Acts 27:16 — Word Study
N1904νησίον δέ τι ὑποδραμόντες καλούμενον Καῦδα ἰσχύσαμεν μόλις περικρατεῖς γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης,
BSAAn Islandnēsion△ [a tiny landmass] thende certaintis having run underhupotrechō△▸ [sailing under, running to the lee of] being calledkaleō▸ CaudaKlaudē, Kauda△ [a place near Crete] we were ableischuō▸ [hardly, with great difficulty] with difficulty controlperikratēs△ to gainginomai▸ [be in control of, become masters of] of theho lifeboat,skaphē [a small boat for landing]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| νησίον | An Island | Noun, accusative, singular |
| δέ | then | Conjunction |
| τι | certain | Indefinite pronoun, accusative, singular |
| ὑποδραμόντες | having run under | Verb, second aorist, active |
| καλούμενον | being called | Verb, present, passive |
| Καῦδα | Cauda | Noun, accusative, singular |
| ἰσχύσαμεν | we were able | Verb, aorist, active |
| μόλις | with difficulty | |
| περικρατεῖς | control | Adjective, nominative, plural |
| γενέσθαι | to gain | Verb, second aorist, middle deponent |
| τῆς | of the | Article, genitive, singular |
| σκάφης, | lifeboat, | Noun, genitive, singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Passing to the lee of a small island called Cauda, we barely managed to secure the lifeboat. |
| KJV | And running under a certain island which is called Clauda, we had much work to come by the boat: |
| ASV | And running under the lee of a small island called Cauda, we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat: |
| YLT | and having run under a certain little isle, called Clauda, we were hardly able to become masters of the boat, |
| WEB | Running under the lee of a small island called Clauda, we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat. |
| BBE | And, sailing near the side of a small island named Cauda, we were able, though it was hard work, to make the ship's boat safe: |
Where translations differ is in the rendering of ἰσχύσαμεν and γενέσθαι — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured around a main clause with participial and adverbial phrases that describe the crew's actions and the conditions they faced.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectὑποτρέχω
verbὑποτρέχω
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
4 of 12 occur nowhere else in the New Testament — words chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — ὁ, the commonest word in the Greek New Testament, stands 19,867 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Acts 27:16
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Paul's Journey to Romegenerated
Acts 27:16 describes a moment of struggle at sea as Paul and his companions navigate a stormy journey. They pass by a small island called Cauda, where they find temporary shelter from the wind. This incident highlights the challenges faced by the crew and the urgency of their situation as they strive to maintain control over their lifeboat amidst difficult conditions.
Cross References
The Key Word — νησίον, nēsiongenerated
The word νησίον is a diminutive form of νῆσος, meaning a small island or islet. It specifically refers to a tiny landmass, like the one mentioned in Acts 27:16.
This term appears only once in the New Testament, consistently defined across lexicons as referring to a little island. The parsing indicates it is a neuter noun in the accusative case, singular, which is used to describe the small island that the crew passed.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible as 'Passing to the lee of a small island called Cauda, we barely managed to secure the lifeboat.' Other translations, like the KJV and ASV, also describe the action of running under the island but vary in phrasing.
Where they differ, the KJV uses 'we had much work to come by the boat,' while the ASV states 'we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat.' The YLT emphasizes the struggle with 'we were hardly able to become masters of the boat.'
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb in the verse is ἰσχύσαμεν, we were able, which governs the action of the crew. The structure includes a participial phrase ὑποδραμόντες, having run under, which describes the crew's action as they passed the island.
The sentence is complex, with multiple phrases indicating the conditions of their journey, including an adverbial clause that sets the scene of passing under the island and the subsequent action of securing the lifeboat.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
καλέω, meaning 'to call,' is used in the Septuagint to translate Hebrew words for calling or naming. In this context, it relates to how the island is referred to as Καῦδα.
The term ἰσχύω also appears in the Septuagint, often associated with strength or ability, which aligns with the crew's struggle to secure the lifeboat.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Acts 27:16 describes how the crew, while sailing near a small island called Cauda, faced great difficulty but managed to secure their lifeboat. This moment illustrates the challenges they encountered during their voyage.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To pass to the lee of the island means to sail on the side of the island that is sheltered from the wind, providing protection during rough seas.
Securing the lifeboat was difficult due to the strong winds and turbulent waters that made it challenging for the crew to maintain control.
Cauda is significant as it provided a temporary refuge for the crew during their perilous journey, illustrating the dangers they faced at sea.
This verse reflects the challenges of ancient sea travel, where weather conditions could drastically affect a ship's journey and the crew's ability to navigate safely.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What challenges have I faced that required me to rely on God's strength?
- How can I find shelter and safety in turbulent times, similar to the crew's experience near Cauda?
- In what ways can I support others who are struggling, as the crew did with their lifeboat?
- What lessons can I learn from this journey about perseverance and faith during difficult circumstances?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early church writings reference this passage as they discuss the challenges faced by Paul during his journey. Quotations from the Apostolic Constitutions and Bede illustrate their reflections on this moment.
It came to pass, after Paul went out of the island Gaudomeleta,Early Church Fathers on Acts 27 →
We could scarcely obtain the lifeboat. After it was taken, they used auxiliary ropes. The lifeboat or Catascopos is a light boat, made of wicker and covered with rawhide.Early Church Fathers on Acts 27 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Acts 27:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd running under a certain island,.... Or below a certain island and hard by, it or under the sea shore of it, where the sea might be smoother, the wind not being there so strong: which is called
Read John Gill on Acts 27 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd running under a certain island which is called Clauda, we had much work to come by the boat: And running under (the lee of) a certain island [ neesion ] - 'islet,' Which is called Clauda - lying
Read Robert Jamieson on Acts 27 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleClauda; called also Claudos, and by some Gaudos, and now Gozo, an island near unto Crete. We had much work to come by the boat; in this stress of weather they would take up the boat, lest it should have been staved or beat in pieces against the ship.
Read Matthew Poole on Acts 27 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments16 And running under a certain island which is called Clauda, we had much work to come by the boat: Ver. 16. To come by the boat] i.e. To recover, take up, and save the boat, that the waves should not break it.
Read John Trapp on Acts 27 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(16) And running under a certain island which is called Clauda.—Some MSS. give the various-reading Cauda, which agrees more closely with the form Gaudos found in Pliny and Suidas. This, in its turn, has passed into the modern Gozzo. The island lay about twenty-three miles to the south-west of Crete. Here they got under the lee of the shore, and availed themselves of the temporary shelter to prepare the ship more thoroughly than had been possible before to encounter the fury of the storm. The first step was to get the boat, which hitherto apparently had been towed through the waves, on board the ship. This, as St. Luke says, was a matter of much work (literally, we were with difficulty able…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Acts 27 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 16. A certain island - called Clauda] Called also Gaudos; situated at the south-western extremity of the island of Crete, and now called Gozo, according to Dr. Shaw. Much work to come by the boat] It was likely to have been washed overboard; or, if the boat was in tow, at the stern of the vessel, which is probable, they found it very difficult to save it from being staved, or broken to pieces.
Read AdamClarke on Acts 27 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges16. And running under a certain island which is called Clauda] (R. V. And running under the lee of a small island, called Cauda”) For the verb cp. above on Acts 27:4; Acts 27:7. The word for “island” is here in the original a diminutive form, hence “small island.” The name “Cauda” which has the best MS. support agrees well with the form which the name has assumed in modern times, “Gozzo” and “Gaudo.” But the form in A.V. is warranted by the orthography of Ptolemy (Claudos) and Pliny (Glaudos).we had much work to come by the boat] This is most idiomatic old English, but is changed in R. V. into “we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat.” The boats in old times were not as in modern…
Read Cambridge on Acts 27 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAnd running under - Running near to an island. They ran near to it, where the violence of the wind was probably broken by the island, Which is called Clauda - This is a small island about 20 miles southwest of Crete.
Read Albert Barnes on Acts 27 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Passing to the lee of a small island called Cauda, we barely managed to secure the lifeboat.
Running under the lee of a small island called Clauda, we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat.
Passing to the lee of a small island called Clauda, we barely managed to secure the lifeboat.
As we ran under the lee of a small island called Cauda, we were able with difficulty to get the ship’s boat under control.
Tyndale line
And running under a certain island which is called Clauda, we had much work to come by the boat:
And running under the lee of a small island called Cauda, we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat:
And running under the lee of a small island called Cauda, we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat:
And running under a certain isle which is called Clauda, we had much work to come by the boat:
And we ran vnder a litle Yle named Clauda, and had much a doe to get the boat.
Strictly literal
But running under the lee of a certain island called Clauda, we were with difficulty able to make ourselves masters of the boat;
and having run under a certain little isle, called Clauda, we were hardly able to become masters of the boat,
and having run under a certain little island called Clauda, we were hardly able to become masters of the boat,
We sailed along the lee of a small island called Cauda, and with difficulty we were able to secure the lifeboat.
From the Latin
And running under a certain island, that is called Cauda, we had much work to come by the boat.
Simplified
We were eventually able to run into the lee of a small island called Cauda, and managed with some difficulty to secure the ship's boat on board.
And, sailing near the side of a small island named Cauda, we were able, though it was hard work, to make the ship's boat safe:
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the Nestle 1904 treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The earliest translations — Latin and Syriac
Every translation is an argument about meaning made by someone who had to commit to one. These two were made while the Greek was still a living language, and they are the oldest opinions we have about what this verse says.
In insulam autem quamdam decurrentes, quæ vocatur Cauda, potuimus vix obtinere scapham.
Jerome revised the Old Latin against the Greek from AD 382; the Latin west read this text for a thousand years.
ܘܟܕ ܥܒܪܢ ܓܙܪܬܐ ܚܕܐ ܕܡܬܩܪܝܐ ܩܘܕܐ ܠܡܚܣܢ ܐܫܟܚܢ ܐܚܕܢ ܠܩܪܩܘܪܐ
The Bible of the Syriac-speaking church, in the language nearest to the Aramaic Jesus spoke.
Shown verse by verse rather than word by word: aligning a Greek word to its Latin or Syriac counterpart automatically would be guesswork, and a wrong alignment is worse than none.
The Greek editions compared — what the manuscripts actually say
Eight printed editions of the Greek New Testament, side by side. Where they agree the wording is settled; where a word is missing from an edition it is marked, so you can see the difference rather than take it on trust.
νησίον δέ τι ὑποδραμόντες καλούμενον Καῦδα ἰσχύσαμεν μόλις περικρατεῖς γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης,
The standard critical text of the New Testament.
νησίον δέ τι ὑποδραμόντες καλούμενον Καῦδα ἰσχύσαμεν μόλις περικρατεῖς γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης,
The previous edition, still widely cited.
νησίον δέ τι ὑποδραμόντες καλούμενον Καῦδα ἰσχύσαμεν μόλις περικρατεῖς γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης,
The Society of Biblical Literature edition, freely licensed.
νησίον δέ τι ὑποδραμόντες καλούμενον Καῦδα ἰσχύσαμεν μόλις περικρατεῖς γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης,
The edition that turned scholarship toward the earliest manuscripts.
νησίον δέ τι ὑποδραμόντες καλούμενον Καῦδα ἰσχύσαμεν μόλις περικρατεῖς γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης,
An independent critical text built from the oldest witnesses then known.
νησίον δέ τι ὑποδραμόντες καλούμενον — ἰσχύσαμεν μόλις περικρατεῖς γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης,
A recent critical edition following documentary evidence closely.
νησίον δέ τι ὑποδραμόντες καλούμενον — — μόλις περικρατεῖς γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης,
The reading of the majority of surviving manuscripts.
νησίον δέ τι ὑποδραμόντες καλούμενον — — μόλις περικρατεῖς γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης,
The printed tradition behind the King James Version.
A witness that read differently would show its variant word here, marked.
Word by word, across the editions
| Word | Editions carrying it | Missing from |
|---|---|---|
| Καῦδα Cauda | NA28, NA27, SBL, WH, Treg | Tyn, TR, Byz |
| ἰσχύσαμεν we were able | NA28, NA27, Tyn, SBL, WH, Treg | TR, Byz |
Apparatus — SBL Greek New Testament, CC BY 4.0
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Greek New Testament — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Acts 27:16
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Greek lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. Imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, the full Liddell-Scott-Jones, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate LSJ, Robinson and Packard on the Greek, Webster and Cawdrey on the English the translators were using. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
νησίον is a diminutive form of νῆσος, meaning a small island or islet. The term appears in Acts 27:16 and is consistently defined across lexicons as referring to a little island.
νησίον (nēsion) — small island.
νησ-ίον, τό,
diminutive of νῆσος, islet, [Refs 1st c.BC+]
νησίον
nesion
diminutive of 3520; an islet:--island.
see GREEK for 3520
νησίον, ου, τό
n.n.
a little island
νησίον nēsion 1x
a small island, Acts 27:16*
νησίον νησίον, ου, τό, Dim. of νῆσος an islet, Strab.
Noun-ASN — Noun · accusative · singular · neuteraccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular neuter.
N-ASN Part of Speech: Noun Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Neuter
Island
(Heb. ‘i, “dry land,” as opposed to water) occurs in its usual signification (Isa. 42:4, 10, 12, 15, comp. Jer. 47:4), but more frequently simply denotes a maritime region or sea-coast (Isa. 20:6, R.V.,” coastland;” 23:2, 6; Jer. 2:10; Ezek. 27:6, 7). (See CHITTIM.) The shores of the Mediterranean are called the “islands of the sea” (Isa. 11:11), or the “isles of the Gentiles” (Gen. 10:5), and sometimes simply “isles” (Ps. 72:10);
1 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
δέ (de) is a post-positive particle in Greek, primarily used as a conjunction to connect clauses. It can express contrast (but, on the other hand) or continuation (and, also), and is often used to transition between ideas or to add emphasis. In the New Testament, it appears frequently in various contexts, such as contrasting statements or resuming interrupted discourse, with notable examples in Matthew and 2 Corinthians.
δέ (before vowels δ’; on the general neglect of the elision in NT, v. WH, App., 146; Tdf., Pr., 96),
post-positive conjunctive particle;
copulative, but, in the next place, and, now (Abbott, JG, 104): Mt 1:2ff., II Co 6:15, 16, II Pe 1:5-7; in repetition for emphasis, Ro 3:21, 22, 9:30, I Co 2:6, Ga 2:2, Phl 2:8; in transition to something new, Mt 1:18 2:19, Lk 13:1, Jo 7:14, Ac 6:1, Read the full entry →
δέ (related to δή, as μέν to μήν, ef. Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2 p. 355), a particle adversative, distinctive, disjunctive, but, moreover, (W.§ 53, 7 and 10, 2); it is much more freq. in the historical parts of the N. T. than in the other books, very rare in the Epp. of John and the Apocalypse. {On its general neglect of elision (when the next word begins with a vowel) cf. Tdf. Proleg. p. 96; WH. App. Ῥ 146; W.§5,1a.; B. p.10sq.] It is used ἘΠ ΟἹ δὲ univ. by way of opposition and distinction; it is added to statements opp. to a preceding statement: ἐὰν yap ἀφῆτε... ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἀφῆτε, Mt. vi. 14 sq.; ἐὰν de ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς κτλ. Mt. vi. 23; ἐλεύσονται δὲ ἡμέραι, Mk. ii. 20; it opposes persons to persons or things previously mentioned or thought of, —either with strong emphasis: ἐγὼ δέ, Mt. v. 22, 28, 32, 34, 39,44; ἡμεῖς de, 1 Co. i. 23; 2 Co. x. 13; σὺ δέ, Mt. vi. 6; ὑμεῖς δέ, Mk. viii. 29; of δὲ…
Read the full entry →δεῖ. For the conjunctive, as in Mt 26%, cf. P Fay 109° (early i/A.D.) ἐάν σε δῇ (for δέῃ) τὸ εἱμάτιόν σου θεῖναι ἐνέχυρον. “even if you have to pawn your cloak” (Edd.). In P Tebt I. 585° (B.c. 111) we have ἐάν followed by the indicative— ἐὰν δεῖ σε συνπεσεῖν τῶι ᾿Ανικήτωι, σύνπεσαι, ‘if you must meet Anicetus, meet him” (Edd.): cf. Mayser G7. p. 325. Other examples of the verb are l’ Par 461® (B.C. 153) διὸ Kal ἡγούμενος δεῖν ἐπ᾿ ἄλλου μὲν μηθενὸς αὐτῶι διακριθῆναι» P Lille I. 267 (iii.B.c.) περὶ (corr. from πεερὶ) δὲ τούτου τοῦ μέρους δεήσει ἐπισχεῖν, P Tebt 11. 3414 (A.p. 140-1) δεήσι ἐπισταλῆναι εἰς δάνε[ι]α σπέρματα κατασπίο]ρᾶς KTA., “ΕἼ will be necessary to send on account of loans of seedcorn for the sowing,” etc., AécheZ 1001" © (Theran Doric —c. B.C. 200) no one may bring forward a proposal ὡς δεείσῃ διαλῦσαι τὸ κοινὸν εἰ τὰς θυσίας, P Flor II. 133" (A.D. 257) ἔδι μὲν ὑμᾶς μηδὲ…
Read the full entry →δέ (de) — then.
δέ,
but: adversative and copulative Particle,
I. answering to μέν (which see), τὴν νῦν μὲν Βοιωτίαν, πρότερον δὲ Καδμηίδα γῆν καλουμένην [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II. without preceding μέν,
II.1. adversative, expressing distinct opposition, αἰεί τοι τὰ κάκ᾽ ἐστὶ φίλα.. μαντεύεσθαι, ἐσθλὸν δ᾽ οὔτε τί πω εἶπας[Refs 5th c.BC+]; so in Prose, οὐκ ἐπὶ κακῷ, ἐλευθερώσει δέ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. copulative,
II.2. a in explanatory clauses, ξυνέβησαν.. τὰ μακρὰ τείχη ἑλεῖν (ἦν δὲ σταδίων μάλιστα ὀκτώ) [Refs 8th c.BC+]: when a substantive is followed by words in apposition, Ἀρισταγόρῃ τῷ Μιλησίῳ, δούλῳ δὲ ἡμετέρῳ [Refs 5th c.BC+]; so in answers, διπλᾶ λέγειν. —Answ. διπλᾶδ᾽ ὁρᾶν…
δέ
de
a primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and,
etc.:--also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).
δέ
Cj.
but, on the other hand, and
δέ de 2x
a conjunctive particle, marking the superaddition of a clause, whether in opposition or in continuation, to what has preceded, and it may be variously rendered but, on the other hand, and, also, now, etc.; καὶ δέ, when there is a special superaddition in continuation, too, yea, etc. It sometimes is found at the commencement of the apodosis of a sentence, Acts 11:17. It serves also to mark the resumption of an interrupted discourse, 2 Cor. 2:10; Gal. 2:6
δέ but: conjunctive Particle, with adversative force: it commonly answers to μέν, and may often be rendered by while, whereas, on the other hand, v. μέν:— but μέν is often omitted, δέ being used merely to pass on from one thing to another; ὣς Ἀχιλεὺς θάμβησεν, θάμβησαν δὲ καὶ ἄλλοι Il.; etc.; κινεῖ κραδίην κινεῖ δὲ χόλον Eur.
δέ is often redundant,
to introduce the apodosis, where it may be rendered by then, yet, εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώωσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι if they will not give it, then I will take it, Il.; so at in Lat., si tu oblitus es, at Dii meminerint Catull.
to resume after interruption caused by a parenthesis, where it may be rendered by I say, now, so then, Hdt.
POSITION of δέ: properly second, being often put between the Art. and Subst., the prep. and case.
Conj — Conjunctionconjunction — it joins clauses, and never changes form.
CONJ CONJunction or conjunctive particle
2,937 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 15 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 2,787 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
2 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
τὶς is an enclitic indefinite pronoun meaning 'someone' or 'something.' It can refer to a certain person or object and appears in both singular and plural forms, such as τινός and τινες. The New Testament uses it in various contexts, including Luke 9:49 and Acts 5:25. It is related to the interrogative pronoun τίς, indicating its flexible use in questions and statements.
τὶς, τὶ. ἘΣ what follows, εἰ καί lays less emphasis upon it; although it is evident that εἰ καί can often be substituted for καὶ ei.” Cf. Herm. Vig. p. 829 sq.; W. 444 (413); Ellic. on Phil. ii. 17; Schmalfeld, Griech. Syntax, § 41; Paley, Grk. Particles, p. 31]. 8. εἰ μή, a. in a conditional protasis, with the same sequence of moods and tenses as the simple εἰ, see 1. above, if not, unless, except, [W. 477 (444) sqq.; B. 345 (297)]: Mt. xxiv. 22; Jn. ix. 33; | xv. 22, 24; Ro. vii. 7, ete. b. it serves, with the entire. following sentence, to limit or correct what has just been said, only, save that, (Lat. nisi quod), [B. 359 (308) ]: Mk. vi. 5; 1 Co. vii. 17 (where Paul by the addition εἰ μὴ ἑκάστῳ κτλ. strives to prevent any one in applying what had been said a little while before, viz. οὐ δεδούλωται . . ἐν τοιούτοις to his own case, from going too far) ; in ironical answers, unless…
Read the full entry →τις (indef. pron.), ‘* someone, something’’: P Vat ΑἸ (B.c. 168) (= UPZi. p. 303) πᾶς τις πειρᾶται. . ., P Lond 421° (B.C. 168) (= Selections, p. 10) εἰς πᾶν τι ἐληλυθυῖα διὰ, τὴν τοῦ σίτου τιμήν, ‘having come to the last extremity because of the high price of corn,’’ P Oxy IV. 7421° (B.c. 2) ἐάν τι δύνῃ... δὸς ἐργασίαν, “if you can, give your attention to it’’ (Edd.), 2d. I. 120% (iv/a.D.) τινα ὁρῶντα αἱαυτὸν (/. ἑαυτὸν) ἐν δυστυχίᾳ, ““α man finding himself in adversity,’ 13 ἀποστῖλόν pot τινα ἢ Γοῦνθον ἢ ᾿Αμμώνιον, “send someone to me, either Gunthus or Ammonius” (Edd.). P Oxy VI. 937°" (ili/A.D.) γ]ράψον ἐκεῖ TO kat’ εἶδος ὅτι τι kal τι εἴληφας is translated by the editors ‘* write the list there, that you have received so and so.” They 3) ες remark that it is simpler to take τι καί τι as analogous to τὸ καὶ τό than ‘‘to take τί kal τί as an indirect interrogative, ὅτι being…
Read the full entry →τις (tis) — one.
τις,
τι, Indef. pronoun any one, any thing, enclitic through all cases (for exceptions see below):—but τί; τί; Interrog. pronoun who? what?, oxytone in the monosyllable cases, paroxytone in the others:—Dialectal forms: [Refs 5th c.AD+] σις (si se) [Refs 4th c.AD+] σις (with ?? for σ) [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Thess. κις [Refs], neuter κι in διεκί, ποκκί (which see); neuter plural Doric dialect σά, Boeotian dialect τά, Aeolic dialect dative τίω, τίοισι (see. infr. B). (I.-[Refs 5th c.BC+] q[uglide]i-, cf. Latin quis, quid, etc.; for σά, τά, see at {ἄσσα}, σά μά; with τέο (see. infr. B) cf. OSlav. genitive česo)
__A Indef. pronoun τις, τι, genitive Ionic dialect τεο [Refs 8th c.BC+]; more frequently τευ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Trag. and Attic dialect του [Refs 5th c.BC+]; του is rare after [NT+4th…
τὶς
tis
an enclitic indefinite pronoun; some or any person or object:--a (kind
of), any (man, thing, thing at all), certain (thing), divers, he
(every) man, one (X thing), ought, + partly, some (man, -body, -
thing, -what), (+ that no-)thing, what(-soever), X wherewith,
whom(-soever), whose(-soever).
τις, τι
Indef.pr.
any one, some one
τις tis 534x
enclitic, indefinite pronoun, a certain one, someone, Mt. 12:47; pl. some, certain, several, Lk. 8:2; Acts 9:19; 2 Pet. 3:16; one, a person, Mt. 12:29; Lk. 14:8; Jn. 6:50; combined with the name of an individual, one, Mk. 15:21; as it were in a manner, a kind of, Heb. 10:27; Jas. 1:18; any whatever, Read the full entry →
Indef-ASN — Indefinite pronoun · accusative · singular · neuteraccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular neuter.
X-ASN Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Neuter
542 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 35 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 530 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
Counted over the 121 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
καὶ γὰρ λόγον καὶ ἀκοὴν ὑπερβάλλει μείζω καὶ σεμνότερα ὄντα ἢ ὡς θνητοῦ τινος ὀργάνοις ἐναρμοσθῆναι.
ὅτι λιμοῦ τὴν Χαναναίαν καταλαβόντος εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἀπῆρε καὶ διατρίψας ἐν αὐτῇ τινα χρόνον ὑπέστρεψεν ὀπίσω.
πλήρης εἰμὶ ὁλοκαυτωμάτων, καὶ στέαρ ἀρνῶν καὶ αἷμα ταύρων καὶ τράγων οὐ βούλομαι, οὐδ̓ ἂν ἔρχησθε ὀφθῆναί μοι, τίς γὰρ ἐξεζήτησεν ταῦτα ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν ὑμῶν;
ἂν ὦσι γείτονες πάντοθεν· μὴ ἐξέστω δὲ τῷ καθόλου ἐπὶ τὴν διαθήκην ταύτην ἄλλῳ τινὶ ἐπέρχεσθαι, εἰ δὲ μὴ ἄκυρον ἔστω καὶ προσαποτεισάτω ὁ ἐπιφέρων ὕστερον … ἄλλον τῆς
προγεγραμμένου ἵππου, καὶ μὴ ἐπελεύσεσθαί σοι ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ. ἐὰν δὲ ἐπέλθωμεν ἢ ἄλλος τις ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἥ τʼ ἔφοδος ἄκυρος ἔσται καὶ προσαποτείσομέν σοι χαλκοῦ τάλαντα πέντε.
σημαινομένης ἀρούρης μιᾶς , καὶ μὴ ἐπελεύσασθαι Νεχθανοῦπιν καὶ τοὺς τούτου υἱοὺς μηδʼ ἄλλον τινὰ τῶν παρʼ αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τὸν Πετεαρσεμθεία μηδʼ ἐπʼ ἄλλον τινὰ τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῦ περὶ
The Greek word ὑποτρέχω (hupotrechō) is built from the prefix ὑπο- (under) and the verb τρέχω (to run). It primarily means to run under or sail past, especially in a nautical context, as seen in Acts 27:16. The term can also imply various metaphorical meanings, such as flattering or deceiving, but these are less common.
* ὑπο-τρέχω
to run in under; of navigators, to run in the lee of : c. acc. (v. M, Pr., 65), Ac 27:16.†
ὑπο-τρέχω: 2 aor. ὑπέδραμον; fr. Hom. down; prop. to run under; in N. T. once, viz. of navigators, to run past a place on the shore, and therefore in a higher position (see ὑποπλέω) : νησίον, Acts xxvii. 16 [R. V. running under the lee of; ef. Hackett ad loc.].
ὑποτρέχω, ἐἔγὰη in under,” hence of navigators ‘‘ run under the lee of” (Ac 2718). For a metaph. usage see P Tebt I. 2457 (B.C. 117) Tas ὑποδεδραμημέ[ναι[ς] ἐπι[σ]τατείαις (/. ὑποδεδραμημένας emiorareias) κατακεχωρ[ηκότων, “have handed over the posts of epistatae into which they have crept” (Edd.), and cf. P Giss I. 79-1 (c. a.D. 117) oe ὑποδραμ[εῖν kal παραγρά]φειν αὐτούς, “dass du heimlich entwichen bist und sie prellst.
ὑποτρέχω (hupotrechō) — to sail under.
ὑποτρέχω,
aorist -έδρᾰμον (see. below): poetry perfect -δέδρομα[Refs]; -δεδρόμηκα (see. infr. IV):—run in under, ὑπέδραμε καὶ λάβε γούνων ran in under the spear or sword and clasped his knees, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (though it may be only, ran up to him); ὑ. πρὸς στέρνα πατρός [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὑ. ὑπὸ τὴν τοῦ ἀκοντίου φοράν in under, within the dart's range, [Refs 5th c.BC+]run under the lee of.., [NT+1st c.AD+]
II. run under, stretch away under, ὑποδέδρομε βῆσσα [Refs]
III. run in between, intercept, λῃστάς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; pass between a star and the earth, [Refs 1st c.BC+]
ὑποτρέχω
hupotrecho
from 5259 and 5143 (including its alternate); to run under, i.e.
(specially), to sail past:--run under.
see GREEK for 5259
see GREEK for 5143
ὑποτρέχω
v.
I run under shelter of
ὑποτρέχω hypotrechō 1x
to run under; as a nautical term, to sail under the lee of, Acts 27:16*
ὑποτρέχω fut. -θρέξομαι fut. -δρα^μοῦμαι aor2 -έδρα^μον poet. perf. -δέδρομα to run in under, ὑπέδραμε καὶ λάβε γούνων she ran in under the sword and clasped his knees, Od.; ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας τοῦ ἵππου ὑπέδραμε κύων Hdt.: hence to trip up, Ar.
to run or stretch away under, Hhymn.
to run in between, intercept, Ar., Xen.
to insinuate oneself into any one's good graces, flatter or deceive, Eur., Plat.
Verb-2AAP-NPM — Verb · second aorist · active · participle · nominative · plural · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked plural masculine.
V-2AAP-NPM Part of Speech: Verb Tense: second Aorist Voice: Active Mood: Participle Case: Nominative Number: Plural Gender: Masculine
1 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
καλέω is a Greek verb meaning 'to call' or 'to summon.' It encompasses a range of uses, including inviting someone to a meal or event, calling someone by name, and metaphorically inviting people to partake in spiritual blessings. The New Testament frequently employs this term, notably in Matthew and Romans. Notably, Liddell-Scott mentions its use in legal contexts, which is not highlighted in other entries.
καλέω, -@; impf. ἐκάλουν; fut. καλέσω (W. § 13, 3c.); 1 aor. ἐκάλεσα; pi. κέκληκα; Pass., pres. καλοῦμαι; pf. 3 pers. sing. κέκληται (1 Co. vii. 18 LT Tr WH; [Rev. xix. 13 L T Tr WH)), ptep. κεκλημένος ; 1 aor. ἐκλήθην ; 1 fut. κληθήσομαι ; [fr. Hom. down]; Hebr. xp; Lat. voco; i. e. 1. to call (Germ. rufen τὰ βοάω, fin.]) ; a. to call aloud, utter in a loud voice: ἄχρις οὗ τὸ σήμερον καλεῖται, as long as the word ‘to-day’ is called out or proclaimed, Heb. iii. 13; τινά, to call one to approach or stand before one, Mt. xx. 8; xxii. 3 (where εἰς τοὺς γάμους seems to belong to τοὺς κεκλημένους) : Mt. xxv. 14; [Mk. iii. 31 LT Tr WH]; Lk. xix. 13; τὰ ἴδια πρόβατα κατ᾽ ὄνομα, his own sheep each by its name, Jn. x. 3 (where LT Tr WH φωνεῖ); used of Christ, calling certain persons to be his disciples and constant companions, Mt. iv. 21 (note what precedes in 19: δεῦτε ὀπίσω pov); Mk. i. 20; to…
Read the full entry →καλέω. For this verb = ‘‘summon,” “invite,” as in Mt 22° a/., see P Oxy XII. 1487" (iv/A.D.) καλῖ σε Θέων vids ᾿Ωριγένους εἰς τοὺς γάμους THs ἀδελφῆς ἑαυτοῦ ἐν τῇ αὔριον, and similarly 26. 14861 (iv/A.p.). In both instances it is noticeable that καλῖ takes the place of the earlier ἐρωτᾷ, cf. 73. 1484, 1485. See also P Hamb I. 295 (A.D. 89) κληθέντων τινῶν . καὶ μὴ ὑπακουσάντων. The participle is common = “‘called,’’ ‘‘named,”’ as in Lk 7 a/., e.g. P Petr 11. 4531 20 (B.C. 246) els φρούριον τὸ καλούμενον [ΠΠἸοσιδέον, Osty , καλος 1210 (Roman) Πασήμιο(ς) ΠΠκῶτο(ς) καλ(ούμενος), BGU I. 3497 (A.D. 313) ἐν κλήρῳ καλουμένου (1. — évw) ᾿Αφρικιανός and P Oxy X. 12737 (A.D. 260) περιτραχήλιον μανιάκην,. καλούμενον, ‘a necklace of the kind called maniaces’’ (Edd.). With the usage in Gal 115 we may compare CP Herm I. 251-7’ Αντωνῖνος κληθήσεται and 24. 261: εἰ δοκεῖ σίοι] κληθῆναι... αὐτούς, where…
Read the full entry →καλέω (kaleō) — to call: call.
κᾰλέω,
Aeolic dialect κάλημι (which see), Epic dialect infinitive καλήμεναι [Refs 8th c.BC+]: Ionic dialect imperfect καλέεσκον [Refs]; 3rd.pers. singular κάλεσκε [Refs 3rd c.BC+]: future, Ionic dialect καλέω [Refs 8th c.BC+], Attic dialect καλῶ [LXX+5th c.BC+]aorist 1 subjunctive): aorist 1 ἐκάλεσα, Epic dialect ἐκάλεσσα, κάλεσσα, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (late Epic dialect ἔκλησα [Refs 2nd c.BC+]: perfect κέκληκα [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—middle, Attic dialect future καλοῦμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; later καλέσομαι (ἐκ-, ἐπι-) uncertain reading in [Refs 4th c.BC+]: aorist 1 ἐκαλεσάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect καλεσσάμην [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, future κεκλήσομαι [LXX+8th c.BC+]: aorist ἐκλήθην [Refs 7th c.BC+]perfect κέκλημαι, Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural κεκλήαται [Refs 3rd c.BC+], Ionic dialect κεκλέαται [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural…
Read the full entry →καλέω
kaleo
akin to the base of 2753; to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a
variety of applications, directly or otherwise):--bid, call (forth),
(whose, whose sur-)name (was (called)).
see GREEK for 2753
καλέω
v.
I call, invite, name
καλέω kaleō 148x
to call, call to, Jn. 10:3; to call into one’s presence, send for a person, Mt. 2:7; to summon, Mt. 2:15; 25:14; to invite, Mt. 22:9; to call to the performance of a certain thing, Mt. 9:13; Heb. 11:8; to call to a participation in the privileges of the Gospel, Rom. 8:30; 9:24; 1 Cor. 1:9; 7:18; to call to an office or dignity, Heb. 5:4; to name, style, Read the full entry →
καλέω καλέσω is aor1 subj. to call, summon, Hom., etc.: Mid. to call to oneself, id. Hom.
to call to a repast, to invite, Od.; κ. ἐπὶ δεῖπνον Hdt., Xen.; κληθέντες πρός τινα invited to his house, Dem.
to call on, invoke, τοὺς θεούς Hdt., attic; so in Mid., Aesch., etc.:—but ἀράς, ἅς σοι καλοῦμαι curses, which I call down on thee, Soph.:—in Pass., of the god, to be invoked, Aesch.
as law-term, of the judge, to cite or summon before the court, Ar., Dem.; πρὶν τὴν ἐμὴν [δίκην] καλεῖσθαι before it is called on, Ar.
of the plaintiff, in Mid., καλεῖσθαί τινα to sue at law, Lat. vocare in jus, id. Ar., etc.
to call by name, to call, name, Il., Trag.:— ὄνομα καλεῖν τινά to call him a name (i. e. by name), Od.; so, without ὄνομα, τί νιν καλοῦσα τύχοιμ᾽ ἄν; Aesch.:—Pass., τύμβωι δ᾽…
Verb-PPP-ASN — Verb · present · passive · participle · accusative · singular · neuteraccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular neuter.
V-PPP-ASN Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Present Voice: Passive Mood: Participle Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Neuter
147 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 45 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 148 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
Counted over the 254 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
ἑκάστῃ δὲ τῶν ἡμερῶν ἀπένειμεν ἔνια τῶν τοῦ παντὸς τμημάτων τὴν πρώτην ὑπεξελόμενος, ἣν αὐτὸς οὐδὲ πρώτην, ἵνα μὴ ταῖς ἄλλαις συγκαταριθμῆται, καλεῖ, μίαν δ’ ὀνομάσας ὀνόματι εὐθυβόλῳ προσαγορεύει, τὴν μονάδος φύσιν καὶ πρόσρησιν ἐνιδών τε καὶ…
ὡς πύργος, ὃν οἱ παῖδες αὐτοῦ ἐφ' ὕβρει τοῦ θεοῦ ᾠκοδόμησαν, καὶ ὡς τὰς φωνὰς αὐτῶν μετέβαλε καὶ ὁ τόπος, ἐν ᾧ τοῦτο γέγονε, Βαβυλὼν ἐκλήθη.
ὅτε δὲ τοὺς ἰδίους ἀποστόλους τοὺς μέλλοντας κηρύσσειν τὸ εὐαγγέλιον αὐτοῦ ἐξελέξατο, ὄντας ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν ἁμαρτίαν ἀνομωτέρους, ἵνα δείξῃ, ὅτι οὐκ ἦλθεν καλέσαι δικαίους, ἀλλὰ ἁμαρτωλούς, τότε ἐφανέρωσεν ἑαυτὸν εἶναι υἱὸν θεοῦ.
παρὰ Πατῆτος τοῦ Πανεβχώνιος. ἐκμισθωθείσης μοι τῆς νήσου καλουμένης Περχμασσινηιτ εἰς τὸ ιϛ ἔτος πυροῦ ἀρτάβας τεσσαράκοντα πέντε γίνονται πυροῦ ἀρτάβαι με ὄρνιθας
ὅλης τῆς γῆς· νότου γῆ Πατοῦτος τοῦ Ψεμμώνθου βορρᾶ γῆ Φαμούνιος ἀπηλιώτου κοιλὰς διῶρυξ καλούμενος πλα … Παθύρεως λιβὸς ὄρος ἢ οἳ ἂν ὦσι γείτονες πάντοθεν. ἐπρίατο Εὔνους Ἀσκληπιάδου
αὐτῇ … … ὡς ἐτῶν τριάκοντα τριῶν οὐλὴ … μηδὲν τὴν Ἀθηνάριον μηδὲν … καλεῖν μηδὲν καλέσειν τῶι Φιλιππωι … … πωαι ἐπεγράφη α … π … … ἑαυτῆς
The Greek word Καῦδα (transliterated as Klauda) refers to an island near Crete, mentioned in Acts 27:16. It is noted for its uncertain derivation and is also spelled Κλαῦδα. There is a scholarly disagreement regarding its textual representation in Acts 27:15, with some suggesting an alternative reading.
Καῦδα (TR, mg., Κλαῦδα; Rec. Κλαύδη), ἡ,
Cauda, Clauda, an island near Crete: Ac 27:16.†
Καῦδα. In £xp 7 xxi. p. 17 ff. Dr. Rendel Harris has shown good cause for believing that Kata should be read in the original text of Ac 2715 with N° B as against Κλαῦδα in NA, but see WSchm G7. p. 65. MGr Γαυδονῆσι.
Κλαύδη, Καῦδα (Klaudē, Kauda) — Cauda.
Καῦδα (TR, mg., Κλαῦδα; Rec. Κλαύδή), ἡ,
Cauda, Clauda, an island near Crete: Act.27:16.†
(From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)
Καῦδα
Klaude
of uncertain derivation; Claude, an island near Crete:--Clauda.
Κλαῦδη, ης, ἡ
n.f.
Cauda, Clauda
Καῦδα Kauda 1x
also spelled Κλαῦδα (G3084) and Κλαῦδη (G3085), Cauda, indecl. pr. name of an island, Acts 27:16*
Noun-ASF — Noun · accusative · singular · feminineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular feminine.
N-ASF Part of Speech: Noun Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Feminine
ko'-da (Kauda; also called Klauda; the King James Version Clauda; the modern Greek name Gaudho supports the form Cauda): An island 23 miles West of Cape Matala. It is a small island, and can never have supported a large population, or have been of any importance. Its elevation to the rank of a bishopric in Byzantine times must have been due to its association with the voyage of Paul. The ship with Paul on board was driven under the lee of Cauda (Ac 27:16); in the calm water south of the island the crew succeeded in hauling in the boat, undergirding the ship and slackening sail.
W. M. Calder
(Acts 27:16) The form given in the Revised Version to Clauda , an island south of Crete. It bears a closer relation to the modern name Gaudonesi of the Greek, the Gauda of P. Mela. (Clauda . --ED.)
1 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
The Greek word ἰσχύω (ischuō) is built from the root ἰσχύς and generally means to be strong or powerful. It covers a range of meanings including being strong in body, having power, prevailing, and being serviceable. The New Testament uses it in various contexts, such as in Matthew 9:12 and Acts 19:20. There is a note on its use in the Septuagint for Hebrew words meaning strength.
ἰσχύω
(< ἰσχύς),
[in LXX for חזק, גִּבּוֹר, עצם, etc.;]
to be strong in body: Mt 9:12, Mk 2:17.
to be powerful, have power, prevail: Ac 19:20, Re 12:8; seq. κατά, c. gen. pers., Ac 19:16; c. inf., to be able (MM, Exp., xv): Mt 8:28 26:40, Mk 5:4 9:18 (inf. understood) 14:37, Lk 6:48 8:43 13:24 14:6, 29, 30 16:3 20:26, Jo 21:6, Ac 6:10 15:10 25:7 27:16; c. acc., Phl 4:13, Ja 5:16; of things, to avail, be serviceable (MM, Exp., xv): Mt 5:13…
ἰσχύω ; impf. ἴσχυον; fut. ἰσχύσω; 1 aor. ἴσχυσα; (ἰσχύς) ; Sept. for PIT, PS, OSD, οἴο.; to be strong, i.e. 1. to be strong in body, to be robust, to be in sound health: ot ἰσχύοντες, as subst., Mt. ix. 12; Mk. ii. 17, (Soph. Tr. 234; Xen. Cyr. 6, 1, 24; joined with ὑγιαίνειν, id. mem. PB tl) 2. to have power, [fr. Aeschyl. down], i. e. a. to have a power evinced in extraordinary deeds, i. e. to exert, wield, power: so of the gospel, Acts xix. 20; Hebraistically, to have strength to overcome: οὐκ ἴσχυσαν, [A. V prevailed not i. 6.1 succumbed, were conquered, (so o> x5, Gen. xxxii. 26 (25)), Rev. xii. 8; κατά twos, against one, i.e. to use one’s strength against one, to treat him with violence, Acts xix. 16. b. i. q. to be of force, avail (Germ. gelten) : Heb. ix. 17; ri, Gal. v. 6, and Ree. in vi. 15. c. to be serviceable: εἴς τι [A. V. qood for], Mt. v.13. ἃ. foll. by inf. to be able…
Read the full entry →ἰσχύω. The special sense in Gal 55, Heb 91”, occurs in P Tebt II. 2867 (A.D, 121-138) νομὴ ἄδικος [οὐ]δὲν εἰσχύει, unjust possession is invalid”: cf. the use of the verb with reference to money like the Lat. va/eo, Cagnat IV. 915a'? ἡ ‘Podla δραχμὴ τούτου τοῦ δηναρίου ἰσχύει ἐν Κιβύρᾳ ἀσσάρια δέκα. For the meaning ‘‘ have power” cf. P Petr II. 18(1)} (B.C. 246) διὰ τὸ μ[ὴ]} ἰσχύειν αὐτόν pe κωλύειν, ‘ because I was not strong enough to hinder him,” and P Oxy I. 6γ}" (A.D. 338) πάντα μέν, ws ἔπος ἐστὶν εἰπεῖν, ὅσα εἰσχύειν τι δύν[α]τ[αι] παρὰ τὴν τῶν νόμων [io d]v πρὸς ὀλίγον εἰσχύει, ‘everything, it may be said, that is able to withstand the power of the law withstands but for a short time”’ (Edd.). The ordinary sense ‘‘ to be able,” without the connotation of strength, may be seen early in P Eleph 1733 (B.C. 223) διὰ τὸ μὴ εἰσχύειν αὐτοὺς καταβαλεῖν τὰς λοιπὰς avadopas, ““ because they…
Read the full entry →ἰσχύω (ischuō) — be strong.
ἰσχ-ύω
(ἰσχύς), [Refs]: imperfect ἴσχυον [Refs 5th c.BC+]: future ἰσχύσω [Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἴσχῡσα [Refs 5th c.BC+]: perfect ἴσχῡκα [Refs 4th c.BC+]:—passive, aorist κατ-ισχύθην [Refs 1st c.BC+]: (ἰσχύς):—to be strong in body, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἴσχυόν τ᾽ αὐτὸς ἐμαυτοῦ, i.e. I had all my strength, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἰ. ἐκ νόσου to be recovering, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
2. to be powerful, prevail, μηδὲν μεῖον ἰ. Διός [Refs 4th c.BC+]; πλέον, μεῖζον ἰ., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; later ἰ. πρός τινα prevail against, [LXX]; ἐπί τινας[LXX]; ἰ. τινί to be strong in a thing, σοφία ἀνὴρ ὑπὲρ ἀνδρὸς ἰσχύει [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὅθεν ἰσχύομεν, ᾗπερ ἰσχύουσι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἰ. παρά τινι have power or influence with one, [Refs 4th…
ἰσχύω
ischuo
from 2479; to have (or exercise) force (literally or
figuratively):--be able, avail, can do(-not), could, be good, might,
prevail, be of strength, be whole, + much work.
see GREEK for 2479
ἰσχύω
v.
I am strong, able
ἰσχύω from ἰσχύ_ς perh. akin to ἔχω, ἴσχω ἰσχύ_ω, to be strong in body, Soph., Xen., etc.
to be strong, mighty, powerful, prevail, Aesch., etc.; πλέον, μεῖζον ἰσχ. Eur.; ἰσχ. παρά τινι to have power or influence with one, Thuc.
Verb-AAI-1P — Verb · aorist · active · indicative · first person · pluralaorist active indicative — a completed action, viewed as a whole.
V-AAI-1P Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Aorist Voice: Active Mood: Indicative Person: first Number: Plural
a'-b'-l: The Greek dunamai, "to have power," may refer either to inherent strength, or to the absence of in external obstacles, or to what may be allowable or permitted. The Greek ischuo, as in Lu 13:24; Joh 21:6, refers always to the first of the above meanings. The use of the word as an adjective the King James Version of 2Co 3:6, is misleading, and has been properly changed in the Revised Version (British and American) into "sufficient as ministers," i.e. "hath fitted us to be ministers."
28 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 21 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 28 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 52 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
ὅτε γὰρ ἐξομολογήσασθαι τῷ θεῷ καὶ παραχωρῆσαι πάντα ἴσχυσεν ἡ ψυχή, κτῆμα κρεῖσσον λαβεῖν οὐκέτ’ εἶχε·
αἱ γὰρ κατισχνωμέναι βόες δαπανήσασαι τὰς κρείττονας οὐκ ἴσχυσαν κορεσθῆναι.
τὰ τέκνα ἡμῶν τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ παιδείας μεταλαμβανέτωσαν: μαθέτωσαν, τί ταπεινοφροσύνη παρὰ θεῷ ἰσχύει, τί ἀγάπη ἁγνὴ παρὰ θεῷ δύναται, πῶς ὁ φόβος αὐτοῦ καλὸς καὶ μέγας καὶ σώζων πάντας τοὺς ἐν αὐτῷ ὁσίως ἀναστρεφομένους ἐν καθαρᾷ διανοίᾳ.
Μάξιμος Μένν … … τῷ ἀδελφῷ πλεῖστα χαίρειν· εὔχομαί σε ἰσχύειν· ἰσχύω δ’ ἐγὼ καὶ αὐτός. ἔλαβα ἀπὸ Ἰούστου δραχμὰς δ. καλῶς ἐποίησας, ἄδελφε, ὅτι
Θεόδωρος Σαβίνῳ τῷ τιμιωτάτῳ ἀδελφῷ χαίρειν· πρὸ παντὸς εὔχομαί σε ἰσχύειν καὶ ὑγιαίνειν. ὡς ἄρτι οὐκ ᾔδειν ὅτι εἰς Διδύμους εἶ· εἰ δὲ μὴ καθ'
ο ὡς μὴ ἐξῆν σοι εἰσέρχεσθαι εἰς … … … … … … μου ἴσχυσάν με κατάκλειστον ποιῆσαι … … μαι … ἀρχεφόδῳ ἐφʼ ἡμέρας ἓξ ἄχρι ἂν ἐμαυτὸν
The Greek word μόλις (molis) is an adverb meaning 'with difficulty,' 'hardly,' or 'scarcely.' It is derived from the root μόλος (toil) and is a later form of μόγις. The New Testament uses it in several contexts, including Luke 9:39 and Romans 5:7, indicating situations where something is achieved with great effort or is very rare.
μόλις, (μόλος toil); an adv. used by post-Hom. writ. indiscriminately with μόγις ; a. with difficulty, hardly, (ef. Sap. ix. 16, where μετὰ πόνου corresponds to it in the parallel member) : [Lk. ix. 39 Tr mrg. WH (al. μόγις, qv.)]; Acts xiv. 18; xxvii. 7 sq. 16; 1 Pet. iv. 18. b. not easily, i. e. scarcely, very rarelu: Ro. v. 7.
μόλις. P Tebt I. τοῦ (B.c. 114) μόλις ἕως τῆς KE χωρισθήσονται, ‘* they will hardly depart until the 25th” (Edd.), P Ryl II. 113°? (A.D. 133) μόλις πάντα τὰ ἐμαυτοῦ πωλήσας ἐδυνήθην πληρῶσαι, “1 was with difficulty able to complete this by selling all my property” (Edd.), P Oxy VIII. 1117} (c. A.D. 178) μέτρια κεκτήμεθα ἐξ ὧν kal μόλις ζῶμεν, and Kaibel 5311 μόλις ποτὲ ηὗρον δεσπότ[ην] εὐνούστατον. In MGr μόλις may have a temporal sense, ‘‘ just now,” The word is perhaps related to p@dos, Lat. moles, just as μόγις comes from μόγος (Boisacq, p. 643). ‘as soon as.
μόλις (molis) — hardly.
μόλῐς,
adverb, post-[Refs 8th c.BC+], prevailing in Trag., Comedy texts, and Attic dialect prose, though in [Refs 5th c.BC+] the Laur. Ms. gives each form twice, the same Ms. of [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μ. μέν, ἀλλ᾽ ὅμως ἠνεσχόμην [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ζῶντι καὶ μάλα μ. nay, only just alive, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μ. καὶ ἠρέμα πάσχειν scarcely at all.., [Refs 4th c.BC+] not scarcely, i.e. quite, utterly, ἀπώλεσας οὐ μ. [Refs 4th c.BC+]; θέλουσαν οὐ μ. καλεῖς [Refs 5th c.BC+]
μόλις
molis
probably by variation for 3425; with difficulty:--hardly, scarce(-ly),
+ with much work.
see GREEK for 3425
μόλις
Adv
with difficulty, hardly
μόλις molis 6x
with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, Acts 14:18; 27:7, 8, 16; Rom. 5:7; 1 Pet. 4:18*
μόλις later form for μόγις, Trag., Thuc., etc. with a negat., οὐ μόλις not scarcely, i. e. quite, utterly, Aesch., Eur.
6 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 3 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 7 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
ἀποτίκτεται μὲν γὰρ ὁ καρπὸς ἐοικὼς ἀμερέσι ψήγμασιν ὑπὸ βραχύτητος μόλις ὁρατοῖς, ἅπερ οὐκ ἀπὸ σκοποῦ φαίη τις ἂν εἶναι πρῶτα αἰσθητά·
παυσαμένου δὲ τοῦ ὑετοῦ μόλις ἤρξατο ὑποβαίνειν τὸ ὕδωρ ἐφʼ ἡμέρας ἑκατὸν καὶ πεντήκοντα, ὡς μηνὶ ἑβδόμῳ, ἱσταμένου δὲ ἦν ἑβδόμη, κατʼ ὀλίγον ὑπονοστεῖν ἀπολήγοντος.
ἀγεώργητόν ἐστιν. οὐδεὶς τῶν γεωργῶν ἠθέλησεν γεωργεῖν αὐτό, μόνον διαγράφω τὰ δημόσια μηδὲν συνκομιζόμενος μόλις γὰρ μίαν πρασιὰν ποτίζει τὸ ὕδωρ, ὅθεν ἀναγκαίως ἐλθέ, ἐπεὶ κινδυνεύει τὰ φυτὰ διαφωνῆσαι.
r Ἡλιόδωρος Σαραπίωνι τῶι πατρὶ χαίρειν. μόλις ποτὲ λαβών σου τὴν ἐπιστολὴν ἥσθην ὅτι ἔρρωσαι κατὰ τὰς εὐχὰς ἡμῶν. ἐγὼ δὲ
Ψεαθύριος ἀνὰ δ ιβ α 𐅵 η ιϛ, γίνονται ἄρουραι ι δ η, καὶ μόλις τυχόντες ταύτης τῆς εὐεργεσίας ἐπιδίδομεν τόδε τὸ ἀναφόριον ὑπισχνούμενοι τὰς προκειμένας ἀρούρας ι δ
περι-κρατής, -€s, (κράτος), τινός, having full power over a thing : [περικ. γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης, to secure}, Acts xxvii. 16. (Sus. 39 cod. Alex.; eccl. writ.)
περικρατής, “ἐ ραϊπίηρσ the mastery over’? (Ac 2715), is found in the apocryphal Sus (Θ) 39 A. For the verb see the Arovem. to the Gnomon®*. (c. A.D. 150) (= BGU V. 1. p. 10) ὅπως ... εὐχερ[ῶς] τῶν πραγμάτων περικ[ρ])]ατῇς, “in order that you may easily master the business”: cf. M. Anton. x. 8. 2.
περικρατής (perikratēs) — in control of.
περικρᾰτ-ής, ές,
grasping, tenacious, γαμφηλαί [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; having full command over, π. γενέσθαι τῆς σκάφης [NT+2nd c.AD+]; compare περικρεμής.
περικρατής
perikrates
from 4012 and 2904; strong all around, i.e. a master (manager):--+
come by.
see GREEK for 4012
see GREEK for 2904
περικρατής, ές
Adj
having full power over, mastering
περικρατής perikratēs 1x
overpowering; περικρατὴς γενέσθαι, to become master of, to secure, Acts 27:16*
περικρατής περι-κρα^τής, ές κράτος having full command over a thing, c. gen., NTest.
Adj-NPM — Adjective · nominative · plural · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked plural masculine.
A-NPM Part of Speech: Adjective Case: Nominative Number: Plural Gender: Masculine
1 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
συντεμὼν ὑπέταξά σοι, ὅπως τῇ τῆς ἀναγραφῆς ὀλιγομερίᾳ τὴν μνήμην ἐπιστήσας εὐχερῶς τῶν πραγμάτων περικρατῇς. α ὧν ὁ φίσκος ἀναλαμβάνει τὰς οὐσίας, τούτων τοὺς τάφους περιεωρᾶτο. ὁ δὲ θεὸς
γίνομαι (ginomai) is a versatile Greek verb meaning to come into being, be born, or arise. It covers a wide range of uses, from the creation of things to events occurring. In the New Testament, it appears in contexts such as birth (e.g., Romans 1:3), occurrences in nature (e.g., John 12:29), and actions being performed (e.g., Matthew 21:42). It can also express the idea of becoming or changing states.
γίνομαι, Ion. and κοινή for Att. γίγν- (M. Pr., 47; Bl., §6, 8 Mayser, 166 f.),
[in LXX chiefly for היה ;]
of persons, things occurrences, to come into being, be born, arise, come on: Jo 1:15 8:58, I Co 15:37; a first appearance in public, Mk 1:4, Jo 1:6, al.; seq. ἐκ (of birth), Ro 1:3, Ga 4:4; διά, Jo 1:3; βροντή, Jo 12:29; σεισμός, Re 6:12; γογγυσμός, Ac 6:1; χαρά, Ac 8:8, many other similar exx.; ἡμέρα, Lk 22:66, al.; ὀψέ, Read the full entry →
γίνομαι (in Ionic prose writ.and in com. Grk. fr. Aristot. on for Attic γίγνομαι) ; [impf. ἐγινόμην ; fut. γενήσομαι ; 2 aor. ἐγενόμην (often in 3 pers. sing. optat. γένοιτο ; [ptep. yevapevos, Lk. xxiv. 22 Tdf. ed. 7]), and, with no diff. in signif., 1 aor. pass. ἐγενήθην, rejected by the Atticists (cf. Lob. ad Phryn. p. 108 sq.; [Thom. Mag. ed. Ritschl p. 75, 6 sq.]), not rare in later Grk., common in Sept. (Acts iv. 4; 1 Th. ii. 14; 1 Co. xv. 10, etc.), impv. γενηθήτω (Mt. vi. 10; xv. 28, ete.) ; pf. γεγένημαι and γέγονα, 3 pers. plur. γέγοναν L T Tr WH in Ro. xvi. 7 and Rey. xxi. 6 (cf. [Tdf. Proleg. p. 124; WH. App. p. 166; Soph. Lex. p. 37 sq.; Curtius, Das Verbum, ii. 187]; W. 36 and 76 (73) sq-; Mullach p. 16; B. 43 (37 sq.)), [ptep. γεγονώς] ; plpf. 3 pers. sing. ἐγεγόνει (Jn. vi. 17 [not Tdf.];. Acts iv. 22 [where L T Tr WH γεγόνει, cf. W. § 12, 9; B. 33 (29); Tdf.’s note on…
Read the full entry →γίνομαι {Ξ ΠῚ. p. 210) γενοῦ πρὸς "Ata τὸν ποιμένα καὶ δέξαι παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ δραχμὰς διακοσίας, P Flor II. 180 (a.p. 253) ἐὰν γένηται πρός σε Διόσκορος, α΄. Γίνομαι sometimes supplies an aorist fir εἰμί : ἐγενόμην is normally ingressive (= became), but has to serve on occasion for summary (‘‘constative ’’) aorist as well—cf. Prolfeg. p. 109. Thus P. Flor III. 382% (cited ad 72.) might be translated ‘the son whom I neither have nor ever had,’’ as well as ‘‘ nor was ever born to me.” Lk 13? is an instance of this summary use. It appears in a very common technical usage, by which γενόμενος, with the tithe of an official, etc., denotes “ex-’’: where the title forms a verb, the aor, the perf.) partic. of this is used instead. arch” is γυμνασιαρχήσας. For the periphrasis cf. P Oxy I. 3811 (a.p. 49-50) (= Selections, p. 53) καθὰ π|ζα]ρῆλθον ἐπὶ τοῦ γενομένου τοῦ νομοῦ στρατηγοῦ Ilaciwyvos, “1…
Read the full entry →γίνομαι (ginomai) — to be.
γίγνομαι,
Ionic dialect and after [Refs 4th c.BC+] γίνομαι [ῑ], (Attic dialect Inscrr. have γιγν- in fifth and fourth cententury,[Refs]; Thess. γίνυμαι [Refs]; Boeotian dialect γίνιουμαι [Refs]future γενήσομαι: aorist ἐγενόμην (ἐγενάμην [LXX] (προ-) Decrees Byzantine cited in [Refs 4th c.BC+], Ionic dialect 2nd pers. singular γένευ [Refs 8th c.BC+], 3rd.pers. singular γενέσκετο [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect γέντο [Refs 8th c.BC+] (gṇ-το): perfect γέγονα [Refs 8th c.BC+]: 3rd.pers. plural γέγοναν [NT]: pluperfect ἐγεγόνει [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ionic dialect ἐγεγόνεε [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect forms (as if from perfect γέγᾰα), 2nd pers. plural γεγάᾱτε [Refs 8th c.BC+]pluperfect ἐκ-γεγάτην [ᾰ] [Refs 8th c.BC+]; infinitive γεγάμεν [ᾰ] [Refs 8th c.BC+]; participle γεγᾰώς -ᾰυῖα, plural -ᾰῶτες, -ᾰυῖαι [Refs 8th c.BC+], contraction γεγώς, -ῶσα [Refs…
Read the full entry →γίνομαι
ginomai
a prolongation and middle voice form of a primary verb; to cause to be
("gen"-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used
with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.):--arise, be
assembled, be(-come, -fall, -have self), be brought (to pass), (be)
come (to pass), continue, be divided, draw, be ended, fall, be
finished, follow, be found, be fulfilled, + God forbid, grow, happen,
have, be kept, be made, be married, be ordained to be, partake, pass,
be performed, be published, require, seem, be showed, X soon as it
was, sound, be taken, be turned, use, wax, will, would, be wrought.
γίνομαι
v.
I come into being, am born
γίνομαι ginomai 669x
pluperfect, ἐγενόει (3rd sg), to come into existence; to be created, exist by creation, Jn. 1:3, 10; Heb. 11:3; Jas. 3:9; to be born, produced, grow, Mt. 21:19; Jn. 8:58, et al.; to arise, come on, occur, as the phenomena of nature, etc.; Mt. 8:24, 26; 9:16, et al.; to come, approach, as morning or evening, Mt. 8:16; 14:15, 23; to be appointed, constituted, established, Mk. 2:27; Gal.…
Read the full entry →Verb-2ADN — Verb · second aorist · middle deponent · infinitivesecond aorist middle deponent infinitive — a completed action, viewed as a whole.
V-2ADN Part of Speech: Verb Tense: second Aorist Voice: middle Deponent Mood: iNfinitive TVM equivalent: G5635
gan: In the Old Testament the translation of three Hebrew substantives, betsa`, "unjust gain," "any gain" (Jud 5:19; Job 22:3; Pr 1:19; 15:27; Isa 33:15; 56:11; Eze 22:13,17; Mic 4:13); mechir, "price" for which a thing is sold (Da 11:39, the only place where the Hebrew word is translated "gain" in the King James Version, though it occurs in other places translated "price"); tebhu'ah, "produce," "profits," "fruit" (Pr 3:14). It is the translation of one Hebrew…
677 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 180 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 668 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
πρὸς δὲ τὸ μὴ γεγονὸς οἰκείωσις οὐδεμία τῷ μὴ πεποιηκότι.
ὡς ὁ κατακλυσμὸς ἐγένετο καὶ ὃν τρόπον Νῶχος σωθεὶς ἐν λάρνακι μετὰ τῶν συγγενῶν κατῴκησεν ἐν τῷ Σινάρῳ πεδίῳ.
γενώμεθα πνευματικοί, γενώμεθα ναὸς τέλειος τῷ θεῷ.
ἔχω εἰς τὸν Ἑρμίου λόγον περὶ πῆς τοπογραμματείας τοῦ νγ ἔτους χαλκοῦ τάλαντα δέκα. γίνεται τάλαντα ι. καὶ περὶ τῆς κωμογραμματείας ὁμοίως χαλκοῦ τάλαντα δέκα. γίνεται τάλαντα ι. καὶ
ἀποστερέσαι … ησας ἀλλά … τας κατὰ κοινόν … ἐπίσκεψιν ποιησάσθαι. … τούτων γὰρ γενομένων ἐσόμεθα βεβοηθημένοι ὑφʼ ὑμῶν. ἔρρωσθε. ἔτους θ Φαρμοῦθι κζ, ἐπιλέγματος ἀναγνωσθέντος τοῦ ὑπομνήματος ἐκρίθη
λ εὐμεγέθης μελίχρως τετανὸς μακροπρόσωπος εὐθύριν οὐλὴ φαλάνθῳ ἀριστερῶι χαλκοῦ νομίσματος τάλαντα δέκα δύο, γίνεται τάλαντα ιβ, ἄτοκα, ἡμερῶν τριάκοντα ἀπὸ μηνὸς Παῦνι ιθ. τὸ δὲ δάνειον τοῦτο ἀποδότω
The definite article — the commonest word in the Greek New Testament at 19,867 occurrences. Greek uses it more freely than English does and can drop it deliberately, so its presence and its absence both carry weight for a translator; but no single occurrence carries a message of its own. Here it simply gathers “the things” into one definite bundle.
ὁ, ἡ, τό,
the prepositive article (ἄρθρον προτακτικόν), originally a demonstr. pron. (so usually in Hom.), in general corresponding to the Eng. definite article.
As demonstr. pron.
As freq. in Hom., absol., he (she, it), his (etc.): Ac 17:28 (quoted from the poet Aratus).
ὁ 435 ὁ tives of quantity, ὅλος, πᾶς, πολύς, see each in its own place. d. What has been said concerning adjectives holds true also of all other limitations added to substantives, as ἡ κατ᾽ ἐκλογὴν πρόθεσις, Ro. ix. 11; ἡ παρ᾽ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη, Ro. xi. 27; 6 λόγος 6 τοῦ σταυροῦ, 1 Co. i. 18; ἡ εἰς Χριστὸν πίστις, Col. ii. 5; on the other hand, ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν ἡ πρὸς τὸν θεόν, 1 Th. i. 8; τῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους, 2 Co. viii. 4; see many other exx. of each usage in W. 131 (124) sqq.; [B. 91 (80) sqq.]. e. The noun has the article before it when a demonstrative pronoun (υὗτος, ἐκεῖνος) belonging to it either precedes or follows [W. § 18, 4; B. § 127, 29-31]; as, ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος, Jn. ix. 24 [οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρ. 1, Tr mrg. WH); Acts vi. 13; xxii. 26; ὁ λαὸς οὗτος, Mt. xv. 8; 6 vids σου οὗτος, Lk. xv. 30; plur. Lk. xxiv. 17, and numberless other exx.; οὗτος 6 ἄνθρωπος, Lk. xiv. 30; οὗτος ὁ…
Read the full entry →ὃ, ἡ τό. (1) Apart from connexion with μέν or δέ (see below) the demonstrative use of the art. in the NT is confined to a poetical quotation Ac 1778, but it is not uncommon in the papyri, e.g. P Par 45® (B.C. 153) (= Witkowski®, p. 85) τὰ (for ἃ) πράσεις (Δ πράσσεις), P Oxy VIII. 1160! (iii/iv A.D.) Ta (for ἃ) σεσύλληχα (for συνείληχα) δὲ κέρμα {ταν τηρῶ αὐτὰ εἰς τὴν δίκην, “1 am keeping for the trial the money that I have collected” (Ed.). For the distributive Opéev.. - 6 8€, as in 1 Cor7’, cf. P Lond 535 (B.c. 161) (=I. p. 19, U.P.Z. i. p. 239) kal τὰ μὲν ἡμῶν ἐληφότων εἰς τὴν γινομένην ἡμῖν συντάξειν, τὰ δ᾽ ἔτι διὰ τὴν τῶν ὑποτεταγμένων {(.. ... > παρελκομένων. (2) The use of the art. as a relative, of which there is no trace in the NT, may again be illustrated by the following papyrus citations from ¢c. A.D. 346—P Lond 414® (= II. Ῥ. 292) γεινῴσκιν oe θέλω περὶ τοῦ βρεουίου…
Read the full entry →ὁ (ho) — the/this/who.
ὁ,
ἡ, τό, is, when thus written,
__A demonstrative Pronoun.
__B in Attic dialect, definite or prepositive Article.
__C in Epic dialect, the so-called postpositive Article, = relative Pronoun, ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.—The nominative masculine and feminine singular and plural, ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ, have no accent in codices and most printed books, except when used as the relative; but ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ differ only in writing from ὃ, ἣ, οἳ, α; the nominative forms of the article are said by Hdn.Gr.1.474 to be oxytone, and by [Refs 2nd c.AD+] in Aeolic dialect accusative to [Refs 8th c.BC+] genitive and dative dual τοῖιν [Refs 8th c.BC+]— In Doric dialect and all other dialects except Attic dialect and Ionic dialect the feminine forms preserve the old ᾱ instead of changing it to η, hence Doric dialect etc. ἁ, τάν, τᾶ; the genitive plural τάων contracts in many dialects to τᾶ; the genitive…
ὁ ἡ τό
ho
he hay, and the neuter
to to
in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be
supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom):--the, this, that, one,
he, she, it, etc.
ὁ, ἡ, τό
Article
the
ὁ ho 19x
the prepositive article, answering, to a considerable extent, to the English definite article; but, for the principle and facts of its usage, consult a grammar; ὁ μὲν ... ὁ δέ, the one ... the other, Phil. 1:16, 17; Heb. 7:5, 6, 20, 21, 23, 24; pl. some ... others, Mt. 13:23; 22:5, 6; ὁ δέ, but he, Mt. 4:4; 12:48; οἱ δέ, but others, Mt. 28:17; used, in a poetic quotation, for a personal pronoun, Acts 17:28
ὁ the, that
ὁ, ἡ, τό, is
demonstr. Pronoun.
the definite Article.
in epic, the relative Pronoun, when it is written with the accent ὅ, ἥ, τό ῀ ὅς, ἥ, ὅ. Besides the common forms, note epic gen. sg. τοῖο for τοῦ; pl. nom. τοί, ταί; gen. fem. τάων [α^], dat. τοῖσι, τῇς and τῇσι; dual gen, and dat. τοῖιν:— in Trag. we find τοὶ μέν . . , τοὶ δέ . . , for οἱ μέν . . , οἱ δέ . . ; dat. pl. also τοῖσι, ταῖσι: the dual has commonly but one gender, τώ for τά, τοῖν for ταῖν.
DEMONSTR. PRONOUN:
joined with a Subst., not as the Art., but like Lat. ille, ὁ Τυδείδης Tydeus's famous son, Il.; Νέστωρ ὁ γέρων Nestor— that aged man, id. Il.; τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου for honour, namely that of Priam, id. Il.
Art-GSF — Article · genitive · singular · femininegenitive — of, from, belonging to.
Agrees with anything else marked singular feminine.
T-GSF Part of Speech: definite arTicle Case: Genitive Number: Singular Gender: Feminine
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
20,685 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 83 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 19,783 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
40 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
Τῶν ἄλλων νομοθετῶν οἱ μὲν ἀκαλλώπιστα καὶ γυμνὰ τὰ νομισθέντα παρ’ αὐτοῖς εἶναι δίκαια διετάξαντο, οἱ δὲ πολὺν ὄγκον τοῖς νοήμασι προσπεριβαλόντες ἐξετύφωσαν τὰ πλήθη μυθικοῖς πλάσμασι τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐπικρύψαντες.
ἡ τοῦ κόσμου σύστασις καὶ διάταξις τῶν στοιχείων.
Χαίρετε, υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες, ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντος ἡμᾶς, ἐν εἰρήνῃ.
r βασιλεύοντος Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν Φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιε, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν
ιζ Θῶυθ κη ἀπέδοτο Πετεσοῦχος Φίβιος καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ τὸ ὕπαρχον αὐτοῖς ἥμισυ περιστερῶνος τοῦ ὄντος ἐν τῶι ἀπὸ βορρᾶ μέρει Παθύρεως χαλκοῦ Γ. ἐπρίατο Ὧρος Νεχούτου.
βασιλευόντων Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιϛ, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν
The Greek word σκάφη (skaphe) refers to anything that is scooped out, particularly a light boat or skiff. It can also denote hollow vessels like troughs or tubs. The New Testament uses it in Acts 27:16, 30, and 32, where it specifically refers to a small boat. Various lexicons note its broader meanings, but they consistently emphasize its association with boats.
** σκάφη, -ης, ἡ
(< σκάπτω),
[in LXX: Da LXX Bel 32, TH ib. 33 * ;]
anything scooped out, esp. a light boat, skiff: Ac 27:16, 30, 32.†
σκάφη, -ης, ἡ, (σκάπτω (a. v.]), ἔτ. [Aeschyl. and] Hat. down, anything dug out, hollow vessel, trough, tray, tub; spec. a boat: Acts xxvil. 16, 30, 32.
σκάφη, “©a small boat” (Ac 2715, 80, 82): cf. P Cairo Zen I. §9025° (B.c. 28 or 29) σκάφης τρισκάλμου, ‘a boat with three sculls,” BGU IV. 115718 (B.c. 10) τρίτον μέρους τῆς δηλουμένης σκάφης, and P Lond 256 (a)! (A.p. {1-5) (=I. p. 99) κυβερνήτης σκάφης δημοσίας, ‘pilot ofa public vessel.” For the dim. σκαφίδιον see P Oxy VII. 10687 (iii/a.D.) διαπέμψετό μοι σκαφίδιον ἀρταβῶν ἑξήκοντα, ‘he sent mea skiff of sixty artabae burden,” as contrasted with πλοῖον, previously mentioned.
σκάφη (skaphē) — lifeboat.
σκᾰφ-η, ἡ:
I. trough, tub, basin, or bowl [Refs 8th c.BC+]; kneading-trough or baker's tray, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; wash-tub, bath, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; bowl or tray on which offerings were carried by metoeci at the Panathenaea, etc., [Refs]; compare σκαφηφόρος: proverbial, τὰ σῦκα σῦκα, τὴν σκάφην σκάφην λέγει [Refs 1st c.AD+]
I.2. light boat, skiff, [Refs 5th c.BC+] (with a pun on signification [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; used for cargo, [Refs 1st c.BC+]; boat-load, ξύλων [Refs 3rd c.BC+]
I.3. child's cradle, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
I.4. grave, [Refs]
II. concave sun-dial, [Refs 1st c.BC+]. (Prob. originally something dug or scooped out, from σκάπτω.)
σκάφη
skaphe
a "skiff" (as if dug out), or yawl (carried aboard a large vessel for
landing):--boat.
σκάφη, ης, ἡ
n.f.
a boat
σκάφη skaphē 3x
pr. anything excavated or hollowed; a boat, skiff, Acts 27:16, 30, 32*
σκάφη σκά^φη, ἡ, σκάπτω anything dug or scooped out,
a trough or tub, basin or bowl, Hdt.
a light boat, skiff, Ar.
proverb., τὴν σκάφην σκάφην λέγειν "to call a spade a spade, " to call things by their right names, Luc.
Noun-GSF — Noun · genitive · singular · femininegenitive — of, from, belonging to.
Agrees with anything else marked singular feminine.
N-GSF Part of Speech: Noun Case: Genitive Number: Singular Gender: Feminine
3 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 3 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
τὸ γὰρ κάλλιστον ἔρεισμα τῆς ψυχῆς ἐξέκοψαν, τὴν περὶ τοῦ ζῶντος ἀεὶ θεοῦ προσήκουσαν ὑπόληψιν, ὥσπερ τε ἀνερμάτιστα σκάφη σαλεύουσιν ὧδε κἀκεῖσε διαφερόμενοι τὸν αἰῶνα, μηδέποτ’ εἰς λιμένα κατᾶραι μηδ’ ἐνορμίσασθαι βεβαίως ἀληθείᾳ δυνάμενοι,…
Ἐναυπηγήσατο δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐν τῷ Αἰγυπτιακῷ κόλπῳ σκάφη πολλὰ τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς θαλάσσης ἔν τινι τόπῳ λεγομένῳ Γασίων Γάβελος οὐ πόρρω Ἰλάνεως πόλεως, ἣ νῦν Βερενίκη καλεῖται·
καὶ ἀναβαίνων ἀνένεγκον σαγὰς τρεῖς καὶ μανδάκας τρεῖς καὶ τὰ σφαιρώματα δύο καὶ τὴν σκάφην καὶ τὰ χιλώματα τῶν ὄνων σου καὶ τὴν χοίνικά σου· τὰς δὲ λοιπὰς σαγὰς
ανος κυβερνήτης σκάφης δημοσίας ἀγωγῆς ἀρταβῶν … , ἧς παράσημος ἶβις, διὰ ἐπίπλου Σέκτος Ἀτίνιος κεντυρίας Ἀρίου
τῶν ἀπὸ Ὑφαντῶνος τοῦ Ἑρμοπολείτου Πέρσης τῆς ἐπιγονῆς κυβερνήτης τῆς Μάρκου Κορνηλίου Τορούλλου ἑκατοντάρχου σκάφης ποταμίας ἀγωγῆς ἀρταβῶν πεντακοσίων Πολυτίμῳ Γαΐου Νορβανοῦ Πτολεμαίου τὴν δηλουμένην σκάφην σὺν τῇ ναυτείᾳ,