1 Chronicles 11:30 — Word Study
WLCמַהְרַי֙ הַנְּטֹ֣פָתִ֔י חֵ֥לֶד בֶּֽן־ בַּֽעֲנָ֖ה הַנְּטוֹפָתִֽי׃ ס
BSAMaharaiMahăray [the warrior, from Netophah town] the NetophathiteNᵉṭôphâthîy [inhabitant of Netophah, near a spring] Heledchêled△ [meaning transient] sonbên [a descendant, or grandson] of BaanahBaʻănâh [in affliction, a Benjamite] the NetophathiteNᵉṭôphâthîy [of Netophah, near a spring]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| מַהְרַי֙ | Maharai | Noun proper masculine |
| הַנְּטֹ֣פָתִ֔י | the Netophathite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| חֵ֥לֶד | Heled | Noun proper masculine |
| בֶּֽן־ | [the] son of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| בַּֽעֲנָ֖ה | Baanah | Noun proper masculine |
| הַנְּטוֹפָתִֽי׃ ס | the Netophathite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite, |
| KJV | Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite, |
| ASV | Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite, |
| YLT | Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite, |
| WEB | Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite, |
| BBE | Maharai the Netophathite, Heled, the son of Baanah the Netophathite, |
Where they part company is in the details of the names and their descriptions — see How Translations Differ.
The verse consists of two main clauses, presenting the names of the warriors in a straightforward list format.
3 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Ellicott, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 6 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 11:30
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Mighty Men of Davidgenerated
1 Chronicles 11:30 is part of a list detailing the names of David's mighty warriors, emphasizing their bravery and significance in his reign. This passage showcases the importance of these men in the context of Israel's military history and King David's leadership, paralleling other lists of warriors found in 2 Samuel 23:29 and 1 Chronicles 27:13.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 27:13 | The tenth, for the tenth month, was Maharai the Netophathite, a Zerahite. There were 24,000 men in his division. |
| 2 | 1 Chronicles 27:15 | The twelfth, for the twelfth month, was Heldai the Netophathite, from the family of Othniel. There were 24,000 men in his division. |
| 3 | 2 Samuel 23:29 | Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ittai son of Ribai from Gibeah of the Benjamites, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 3 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מַהְרַי, mah.Raigenerated
The name מַהְרַי (Maharai) is a proper masculine noun referring to a warrior from the tribe of Judah. The root suggests a meaning related to being 'hasty' or 'impetuous', which may reflect his character as a warrior.
Maharai is noted for his role among David's mighty men, indicating his significance in the military context of the time. His mention alongside other warriors highlights the camaraderie and valor of those who served under King David.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of the verse features a series of noun phrases, with the main subject being Maharai followed by his description. The finite verb is implicit as the sentence lists the names without a linking verb, typical in Hebrew prose for such lists.
Each name is presented in a straightforward manner, emphasizing their roles and lineage, creating a rhythmic flow that reflects the importance of each individual in the context of David's military.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מַהְרַי as μοοραι, maintaining the identification of Maharai as a warrior. This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew, indicating consistency in recognizing his role.
The Greek rendering does not introduce new interpretations but aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning, preserving the context of the warrior's identity.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 11:30 lists Maharai and Heled, both warriors from Netophah. Maharai is noted for his bravery, and Heled is identified as the son of Baanah. This verse highlights their roles as part of King David's mighty men.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Maharai and Heled were warriors who served under King David, known for their bravery and loyalty.
A Netophathite refers to an inhabitant of Netophah, a location likely known for its proximity to a spring.
Naming these warriors emphasizes their importance in David's military and the legacy of his reign.
This verse connects to other lists of David's warriors found in 2 Samuel 23:29 and 1 Chronicles 27:13, showcasing the continuity of David's military leadership.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What qualities do you think made Maharai and Heled effective warriors?
- How can understanding the lineage of these warriors enhance our view of their contributions?
- In what ways can we honor the legacy of those who serve in leadership roles today?
- How does the context of King David's reign influence our understanding of these figures?
Commentators on this verse — 3 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 11:30 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryMaharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite, Maharai - chief of the detachment of the guards who attended on the king in the tenth mouth, January (1 Chronicles 27:13; 2 Samuel 23:28).
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 11 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(30) Maharai the Netophathite, of Netophah, a Levitical canton (1 Chronicles 9:16). By family Maharai was a Zarhite (1 Chronicles 27:13). Heled.—More correct than (Heleb) Samuel. Called Heldai (1 Chronicles 27:15). He was of the clan Othniel.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 11 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges30. Maharai the Netophathite] So in 1 Chronicles 27:13, with “of the Zerahites” (R.V.) added. A Netophathite might come either from Netophah (a village in Judah not far from Beth-lehem), or from the “villages of the Netophathites” (1 Chronicles 9:16, note). Heled] In 1 Chronicles 27:15 “Heldai,” a name found in Zechariah 6:10. “Heleb” in 2 Samuel 23:29 is probably a wrong reading.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 11 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Tyndale line
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite;
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled ye sonne of Baanah the Netophathite,
Strictly literal
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Cheled the son of Ba'anah the Netophathite,
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite,
From the Latin
Maharai a Netophathite, Heled the son of Baana a Netophathite,
Simplified
Maharai of Netophah; Heled, son of Baanah of Netophah;
Maharai the Netophathite, Heled, the son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with all six words matched in the Septuagint's translation. This alignment suggests a consistent tradition regarding the names and their significance.
מַהְרַי֙ הַנְּטֹ֣פָתִ֔י חֵ֥לֶד בֶּֽן־ בַּֽעֲנָ֖ה הַנְּטוֹפָתִֽי׃ ס
6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 11:30
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מַהֲרַי (Maharay) refers to a man from the tribe of Judah, known as one of David's mighty warriors. The name is derived from a root meaning 'hasty' or 'impetuous.' Maharai is first mentioned in 2 Samuel 23:28, indicating his significance during the time of the United Monarchy.
מַהֲרַי n.pr.m. one of David’s heroes
base
H4121 מַהֲרַי
4121 Maharay mah-har-ah'-ee
from 4116; hasty; Maharai, an Israelite:--Maharai.
see HEBREW for 04116
מַהֲרַי (ma.ha.ray) — Maharai.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.28
§ Maharai = "impetuous"
an inhabitant of Netophah in the tribe of Judah and one of David's mighty warriors
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
(impetuous), (2 Samuel 23:28; 1 Chronicles 11:30; 27:13) an inhabitant of Netophah in the tribe of Judah, and one of David’s captains.
hasting; a hill; from a hill
נְטֹפָתִי (Ntophathiy) refers to a Netophathite, an inhabitant of Netophah, a place whose name suggests 'dropping.' The word is derived from נְטֹפָה (Netophah, H5199). The entries consistently identify it as a patronymic term without significant disagreement.
נְטֹפָתִי, נְטוֹפָתִי adj.gent. the Neṭophathite; Neṭophathites
base
H5200 נְטֹפָתִי
5200 Ntophathiy net-o-faw-thee'
patronymic from 5199; a Netophathite, or inhabitant of
Netophah:--Netophathite.
see HEBREW for 05199
נְטֹפָתִי (ne.to.pha.ti) — Netophathite.
Group of ne.to.phah (נְטֹפָה "Netophah" H5199)
§ Netophathite, of Netophath "dropping"
an inhabitant of Netophah
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
an inhabitant of Neophah.
חֵ֫לֶד (cheled) refers to Heled, an Israelite and one of David's mighty warriors, mentioned in 2 Samuel 23:29 and 1 Chronicles 11:30. The name is associated with the meaning 'transient' and is sometimes spelled as Heleb. It is derived from a similar word, חֵ֫לֶב (chelev), which has its own distinct meaning.
חֵ֫לֶד n.pr.m. one of David’s heroes 1 Ch 11:30
ref
H2466 חֵ֫לֶד
2466 cheled khay'-led
the same as 2465; Cheled, an Israelite:--Heled.
see HEBREW for 02465
חֵ֫לֶד (che.led) — Heled.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.29;
son of: Baanah (H1196H); also called Heldai at 1Ch.27.15; Heled at 1Ch.11.30;
Another name of che.lev (חֵ֫לֶב "Heleb" H2460)
§ Heled = "transient"
son of Baanah, the Netophathite, and one of David's mighty warriors; also spelled 'Heleb' ( che.lev (חֵ֫לֶב "Heleb" H2460))
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
he'-led (cheledh, 1Ch 11:30).
See HELDAI.
Heled
This world, (1 Chr. 11:30); called Heleb (2 Sam. 23:29).
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
בַּעֲנָה (Ba`anah) refers to a name associated with several individuals in the Old Testament, primarily a Benjamite involved in the murder of Ish-bosheth, as well as a Netophathite and a leader among returning exiles. The name is derived from a root meaning 'in affliction.' The entries consistently highlight his connections to significant events during the United Monarchy and the return from exile.
בַּעֲנָה n.pr.m. (?id. [b.ci.az])
a Benjamite, one of the murderers of Ishbosheth
father of one of David’s heroes
head of family of returning exiles
a chief of the people
base
H1196 בַּעֲנָה
1196 Ba`anah bah-an-aw'
from a derivative of 6031 with prepositional prefix; in
affliction:--Baanah, the name of four Israelites:--Baanah.
see HEBREW for 06031
בַּעֲנָה (ba.a.nah) — Baanah.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.4.2;
son of: Rimmon (H7417B);
brother of: Rechab (H7394)
§ Baana or Baanah = "in affliction"
1) a Benjamite, son Rimmon, who with his brother Rechab murdered Ish-bosheth. For this, killed by David, mutilated bodies hung up over the pool at Hebron
2) a Netophathite, father of Heleb or Heled, one of David's mighty warriors
3) the head of a family of exiles returning with Zerubbabel
4) a chief of the people
בַּעֲנָה (ba.a.nah) — Baanah.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.23.29;
father of: Heleb (H2460)
§ Baana or Baanah = "in affliction"
1) a Benjamite, son Rimmon, who with his brother Rechab murdered Ish-bosheth. For this, killed by David, mutilated bodies hung up over the pool at Hebron
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Baanah
Son of affliction. (1.) One of the two sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, a captain in Saul’s army. He and his brother Rechab assassinated Ishbosheth (2 Sam. 4:2), and were on this account slain by David, and their mutilated bodies suspended over the pool at Hebron (5, 6, 12).
(2.) The father of Heled, who was one of David’s thirty heroes (2 Sam. 23:29; 1 Chr. 11:30).
Son of Rimmon, a Benjamite, who with his brother Rechab murdered Ishbosheth For this they were killed by David; and their mutilated bodies hung up over the pool at Hebron. (2 Samuel 4:2,5,6,9) (B.C. 1046.) A Netophathite, father of Heleb or Heled, one of David’s mighty men. (2 Samuel 23:29; 1 Chronicles 11:30) (B.C. before 1066.) Accurately Baana, son of Hushai, Solomon’s commissariat officer in Asher. (1 Kings 4:16) (B.C. 1012.) Aman who accompanied Zerubbabel on his return from the captivity. (Ezra 2:2; Nehemiah 7:7) Possibly the same person is intended in (
in the answer; in affliction
נְטֹפָתִי (Ntophathiy) refers to a Netophathite, an inhabitant of Netophah, a place whose name suggests 'dropping.' The word is derived from נְטֹפָה (Netophah, H5199). The entries consistently identify it as a patronymic term without significant disagreement.
נְטֹפָתִי, נְטוֹפָתִי adj.gent. the Neṭophathite; Neṭophathites
base
H5200 נְטֹפָתִי
5200 Ntophathiy net-o-faw-thee'
patronymic from 5199; a Netophathite, or inhabitant of
Netophah:--Netophathite.
see HEBREW for 05199
נְטֹפָתִי (ne.to.pha.ti) — Netophathite.
Group of ne.to.phah (נְטֹפָה "Netophah" H5199)
§ Netophathite, of Netophath "dropping"
an inhabitant of Netophah
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
an inhabitant of Neophah.