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Job 37:2 — Word Study

Depth

WLCשִׁמְע֤וּ שָׁמ֣וֹעַ בְּרֹ֣גֶז קֹל֑וֹ וְ֝הֶ֗גֶה מִפִּ֥יו יֵצֵֽא׃

BSAListen closelyshâmaʻ [hear attentively, give ear] to the thunderrôgez [turmoil, commotion] of His voiceqôwl [sound, the noise that comes from Him] and the rumblinghegeh [moaning, sound] [that] comesyâtsâʼ from His mouthpeh [goes out of, proceeds from, lip, the edge of His speaking]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 37
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 2 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ye.Tze') — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 37:2quick helps
In a sentenceJob calls the listener to pay attention to the powerful sounds of God's voice.
Who is speakingJob, conveying a message about God's might.
Where we areIn a poetic discourse about God's power in nature.
The hard wordבְּרֹ֣גֶז
Take awayThe verse emphasizes the need to listen to the overwhelming presence of God.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbשָׁמַע The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 37:2

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — God's Majesty in Creationgenerated

1“At this my heart also pounds and leaps from its place.
2Listen closely to the thunder of His voice and the rumbling that comes from His mouth.
3He unleashes His lightning beneath the whole sky and sends it to the ends of the earth.
4Then there comes a roaring sound; He thunders with His majestic voice. He does not restrain the lightning when His voice resounds.

Job 37:2 calls for attentive listening to the thunderous sounds that signify God's voice. This verse is part of a larger discourse where Job reflects on the majesty and power of God as revealed through nature. The imagery of thunder and rumbling highlights God's authority and the awe He inspires, as seen throughout the surrounding verses in Job 37.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 37:5God thunders wondrously with His voice; He does great things we cannot comprehend.
2Job 36:29–33Furthermore, who can understand how the clouds spread out, how the thunder roars from His pavilion?
3Job 38:1Then the LORD answered Job out of the whirlwind and said:
4Exodus 19:16–19On the third day, when morning came, there was thunder and lightning. A thick cloud was upon the mountain, and a very loud blast of the ram’s horn went out, so that all the people in the camp trembled.
5Psalm 104:7At Your rebuke the waters fled; at the sound of Your thunder they hurried away—

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word שִׁמְע֤וּ, shim.'Ugenerated

The word שִׁמְע֤וּ (shim.'U) is an imperative form of the verb שָׁמַע (shama`), meaning 'to listen' or 'to hear.' It is a call to action, urging the audience to pay close attention, often implying obedience and understanding. This verb is frequently used in contexts where God speaks, emphasizing the importance of heeding His words.

The parsing as a second person masculine plural imperative indicates that Job is addressing a group, urging them collectively to listen attentively to the powerful sounds associated with God. This word sets the tone for the reverence and seriousness of the message being conveyed.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses the phrase Listen closely.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb שִׁמְע֤וּ (listen) governs the structure of the verse, with several phrases elaborating on what should be listened to. The prepositional phrase בְּרֹ֣גֶז (to the raging of) describes the tumultuous sound, followed by the noun phrases detailing the voice and rumbling.

The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the imperative call to listen first, highlighting its importance in the overall message about God's powerful communication through nature.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates שִׁמְע֤וּ as ἄκουε (akoue), meaning 'hear' or 'listen.' This choice reflects a direct command to the audience, similar to the Hebrew, maintaining the imperative tone.

The use of ὀργῇ for בְּרֹ֣גֶז indicates a focus on the emotional intensity of the sound, aligning with the Hebrew's connotation of turmoil.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 37:2 urges listeners to pay close attention to the powerful sounds of God's voice, described as thunder and rumbling. This verse emphasizes the importance of recognizing God's presence in the natural world, highlighting His authority and majesty.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to listen closely to God's voice?

Listening closely to God's voice means being attentive to His communication, recognizing His authority, and responding with obedience.

How does nature reflect God's power?

Nature reflects God's power through its grandeur and the awe-inspiring phenomena, such as thunder and lightning, which symbolize His might.

Why is it important to heed God's voice?

Heeding God's voice is crucial for understanding His will and guidance in our lives, as it leads to wisdom and obedience.

What role does thunder play in the biblical narrative?

Thunder often symbolizes God's presence and power in the biblical narrative, serving as a reminder of His authority over creation.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways do I actively listen for God's voice in my life?
  2. How can I cultivate a deeper awareness of God's presence in nature?
  3. What are some distractions that prevent me from hearing God's voice?
  4. How does understanding God's power influence my faith and actions?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early Church Fathers have commented on this verse, discussing the significance of listening to God's voice and the nature of His communication through creation.

Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book XXVII c. 540–604
It will hear a hearing in the terror of His voice, and a sound going out of His mouth. It is the habit of Holy Scripture, that, when it informs us that any thing is heard with the hearing, it says that this hearing is heard.
Early Church Fathers on Job 37 →
Ishodad of MervCOMMENTARY ON Job 37:2 9th c.
[By] the words “the judgment that comes from his mouth; under the whole heaven he will be praised,” [the author] speaks about the thunder that is produced in the instant itself, in which punishment is inflicted on sinners;
Early Church Fathers on Job 37 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 37:2 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Hear attentively the noise of his voice,.... Of the voice of God in the clouds; and of thunder, which is his voice, Job 40:9.

Read John Gill on Job 37 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Hear attentively the noise of his voice, and the sound that goeth out of his mouth. Hear attentively - the thunder ("noise"), etc., and then you will feel that there is good reason to tremble. Sound - muttering of the thunder.

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 37 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

It seems not improbable, that whilst Elihu was speaking it thundered greatly, and that tempest was begun wherewith God ushered in his speech, as it here follows, , and that this occasioned his return to that subject of which he had discoursed before, and his exhortation to them to mind it with deeper attention. The noise of his voice; or, his voice with trembling; because the thunder is an effect or evidence of God’ s mighty power, and ofttimes of his anger also. The sound that goeth out of his mouth; as the voice (and thunder is God’ s voice) goeth out of man’ s mouth. Or, that is produced by God’ s word or command, which is oft signified by his mouth.

Read Matthew Poole on Job 37 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 37:2 Hear attentively the noise of his voice, and the sound [that] goeth out of his mouth.Ver. 2. Hear attentively the noise of his voice] Coniunctam commotione vocem eius, the great thunder crack that now is; that angry noise, as the word signifieth. Hear in hearing; you cannot but hear it with the ears of your bodies, hear it also with the ears of your minds; tremble and sin not; contrary to the course of most men, who sin and tremble not, drowning the noise of their consciences, as the old Italians did the thunder, by ringing their greatest bells, discharging their Roaring Megs, &c. But what saith Elihu here to his hearers? Audite, audite, audite etiam atque etiam, contremiscetis et…

Read John Trapp on Job 37 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 2. Hear attentively] "Hear with hearing." The words seem to intimate that there was actually at that time a violent storm of thunder and lightning, and that the successive peals were now breaking over the house, and the lightning flashing before their eyes. The storm continued till Elihu had finished, and out of that storm the Almighty spoke. See the beginning of the succeeding chapter. See Clarke on Job 38:1. The noise of his voice] The sudden clap. And the sound that goeth out.] The peal or continued rattling, pounding, and thumping, to the end of the peal. The whole is represented as the voice of God himself, and the thunder is immediately issuing from his mouth.

Read AdamClarke on Job 37 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

2. the sound that goeth] Or, the muttering. The thunder is the voice of God, going forth out of His mouth.

Read Cambridge on Job 37 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Hear attentively - Margin, as in Hebrew “hear in hearing;” that is, bear with attention.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 37 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

2. Attentively — The Hebrew text repeats the preceding word, as in the margin, and may be read, “Hear, O hear.” The sound — äâä signifies, also, a murmur (thus Maurer) or a thought.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Job 37 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Listen closely to the thunder of His voice and the rumbling that comes from His mouth.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Hear, oh, hear the noise of his voice, the sound that goes out of his mouth.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Listen closely to the thunder of His voice and the rumbling that comes from His mouth.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Listen carefully to the thunder of his voice, to the rumbling that proceeds from his mouth.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Hear attentively the noise of his voice, and the sound that goeth out of his mouth.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Hear, oh, hear the noise of his voice, And the sound that goeth out of his mouth.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Hearken ye unto the noise of his voice, and the sound that goeth out of his mouth.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Hear attentively the noise of his voice, and the sound that goeth out of his mouth.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Heare the sound of his voyce, and the noyse that goeth out of his mouth.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Hear attentively the roar of his voice, and the murmur going forth from his mouth.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Hearken diligently to the trembling of His voice, Yea, the sound from His mouth goeth forth.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Listen diligently to the trembling of His voice, || Indeed, the sound goes forth from His mouth.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Hear, O hear, the rattling of his thunder, and the storm's roar that goeth out of his mouth.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Hear, oh, hear the noise of his voice, the sound that goes out from his mouth.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Hear ye attentively the terror of his voice, and the sound that cometh out of his mouth.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Listen carefully to God's thunderous voice that rumbles as he speaks.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

Give ear to the rolling noise of his voice; to the hollow sound which goes out of his mouth.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseverbשִׁמְע֤וּlistenadverbialשָׁמ֣וֹעַcarefully.(listen)prepositional phrase · prepositionalבְּtonoun phrasenoun phraseרֹ֣גֶזthe.rumblingnoun phraseקֹל֑his.voiceוֹhisוְ֝and.[the]noun phraseהֶ֗גֶהrumblingclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִ[which].fromnoun phraseפִּ֥יmouthוhisverbיֵצֵֽאit.comes.out

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in their wording, with a direct correspondence in the translation of the key terms. The Dead Sea Scrolls also align with the Masoretic Text, though some words were restored by an editor, indicating partial preservation.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

שִׁמְע֤וּ שָׁמ֣וֹעַ בְּרֹ֣גֶז קֹל֑וֹ וְ֝הֶ֗גֶה מִפִּ֥יו יֵצֵֽא׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
שִׁמְע֤וּἄκουεשָׁמ֣וֹעַἀκοὴνבְּרֹ֣גֶזὀργῇקֹל֑וֹκυρίουוְ֝הֶ֗גֶהμελέτηמִפִּ֥יוαὐτοῦיֵצֵֽא׃ἐχελεύσεται

7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q99a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

שמע שמע ברגז קל׳ו ובגה [מפי׳ו] [יצא]

5 words on the leather — 2 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 37:2שָׁמַעlistenlistenשָׁמַעשָׁמַעcompletelycompletelyשָׁמַערֹ֫גֶזto [the] rato [the] ragingרֹ֫גֶזקוֹלvoice hisvoice hisקוֹלהֶ֫גֶהand [the] rand [the] rumblהֶ֫גֶהפֶּה[which] fro[which] from moפֶּהיָצָאit comes ouit comes outיָצָארָגַזto trembleto trembleרָגַזהָגָהto mutterto mutterהָגָהפָּאָהto cleaveto cleaveפָּאָהקוֹלvoice: souvoice: soundקוֹלקָשַׁבto listento listenקָשַׁבנוּחַto restto restנוּחַשָׁםtherethereשָׁםתְּרוּעָהshoutshoutתְּרוּעָהשֹׁפָרtrumpettrumpetשֹׁפָראֹמֶרwordwordאֹמֶרפָּתַחto opento openפָּתַחקָרָאto encountto encounter: mקָרָאגּוֹרָלallottedallottedגּוֹרָל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 37:2

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

listen completely to [the] raging of voice his and [the] rumbling [which] from mouth his it comes out
שִׁמְע֤וּshim.'U listen H8085 Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
1,160× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To hear and listen is what this Hebrew word means, often implying attention and obedience. In Exodus and Deuteronomy, it is used when God speaks to the people, and they must listen and obey.
Amplified meaning
hear attentively, give ear
Tyndale gloss
to hear: hear
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama`) means 'to hear' and encompasses a range of meanings including listening, obeying, and proclaiming. It is built from a primitive root and can imply attention and understanding. The entries highlight various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of hearing and obeying. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁמַע 1152 vb. hear

Qal 1052

subj. pers. hum.

י׳ (God) subj.

Niph. 42 be heard, of voice, sound

be heard of

be regarded, obeyed

= (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice.

Pi. he caused the people to hear

Hiph. 63

of man

י׳ subj.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8085 שָׁמַע hear

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8085 shama` shaw-mah'

a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with

implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to

tell, etc.):--X attentively, call (gather) together, X

carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content,

declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make

to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be)

obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish,

regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell,

understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: hear.

: hear

v

1) to hear, listen to, obey

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)

1a2) to hear of or concerning

1a3) to hear (have power to hear)

1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to

1a5) to understand (language)

1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)

1a7) to listen, give heed

1a7a) to consent, agree

1a7b) to grant request

1a8) to listen to, yield to

1a9) to obey, be obedient

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)

1b2) to be heard of

1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed

1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound

1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)

1d3) to make proclamation, summon

1d4) to cause to be heard

n m

2) sound

שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: obey.

: obey

v

1) to hear, listen to, obey

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)

1a2) to hear of or concerning

1a3) to hear (have power to hear)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine plural
HVqv2mp
listen completely to [the] raging of voice his and [the] rumbling [which] from mouth his it comes out
שָׁמ֣וֹעַsha.Mo.a' completely H8085 Verb · Qal · infinitive absolute
1,160× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To hear and listen is what this Hebrew word means, often implying attention and obedience. In Exodus and Deuteronomy, it is used when God speaks to the people, and they must listen and obey.
Tyndale gloss
to hear: hear
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama`) means 'to hear' and encompasses a range of meanings including listening, obeying, and proclaiming. It is built from a primitive root and can imply attention and understanding. The entries highlight various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of hearing and obeying. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁמַע 1152 vb. hear

Qal 1052

subj. pers. hum.

י׳ (God) subj.

Niph. 42 be heard, of voice, sound

be heard of

be regarded, obeyed

= (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice.

Pi. he caused the people to hear

Hiph. 63

of man

י׳ subj.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8085 שָׁמַע hear

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8085 shama` shaw-mah'

a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with

implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to

tell, etc.):--X attentively, call (gather) together, X

carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content,

declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make

to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be)

obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish,

regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell,

understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: hear.

: hear

v

1) to hear, listen to, obey

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)

1a2) to hear of or concerning

1a3) to hear (have power to hear)

1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to

1a5) to understand (language)

1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)

1a7) to listen, give heed

1a7a) to consent, agree

1a7b) to grant request

1a8) to listen to, yield to

1a9) to obey, be obedient

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)

1b2) to be heard of

1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed

1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound

1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)

1d3) to make proclamation, summon

1d4) to cause to be heard

n m

2) sound

שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: obey.

: obey

v

1) to hear, listen to, obey

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)

1a2) to hear of or concerning

1a3) to hear (have power to hear)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVqaa — Verb · Qal · infinitive absolute
HVqaa
listen completely to [the] raging of voice his and [the] rumbling [which] from mouth his it comes out
בְּרֹ֣גֶזbe.Ro.gez to [the] raging of H7267 Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means turmoil or commotion, like the sound of thunder or a restless horse. It describes a state of agitation or trembling. The Bible uses it to talk about fear, noise, or trouble.
Amplified meaning
turmoil, commotion
Tyndale gloss
turmoil
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רֹ֫גֶז (rogez) refers to a state of agitation or turmoil, encompassing meanings like excitement, disquiet, and rage. It is derived from a root that suggests commotion or restlessness, particularly in contexts such as fear or noise. The entries consistently highlight its association with emotional disturbance and physical unrest.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רֹ֫גֶז n.m. agitation, excitement, raging

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7267 רֹ֫גֶז agitation, excitement, raging

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7267 rogez ro'-ghez

from 7264; commotion, restlessness (of a horse), crash (of

thunder), disquiet, anger:--fear, noise, rage, trouble(-ing),

wrath.

see HEBREW for 07264

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רֹ֫גֶז (ro.gez) — turmoil.

1) agitation, excitement, raging, trouble, turmoil, trembling

1a) turmoil, disquiet, raging

1b) trembling, trepidation

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
HR/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
listen completely to [the] raging of voice his and [the] rumbling [which] from mouth his it comes out
קֹל֑וֹko.Lo voice his H6963 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
506× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A voice or sound, it can refer to the sound of a person speaking, an animal, or a musical instrument. In the Bible, it is often used to describe God's voice or the sound of praise and worship.
Amplified meaning
sound, the noise that comes from Him
Tyndale gloss
voice: sound
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קוֹל (qol) primarily means 'voice' or 'sound,' encompassing various contexts such as music, noise, and even thunder. It can also denote lightness or frivolity. The word is built from a root meaning to call aloud and appears in various forms throughout the Old Testament, including a reference in Jeremiah 3:9.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קוֹל 506 n.m. sound, voice

base

קֹל n.[m.] lightness, frivolity;—Je 3:9

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6963a קוֹל sound, voice H6963b קֹל lightness, frivolity

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6963 qowl kole

or qol {kole}; from an unused root meaning to call aloud; a

voice or sound:--+ aloud, bleating, crackling, cry (+ out),

fame, lightness, lowing, noise, + hold peace, (pro-)claim,

proclamation, + sing, sound, + spark, thunder(-ing), voice, +

yell.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קוֹל (qol) — voice.

: voice/shout/loud

1) voice, sound, noise

1a) voice

1b) sound (of instrument)

קֹל (qol) — frivolity.

lightness, frivolity

קוֹל (qol) — voice: sound.

: sound/noise

1) voice, sound, noise

1a) voice

1b) sound (of instrument)

קוֹל (qol) — voice: thunder.

: thunder

1) voice, sound, noise

1a) voice

1b) sound (of instrument)

קוֹל (qol) — voice: message.

: message/proclaim

1) voice, sound, noise

1a) voice

1b) sound (of instrument)

קוֹל (qol) — voice: [sound of].

: [sound_of](THING)

1) voice, sound, noise

1a) voice

1b) sound (of instrument)

קוֹל (qol) — voice: listen.

: listen

1) voice, sound, noise

1a) voice

1b) sound (of instrument)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hiz: Used often in the King James Version with reference to a neuter or inanimate thing, or to a lower animal (Ge 1:11, "after his kind"; Le 1:16, "pluck away his crop"; Ac 12:10, "of his own accord"; 1Co 15:38, "his own body"), etc. the Revised Version (British and American) substitutes "its."

listen completely to [the] raging of voice his and [the] rumbling [which] from mouth his it comes out
וְ֝הֶ֗גֶהve.He.geh and [the] rumbling H1899 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absolute
3× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A moaning sound, like the rumble of thunder or a person's sigh, as in Isaiah 29:4 where it describes a moaning voice.
Amplified meaning
moaning, sound
Tyndale gloss
moaning
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הֶ֫גֶה (hegeh) refers to a sound characterized by rumbling, growling, or moaning. It encompasses meanings related to muttering, sighing, and mourning. The word is derived from a root that suggests a connection to deep, resonant sounds, and it appears in contexts where such expressions are relevant.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הֶ֫גֶה n.m. a rumbling, growling, moaning

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1899 הֶ֫גֶה a rumbling, growling, moaning

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1899 hegeh heh'-geh

from 1897; a muttering (in sighing, thought, or as

thunder):--mourning, sound, tale.

see HEBREW for 01897

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הֶ֫גֶה (he.geh) — moaning.

1) a rumbling, growling, moaning

1a) a rumbling, growling

1b) a moaning

1c) a sigh, moan, sighing

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absolute
HC/Ncmsa
listen completely to [the] raging of voice his and [the] rumbling [which] from mouth his it comes out
מִפִּ֥יוmi.Piv [which] from mouth his H6310 Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
498× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word refers to the mouth, lips, or edge of something, and can also mean a portion or side of something. It is often used to describe speech or the act of speaking. This word appears in various forms, such as mouth, lip, or edge.
Amplified meaning
goes out of, proceeds from, lip, the edge of His speaking
Tyndale gloss
lip
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word פֶּה (*peh*) means 'mouth' and encompasses various meanings, including the mouth of a person or animal, as well as openings or orifices. It can also refer to speech, edges, and portions. Additionally, it denotes a weight equal to one third of a shekel, found in 1 Samuel 13:21.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פֶּה 485 n.m. mouth

mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking

external organ

much oftener, as organ of speech, of man

as laughing; panting

of God

of idols

of musical instr. = sound

of animals; hence of edge of sword

mouth = opening, orifice

extremity, end

= portion

with preps.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6310 פֶּה mouth . . mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking

. external organ

. . much oftener, as organ of speech, of man

. as laughing; panting

. of God

. of idols

. of musical instr. = sound

. of animals

. mouth = opening, orifice

. . extremity, end

. = portion

. with preps.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6310 peh peh

from 6284; the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether

literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically

edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition)

according to:--accord(-ing as, -ing to), after, appointment,

assent, collar, command(-ment), X eat, edge, end, entry, +

file, hole, X in, mind, mouth, part, portion, X (should)

say(-ing), sentence, skirt, sound, speech, X spoken, talk,

tenor, X to, + two-edged, wish, word.

see HEBREW for 06284

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פֶּה (peh) — lip.

: lip/mouth

peh

1) mouth

1a) mouth (of man)

1b) mouth (as organ of speech)

1c) mouth (of animals)

1d) mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)

1e) extremity, end pim

2) a weight equal to one third of a shekel, occurs only in 1Sa 13:21

פֶּה (peh) — lip: edge.

: edge

peh

1) mouth

1a) mouth (of man)

1b) mouth (as organ of speech)

1c) mouth (of animals)

1d) mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)

1e) extremity, end pim

2) a weight equal to one third of a shekel, occurs only in 1Sa 13:21

פֶּה (peh) — lip: word.

: word/command

peh

1) mouth

1a) mouth (of man)

1b) mouth (as organ of speech)

1c) mouth (of animals)

1d) mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)

1e) extremity, end pim

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hiz: Used often in the King James Version with reference to a neuter or inanimate thing, or to a lower animal (Ge 1:11, "after his kind"; Le 1:16, "pluck away his crop"; Ac 12:10, "of his own accord"; 1Co 15:38, "his own body"), etc. the Revised Version (British and American) substitutes "its."

listen completely to [the] raging of voice his and [the] rumbling [which] from mouth his it comes out
יֵצֵֽא׃ye.Tze' it comes out H3318 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
1,067× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to go out or come out, and it's used in many different ways, like leaving a place or starting a new journey, as seen in Genesis and Exodus.
Tyndale gloss
to come out: come
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָצָא (yatsa') is a Hebrew verb meaning to go or come out, with various applications including departure, escape, and emergence. It can refer to both animate and inanimate subjects and emphasizes the idea of origin or source. The verb appears in different forms, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, indicating actions like leading out or being brought forth.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָצָא 1068 vb. go or come out

Qal

go or come out or forth

from (מִן) a place

go forth from (the presence of) a person

in technical senses

of flight, involving escape

depart

of inanimate things

with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source

of children as going forth from loins (of father)

go forth to a place

go forward, proceed to or toward something

come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result

of combinations

Hiph.

cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out

fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.

bring out animals

inanimate obj.

fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)

Hoph. be brought forth

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3318 יָצָא go or come out .. go or come out or forth . from (מִן) a place

. go forth from (the presence of) a person

. in technical senses

. of flight, involving escape

. depart

. of inanimate things

. with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source

. of children as going forth from loins (of father)

. . go forth to a place

. go forward, proceed to or toward something

. come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result

. of combinations

. . cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out

. fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.

. bring out animals

. inanimate obj.

. fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)

. be brought forth

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3318 yatsa' yaw-tsaw'

a primitive root; to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great

variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct

and proxim.:--X after, appear, X assuredly, bear out, X

begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come

(abroad, out, thereat, without), + be condemned,

depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact,

fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence,

out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out),

going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out,

lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, X

scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring

out, stand out, X still, X surely, take forth (out), at any

time, X to (and fro), utter.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: come.

: come/go_out/escape

1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart

1a2) to go forth (to a place)

1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)

1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)

1a5) to come out of

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out

1b2) to bring out of

1b3) to lead out

1b4) to deliver

1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth

יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: send.

: send/take_out/release

1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart

1a2) to go forth (to a place)

1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)

1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)

1a5) to come out of

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out

1b2) to bring out of

1b3) to lead out

1b4) to deliver

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVqi3ms
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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