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Jonah 1:13

Jonah 1:13 in Multiple Translations

Nevertheless, the men rowed hard to get back to dry land, but they could not, for the sea was raging against them more and more.

Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring it to the land; but they could not: for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them.

Nevertheless the men rowed hard to get them back to the land; but they could not: for the sea grew more and more tempestuous against them.

And the men were working hard to get back to the land, but they were not able to do so: for the sea got rougher and rougher against them.

Instead the sailors tried to row to get back to the shore, but they couldn't because the sea had become so wild from the worsening storm.

Neuerthelesse, the men rowed to bring it to the lande, but they coulde not: for the sea wrought, and was troublous against them.

And the men row to turn back unto the dry land, and are not able, for the sea is more and more tempestuous against them.

Nevertheless the men rowed hard to get them back to the land; but they could not, for the sea grew more and more stormy against them.

Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring it to the land; but they could not: for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them.

And the men rowed hard to return to land, but they were not able: because the sea tossed and swelled upon them.

But the sailors did not want to do that. Instead, they tried hard to row the ship back to the land. But they could not do that, because the storm continued to get worse.

But the ship-men didn’t want to throw Jonah into the sea, so they tried hard to row back to the land. But the sea was getting more and more rough, so they couldn’t do it.

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Berean Amplified Bible — Jonah 1:13

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Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

Jonah 1:13 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
HEB וַ/יַּחְתְּר֣וּ הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֗ים לְ/הָשִׁ֛יב אֶל הַ/יַּבָּשָׁ֖ה וְ/לֹ֣א יָכֹ֑לוּ כִּ֣י הַ/יָּ֔ם הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וְ/סֹעֵ֖ר עֲלֵי/הֶֽם
וַ/יַּחְתְּר֣וּ châthar H2864 to dig Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֗ים ʼîysh H376 man Art | N-mp
לְ/הָשִׁ֛יב shûwb H7725 to return Prep | V-Hiphil-Inf-a
אֶל ʼêl H413 to(wards) Prep
הַ/יַּבָּשָׁ֖ה yabbâshâh H3004 dry land Art | N-fs
וְ/לֹ֣א lôʼ H3808 not Conj | Part
יָכֹ֑לוּ yâkôl H3201 be able V-Qal-Perf-3cp
כִּ֣י kîy H3588 for Conj
הַ/יָּ֔ם yâm H3220 West Art | N-ms
הוֹלֵ֥ךְ hâlak H1980 to go V-Qal
וְ/סֹעֵ֖ר çâʻar H5590 to rage Conj | V-Qal
עֲלֵי/הֶֽם ʻal H5921 upon Prep | Suff
Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — Jonah 1:13

וַ/יַּחְתְּר֣וּ châthar H2864 "to dig" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
To dig or force a passage, like a burglar breaking in, or to row a boat with oars, as seen in the KJV translation of Exodus.
Definition: 1) to dig, row 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to dig (into houses-of burglary) 1a2) to row (in water)
Usage: Occurs in 7 OT verses. KJV: dig (through), row. See also: Job 24:16; Ezekiel 12:7; Jonah 1:13.
הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֗ים ʼîysh H376 "man" Art | N-mp
The Hebrew word for man, referring to a male person or individual, is used in the Bible to describe humans in contrast to God or animals, as seen in Genesis and Psalms. It can also mean husband or servant. In the KJV, it is translated as man or male.
Definition: : man 1) man 1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female) 1b) husband 1c) human being, person (in contrast to God) 1d) servant 1e) mankind 1f) champion 1g) great man 2) whosoever 3) each (adjective)
Usage: Occurs in 1851 OT verses. KJV: also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phrase] steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare H802 (אִשָּׁה). See also: Genesis 2:23; Genesis 42:25; Exodus 32:23.
לְ/הָשִׁ֛יב shûwb H7725 "to return" Prep | V-Hiphil-Inf-a
This Hebrew word means to return or turn back, and can be used literally or figuratively. It is often used to describe someone returning to God or repenting from sin, as seen in the book of Psalms and the prophets.
Definition: : return 1) to return, turn back 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to turn back, return 1a1a) to turn back 1a1b) to return, come or go back 1a1c) to return unto, go back, come back 1a1d) of dying 1a1e) of human relations (fig) 1a1f) of spiritual relations (fig) 1a1f1) to turn back (from God), apostatise 1a1f2) to turn away (of God) 1a1f3) to turn back (to God), repent 1a1f4) turn back (from evil) 1a1g) of inanimate things 1a1h) in repetition 1b) (Polel) 1b1) to bring back 1b2) to restore, refresh, repair (fig) 1b3) to lead away (enticingly) 1b4) to show turning, apostatise 1c) (Pual) restored (participle) 1d) (Hiphil) to cause to return, bring back 1d1) to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment 1d2) to bring back, refresh, restore 1d3) to bring back, report to, answer 1d4) to bring back, make requital, pay (as recompense) 1d5) to turn back or backward, repel, defeat, repulse, hinder, reject, refuse 1d6) to turn away (face), turn toward 1d7) to turn against 1d8) to bring back to mind 1d9) to show a turning away 1d10) to reverse, revoke 1e) (Hophal) to be returned, be restored, be brought back 1f) (Pulal) brought back
Usage: Occurs in 953 OT verses. KJV: ((break, build, circumcise, dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge, make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) [idiom] again, (cause to) answer ([phrase] again), [idiom] in any case (wise), [idiom] at all, averse, bring (again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back), cease, [idiom] certainly, come again (back), [idiom] consider, [phrase] continually, convert, deliver (again), [phrase] deny, draw back, fetch home again, [idiom] fro, get (oneself) (back) again, [idiom] give (again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see) more, [idiom] needs, be past, [idiom] pay, pervert, pull in again, put (again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh, relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve, (cause to, make to) return, reverse, reward, [phrase] say nay, send back, set again, slide back, still, [idiom] surely, take back (off), (cause to, make to) turn (again, self again, away, back, back again, backward, from, off), withdraw. See also: Genesis 3:19; Numbers 8:25; Judges 8:13.
אֶל ʼêl H413 "to(wards)" Prep
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Definition: 1) to, toward, unto (of motion) 2) into (limit is actually entered) 2a) in among 3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion) 4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character) 5) in addition to, to 6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of 7) according to (rule or standard) 8) at, by, against (of one's presence) 9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)
Usage: Occurs in 4205 OT verses. KJV: about, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in). See also: Genesis 1:9; Genesis 21:14; Genesis 31:13.
הַ/יַּבָּשָׁ֖ה yabbâshâh H3004 "dry land" Art | N-fs
Describes dry land or ground, often contrasting it with water or wet conditions. This word is used in stories like the parting of the Red Sea in Exodus 14. It emphasizes the solidity of the ground.
Definition: dry land, dry ground
Usage: Occurs in 14 OT verses. KJV: dry (ground, land). See also: Genesis 1:9; Joshua 4:22; Psalms 66:6.
וְ/לֹ֣א lôʼ H3808 "not" Conj | Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
יָכֹ֑לוּ yâkôl H3201 "be able" V-Qal-Perf-3cp
This Hebrew word means to be able or have power, used in various contexts, such as overcoming or enduring, and is translated as 'be able' or 'have power' in the KJV.
Definition: 1) to prevail, overcome, endure, have power, be able 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to be able, be able to gain or accomplish, be able to endure, be able to reach 1a2) to prevail, prevail over or against, overcome, be victor 1a3) to have ability, have strength Aramaic equivalent: ye.khel (יְכִל "be able" H3202)
Usage: Occurs in 182 OT verses. KJV: be able, any at all (ways), attain, can (away with, (-not)), could, endure, might, overcome, have power, prevail, still, suffer. See also: Genesis 13:6; 1 Kings 14:4; Psalms 13:5.
כִּ֣י kîy H3588 "for" Conj
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Definition: 1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since 1a) that 1a1) yea, indeed 1b) when (of time) 1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force) 1c) because, since (causal connection) 1d) but (after negative) 1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if 1f) but rather, but 1g) except that 1h) only, nevertheless 1i) surely 1j) that is 1k) but if 1l) for though 1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
Usage: Occurs in 3910 OT verses. KJV: and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet. See also: Genesis 1:4; Genesis 26:16; Genesis 42:15.
הַ/יָּ֔ם yâm H3220 "West" Art | N-ms
Refers to a large body of water like the Mediterranean Sea or a sea in general, sometimes specifically the west or seaward direction.
Definition: This name means sea, seaward, westward Another name of eph.ron (עֶפְרוֹן "(Mount )Ephron" H6085H)
Usage: Occurs in 339 OT verses. KJV: sea ([idiom] -faring man, (-shore)), south, west (-ern, side, -ward). See also: Genesis 1:10; Joshua 17:10; Psalms 8:9.
הוֹלֵ֥ךְ hâlak H1980 "to go" V-Qal
Means to walk or go, used in many different contexts in the Bible. It can describe physical movement, but also spiritual or emotional journeys. Appears in various forms, such as 'to go' or 'to walk'.
Definition: : walk/move 1) to go, walk, come 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away 1a2) to die, live, manner of life (fig.) 1b) (Piel) 1b1) to walk 1b2) to walk (fig.) 1c) (Hithpael) 1c1) to traverse 1c2) to walk about 1d) (Niphal) to lead, bring, lead away, carry, cause to walk
Usage: Occurs in 473 OT verses. KJV: (all) along, apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be conversant, depart, [phrase] be eased, enter, exercise (self), [phrase] follow, forth, forward, get, go (about, abroad, along, away, forward, on, out, up and down), [phrase] greater, grow, be wont to haunt, lead, march, [idiom] more and more, move (self), needs, on, pass (away), be at the point, quite, run (along), [phrase] send, speedily, spread, still, surely, [phrase] tale-bearer, [phrase] travel(-ler), walk (abroad, on, to and fro, up and down, to places), wander, wax, (way-) faring man, [idiom] be weak, whirl. See also: Genesis 2:14; Judges 4:9; 1 Kings 13:12.
וְ/סֹעֵ֖ר çâʻar H5590 "to rage" Conj | V-Qal
This word means to rage or storm, like a strong wind or a turbulent sea. It can describe a fierce emotion or a violent natural event, and it's translated in the KJV as 'tempest' or 'whirlwind'.
Definition: 1) to storm, rage 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to storm 1a2) stormy, growing storm (participle) 1b) (Niphal) to be enraged 1c) (Piel) to storm away 1d) (Pual) to be driven by storm
Usage: Occurs in 7 OT verses. KJV: be (toss with) tempest(-uous), be sore, troubled, come out as a (drive with the, scatter with a) whirlwind. See also: 2 Kings 6:11; Jonah 1:11; Isaiah 54:11.
עֲלֵי/הֶֽם ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep | Suff
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.

Study Notes — Jonah 1:13

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 Proverbs 21:30 There is no wisdom, no understanding, no counsel that can prevail against the LORD.
2 Job 34:29 But when He remains silent, who can condemn Him? When He hides His face, who can see Him? Yet He watches over both man and nation,

Jonah 1:13 Summary

This verse shows that even when we try our best to fix a problem or situation, sometimes it just gets worse, like the storm that the men were facing. The men were trying to row back to dry land, but the sea was too strong, and they couldn't make it. This reminds us that we are not in control, and that God is the one who is sovereign over all things (as seen in Psalm 135:6, which says 'whatever the Lord pleases, He does'). We can learn to trust in God's plan, even when things seem impossible, and cry out to Him for help, just like the men did in the next verse, Jonah 1:14.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did the men on the ship try to row back to dry land despite the storm?

The men tried to row back to dry land because they were trying to save their own lives and possibly spare Jonah's life, but as we see in Jonah 1:13, their efforts were in vain, and the sea raged on, much like the storms of life we face today, as described in Psalms 107:25, which says God 'raised a stormy wind, which lifted up the waves of the sea'

What does this verse reveal about the character of the men on the ship?

This verse shows that the men were determined and willing to work hard to try and save themselves, but ultimately, they were unable to overcome the power of the storm, which is a reminder that our own strength is limited, as stated in Proverbs 21:31, which says 'the horse is prepared for the day of battle, but the victory belongs to the Lord'

How does this verse relate to the concept of God's sovereignty?

This verse demonstrates God's sovereignty over creation, as the storm rages on despite the men's efforts to calm it, illustrating that God is in control, even when we try to take matters into our own hands, as seen in Romans 11:36, which says 'from Him and through Him and to Him are all things'

What can we learn from the men's decision to try and row back to dry land?

We can learn that sometimes, despite our best efforts, we are unable to change our circumstances, and it is in those moments that we must turn to God and trust in His plan, as the men eventually did in Jonah 1:14, crying out to the Lord for help

Reflection Questions

  1. What are some areas in my life where I am trying to 'row back to dry land' despite the storms that God is allowing, and how can I learn to trust in His sovereignty?
  2. How do I respond when my efforts to fix a problem or situation are met with failure, and what can I learn from the men's experience in this verse?
  3. What are some ways that I can apply the principle of trusting in God's sovereignty, even when I don't understand what is happening, as seen in this verse and in other scriptures like Isaiah 55:9, which says 'as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are My ways higher than your ways'?
  4. How can I use this verse to encourage others who are facing their own storms and struggles, and what hope can I offer them from God's Word?

Gill's Exposition on Jonah 1:13

Nevertheless, the men rowed hard to bring [it] to the land, but they could not,.... Or, "they digged" (l); that is, the waters of the sea with their oars; not by casting anchor, as Abendana; they

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Jonah 1:13

Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring it to the land; but they could not: for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on Jonah 1:13

Nevertheless, Heb. And; but rightly to the proper sense of the phrase rendered here nevertheless: Notwithstanding the lot fell on Jonah, he confessed his fault, directs them to cast him overboard, and in all this avoweth himself to be a prophet of God, and assures them of a calm sea if they do this; yet, very willing to save him, the men rowed hard; they contrived all ways, and are willing to be at any labour to save him; they ply their oars, and strain their strength, with deep strokes tb force the ship to shore. But they could not; all was lost labour; God had given other order to his servants, the wind and sea; both obey him, and both keep Jonah a prisoner, self-condemned, and desirous of what the mariners were very unwilling to. For the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them: see : the sea tossed itself more violently, and by unsteady motions, like some hurricane, every moment endangered them.

Trapp's Commentary on Jonah 1:13

Jonah 1:13 Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring [it] to the land; but they could not: for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them.Ver. 13. Nevertheless the men rowed] Heb. digged: for so they that row seem to do with their oars as with spades. Hence also the Latin poets say, that boatmen cut, plough, furrow the waters (Virg. Aeneid.), Vastum sulcavimus aequor. Infindunt pariter sulcos. The Seventy render it παρεβιαζοντο, they did their utmost endeavour, with violence, to bring the ship to shore, and to save Jonah: and not as those bloody emperors, Tiberius, Caligula, and Claudius, who took delight in the punishment of offenders, and used to come early in the morning into the marketplace to behold their executions. Non nisi coactus, said that better emperor, when he was to subscribe a sentence of death; and, Oh, that I could not write mine own name ( Utinam literas nescirem), said another upon the like occasion. But they could not] They did but strive against the stream, for the Lord had otherwise determined it; and Voluntas Dei necessitas rei, who hath resisted his will? For the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them.] As Jonah 1:11. Praesentemque viris intentant omnia mortem.

Ellicott's Commentary on Jonah 1:13

(13) Rowed hard.—This is a sufficient rendering of the Hebrew verb, though it misses the metaphor. In every other instance of its use the word refers to the violence employed in breaking through a wall or enclosure. (See Ezekiel 8:8; Ezekiel 12:5; Ezekiel 12:7; Job 24:16; Amos 9:2; and compare the use of the derivative noun in Exodus 22:2; Jeremiah 2:34.) The figure of forcing the ship through the great wave wall is very striking. The Latin infindere sulcos and our ploughing the main are kindred metaphors. It is a fine trait in these sailors that they will not obey the prophet’s request to throw him overboard till all efforts to save the ship have been tried.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on Jonah 1:13

Verse 13. The men rowed hard] Were very unwilling to proceed to this extremity, and thought they would risk every thing rather than cast this disobedient prophet into the great deep.

Cambridge Bible on Jonah 1:13

13. rowed hard] Lit., digged. The word is used for digging or breaking through a wall, Job 24:16; Ezekiel 12:5; Ezekiel 12:7. The figurative use of it does not occur again in the O.T., where, as has been before observed, the references to maritime affairs are very few, but the figure itself is common in other languages. Rosenm. compares the phrases “infindere sulcos,” “arare aquas,” “scindere freta.” Virg. Æn. v. 142, Ovid, Trist. III. Eleg. XII. 36, Metamorph. XI. 463. They used their-utmost endeavours to bring her to land again, but in vain, for the tempest, so far from abating, only raged more furiously.

Barnes' Notes on Jonah 1:13

The men rowed hard - , literally “dug.” The word, like our “plowed the main,” describes the great efforts which they made. Amid the violence of the storm, they had furled their sails. These were worse than useless.

Whedon's Commentary on Jonah 1:13

13. The men rowed hard — Literally, broke through. They tried to break through the waves (Amos 9:2). The manly attitude of Jonah may have aroused the sympathy of the sailors; they did their best to save him, but in vain.

Sermons on Jonah 1:13

SermonDescription
Zac Poonen (Through the Bible) Nehemiah & Esther by Zac Poonen This sermon delves into the stories of Nehemiah and Esther, highlighting the contrast between those who are willing to sacrifice for God's work and those who seek comfort and compr
Gilbert K. Chesterton The Man Who Knew Too Much by Gilbert K. Chesterton Gilbert K. Chesterton preaches about the mysterious and elusive Prince Michael, known for his talent of appearing and disappearing at will, leading to a series of daring escapes an
Isaac Penington Some Considerations Proposed to the City of London, &C. by Isaac Penington Isaac Penington preaches a sermon urging the City of London and the nation of England to calm their spirits and wait for the Lord's plans, cautioning against rushing into ruin and
H.J. Vine Wisdom and Grace; Or, Within and Without by H.J. Vine H.J. Vine preaches about the importance of cultivating the friendship between wisdom and grace as believers, as they are both attributes of God. Believers are encouraged to walk wi
A.B. Simpson Even Christ Pleased Not Himself by A.B. Simpson The preacher delves into the concept of Sabbath rest, explaining that it signifies a period of rest for God's people modeled after the traditional Sabbath, but not limited to a spe
F.B. Meyer He Giveth Quietness. by F.B. Meyer F.B. Meyer preaches on the theme 'He Giveth Quietness,' emphasizing that God provides peace amidst the accusations of Satan, the storms of life, and the loss of inward consolations
Miles J. Stanford Passive Resistance by Miles J. Stanford Miles J. Stanford emphasizes the freedom from condemnation for those in Christ Jesus, highlighting the importance of realizing our secure position in Him to overcome the enemy's ha

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