1 Chronicles 6:74 — Word Study
WLCוּמִמַּטֵּ֣ה אָשֵׁ֔ר אֶת־ מָשָׁ֖ל וְאֶת־ מִגְרָשֶׁ֑יהָ וְאֶת־ עַבְדּ֖וֹן וְאֶת־ מִגְרָשֶֽׁיהָ׃
BSAand from [the] tribe ofu.mi.ma.Teh Asher'a.Sher the object marker'et- Mashalma.Shal△ and the object markerve.'Et pasture lands itsmig.ra.Shei.ha and the object markerve.'Et Abdonav.Don and the object markerve.'Et pasture lands itsmig.ra.Shei.ha
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּמִמַּטֵּ֣ה | and from [the] tribe of | Conjunction, preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| אָשֵׁ֔ר | Asher | Noun proper masculine |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| מָשָׁ֖ל | Mashal | Noun proper |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| מִגְרָשֶׁ֑יהָ | pasture lands its | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| עַבְדּ֖וֹן | Abdon | Noun proper |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| מִגְרָשֶֽׁיהָ׃ | pasture lands its | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | From the tribe of Asher they were given Mashal, Abdon, |
| KJV | And out of the tribe of Asher; Mashal with her suburbs, and Abdon with her suburbs, |
| ASV | and out of the tribe of Asher, Mashal with its suburbs, and Abdon with its suburbs, |
| YLT | and from the tribe of Asher; Mashal and its suburbs, and Abdon and its suburbs, |
| WEB | and out of the tribe of Asher, Mashal with its pasture lands, Abdon with its pasture lands, |
| BBE | And out of the tribe of Asher, Mashal with its outskirts, and Abdon with its outskirts, |
All translations agree on the names of the cities given to the tribe of Asher.
The sentence structure is straightforward, with a main clause followed by two object phrases listing the cities.
2 commentators on this verse
Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 10 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 6:74
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Allocation of Cities to the Tribesgenerated
1 Chronicles 6:74 describes the cities given to the tribe of Asher, emphasizing their role within the tribal allotments in Israel. This allocation reflects the historical context of land distribution among the tribes, as seen in earlier texts like Joshua 19:26 and Joshua 21:30.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Joshua 19:26 | Allammelech, Amad, and Mishal. On the west the border touched Carmel and Shihor-libnath, |
| 2 | Joshua 21:30 | From the tribe of Asher they were given Mishal, Abdon, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מָשָׁל, ma.Shalgenerated
The word מָשָׁל (ma.shal) refers to a specific location in the territory of Asher, allocated to the Gershonite Levites. The name is associated with the idea of entreaty or request, indicating a place of significance within the tribe's land.
This noun is used only once in the Hebrew Bible, marking its uniqueness in the context of the cities allotted to the Levites. The precise meaning and significance of Mashal in this context may reflect the cultural and geographical importance of the area.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is presented in the Berean Standard Bible, which includes the city names Mashal and Abdon, along with their associated pasture lands.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main action of the verse is indicated by the phrase 'they were given,' which governs the list of cities that follows. The structure is straightforward, listing the cities allocated to the tribe of Asher, with each city name presented in succession.
The Hebrew word order emphasizes the cities being given to Asher, placing the tribe's name at the forefront to highlight their inheritance.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 6:74 lists the cities given to the tribe of Asher, which include Mashal and Abdon, along with their pasture lands. This allocation is part of the broader context of land distribution among the tribes of Israel.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The tribe of Asher was given the cities of Mashal and Abdon, along with their associated pasture lands.
The allocation of cities reflects the historical context of land distribution among the tribes of Israel, which was significant for their identity and community structure.
Mashal and Abdon were important locations within the territory of Asher, serving as centers for the Levites and contributing to the tribe's heritage.
This verse connects to earlier accounts of land distribution in Joshua, where similar allocations are described for the tribes of Israel.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn about the tribe of Asher from the cities allocated to them?
- How does understanding the allocation of land help us grasp the history of Israel?
- In what ways do the cities of Mashal and Abdon reflect the identity of the tribe of Asher?
- How do the pastoral lands associated with these cities contribute to the livelihood of the tribe?
Commentators on this verse — 2 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 6:74 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(54-81) The Levitical cities, beginning with those of the Aavonites, the principal branch of the Kohathite clan. This list deals with the same topic as Joshua 21:3-40, with which, upon the whole, it is in substantial agreement. 1 Chronicles 6:54-60 are parallel to Joshua 21:10-19.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 6 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges74. Mashal] Mishal, Joshua 21:30 (cp. Joshua 19:26, R.V.).
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 6 →The verse in English, compared — 8 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
From the tribe of Asher they were given Mashal, Abdon,
and out of the tribe of Asher, Mashal with its pasture lands, Abdon with its pasture lands,
Tyndale line
And out of the tribe of Asher; Mashal with her suburbs, and Abdon with her suburbs,
and out of the tribe of Asher, Mashal with its suburbs, and Abdon with its suburbs,
And out of the tribe of Asher, Mashal and her suburbes, and Abdon and her suburbes,
Simplified
And out of the tribe of Asher, Mashal with its outskirts, and Abdon with its outskirts,
from the tribe of Asher: Mashal, Abdon,
Strictly literal
and from the tribe of Asher; Mashal and its suburbs, and Abdon and its suburbs,
T4T (Translation for Translators) is not shown above. It restates the passage rather than the verse, so there is no line of English to set beside the others — which is a fact about that translation, not a fault in it.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is consistent across its witnesses, presenting the same cities and pastoral lands allocated to the tribe of Asher as found in this verse.
וּמִמַּטֵּ֣ה אָשֵׁ֔ר אֶת־ מָשָׁ֖ל וְאֶת־ מִגְרָשֶׁ֑יהָ וְאֶת־ עַבְדּ֖וֹן וְאֶת־ מִגְרָשֶֽׁיהָ׃
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 6:74
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מַטֶּה (mat-teh) refers to a staff, rod, or branch, and can also denote a tribe. It is derived from a root meaning to extend, and its uses include both literal and figurative meanings, such as a support or a means of correction. The lexicons consistently highlight its association with leadership and community.
מַטֶּה 251 n.m.
staff, rod, shaft
branch
tribe
base
H4294 מַטֶּה . staff, rod, shaft
. branch
. tribe
4294 matteh mat-teh'
or (feminine) mattah {mat-taw'}; from 5186; a branch (as
extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for
chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre),
throwing (a lance), or walking (a staff; figuratively, a
support of life, e.g. bread):--rod, staff, tribe.
see HEBREW for 05186
מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: rod.
: rod/staff
1) staff, branch, tribe
1a) staff, rod, shaft
1b) branch (of vine)
1c) tribe
1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)
מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe.
: tribe
1) staff, branch, tribe
1a) staff, rod, shaft
1b) branch (of vine)
1c) tribe
1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)
מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: arrow.
: arrow
1) staff, branch, tribe
1a) staff, rod, shaft
1b) branch (of vine)
1c) tribe
1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)
מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: stick.
: stick
1) staff, branch, tribe
1a) staff, rod, shaft
1b) branch (of vine)
1c) tribe
1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)
מַטֶּה (mat.teh) — tribe: supply.
: supply
1) staff, branch, tribe
1a) staff, rod, shaft
1b) branch (of vine)
1c) tribe
1c1) company led by chief with staff (originally)
HC/R/Ncmsc — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHC/R/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אָשֵׁר (Asher) refers to a son of Jacob and Zilpah, as well as the tribe descended from him. The name means 'happy' and is also associated with a city east of Shechem. The entries note that Asher is linked to the Hebrew root for happiness, but there is a mention of potential translations related to wood in Ezekiel.
אָשֵׁר n.pr.m. Asher (happy one, Felix)
son of Jacob and Zilpah
the tribe
n.pr.loc. city E. of Shechem
base
H836 אָשֵׁר Asher
836 'Asher aw-share'
from 833, happy; Asher, a son of Jacob, and the tribe
descended from him, with its territory; also a place in
Palestine:--Asher
see HEBREW for 0833
אָשֵׁר (a.sher) — Asher.
A man of the tribe of Asher living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.30.13;
son of: Israel (H3478) and Zilpah (H2153);
brother of: Gad (H1410);
half-brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144);
father of: Imnah (H3232), Ishvah (H3438), Ishvi (H3440), Beriah (H1283) and Serah (H8294); also translated "pine" or "cypress wood" at Ezk.27.6(?); Ashurite at 2Sa.2.9(?);
§ Asher = "happy"
1) son of Jacob and Zilpah
2) the tribe descended from Asher
3) a city east of Shechem in Manasseh
HNpm — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Asher
Happy, Jacob’s eigth son; his mother was Zilpah, Leah’s handmaid (Gen. 30:13). Of the tribe founded by him nothing is recorded beyond its holding a place in the list of the tribes (35:26; 46:17; Ex. 1:4, etc.) It increased in numbers twenty-nine percent, during the thirty-eight years’ wanderings. The place of this tribe during the march through the desert was between Dan and Naphtali (Num. 2:27). The boundaries of the inheritance given to it, which contained some of the richest soil in Palestine, and the names of its towns, are recorded in Josh. 19:24-31; Judg. 1:31, 32. Asher and Simeon were the only tribes west of…
a place which formed one boundary of the tribe of Manasseh on the south. (Joshua 17:7) Mr. Porter suggests that Teyasir may be the Asher of Manasseh. Handbook , p.348.
The eighth son of Jacob and second of Zilpah, Ge 30:13 35:26. On entering Canaan his tribe was the fifth in order, numbering fifty-three thousand four hundred. The portion of Asher lay along the seaboard, having Levanon and Zidon on the north, Carmel and the tribe of Issachar on the south, and Zebulun and Naphtali on the east. It was fruitful in grain, wine, oil, and minerals, Ge 49:20 De 33:24,25. How much of the Phoenician coast was included is uncertain, Jos 19:25,28; but the Asherites were unable to expel the Canaanites, and dwelt in part among them, Jud 1:31,32. They are honorably mentioned in the history of…
happiness
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
מִשְׁאָל n.pr.loc. in Asher
base
H4913 מִשְׁאָל
4913 Mashal maw-shawl'
for 4861; Mashal, a place in Palestine:--Mashal.
see HEBREW for 04861
מָשָׁל (ma.shal) — Mashal.
§ Mashal = "entreaty"
a town in the territory of Asher allotted to the Gershonite Levites
Another name of mish.al (מִשְׁאָל "Mishal" H4861)
HNpl — Noun properHNpl
ma'-shal (mashal, 1Ch 6:74).
See MISHAL.
Mashal
Entreaty, a levitical town in the tribe of Asher (1 Chr. 6:74); called Mishal (Josh. 21:30).
(entreaty), the same as Misheal or Mishal. (1 Chronicles 6:74)
a parable; governing
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
מִגְרָשׁ (migrash) refers to common or open land, often associated with areas where flocks are driven for pasture. It can denote a suburb or the space around a building, and is noted in Ezekiel 27:28. The term is derived from a root meaning to drive out.
מִגְרָשׁ n.m. common, common-land, open land
base
H4054 מִגְרָשׁ
4054 migrash mig-rawsh'
also (in plural) feminine (Ezek. 27:28) migrashah
{mig-raw-shaw'}; from 1644; a suburb (i.e. open country
whither flocks are driven from pasture); hence, the area
around a building, or the margin of the sea:--cast out,
suburb.
see HEBREW for 01644
מִגְרָשׁ (mig.rash) — pasture.
common, common land, open land, suburb
HNcmpc/Sp3fs — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3fs
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
עַבְדּוֹן (Abdon) refers to both a personal name and a location. It is derived from the root meaning 'servitude' and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament, including a judge of Israel and various individuals from the tribes of Benjamin and Gibeon. Additionally, it denotes a city in Asher, allocated to the Gershonite Levites, located near modern 'Abdeh.'
עַבְדּוֹן n.pr.
n.pr.m.
a judge
a Benjamite
son of Jehiel a Gibeonite
son of Micah
n.pr.loc. Levitical city in Asher
base
H5658 עַבְדוֹן
5658 `Abdown ab-dohn'
from 5647; servitude; Abdon, the name of a place in Palestine
and of four Israelites:--Abdon. Compare 5683.
see HEBREW for 05647
see HEBREW for 05683
עַבְדּוֹן (av.don) — Abdon.
Abdon = "servile"
a city in Asher allotted to the Gershonite Levites; located 10 miles (16 km) north of Accho; modern 'Abdeh'
Also named: ev.ron (עֶבְרֹן "Ebron" H5683)
עַבְדּוֹן (av.don) — Abdon.
A Judge living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jdg.12.13;
son of: Hillel (H1985)
§ Abdon = "servile"
1) a judge of Israel in the time of the judges; perhaps the same as 'Bedan'
2) a Benjamite, son of Shashak
3) a Gibeonite, son of Jehiel and a grandson of Gideon
4) son of Micah in the time of king Josiah of Judah; also 'Achbor'
5) a city in Asher allotted to the Gershonite Levites; located 10 miles (16 km) north of Accho; modern 'Abdeh'
עַבְדּוֹן (av.don) — Abdon.
A man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.8.23;
son of: Shashak (H8349);
HNpl — Noun properHNpl
Abdon
Servile. (1.) The son of Hillel, a Pirathonite, the tenth judge of Israel (Judg. 12:13-15). He is probably the Bedan of 1 Sam. 12:11.
(2.) The first-born of Gibeon of the tribe of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:30; 9:36).
(3.) The son of Micah, one of those whom Josiah sent to the prophetess Huldah to ascertain from her the meaning of the recently discovered book of the law (2 Chr. 34:20). He is called Achbor in 2 Kings 22:12.
(4.) One of the “sons” of Shashak (1 Chr. 8:23).
(servile). A judge of Israel, (Judges 12:13,15) perhaps the same person as Bedan, in (1 Samuel 12:11) (B.C. 1233-1225). Son of Shashak. (1 Chronicles 8:23) First-born son of Jehiel, son of Gideon. (1 Chronicles 8:30; 9:35,36). Son of Micah, a contemporary of Josiah, (2 Chronicles 34:20) called Achbor in (2 Kings 22:12) (B.C. 628.) A city in the tribe if Asher, given to the Gershonites, (Joshua 21:30; 1 Chronicles 6:74) the modern Abdeh, 10 miles northeast of…
servant; cloud of judgment
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
מִגְרָשׁ (migrash) refers to common or open land, often associated with areas where flocks are driven for pasture. It can denote a suburb or the space around a building, and is noted in Ezekiel 27:28. The term is derived from a root meaning to drive out.
מִגְרָשׁ n.m. common, common-land, open land
base
H4054 מִגְרָשׁ
4054 migrash mig-rawsh'
also (in plural) feminine (Ezek. 27:28) migrashah
{mig-raw-shaw'}; from 1644; a suburb (i.e. open country
whither flocks are driven from pasture); hence, the area
around a building, or the margin of the sea:--cast out,
suburb.
see HEBREW for 01644
מִגְרָשׁ (mig.rash) — pasture.
common, common land, open land, suburb
HNcmpc/Sp3fs — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3fs