Judges 1:5 — Word Study
WLCוַֽ֠יִּמְצְאוּ אֶת־ אֲדֹנִ֥י בֶ֙זֶק֙ בְּבֶ֔זֶק וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ בּ֑וֹ וַיַּכּ֕וּ אֶת־ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י וְאֶת־ הַפְּרִזִּֽי׃
BSAAnd [there]Bezeq they foundmâtsâʼ▸ [discovered, came upon] Adoni-bezekʼĂdônîy-Bezeq [a Canaanite king] and foughtlâcham▸ [engaged in battle, waged war] striking downnâkâh▸ [smiting, defeating] the CanaanitesKᵉnaʻanîy [merchants and traders] and PerizzitesPᵉrizzîy [a Canaanite tribe, inhabitants of the land]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַֽ֠יִּמְצְאוּ | and they found | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| אֲדֹנִ֥י | Adoni- | Noun proper masculine |
| בֶ֙זֶק֙ | Bezek | Noun proper masculine |
| בְּבֶ֔זֶק | at Bezek | Preposition, noun proper |
| וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ | and they fought | Verb, Niphal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| בּ֑וֹ | against him | Preposition, suffix |
| וַיַּכּ֕וּ | and they defeated | Verb, Hiphil, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י | the Canaanite[s] | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| הַפְּרִזִּֽי׃ | the Perizzite[s] | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | And there they found Adoni-bezek and fought against him, striking down the Canaanites and Perizzites. |
| KJV | And they found Adoni-bezek in Bezek: and they fought against him, and they slew the Canaanites and the Perizzites. |
| ASV | And they found Adoni-bezek in Bezek; and they fought against him, and they smote the Canaanites and the Perizzites. |
| YLT | and they find Adoni-Bezek in Bezek, and fight against him, and smite the Canaanite and the Perizzite. |
| WEB | They found Adoni-Bezek in Bezek, and they fought against him. They struck the Canaanites and the Perizzites. |
| BBE | And they came across Adoni-zedek, and made war on him; and they overcame the Canaanites and the Perizzites. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of the verbs and object markers — see How Translations Differ.
The structure shows two main actions: finding and fighting, with additional details about the objects involved.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbמָצָא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Judges 1:5
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Conquest of Canaangenerated
Judges 1:5 describes a significant moment in Israel's conquest of Canaan, where the tribe of Judah encounters Adoni-bezek, a Canaanite king. This event highlights the military campaigns of the Israelites as they sought to claim the land promised to them. The context of this passage is crucial for understanding the challenges faced by the Israelites and their reliance on divine assistance during their conquests.
Cross References
The Key Word — אֲדֹנִי בֶזֶק, 'a.do.Nigenerated
The name אֲדֹנִי בֶזֶק (Adoniy-Bezeq) refers to a Canaanite king, with 'Adoni' meaning 'my lord' and 'Bezek' likely referring to a location. This figure is significant in the narrative as he represents the opposition faced by the Israelites during their conquest.
The use of the name emphasizes the conflict between the Israelites and the Canaanite inhabitants, illustrating the broader theme of struggle for the land. Adoni-bezek's defeat serves as a pivotal moment in the establishment of Israelite presence in Canaan.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb governing the actions is יִּמְצְאוּ (they found), with two additional verbs יִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ (they fought) and יַּכּ֕וּ (they defeated) following. This structure emphasizes the sequence of actions taken by Judah in their military engagement.
The sentence structure reflects a typical Hebrew narrative style, where verbs are placed prominently to convey action, followed by details about the objects of those actions.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יִּמְצְאוּ as κατέλαβον, which suggests a stronger sense of seizing or taking hold of rather than merely finding. This choice indicates an interpretation of the encounter as a decisive and active confrontation rather than a mere discovery.
This reflects a broader understanding of the conflict, emphasizing the aggressive nature of the Israelites' actions in their conquest.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Judges 1:5 tells us that the tribe of Judah found Adoni-bezek at Bezek and fought against him, defeating the Canaanites and Perizzites. This event highlights the military efforts of the Israelites as they took possession of the land.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Adoni-bezek was a Canaanite king who opposed the Israelites during their conquest of Canaan, as mentioned in Judges 1:5.
Bezek is thought to refer to a place known for quick battles, and it is associated with the military campaigns of the Israelites.
This battle represents the Israelites' struggle to take possession of the land promised to them by God, demonstrating their reliance on divine assistance.
This passage is part of the early chapters of Judges, which detail the conquests and challenges faced by the Israelites as they settle in Canaan.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn from the Israelites' approach to their battles in Canaan?
- How does the story of Adoni-bezek illustrate the consequences of opposing God's people?
- In what ways can we apply the lessons of reliance on God in our own struggles?
- How does understanding the historical context of this passage enhance our reading of it?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Judges 1:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd they found Adonibezek in Bezek,.... Who was king of, the place, and whose name signifies lord of Bezek; not that they took him there, for he is afterwards said to make his escape from thence, but
Read John Gill on Judges 1 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd they found Adonibezek in Bezek: and they fought against him, and they slew the Canaanites and the Perizzites. They found , [ wayimtsª'uw (H4672), they found, came upon].
Read Robert Jamieson on Judges 1 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAdoni-bezek; the lord or king of Bezek, as his name signifies, in Bezek; whither he fled, when he had lost the field. Against him, i.e. against the city wherein he had encamped himself, and the rest of his army.
Read Matthew Poole on Judges 1 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments5 I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once knew this, how that the Lord, having saved the people out of the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed them that believed not. Ver. 5. Afterward destroyed] Their preservation was but a reservation, as was Sennacherib’ s, Pharaoh’ s, and theirs whom God threatened to destroy, after that he had done them good, Joshua 24:20.
Read John Trapp on Judges 1 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(5) They found.—The expression perhaps alludes to the suddenness of their march, which enabled them to take the lord of Bezek by surprise. Adoni-bezek.—This is not a proper name, but a title, meaning “lord of Bezek,” as Adoni-zedek, in Joshua 10:1, and perhaps Melchi-zedek, in Genesis 14:18. They slew the Canaanites and the Perizzites.—This seems to refer to a second battle, or perhaps to the slaughter in the city after the battle described in the last verse.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Judges 1 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 5. And they found Adoni-bezek] The word מצא matsa, "he found," is used to express a hostile encounter between two parties; to attack, surprise, &c. This is probably its meaning here. Adoni-bezek is literally the lord of Bezek. It is very probable that the different Canaanitish tribes were governed by a sort of chieftains, similar to those among the clans of the ancient Scottish Highlanders. Bezek is said by some to have been in the tribe of Judah. Eusebius and St. Jerome mention two villages of this name, not in the tribe of Judah, but about seventeen miles from Shechem.
Read AdamClarke on Judges 1 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges5. And they found] The plural verb is the natural continuation of Jdg 1:3. Adoni-bezek in Bezek] The chieftain’s name was no doubt taken to mean ‘lord of Bezek,’ as though he were called after his capital; but Judges 1:7 at least suggests that Jerusalem was his capital, not Bezek. No proper names in the O.T. are compounded with the name of a place; and by all analogy Adoni-bezek must mean ‘(the god) Bezek is Lord.’ A god Bezek, however, is unknown. The double Bezek excites suspicion: in Bezek may be allowed to stand, because the context requires the name of a place; the error probably lies in the name of the chief. It is difficult to resist the conclusion that Adoni-bezek here is the same…
Read Cambridge on Judges 1 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible5. Found — Discovered and apprehended unexpectedly. Adoni-bezek — The name means, lord of Bezek. He seems to have commanded these Canaanite and Perizzite forces in this war.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Judges 1 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
And there they found Adoni-bezek and fought against him, striking down the Canaanites and Perizzites.
They found Adoni-Bezek in Bezek, and they fought against him. They struck the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
And there they found Adoni-bezek and fought against him, striking down the Canaanites and Perizzites.
They met Adoni-Bezek at Bezek and fought him. They defeated the Canaanites and Perizzites.
Tyndale line
And they found Adoni-bezek in Bezek: and they fought against him, and they slew the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
And they found Adoni-bezek in Bezek; and they fought against him, and they smote the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
And they found Adoni-bezek in Bezek: and they fought against him, and they smote the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
And they found Adoni-bezek in Bezek: and they fought against him, and they slew the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
And they founde Adoni-bezek in Bezek: and they fought against him, and slewe the Canaanites, and the Perizzites.
Strictly literal
And they found Adoni-Bezek in Bezek, and fought against him, and they smote the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
and they find Adoni-Bezek in Bezek, and fight against him, and smite the Canaanite and the Perizzite.
and they find Adoni-Bezek in Bezek, and fight against him, and strike the Canaanite and the Perizzite.
And they found Adoni-bezek in Bezek; and they fought against him, and they smote the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
They found Adoni-Bezek at Bezek, and they fought against him and defeated the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
From the Latin
And they found Adonibezec in Bezec, and fought against him, and they defeated the Chanaanite, and the Pherezite.
Simplified
There they confronted Adoni-bezek and fought with him, defeating the Canaanites and Perizzites.
And they came across Adoni-zedek, and made war on him; and they overcame the Canaanites and the Perizzites.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree on the content of Judges 1:5, with eight out of twelve words matched. The differences lie in the order and structure of the Greek translation, which does not alter the fundamental meaning of the passage.
וַֽ֠יִּמְצְאוּ אֶת־ אֲדֹנִ֥י בֶ֙זֶק֙ בְּבֶ֔זֶק וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ בּ֑וֹ וַיַּכּ֕וּ אֶת־ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י וְאֶת־ הַפְּרִזִּֽי׃
8 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Judges 1:5
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מָצָא (matsa') is a Hebrew verb meaning to find or attain. It encompasses a range of actions, including discovering something lost, encountering someone, or coming upon a situation. The word can also imply being present or sufficient. Lexicons note various forms and uses, including Qal, Niphal, and Hiphil, which indicate different nuances of finding and encountering.
מָצָא 452 vb. attain to, find
Qal
find
find out
= come upon, light upon
noteworthy phrases
Niph. pass. of Qal, be found
Hiph.
cause to find, attain
cause to light upon, come upon, come
cause to encounter
present unto
base
H4672 מָצָא attain to, find
4672 matsa' maw-tsaw'
a primitive root; properly, to come forth to, i.e. appear or
exist; transitively, to attain, i.e. find or acquire;
figuratively, to occur, meet or be present:--+ be able,
befall, being, catch, X certainly, (cause to) come (on, to, to
hand), deliver, be enough (cause to) find(-ing, occasion,
out), get (hold upon), X have (here), be here, hit, be left,
light (up-)on, meet (with), X occasion serve, (be) present,
ready, speed, suffice, take hold on.
מָצָא (ma.tsa) — to find.
1) to find, attain to
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to find
1a1a) to find, secure, acquire, get (thing sought)
1a1b) to find (what is lost)
1a1c) to meet, encounter
1a1d) to find (a condition)
1a1e) to learn, devise
1a2) to find out
1a2a) to find out
1a2b) to detect
1a2c) to guess
1a3) to come upon, light upon
1a3a) to happen upon, meet, fall in with
1a3b) to hit
1a3c) to befall
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be found
1b1a) to be encountered, be lighted upon, be discovered
1b1b) to appear, be recognised
1b1c) to be discovered, be detected
1b1d) to be gained, be secured
1b2) to be, be found
1b2a) to be found in
1b2b) to be in the possession of
1b2c) to be found in (a place), happen to be
1b2d) to be left (after war)
1b2e) to be present
1b2f) to prove to be
1b2g) to be found sufficient, be enough
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to cause to find, attain
1c2) to cause to light upon, come upon, come
1c3) to cause to encounter
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vqw3mp
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק (Adoniy-Bezeq) refers to a Canaanite king of the city Bezek, mentioned in Judges 1:5. The name combines elements meaning 'my lord' and 'Bezek.' This figure is noted for his conflict with the Israelites before the establishment of their monarchy.
אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק n.pr.m. (or title) king of Can. city Bezek Ju 1:7; without Maqq. v 5, 6.
done
H137 אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק
137 'Adoniy-Bezeq ad-o''-nee-beh'-zek
from 113 and 966; lord of Bezek; Adoni-Bezek; a Canaanitish
king:--Adoni-bezek.
see HEBREW for 0113
see HEBREW for 0966
אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק (a.do.ni-ve.zeq) — Adoni-bezek.
A man living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jdg.1.5
§ Adoni-Bezek = "my lord is Besek"
king of the Canaanite city of Bezek, killed by Israelites
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק (Adoniy-Bezeq) refers to a Canaanite king of the city Bezek, mentioned in Judges 1:5. The name combines elements meaning 'my lord' and 'Bezek.' This figure is noted for his conflict with the Israelites before the establishment of their monarchy.
אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק n.pr.m. (or title) king of Can. city Bezek Ju 1:7; without Maqq. v 5, 6.
done
H137 אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק
137 'Adoniy-Bezeq ad-o''-nee-beh'-zek
from 113 and 966; lord of Bezek; Adoni-Bezek; a Canaanitish
king:--Adoni-bezek.
see HEBREW for 0113
see HEBREW for 0966
אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק (a.do.ni-ve.zeq) — Adoni-bezek.
A man living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jdg.1.5
§ Adoni-Bezek = "my lord is Besek"
king of the Canaanite city of Bezek, killed by Israelites
HNpm — Noun proper masculineHNpm
be'-zek (bezeq; Bezek, Codex Vaticanus, Abiezek):
(1) The city of Adoni-bezek taken by Judah and Simeon (Jud 1:4 f), in the territory allotted to Judah. It is somewhat doubtfully identified with Bezqah, about 3 miles Northeast of Gezer.
(2) The place where Saul marshaled his army before marching to the relief of Jabesh-gilead (1Sa 11:8). Eusebius, Onomasticon speaks of two villages of this name 17 Roman miles from Shechem, on the way to Scythopolis. No doubt Khirbet Ibziq is intended. Here, or on the neighboring height, Ras Ibziq, a mountain 2,404 ft. above sea level, the army probably assembled.
W. Ewing
Bezek
Lightning. (1.) The residence of Adoni-bezek, in the lot of Judah (Judg. 1:5). It was in the mountains, not far from Jerusalem. Probably the modern Bezkah, 6 miles south-east of Lydda.
(2.) The place where Saul numbered the forces of Israel and Judah (1 Sam. 11:8); somewhere in the centre of the country, near the Jordan valley. Probably the modern Ibzik, 13 miles north-east of Shechem.
(lightning). The residence of Adonibezek, (Judges 1:6) in the lot of Judah. ver. (Judges 1:3) Where Saul numbered the forces of Israel and Judah before going to the relief of Jabesh-gilead. (1 Samuel 11:8) This was doubtless somewhere in the centre of the country, near the Jordan valley. No identification of either place has been made in modern times.
בֶּ֫זֶק (Bezeq) refers to a location in Palestine associated with the biblical figure Adonibezek. The name is linked to the meaning 'lightning.' It is noted as a place where Israel gathered under Saul. The entries consistently highlight its geographical significance without any disagreement among the sources.
בֶּ֫זֶק n.pr.loc. rendezvous of Israel under Saul and Sam.; home of Adoni-Bezek
base
H966 בֶּ֫זֶק
966 Bezeq beh'-zak
from 965; lightning; Bezek, a place in Palestine:--Bezek.
see HEBREW for 0965
בֶּ֫זֶק (be.zeq) — Bezek.
§ Bezek = "lightning"
the home of Adonibezek, the place where Israel rallied under Saul
בֶּ֫זֶק (be.zeq) — Bezek.
§ Bezek = "lightning"
the home of Adonibezek, the place where Israel rallied under Saul
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
be'-zek (bezeq; Bezek, Codex Vaticanus, Abiezek):
(1) The city of Adoni-bezek taken by Judah and Simeon (Jud 1:4 f), in the territory allotted to Judah. It is somewhat doubtfully identified with Bezqah, about 3 miles Northeast of Gezer.
(2) The place where Saul marshaled his army before marching to the relief of Jabesh-gilead (1Sa 11:8). Eusebius, Onomasticon speaks of two villages of this name 17 Roman miles from Shechem, on the way to Scythopolis. No doubt Khirbet Ibziq is intended. Here, or on the neighboring height, Ras Ibziq, a mountain 2,404 ft. above sea level, the army probably assembled.
W. Ewing
Bezek
Lightning. (1.) The residence of Adoni-bezek, in the lot of Judah (Judg. 1:5). It was in the mountains, not far from Jerusalem. Probably the modern Bezkah, 6 miles south-east of Lydda.
(2.) The place where Saul numbered the forces of Israel and Judah (1 Sam. 11:8); somewhere in the centre of the country, near the Jordan valley. Probably the modern Ibzik, 13 miles north-east of Shechem.
(lightning). The residence of Adonibezek, (Judges 1:6) in the lot of Judah. ver. (Judges 1:3) Where Saul numbered the forces of Israel and Judah before going to the relief of Jabesh-gilead. (1 Samuel 11:8) This was doubtless somewhere in the centre of the country, near the Jordan valley. No identification of either place has been made in modern times.
The Hebrew word לָחַם (lacham) has two primary meanings: to fight or do battle, and to eat or use as food. It is a primitive root that conveys both the act of engaging in combat and the act of consuming food. The entries indicate that the word can imply destruction in the context of battle.
[לָחַם] 171 vb. fight, do battle
Qal fight, do battle
Niph. engage in battle (recipr.), sometimes wage war
base
[לָחַם] vb. use as food, eat
base
H3898a לָחַם fight, do battle .fight, do battle
. engage in battle (recipr.), sometimes wage war
H3898b לָחַם use as food, eat
3898 lacham law-kham'
a primitive root; to feed on; figuratively, to consume; by
implication, to battle (as destruction):--devour, eat, X ever,
fight(-ing), overcome, prevail, (make) war(-ring).
לָחַם (la.cham) — to fight.
1) to fight, do battle, make war
1a) (Qal) to fight, do battle
1b) (Niphal) to engage in battle, wage war
לָחַם (la.cham) — to feed on.
(Qal) to eat, use as food
Conj | V-Niphal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Niphal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/VNw3mp
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HRd/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHRd/Sp3ms
נָכָה (nakah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to strike or smite, encompassing a range of actions from lightly hitting to fatal blows. It appears in various forms, indicating actions like attacking, punishing, or causing disease. The entries suggest its use in both literal and figurative contexts, including divine judgment and applause. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
[נָכָה] 501 vb. smite (not in Qal)
Niph. and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die
Pu. both be smitten down by the hail
Hiph.
lit., smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike
smite repeatedly, beat a man
and they clapped hands (in applause)
give a thrust (with fork) into pot; strike roots
rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound
smite, of sun
Smite fatally
Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company
Of God
smite with a plague, disease, etc.
smite = chastise, or send judgment upon
of God’s destroying palaces
Hoph. be smitten
base
H5221 נָכָה smite (not in Qal) . and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die
. both be smitten down by the hail
. . . lit., smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike
. smite repeatedly, beat a man
. and they clapped hands (in applause)
. give a thrust (with fork) into pot; strike roots
. rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound
. smite, of sun
. Smite fatally
. Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company
. Of God . smite with a plague, disease, etc.
. smite = chastise, or send judgment upon
. of God’s destroying palaces
. be smitten
5221 nakah naw-kaw'
a primitive root; to strike (lightly or severely, literally
or figuratively):--beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), X
go forward, X indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer,
punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike,
be stricken, (give) stripes, X surely, wound.
נָכָה (na.khah) — to smite.
1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill
1a)(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten
1b) (Pual) to be stricken or smitten
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust
1c2) to smite, kill, slay (man or beast)
1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage
1c4) to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy
1d) (Hophal) to be smitten
1d1) to receive a blow
1d2) to be wounded
1d3) to be beaten
1d4) to be (fatally) smitten, be killed, be slain
1d5) to be attacked and captured
1d6) to be smitten (with disease)
1d7) to be blighted (of plants)
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Hiphil · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vhw3mp
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
כְּנַעֲנִי (ken-ah-an-ee) refers to a Canaanite, an inhabitant of Canaan, and also denotes a merchant or trader. It is derived from the root word for Canaan, which can imply a connection to trade, as Canaanites were known for their mercantile activities. The term can also describe a woman from Canaan, first mentioned in Genesis 46:10.
כְּנַעֲנִי adj. et nom.gent.
base
כְּנַעֲנִי n.m. trader, merchant
base
H3669a כְּנַעֲנִי adj. et nom. gent. H3669b כְּנַעֲנִי trader, merchant
3669 Kna`aniy ken-ah-an-ee'
patrial from 3667; a Kenaanite or inhabitant of Kenaan; by
implication, a pedlar (the Canaanites standing for their
neighbors the Ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile
caravans):--Canaanite, merchant, trafficker.
see HEBREW for 03667
כְּנַעֲנִי (ke.na.a.ni) — Canaanite.
Group of ke.na.an (כְּנַ֫עַן "Canaan" H3667A)
§ Canaanite, of Cana "zealous"
adj
descendant or inhabitant of Canaan
כְּנַעֲנִי (ke.na.a.ni) — merchant.
a merchant, trader
Group of ke.na.an (כְּנַ֫עַן "merchant" H3667B)
כְּנַעֲנִי (ke.na.a.ni) — Canaanitess.
Describing a woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.46.10;
mother of: Shaul (H7586H)
§ a merchant, trader
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
פְּרִזִּי (Perizzite) refers to an inhabitant of the open country, specifically one of the tribes in Canaan. The term is associated with a people who lived in southern Canaan before the Israelite conquest, and it may mean 'belonging to a village.' The Perizzites are first mentioned in Genesis 13:7.
פְּרִזִּי 23 adj.gent. Perizzite
base
H6522 פְּרִזִּי Perizzite
6522 Prizziy per-iz-zee'
for 6521; inhabitant of the open country; a Perizzite, one of
the Canaanitish tribes:--Perizzite.
see HEBREW for 06521
פְּרִזִּי (pe.riz.zi) — Perizzite.
Someone descended from Periz(?), first mentioned at Gen.13.7
§ Perizzite = "belonging to a village"
a people who inhabited southern Canaan prior to the conquest
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa