 describes a moment when Job sees a presence that stands still before him, but he cannot recognize its form. He hears a whispering voice, adding to the mystery of the encounter. This reflects Job's struggle to understand what he perceives and the messages he receives.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Job refers to a presence or spirit that he perceives as immobile, suggesting a moment of stillness that contrasts with his inability to understand its nature.
Job's inability to recognize the form suggests the mysterious and often incomprehensible nature of divine encounters, emphasizing the limits of human perception.
The whispering voice adds an element of intimacy and mystery to the encounter, suggesting that divine communication can be subtle and quiet, yet impactful.
This verse highlights Job's struggle with understanding his suffering and the divine messages he receives, reflecting the broader themes of the Book of Job regarding faith and the nature of God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I experienced moments of stillness or presence that I could not fully understand?
- How do I respond when I feel a sense of divine communication, but it is unclear or subtle?
- What does it mean to me to recognize forms or signs of the divine in my life?
- How can I cultivate a deeper awareness of the quiet whispers of God in my daily experiences?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Christian writers have commented on Job's experiences, interpreting the mysterious presence and voice as reflections on divine communication and human understanding.
There stood a certain one, but I could not discern the form thereof. For we do not speak of a certain one, saving surely in the case of him, whom we are either unwilling or unable to express.Early Church Fathers on Job 4 →
ON HOW HERETICS MISUSE THIS VERSE. And when a spirit passed before my face, the hair of my flesh stood up. There stood one, but I knew not the face of him.Early Church Fathers on Job 4 →
Eliphaz employs “murmur” and “voice” as words to express his ideas about God. As … the murmur and the voice strike our ears, they have no form or aspect. We only receive their sensation.Early Church Fathers on Job 4 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 4:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleIt stood still,.... That is, the spirit, or the angel in a visible form; it was before going to and fro, but now it stood still right against Eliphaz, as if it had something to say to him, and so
Read John Gill on Job 4 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryIt stood still, but I could not discern the form thereof: an image was before mine eyes, there was silence, and I heard a voice, saying, It stood still.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 4 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleIt stood still; having passed by him to and again he made a stand, as one that had some business with him, and addressed himself to speak to him. I could not discern the form thereof; to wit, exactly and distinctly, so as to know what or who it was. An image was before mine eyes; I saw some corporal or visible resemblance, though in a confused manner. There was silence: the spirit, which possibly had made some noise with his motion, now standing still made no noise; all other persons and things about me were silent, and I also kept in my voice and breath as much as I could, that I might distinctly hear what I perceived the spirit was speaking to me. In the Hebrew the words run thus, silence…
Read Matthew Poole on Job 4 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 4:16 It stood still, but I could not discern the form thereof: an image [was] before mine eyes, [there was] silence, and I heard a voice, [saying],Ver. 16. It stood still] As now ready to speak. An ambulatory voice is hardly heard: the heavens, indeed, are walking preachers, but then they utter but these three words (Lib. ii. de Arca, cap. 3), saith Hugo, in all languages, Accipe, Redde, Fuge, that is, Receive mercies, Return duties, Flee offences, and their just punishments. But I could not discern the form thereof] Heb. the aspect or countenance. He was so frighted, that his eye could not do its office distinctly, to discern the thing that was just before it. It is natural to a man to…
Read John Trapp on Job 4 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges16. it stood still] It is the mysterious object in his presence. there was silence, and I heard a voice] lit. stillness and a voice I heard, i. e. probably, I heard a still voice; cf. “whisper,” Job 4:12.
Read Cambridge on Job 4 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleIt stood still - It took a fixed position and looked on me. It at first glided by, or toward him, then stood in an immovable position, as if to attract his attention, and to prepare him for the
Read Albert Barnes on Job 4 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible16. An image — ϊξεπδ(rendered by the Septuagint μορφη, form, comp. Philippians 2:6) is used in Numbers 12:8 of some glorious, visible representation of God. (Sept.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 4 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
It stood still, but I could not discern its appearance; a form loomed before my eyes, and I heard a whispering voice:
It stood still, but I couldn’t discern its appearance. A form was before my eyes. Silence, then I heard a voice, saying,
It stood still, but I could not discern its appearance; a form loomed before my eyes, and I heard a whispering voice:
It stands still, but I cannot recognize its appearance; an image is before my eyes, and I hear a murmuring voice:
Tyndale line
It stood still, but I could not discern the form thereof: an image was before mine eyes, there was silence, and I heard a voice, saying,
It stood still, but I could not discern the appearance thereof; A form was before mine eyes: There was silence, and I heard a voice, saying,
It stood still, but I could not discern the appearance thereof; a form was before mine eyes: there was silence, and I heard a voice, saying,
It stood still, but I could not discern its form: an image was before my eyes, there was silence, and I heard a voice, saying ,
Then stoode one, and I knewe not his face: an image was before mine eyes, and in silence heard I a voyce, saying,
Strictly literal
It stood still; I could not discern the appearance thereof: a form was before mine eyes; I heard a slight murmur and a voice:
It standeth, and I discern not its aspect, A similitude [is] over-against mine eyes, Silence! and a voice I hear:
It stands, and I do not discern its aspect, || A likeness [is] before my eyes, || Silence! And I hear a voice:
It stood still, but I could not recognize its form; a figure was before my eyes, a slight whisper, then a [louder] voice I heard, saying,
The spirit stood still, but I could not discern its appearance. A form was before my eyes; there was silence, and I heard a voice that said,
From the Latin
There stood one whose countenance I knew not, an image before my eyes, and I heard the voice as it were of a gentle wind:
Simplified
Something stopped, but I couldn't see its face. My eyes could only make out a shape. It was totally quiet, and then I heard a voice:
Something was present before me, but I was not able to see it clearly; there was a form before my eyes: a quiet voice came to my ears, saying:
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with a complete match of all ten words. This indicates a strong consistency in the transmission of this part of the text across these traditions.
יַעֲמֹ֤ד׀ וְֽלֹא־ אַכִּ֬יר מַרְאֵ֗הוּ תְּ֭מוּנָה לְנֶ֣גֶד עֵינָ֑י דְּמָמָ֖ה וָק֣וֹל אֶשְׁמָֽע׃
10 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 4:16
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word עָמַד (amad) means to stand and encompasses a variety of related actions such as remaining, enduring, and taking a stand. It can refer to both literal and figurative stances, including presenting oneself or being appointed. The word appears in various contexts, including standing still, ceasing movement, and even serving. There are different forms of the verb, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, each with specific nuances.
עָמַד 620 take one's stand, stand
Qal 435
take one's stand, and (esp. pt.) stand, be in a standing attitude
stand forth
take a stand against, in opposition to
present oneself before
attend upon, be(come) servant of
stand afar
stand (silent)
stand (appealingly)
stand, subj. רֶגֶל
stand, of water
stand still, stop, cease moving
= be inactive
= be attentive
stop, cease doing a thing
tarry, delay
remain
continue, abide
endure
be steadfast
persist
make a stand, hold one's ground
stand upright
arise, appear, come on the scene
stand forth, appear = come into being
rise up as foe
rare usages
Hiph.
83station, set
cause to stand firm
cause to stand up, set up, erect
present one before king
appoint
other meanings
Hoph. be presented
base
H5975 עָמַד take one's stand, stand .. . take one's stand, and (esp. pt.) stand, be in a standing attitude
. stand forth
. take a stand against, in opposition to
. present oneself before
. attend upon, be(come) servant of
. stand afar
. stand (silent)
. stand (appealingly)
. stand, subj. רֶגֶל
. stand, of water
. . stand still, stop, cease moving
. = be inactive
. = be attentive
. stop, cease doing a thing
. . tarry, delay
. remain
. continue, abide
. endure
. be steadfast
. persist
. make a stand, hold one's ground
. stand upright
. . arise, appear, come on the scene
. stand forth, appear = come into being
. rise up as foe
. rare usages
. . station, set
. cause to stand firm
. cause to stand up, set up, erect
. present one before king
. appoint
. other meanings
. be presented
5975 `amad aw-mad'
a primitive root; to stand, in various relations (literal and
figurative, intransitive and transitive):--abide (behind),
appoint, arise, cease, confirm, continue, dwell, be employed,
endure, establish, leave, make, ordain, be (over), place, (be)
present (self), raise up, remain, repair, + serve, set (forth,
over, -tle, up), (make to, make to be at a, with-)stand (by,
fast, firm, still, up), (be at a) stay (up), tarry.
עָמַד (a.mad) — to stand: stand.
: stand/stop/establish
1) to stand, remain, endure, take one's stand
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to stand, take one's stand, be in a standing attitude, stand forth, take a stand, present oneself, attend upon, be or become servant of
1a2) to stand still, stop (moving or doing), cease
1a3) to tarry, delay, remain, continue, abide, endure, persist, be steadfast
1a4) to make a stand, hold one's ground
1a5) to stand upright, remain standing, stand up, rise, be erect, be upright
1a6) to arise, appear, come on the scene, stand forth, appear, rise up or against
1a7) to stand with, take one's stand, be appointed, grow flat, grow insipid
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to station, set
1b2) to cause to stand firm, maintain
1b3) to cause to stand up, cause to set up, erect
1b4) to present (one) before (king)
1b5) to appoint, ordain, establish
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
stil: "To be still" is "to keep silence" (Ps 4:4, etc.) and so "to be quiet" (Ps 107:29, etc.) or "inactive" in any way (Jud 18:9; 1Ki 22:3; Zec 1:11, etc.). So "be still" in Ps 46:10 means "desist from your war" (compare the Revised Version margin "let be"). The "still small voice" of 1Ki 19:12 (the Revised Version margin "sound of gentle stillness") is due to taking the Hebrew demamah in its literal force of "silent," but the word here means "whisper"--"a whispering, little voice." This familiar passage…
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particleHC/Tn
The Hebrew word נָכַר (nakar) encompasses meanings related to recognition and alienation. It can signify acknowledging, regarding, or understanding someone or something, as well as treating something as foreign or strange. The entries highlight its use in various forms, including recognizing and disguising, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
[נָכַר] vb. (not Qal) regard, recognize
Niph. they are not recognized
Pi. he regardeth not the opulent above the poor
Hiph.
regard, observe, esp. with a view to recognition
Recognize (as formerly known)
Be willing to recognize, acknowledge
Be acquianted with
Distinguish, understand
Hithp. Impf by his deeds a youth maketh himself known, whether his doing be pure, etc.
base
[נכר] vb. denom. act or treat as foreign, or strange; disguise, misconstrue
Niph. with his lips a hater disguiseth himself
Pi. and they have treated this place as foreign
Hithp. he acted as a stranger toward them
base
H5234a נָכַר (not Qal) regard, recognize . they are not recognized
. he regardeth not the opulent above the poor
. . regard, observe, esp. with a view to recognition
. Recognize (as formerly known)
. Be willing to recognize, acknowledge
. Be acquianted with
. Distinguish, understand
. Impf by his deeds a youth maketh himself known, whether his doing be pure, etc.
H5234b נכר vb. denom. act or treat as foreign, or strange; disguise, misconstrue
5234 nakar naw-kar'
a primitive root; properly, to scrutinize, i.e. look intently
at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be
acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (with suspicion
implied), to disregard, ignore, be strange toward, reject,
resign, dissimulate (as if ignorant or
disowning):--acknowledge, X could, deliver, discern,
dissemble, estrange, feign self to be another, know, take
knowledge (notice), perceive, regard, (have) respect, behave
(make) self strange(-ly).
נָכַר (na.khar) — to recognize.
1) to recognise, acknowledge, know, respect, discern, regard
1a) (Niphal) to be recognised
1b) (Piel) to regard
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to regard, observe, pay attention to, pay regard to, notice
1c2) to recognise (as formerly known), perceive
1c3) to be willing to recognise or acknowledge, acknowledge with honour
1c4) to be acquainted with
1c5) to distinguish, understand
1d) (Hithpael) to make oneself known
נָכַר (na.khar) — to alienate.
1) to act or treat as foreign or strange, disguise, misconstrue
1a) (Niphal) to disguise oneself
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to treat as foreign (profane)
1b2) to misconstrue
1c) (Hithpael)
1c1) to act as alien
1c2) to disguise oneself
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singularHVhi1cs
מַרְאֶה (mar'eh) refers to sight, appearance, or vision, encompassing both physical and supernatural aspects of what is seen. It can denote a phenomenon, spectacle, or the power of seeing. The word is derived from a root meaning to see, and it covers a range of meanings related to visual perception.
מַרְאֶה 102 n.m. sight, appearance, vision
sight, phenomenon, spectacle
appearance
appearance, sight, vision
in gen. what is seen
specif. a (supernat.) vision
sight, vision = power of seeing (and enjoying), late
base
H4758 מַרְאֶה sight, appearance, vision . . sight, phenomenon, spectacle
. appearance
. appearance, sight, vision
. in gen. what is seen
. specif. a (supernat.) vision
. sight, vision = power of seeing (and enjoying), late
4758 mar'eh mar-eh'
from 7200; a view (the act of seeing); also an appearance
(the thing seen), whether (real) a shape (especially if
handsome, comeliness; often plural the looks), or (mental) a
vision:--X apparently, appearance(-reth), X as soon as
beautiful(-ly), countenance, fair, favoured, form, goodly, to
look (up) on (to), look(-eth), pattern, to see, seem, sight,
visage, vision.
see HEBREW for 07200
מַרְאֶה (mar.eh) — appearance.
1) sight, appearance, vision
1a) sight, phenomenon, spectacle, appearance, vision
1b) what is seen
1c) a vision (supernatural)
1d) sight, vision (power of seeing)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
תְּמוּנָה (tmuwnah) refers to a likeness or form, derived from a root meaning to fashion or shape. It encompasses concepts such as image, representation, and embodiment. The term is used in various contexts, including figurative manifestations of favor. Brown-Driver-Briggs and Strong's provide similar definitions, focusing on its meaning as a likeness or form.
תְּמוּנָה n.f. likeness, form
base
H8544 תְּמוּנָה likeness, form
8544 tmuwnah tem-oo-naw'
or tmunah {tem-oo-naw'}; from 4327; something portioned (i.e.
fashioned) out, as a shape, i.e. (indefinitely) phantom, or
(specifically) embodiment, or (figuratively) manifestation (of
favor):--image, likeness, similitude.
see HEBREW for 04327
תְּמוּנָה (te.mu.nah) — likeness.
form, image, likeness, representation, semblance
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
form (yatsar, to'ar; morphe):
(1) To form is "to fashion," "create," "produce." In the Old Testament it is for the most part the translation of yatsar, "to form," "to fashion" (Ge 2:7, etc., "Yahweh God formed man of the dust of the ground," etc.); also of chul and chil, "to be twisted" "turned round" "to bring forth (in pain)" (compare Isa 13:8; Mic 4:10; De 32:18 the King James Version, "God that formed thee"; Job 26:13 the King James Version; Ps 90:2, "or ever thou hadst formed the earth" etc.; Pr 26:10 the King…
→ IN RELIGIOUS SERVICE 1Ch 15:13,14; 2Ch 29:34
→ IRREGULARITIES IN 2Ch 30:2-5,17-20; Mt 12:3,4
See CHURCH AND STATE
נֶ֫גֶד (neged) refers to something that is conspicuous or in front, functioning as both a noun and an adverb. It denotes a position opposite or before someone, often used to indicate presence or visibility. The word can imply a counterpart or mate, and it appears in contexts emphasizing sight or proximity.
נֶ֫גֶד 151 subst. what is conspicuous or in front, always as adv. or prep. in front of, in sight of, opposite to
base
H5048 נֶ֫גֶד subst. what is conspicuous or in front, always as adv. or prep. in front of, in sight of, opposite to
5048 neged neh'-ghed
from 5046; a front, i.e. part opposite; specifically a
counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with
preposition) over against or before:--about, (over) against,
X aloof, X far (off), X from, over, presence, X other side,
sight, X to view.
see HEBREW for 05046
נֶ֫גֶד (ne.ged) — before.
subst
1) what is conspicuous, what is in front of
adv
2) in front of, straight forward, before, in sight of
3) in front of oneself, straightforward
4) before your face, in your view or purpose
with prep
5) what is in front of, corresponding to
6) in front of, before
7) in the sight or presence of
8) parallel to
9) over, for
10) in front, opposite
11) at a distance
prep
12) from the front of, away from
13) from before the eyes of, opposite to, at a distance from
14) from before, in front of
15) as far as the front of
Aramaic equivalent: ne.ged (נֶ֫גֶד "before" H5049)
Prep | Prep — PrepositionHR/Acmsc
be-for': The translation of a great variety of Hebrew and Greek words. "Haran died before (the English Revised Version "in the presence of," literally "before the face of") his father Terah" (Ge 11:28). To be "before" God is to enjoy His favor (Ps 31:22). "The Syrians before" (Isa 9:12 the Revised Version, margin "on the east," as "behind," owing to the position of Canaan, relative to Syria, implies the west).
The Hebrew word עַ֫יִן (*'ayin*) means 'eye' and can refer to both the physical organ and its figurative uses, such as mental qualities and desires. It also denotes a 'spring' or 'fountain' of water. The entries highlight various phrases and contexts, including appearances and expressions of emotion, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicons.
עַ֫יִן 859 n.f. eye
lit. as physical organ
eyes as showing mental qualities
desire of the eyes, abominations of the eyes
Fig. of mental and physical faculties, acts and states
Transferred mngs.:
visible surface of earth
appearance
gleam, sparkle
Other phrases are: an eye for an eye; eye to eye; in the presence of, in full view of; of business transaction; on the forehead
base
עַ֫יִן n.f. spring (of water). Particular springs are:
ע׳ חֲרֹר Ju 7:1
ע׳ הַקּוֹרֵא (partridge-spring) Ju 15:19
ע׳ רֹגֵל near Jerus.
ע׳ הַתַּנִּין (dragon-spring)
base
H5869a עַ֫יִן eye . lit. as physical organ
. . eyes as showing mental qualities
. desire of the eyes, abominations of the eyes
. Fig. of mental and physical faculties, acts and states
. Transferred mngs.: . visible surface of earth
. appearance
. gleam, sparkle
. Other phrases are: an eye for an eye; eye to eye; in the presence of, in full view of; of business transaction; on the forehead
H5869b עַ֫יִן spring (of water)
5869 `ayin ah'-yin
probably a primitive word; an eye (literally or
figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the
landscape):--affliction, outward appearance, + before, +
think best, colour, conceit, + be content, countenance, +
displease, eye((-brow), (-d), -sight), face, + favour,
fountain, furrow (from the margin), X him, + humble,
knowledge, look, (+ well), X me, open(-ly), + (not) please,
presence, + regard, resemblance, sight, X thee, X them, +
think, X us, well, X you(-rselves).
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye.
: eye
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — Fountain (Gate).
§ spring, fountain
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — Fountain of.
§ spring, fountain
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: seeing.
: seeing
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: appearance.
: appearance
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: before(the eyes).
: before(the_eyes)
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
1a3) of mental and spiritual faculties (fig.)
עַ֫יִן (a.yin) — eye: sin.
: sin
1) eye
1a) eye
1a1) of physical eye
1a2) as showing mental qualities
N-cd | Suff — Noun common feminine dual construct · suffixHNcfdc/Sp1bs
דְּמָמָה (dmamah) is a feminine noun meaning silence or calm. It conveys a sense of quietness and stillness, as noted in various lexicons. The word is derived from a related root, דָּמָם (damam), which also pertains to quietness.
דְּמָמָה n.f. (silence) whisper
base
H1827 דְּמָמָה
1827 dmamah dem-aw-maw'
feminine from 1826; quiet:--calm, silence, still.
see HEBREW for 01826
דְּמָמָה (de.ma.mah) — silence.
whisper, calm
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
→ See BUSYBODY
→ See SLANDER
→ See TALEBEARER
קוֹל (qol) primarily means 'voice' or 'sound,' encompassing various contexts such as music, noise, and even thunder. It can also denote lightness or frivolity. The word is built from a root meaning to call aloud and appears in various forms throughout the Old Testament, including a reference in Jeremiah 3:9.
ref
H6963a קוֹל sound, voice H6963b קֹל lightness, frivolity
6963 qowl kole
or qol {kole}; from an unused root meaning to call aloud; a
voice or sound:--+ aloud, bleating, crackling, cry (+ out),
fame, lightness, lowing, noise, + hold peace, (pro-)claim,
proclamation, + sing, sound, + spark, thunder(-ing), voice, +
yell.
קוֹל (qol) — voice.
: voice/shout/loud
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קֹל (qol) — frivolity.
lightness, frivolity
קוֹל (qol) — voice: sound.
: sound/noise
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: thunder.
: thunder
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: message.
: message/proclaim
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: [sound of].
: [sound_of](THING)
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: listen.
: listen
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama`) means 'to hear' and encompasses a range of meanings including listening, obeying, and proclaiming. It is built from a primitive root and can imply attention and understanding. The entries highlight various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of hearing and obeying. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
שָׁמַע 1152 vb. hear
Qal 1052
subj. pers. hum.
י׳ (God) subj.
Niph. 42 be heard, of voice, sound
be heard of
be regarded, obeyed
= (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice.
Pi. he caused the people to hear
Hiph. 63
of man
י׳ subj.
base
H8085 שָׁמַע hear
8085 shama` shaw-mah'
a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with
implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to
tell, etc.):--X attentively, call (gather) together, X
carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content,
declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make
to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be)
obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish,
regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell,
understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: hear.
: hear
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to
1a5) to understand (language)
1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)
1a7) to listen, give heed
1a7a) to consent, agree
1a7b) to grant request
1a8) to listen to, yield to
1a9) to obey, be obedient
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)
1b2) to be heard of
1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed
1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound
1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)
1d3) to make proclamation, summon
1d4) to cause to be heard
n m
2) sound
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: obey.
: obey
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
V-Qal-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Qal · imperfect first person common singularHVqi1cs