1 Chronicles 27:33 — Word Study
WLCוַאֲחִיתֹ֖פֶל יוֹעֵ֣ץ לַמֶּ֑לֶךְ ס וְחוּשַׁ֥י הָאַרְכִּ֖י רֵ֥עַ הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
BSAAhithophelʼĂchîythôphel [the king's chief advisor] was the king’smelek [royal, sovereign] counseloryâʻats [to advise, guide] HushaiChûwshay the ArchiteʼArkîy [from the city of Erek] was the king’smelek [trusted, loyal] friendrêaʻ [neighbor, companion]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַאֲחִיתֹ֖פֶל | and Ahithophel | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| יוֹעֵ֣ץ | [was] a counselor | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular |
| לַמֶּ֑לֶךְ ס | of the king | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| וְחוּשַׁ֥י | and Hushai | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| הָאַרְכִּ֖י | the Arkite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| רֵ֥עַ | [was] [the] friend of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ | the king | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Ahithophel was the king’s counselor. Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend. |
| KJV | And Ahithophel was the king’s counsellor: and Hushai the Archite was the king’s companion: |
| ASV | and Ahithophel was the king’s counsellor: and Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend: |
| YLT | and Ahithophel [is] counsellor to the king; and Hushai the Archite [is] the friend of the king; |
| WEB | Ahithophel was the king’s counselor. Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend. |
| BBE | And Ahithophel was the king's expert in discussion and Hushai the Archite was the king's friend. |
Where they part company is יוֹעֵ֣ץ — see How Translations Differ.
The structure consists of a main clause followed by two noun phrases, clearly delineating the roles of Ahithophel and Hushai.
5 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
subjectאֲחִיתֹפֶל
verbיָעַץ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 27:33
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Officials in King David's Courtgenerated
1 Chronicles 27:33 identifies Ahithophel as the king’s chief advisor and Hushai the Archite as the king’s friend. This verse is part of a broader account detailing the officials who served King David, emphasizing the importance of counsel and friendship in leadership. The mention of these figures sets the stage for understanding the dynamics of David's reign and the challenges he faced, especially during Absalom's rebellion, as seen in 2 Samuel 15:12.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Samuel 15:12 | While Absalom was offering the sacrifices, he sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David’s counselor, to come from his hometown of Giloh. So the conspiracy gained strength, and Absalom’s following kept increasing. |
| 2 | 2 Samuel 16:23 | Now in those days the advice of Ahithophel was like the consultation of the word of God. Such was the regard that both David and Absalom had for Ahithophel’s advice. |
| 3 | 2 Samuel 17:23 | When Ahithophel saw that his advice had not been followed, he saddled his donkey and set out for his house in his hometown. He put his affairs in order and hanged himself. So he died and was buried in his father’s tomb. |
| 4 | 2 Samuel 15:32–37 | When David came to the summit, where he used to worship God, Hushai the Archite was there to meet him with his robe torn and dust on his head. |
| 5 | 2 Samuel 16:16 | And David’s friend Hushai the Archite went to Absalom and said to him, “Long live the king! Long live the king!” |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אֲחִיתֹ֖פֶל, va.'a.chi.To.felgenerated
The name אֲחִיתֹ֫פֶל (Achiythophel) means 'my brother is folly' and refers to a notable figure in the Old Testament. He was a counselor to King David and is known for his betrayal during Absalom's rebellion. His role as an advisor highlights the significance of wise counsel in leadership.
The parsing indicates that this is a proper noun, specifically a masculine singular noun, emphasizing Ahithophel's identity as a key figure in King David's court.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is יוֹעֵ֣ץ, [was] a counselor, governing both Ahithophel and Hushai. The structure presents Ahithophel first, indicating his primary role as the king's advisor, followed by Hushai, emphasizing his supportive role as a friend.
The sentence structure is straightforward, with two noun phrases functioning as subjects, connected by the conjunction וְ, creating a clear connection between the two roles.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אֲחִיתֹ֖פֶל as αξιτοφελ, maintaining the identity of Ahithophel but possibly introducing a slight variation in nuance. This choice reflects a consistent understanding of his role as a counselor.
The term יוֹעֵ֣ץ is rendered as σύμβουλος, which also means counselor, reinforcing the idea of advisory roles within the king's court.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 27:33 tells us that Ahithophel was the king's counselor, meaning he provided advice and guidance to King David. Hushai the Archite was also mentioned as the king's friend, indicating a close and trusted relationship. This verse highlights the importance of both counsel and friendship in leadership.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Ahithophel was a key advisor to King David, known for his wisdom and later for his betrayal during Absalom's rebellion.
Hushai was a close friend of King David and served as an advisor, especially during times of crisis.
The roles of counselor and friend are crucial in a king's court, as they provide both strategic advice and personal support.
This verse sets the stage for understanding the dynamics of King David's reign and the challenges he faced, particularly during Absalom's rebellion.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What qualities do you think are important in a counselor or advisor?
- How can friendship play a role in leadership?
- In what ways can you seek wise counsel in your own life?
- How can you be a supportive friend to someone in a leadership position?
Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 27:33 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Ahithophel was the king's counsellor: and Hushai the Archite was the king's companion: Hushai the Archite was the king's companion , [Septuagint, prootos filos].
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 27 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe king’ s counsellor; the person whose counsel in matters of state the king most prized and followed. The king’ s companion, or his friend, as he is called, ; the person whom he most trusted with all his secrets, and whose conversation was most pleasant and acceptable to him.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 27 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English ReadersIV.—DAVID’S PRIVY COUNCIL 1 Chronicles 27:32-34). (32) Also Jonathan David’s uncle was a counsellor.—A son of David’s brother Shimeah was named Jonathan (1 Chronicles 20:7; 2 Samuel 21:21). Nothing further is known of the present Jonathan than what is here related. A wise man, and a scribe.—Rather, a sage and a scholar was he. The word rendered “scribe” (sτphηr) usually answers to the γραμματὲυς of the New Testament, and so the LXX. gives it here. We may remember that in the rude epochs of society mere writing has been esteemed an art, so that a king of England who could write was dubbed Beauclerc, “fine scholar.” Charles the Great never got so far as signing his own name, though he made…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 27 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges33. Ahithophel] See 2 Samuel 15:31; 2 Samuel 16:20 to 2 Samuel 17:23. Hushai] See 2 Samuel 15:32-37; 2 Samuel 16:16-19; 2 Samuel 17:5-16. Archite] The meaning of this word is unknown; it has no connexion with the “Arkite” of 1 Chronicles 1:15. king’s companion] R.V. king’s friend; cp. 2 Samuel 16:16. Cp. Erman. Ancient Egypt, Eng. Tr. p. 72. “Special titles served to signify the degree of rank the great men held with respect to the king [of Egypt]. In old times the most important were the friend and the well-beloved friend of the king.” The Greek kings of Syria granted similar titles to their chief dependants; cp. 1Ma 2:18 (R.V. with marg.).
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 27 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the BibleDAVID’S , 32-34.“This catalogue of the king’s officials forms a supplement to the catalogues of the public officials given in 1 Chronicles 18:15-17; 2 Samuel 8:15-18; 2 Samuel 20:23-26.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on 1 Chronicles 27 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Ahithophel was the king’s counselor. Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend.
Ahithophel was the king’s counselor. Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend.
Ahithophel was the king’s counselor. Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend.
Ahithophel was the king’s adviser; Hushai the Arkite was the king’s confidant.
Tyndale line
And Ahithophel was the king’s counsellor: and Hushai the Archite was the king’s companion:
and Ahithophel was the king’s counsellor: and Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend:
And Ahithophel was the king’s counsellor: and Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend:
And Ahithophel was the king's counselor: and Hushai the Archite was the king's companion:
And Ahitophel was the Kings counseller, and Hushai the Archite the Kings friend.
Strictly literal
and Ahithophel was the king's counsellor; and Hushai the Archite was the king's friend;
and Ahithophel [is] counsellor to the king; and Hushai the Archite [is] the friend of the king;
and Ahithophel [is] counselor to the king; and Hushai the Archite [is] the friend of the king;
And Achithophel was the king's counsellor; and Chushai the Arkite was the king's friend;
Ahithophel was the king's advisor, and Hushai from the Arkite people was the king's private advisor.
From the Latin
And Achitophel was the king’s counsellor, and Chusai the Arachite, the king’s friend.
Simplified
Ahithophel was the king's counselor and Hushai the Archite was the king's friend.
And Ahithophel was the king's expert in discussion and Hushai the Archite was the king's friend.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in this verse, with five out of seven words matched in the Septuagint. The differences in word order do not affect the overall meaning.
וַאֲחִיתֹ֖פֶל יוֹעֵ֣ץ לַמֶּ֑לֶךְ ס וְחוּשַׁ֥י הָאַרְכִּ֖י רֵ֥עַ הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
5 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 27:33
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֲחִיתֹ֫פֶל (Achiythophel) means 'my brother is folly' and refers to a notable figure in the Old Testament. He was a counselor to King David and later betrayed him by supporting Absalom's rebellion. His story is primarily found in 2 Samuel, where he is described as the father of Eliam and the grandfather of Bathsheba.
אֲחִיתֹ֫פֶל n.pr.m. (my brother is folly ?) David’s trusted & traitorous counsellor
base
H302 אֲחִיתֹ֫פֶל
302 'Achiythophel akh-ee-tho'-fel
from 251 and 8602; brother of folly; Achithophel, an
Israelite:--Ahithophel.
see HEBREW for 0251
see HEBREW for 08602
אֲחִיתֹ֫פֶל (a.chi.to.phel) — Ahithophel.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.15.12;
father of: Eliam (H0463H)
§ Ahithophel = "my brother is foolish (folly)"
a counsellor of David, grandfather of Bathsheba (cf 2Sa 11:3, 23:34), who joined Absalom in revolt against David, and committed suicide when Absalom did not heed his counsel
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
a-hith'-o-fel ('achithophel, "brother of foolishness," perhaps): The real leader of the Absalom rebellion against David. He is described as "the king's counselor," in a context connected with events some of which are dated in the fortieth year of David (1Ch 27:33,34; compare 1Ch 26:31). Concerning him and his part in the rebellion we have rather full information (2Sa 15:12 ff).
Some hold that he was the grandfather of Bathsheba, and make much of this in forming their estimates of him. Does the evidence sustain this view? In the latter half of the list of David's mighty men, not among the older veterans with whom the list begins, appears "Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite" (
Ahithophel
Brother of insipidity or impiety, a man greatly renowned for his sagacity among the Jews. At the time of Absalom’s revolt he deserted David (Ps. 41:9; 55:12-14) and espoused the cause of Absalom (2 Sam. 15:12). David sent his old friend Hushai back to Absalom, in order that he might counteract the counsel of Ahithophel (2 Sam. 15:31-37). This end was so far gained that Ahithophel saw he had no longer any influence, and accordingly he at once left the camp of Absalom and returned to Giloh, his native place, where, after arranging his wordly affairs, he hanged himself, and was buried in the sepulchre of his fathers (2 Sam. 17:1-23). He was the type of Judas (
(brother of foolishness), a native of Giloh, was a privy councillor of David, whose wisdom was highly esteemed, though his name had an exactly opposite signification. (2 Samuel 16:23) (B.C. 1055-1023.) He was the grandfather of Bathsheba. Comp. (2 Samuel 11:3) with 2Sam 23:34 Ahithophel joined the conspiracy of Absalom against David, and persuaded him to take possession of the royal harem, (2 Samuel 16:21) and recommended an immediate pursuit of David. His advice was wise; but Hushai advised otherwise. When Ahithophel saw that Hushai’s advice prevailed, he despaired of success, and returning to his own home "put his household in order and hanged himself." (
A native of Giloh, originally one of David’s most intimate and valued friends; but upon the defection and rebellion of Absalom, he espoused the cause of that prince, and became one of David’s bitterest enemies. Being disappointed that Absalom did not follow his sagacious advice, and foreseeing the issue of the rebellion, he hanged himself, 2Sa 15:12 17:1-29 Ps 55:12-14. Ahithophel seems to have been the grandfather of Bathsheba. 2Sa 23:34, compared with 2Sa 11:3.
יָעַץ (ya`ats) is a Hebrew verb meaning to advise or counsel. It encompasses various forms, including advising, consulting, and deliberating, with nuances in different stems such as Qal, Niphal, and Hithpael. The word can also imply conspiracy in certain contexts. The entries suggest a focus on guidance and decision-making.
יָעַץ vb. advise, counsel
Qal advise, counsel
Niph. consult together, exchange counsel
Hithp. conspire against
base
H3289 יָעַץ advise, counsel
3289 ya`ats yaw-ats'
a primitive root; to advise; reflexively, to deliberate or
resolve:--advertise, take advise, advise (well), consult,
(give, take) counsel(-lor), determine, devise, guide, purpose.
יָעַץ (ya.ats) — to advise.
1) to advise, consult, give counsel, counsel, purpose, devise, plan
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to advise, counsel, give counsel, consult
1a2) counsellor (participle)
1b) (Niphal) to consult together, exchange counsel, deliberate, counsel together
1c) (Hithpael) to conspire
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singularHVqrmsa
The Hebrew word מֶ֫לֶךְ (*melek*) means 'king.' It is derived from a root that suggests royalty. The term appears in various contexts, including references to specific kings and locations, such as the 'King's Highway' in Numbers 20:17 and the 'King's Valley' in Genesis 14:17. The lexicons note its Aramaic equivalent and mention its use in the context of individuals like Hammelech in Jeremiah.
מֶ֫לֶךְ 2513 n.m. king
base
H4428 מֶ֫לֶךְ king
4428 melek meh'-lek
from 4427; a king:--king, royal.
see HEBREW for 04427
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — king.
1) king
Aramaic equivalent: me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4430)
הַמֶּלֶךְ (me.lekh) — `the king`.
'the king' or a name, Hammelech in KJV of Jer.36.26; 38.6- a man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;
father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";
§ A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;
father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
King's (Highway) (Num.20.17)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
Another name of she.lach (שֶׁ֫לַח "Shelah" H7975A)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — Milcom.
Another name of mo.lekh (מֹ֫לֶךְ "Molech" H4432)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHRd/Ncmsa
King
Is in Scripture very generally used to denote one invested with authority, whether extensive or limited. There were thirty-one kings in Canaan (Josh. 12:9, 24), whom Joshua subdued. Adonibezek subdued seventy kings (Judg. 1:7). In the New Testament the Roman emperor is spoken of as a king (1 Pet. 2:13, 17); and Herod Antipas, who was only a tetrarch, is also called a king (Matt. 14:9; Mark 6:22).
This title is applied to God (1 Tim. 1:17), and to Christ, the Son of God (1 Tim. 6:15, 16;
"a chief ruler, one invested with supreme authority over a nation, tribe or country." --Webster. In the Bible the word does not necessarily imply great power or great extent of country. Many persons are called kings whom we should rather call chiefs or leaders. The word is applied in the Bible to God as the sovereign and ruler of the universe, and to Christ the Son of God as the head and governor of the Church. The Hebrews were ruled by a king during a period of about 500 years previous to the destruction of Jerusalem, B.C. 586. The immediate occasion of the substitution of a regal form of government for that of judges seems to have been the siege of Jabesh-gilead by Nahash king of the Ammonites. (1 Samuel 11:1; 12:12) The conviction seems to have forced itself on the Israelites that they could not resist their formidable neighbor…
חוּשַׁי (Chuwshay) refers to Hushai, an Israelite known as a friend of David and the father of Baana, an officer under Solomon. The name is derived from a root meaning 'hasty.' Hushai is first mentioned in 2 Samuel 15:32.
חוּשַׁי n.pr.m.
called friend of David
father of one of Solomon’s officers.
base
H2365 חוּשַׁי
2365 Chuwshay khoo-shah'-ee
from 2363; hasty; Chushai, an Israelite:--Hushai.
see HEBREW for 02363
חוּשַׁי (chu.shay) — Hushai.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.15.32;
father of: Baana (H1195H)
§ Hushai = "hasting"
1) an Archite, a friend of David
2) the father of Baana, an officer of Solomon; probably the same as 1
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
hut'-shi, hus'-sha-i (chushay, Chousei; Josephus, Chousi): An Archite, native of Archi or Erech(?), West of Bethel on the northern border of Benjamin and southern border of Joseph (Jos 16:2). Hushai was one of David's most faithful and wise counselors. When David was fleeing from Jerusalem and Absalom, Hushai met him, having his coat rent and earth on his head. The king persuaded him to return to Jerusalem, feign submission to Absalom, and try to defeat the counsel of Ahithophel (2Sa 15:32 f). Whatever Absalom decided on, Hushai was to send word to David through two young men, sons of the priests Zadok and Abiathar (2Sa 15:34-36). Hushai obeyed, and succeeded in persuading Absalom to adopt his counsel rather than that of…
Hushai
Quick, “the Archite,” “the king’s friend” (1 Chr. 27:33). When David fled from Jerusalem, on account of the rebellion of Absalom, and had reached the summit of Olivet, he there met Hushai, whom he sent back to Jerusalem for the purpose of counteracting the influence of Ahithophel, who had joined the ranks of Absalom (2 Sam. 15:32, 37; 16:16-18). It was by his advice that Absalom refrained from immediately pursuing after David. By this delay the cause of Absalom was ruined, for it gave David time to muster his forces.
The Archite, David’s friend. Being informed of Absalom’s rebellion and that David was obliged to fly from Jerusalem, he met him on an eminence without the city, with his clothes rent and his head covered with earth. David suggested that if he went with him he would be a burden to him; but that he might do him important service if he should remain in Absalom’s suite as an adviser. Hushai therefore returned to Jerusalem, and by defeating the counsel of Ahithophel. And gaining time for David, to whom he sent advices, was the cause of Ahithophel’s suicide and of Absalom’s miscarriage, 2Sa 15:32-37; 16:16-19; 17:1-29.
their haste; their sensuality; their silence
אַרְכִּי (Arkiy) refers to someone from Arach, possibly linked to the term 'lengthy.' It is used as an adjective to denote a native of Erek, with references to an Archite in the context of the Old Testament, specifically mentioned in Joshua 16:2. The lexicons do not provide significant disagreement on its meaning.
אַרְכִּי adj.gent. (deriv. unknown)
base
H757 אַרְכִּי
757 'Arkiy ar-kee'
patrial from another place (in Palestine) of similar name
with 751; an Arkite or native of Erek:--Archi, Archite.
see HEBREW for 0751
אַרְכִּי (ar.ki) — Archite.
Someone from Arach(?), first mentioned at Jos.16.2
§ Archite or Archi = "lengthy"
referring to the home city of Hushai
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
ark'-it (`arqi): An inhabitant of the town of Arka, situated some ten or twelve miles Northeast of Tripoils, Syria, and about four miles from the shore of the sea. The Arkites are mentioned in Ge 10:17 and 1Ch 1:15 as being the descendants of Canaan, and they were undoubtedly of Phoenician stock. The place was not of much importance, but it is mentioned in the Assyrian inscriptions, under the name Irkatah and taken by Tiglathpileser III in 738 BC. Not being on the sea its trade was small and it probably belonged to Tripoli or Botrys originally. It was the birthplace of Alexander Severus, hence its Roman name, Caesarea Libani. Its site is marked by a high mound near the foothills of Lebanon.
H. Porter
Arkite
(Gen. 10:17; 1 Chr. 1:15), a designation of certain descendants from the Phoenicians or Sidonians, the inhabitants of Arka, 12 miles north of Tripoli, opposite the northern extremity of Lebanon.
רֵעַ (rea`) refers to a friend, companion, or fellow, emphasizing close associations such as brotherhood or intimacy. It can also denote a neighbor or another person in a broader sense. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to associate.'
רֵעַ 187 n.m. friend, companion, fellow
base
H7453 רֵעַ friend, companion, fellow
7453 rea` ray'-ah
or reya2 {ray'-ah}; from 7462; an associate (more or less
close):--brother, companion, fellow, friend, husband, lover,
neighbour, X (an-)other.
see HEBREW for 0reya2
see HEBREW for 07462
רֵעַ (re.a) — neighbor.
1) friend, companion, fellow, another person
1a) friend, intimate
1b) fellow, fellow-citizen, another person (weaker sense)
1c) other, another (reciprocal phrase)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word מֶ֫לֶךְ (*melek*) means 'king.' It is derived from a root that suggests royalty. The term appears in various contexts, including references to specific kings and locations, such as the 'King's Highway' in Numbers 20:17 and the 'King's Valley' in Genesis 14:17. The lexicons note its Aramaic equivalent and mention its use in the context of individuals like Hammelech in Jeremiah.
מֶ֫לֶךְ 2513 n.m. king
base
H4428 מֶ֫לֶךְ king
4428 melek meh'-lek
from 4427; a king:--king, royal.
see HEBREW for 04427
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — king.
1) king
Aramaic equivalent: me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "king" H4430)
הַמֶּלֶךְ (me.lekh) — `the king`.
'the king' or a name, Hammelech in KJV of Jer.36.26; 38.6- a man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;
father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";
§ A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.36.26;
father of: Jerahmeel (H3396I) and Malchijah (H4441H); also translated "the king";
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
King's (Highway) (Num.20.17)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
Another name of she.lach (שֶׁ֫לַח "Shelah" H7975A)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — Milcom.
Another name of mo.lekh (מֹ֫לֶךְ "Molech" H4432)
מֶ֫לֶךְ (me.lekh) — King's.
King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
King
Is in Scripture very generally used to denote one invested with authority, whether extensive or limited. There were thirty-one kings in Canaan (Josh. 12:9, 24), whom Joshua subdued. Adonibezek subdued seventy kings (Judg. 1:7). In the New Testament the Roman emperor is spoken of as a king (1 Pet. 2:13, 17); and Herod Antipas, who was only a tetrarch, is also called a king (Matt. 14:9; Mark 6:22).
This title is applied to God (1 Tim. 1:17), and to Christ, the Son of God (1 Tim. 6:15, 16;
"a chief ruler, one invested with supreme authority over a nation, tribe or country." --Webster. In the Bible the word does not necessarily imply great power or great extent of country. Many persons are called kings whom we should rather call chiefs or leaders. The word is applied in the Bible to God as the sovereign and ruler of the universe, and to Christ the Son of God as the head and governor of the Church. The Hebrews were ruled by a king during a period of about 500 years previous to the destruction of Jerusalem, B.C. 586. The immediate occasion of the substitution of a regal form of government for that of judges seems to have been the siege of Jabesh-gilead by Nahash king of the Ammonites. (1 Samuel 11:1; 12:12) The conviction seems to have forced itself on the Israelites that they could not resist their formidable neighbor…