J.H. Newman discusses the dangers inherent in every system of theology, including the tendency towards evil that arises from human corruption and external influences. He highlights how Protestantism, while discarding the authority of the Church for Scripture, has led to a cautious and discriminative turn of thought, rejecting subtle truths and indications of God's will. Newman warns against the spirit of ultra-Protestantism, which demands certainty and proof over faith and obedience, ultimately stifling genuine belief. He emphasizes the importance of maintaining doctrines like Episcopacy based on historical Christian practices, even when the direct scriptural evidence may not be explicit, drawing parallels to other essential beliefs like the doctrine of the Trinity.

J.H. Newman preaches about the importance of adhering to the Standing Ordinances of Religion, emphasizing the perpetuation of doctrines through ordinances, the embodiment of unseen realities, the testimony against sin, and the influence of old institutions on affections. He urges believers to consider the value of ordinances in arresting attention, calling sinners to repentance, and defending against error. Newman highlights the significance of positive ordinances as channels of divine grace, the divine injunction to observe them, the consequences of neglecting them, and the sacramental character that witnesses for the truth. He challenges the notion of spiritual independence from external helps, pointing to the spiritual-mindedness of biblical figures and the unity and communion fostered by the ordinances appointed by Christ and His Apostles.