Ezra 10:19
Ezra 10:19 in Multiple Translations
They pledged to send their wives away, and for their guilt they presented a ram from the flock as a guilt offering.
And they gave their hands that they would put away their wives; and being guilty, they offered a ram of the flock for their trespass.
And they gave their hand that they would put away their wives; and being guilty, they offered a ram of the flock for their guilt.
And they gave their word that they would put away their wives; and for their sin, they gave an offering of a male sheep of the flock.
They vowed to send their wives away, and they presented a ram from the flock as a guilt offering for their guilt.
And they gaue their hads, that they would put away their wiues, and they that had trespassed, gaue a ramme for their trespasse.
and they give their hand to send out their wives, and, being guilty, a ram of the flock, for their guilt.
They gave their hand that they would put away their wives; and being guilty, they offered a ram of the flock for their guilt.
And they gave their hands that they would put away their wives; and being guilty, they offered a ram of the flock for their trespass.
And they gave their hands to put away their wives, and to offer for their offence a ram of the flock.
They solemnly promised to divorce their wives, and they each sacrificed a ram to be an offering to atone for their sins.
Berean Amplified Bible — Ezra 10:19
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Ezra 10:19 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יִּתְּנ֥וּ
יָדָ֖/ם
לְ/הוֹצִ֣יא
נְשֵׁי/הֶ֑ם
וַ/אֲשֵׁמִ֥ים
אֵֽיל
צֹ֖אן
עַל
אַשְׁמָתָֽ/ם
וַ/יִּתְּנ֥וּ
nâthan
H5414
to give
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
יָדָ֖/ם
yâd
H3027
hand
N-cs | Suff
לְ/הוֹצִ֣יא
yâtsâʼ
H3318
to come out
Prep | V-Hiphil-Inf-a
נְשֵׁי/הֶ֑ם
ʼishshâh
H802
woman
N-fp | Suff
וַ/אֲשֵׁמִ֥ים
ʼâshêm
H818
guilty
Conj | Adj
אֵֽיל
ʼayil
H352
ram
N-ms
צֹ֖אן
tsôʼn
H6629
Sheep (Gate)
N-cs
עַל
ʻal
H5921
upon
Prep
אַשְׁמָתָֽ/ם
ʼashmâh
H819
guiltiness
N-fs | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Ezra 10:19
וַ/יִּתְּנ֥וּ
nâthan
H5414
"to give"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp
This word means to give, put, or set something, with a wide range of applications. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, describing God's actions and human interactions. The word is used to convey giving, selling, or exchanging something.
Definition: : give/deliver/send/produce 1) to give, put, set 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend 1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate 1a3) to make, constitute 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned 1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up 1c2) to be put upon
Usage: Occurs in 1816 OT verses. KJV: add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] without fail, fasten, frame, [idiom] get, give (forth, over, up), grant, hang (up), [idiom] have, [idiom] indeed, lay (unto charge, up), (give) leave, lend, let (out), [phrase] lie, lift up, make, [phrase] O that, occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, [idiom] pull, put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send (out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), [phrase] sing, [phrase] slander, strike, (sub-) mit, suffer, [idiom] surely, [idiom] take, thrust, trade, turn, utter, [phrase] weep, [phrase] willingly, [phrase] withdraw, [phrase] would (to) God, yield. See also: Genesis 1:17; Genesis 40:21; Exodus 30:12.
יָדָ֖/ם
yâd
H3027
"hand"
N-cs | Suff
In the Bible, 'yad' refers to an open hand, symbolizing power or direction. It can also mean strength or a part of something, like a side or a share. The word is used in many contexts, including anatomy and everyday life.
Definition: : hand/arm[anatomy] 1) hand 1a) hand (of man) 1b) strength, power (fig.) 1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.) 1d) (various special, technical senses) 1d1) sign, monument 1d2) part, fractional part, share 1d3) time, repetition 1d4) axle-trees, axle 1d5) stays, support (for laver) 1d6) tenons (in tabernacle) 1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure) 1d8) wrists
Usage: Occurs in 1446 OT verses. KJV: ([phrase] be) able, [idiom] about, [phrase] armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, [idiom] bounty, [phrase] broad, (broken-) handed, [idiom] by, charge, coast, [phrase] consecrate, [phrase] creditor, custody, debt, dominion, [idiom] enough, [phrase] fellowship, force, [idiom] from, hand(-staves, -y work), [idiom] he, himself, [idiom] in, labour, [phrase] large, ledge, (left-) handed, means, [idiom] mine, ministry, near, [idiom] of, [idiom] order, ordinance, [idiom] our, parts, pain, power, [idiom] presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, [phrase] swear, terror, [idiom] thee, [idiom] by them, [idiom] themselves, [idiom] thine own, [idiom] thou, through, [idiom] throwing, [phrase] thumb, times, [idiom] to, [idiom] under, [idiom] us, [idiom] wait on, (way-) side, where, [phrase] wide, [idiom] with (him, me, you), work, [phrase] yield, [idiom] yourselves. See also: Genesis 3:22; Exodus 7:19; Leviticus 14:22.
לְ/הוֹצִ֣יא
yâtsâʼ
H3318
"to come out"
Prep | V-Hiphil-Inf-a
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to go out or come out, and it's used in many different ways, like leaving a place or starting a new journey, as seen in Genesis and Exodus.
Definition: : come/go_out/escape 1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart 1a2) to go forth (to a place) 1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something) 1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result) 1a5) to come out of 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out 1b2) to bring out of 1b3) to lead out 1b4) to deliver 1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth
Usage: Occurs in 991 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, appear, [idiom] assuredly, bear out, [idiom] begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come (abroad, out, thereat, without), [phrase] be condemned, depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact, fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence, out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out), going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out, lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, [idiom] scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring out, stand out, [idiom] still, [idiom] surely, take forth (out), at any time, [idiom] to (and fro), utter. See also: Genesis 1:12; Exodus 9:33; Leviticus 26:45.
נְשֵׁי/הֶ֑ם
ʼishshâh
H802
"woman"
N-fp | Suff
The Hebrew word for woman, used to describe a female person, wife, or animal, appears in many biblical passages, including Genesis and Exodus, and is often translated as woman, wife, or female.
Definition: : woman 1) woman, wife, female 1a) woman (opposite of man) 1b) wife (woman married to a man) 1c) female (of animals) 1d) each, every (pronoun)
Usage: Occurs in 686 OT verses. KJV: (adulter) ess, each, every, female, [idiom] many, [phrase] none, one, [phrase] together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English. See also: Genesis 2:22; Genesis 34:4; Numbers 5:12.
וַ/אֲשֵׁמִ֥ים
ʼâshêm
H818
"guilty"
Conj | Adj
This Hebrew word describes someone who is guilty and must offer a sacrifice to make things right with God, as seen in Leviticus. It emphasizes the need for atonement and forgiveness.
Definition: guilty, faulty (and obliged to offer a guilt-offering)
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: one which is faulty, guilty. See also: Genesis 42:21; 2 Samuel 14:13; Ezra 10:19.
אֵֽיל
ʼayil
H352
"ram"
N-ms
A strong tree, like an oak or a ram, symbolizes strength and power, as seen in 1 Kings 7:2 where Solomon builds a house with strong pillars. It can also refer to a chief or leader, like in 1 Chronicles 12:14 where the leaders of the tribes are listed.
Definition: 1) ram 1a) ram (as food) 1b) ram (as sacrifice) 1c) ram (skin dyed red, for tabernacle)
Usage: Occurs in 171 OT verses. KJV: mighty (man), lintel, oak, post, ram, tree. See also: Genesis 15:9; Numbers 28:20; Psalms 66:15.
צֹ֖אן
tsôʼn
H6629
"Sheep (Gate)"
N-cs
This word refers to a flock of sheep or goats, and is sometimes used to describe people in a figurative sense. It is also associated with the Sheep Gate in Jerusalem, a significant location in biblical times.
Definition: This name means sheep and goats Also named: probatikos (προβατικός "Sheep Gate" G4262)
Usage: Occurs in 247 OT verses. KJV: (small) cattle, flock ([phrase] -s), lamb ([phrase] -s), sheep(-cote, -fold, -shearer, -herds). See also: Genesis 4:2; Deuteronomy 28:31; Psalms 44:12.
עַל
ʻal
H5921
"upon"
Prep
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
אַשְׁמָתָֽ/ם
ʼashmâh
H819
"guiltiness"
N-fs | Suff
Ashmah refers to guilt or sin, often requiring a guilt-offering to make things right with God. It involves doing wrong, committing a trespass, or becoming guilty, and is mentioned in various Bible passages.
Definition: 1) guiltiness, guilt, offense, sin, wrong-doing 1a) doing wrong, committing a trespass or offense 1b) becoming guilty, guilt 1c) bringing a guilt-offering
Usage: Occurs in 17 OT verses. KJV: offend, sin, (cause of) trespass(-ing, offering). See also: Leviticus 4:3; 2 Chronicles 33:23; Psalms 69:6.
Study Notes — Ezra 10:19
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Ezra 10:19 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Ezra 10:19
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezra 10:19
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
- Trapp's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
- Ellicott's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
- Cambridge Bible on Ezra 10:19
- Whedon's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
- Sermons on Ezra 10:19
Context — Those Guilty of Intermarriage
17and by the first day of the first month they had dealt with all the men who had married foreign women.
18Among the descendants of the priests who had married foreign women were found these descendants of Jeshua son of Jozadak and his brothers: Maaseiah, Eliezer, Jarib, and Gedaliah.
19They pledged to send their wives away, and for their guilt they presented a ram from the flock as a guilt offering.
20From the descendants of Immer: Hanani and Zebadiah. 21From the descendants of Harim: Maaseiah, Elijah, Shemaiah, Jehiel, and Uzziah.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Leviticus 6:6 | Then he must bring to the priest his guilt offering to the LORD: an unblemished ram of proper value from the flock. |
| 2 | 2 Kings 10:15 | When he left there, he found Jehonadab son of Rechab, who was coming to meet him. Jehu greeted him and asked, “Is your heart as true to mine as my heart is to yours?” “It is!” Jehonadab replied. “If it is,” said Jehu, “give me your hand.” So he gave him his hand, and Jehu helped him into his chariot, |
| 3 | 2 Chronicles 30:8 | Now do not stiffen your necks as your fathers did. Submit to the LORD and come to His sanctuary, which He has consecrated forever. Serve the LORD your God, so that His fierce anger will turn away from you. |
| 4 | Lamentations 5:6 | We submitted to Egypt and Assyria to get enough bread. |
| 5 | Leviticus 5:15–16 | “If someone acts unfaithfully and sins unintentionally against any of the LORD’s holy things, he must bring his guilt offering to the LORD: an unblemished ram from the flock, of proper value in silver shekels according to the sanctuary shekel; it is a guilt offering. Regarding any holy thing he has harmed, he must make restitution by adding a fifth of its value to it and giving it to the priest, who will make atonement on his behalf with the ram as a guilt offering, and he will be forgiven. |
| 6 | 1 Chronicles 29:24 | All the officials and mighty men, as well as all of King David’s sons, pledged their allegiance to King Solomon. |
| 7 | Galatians 2:9 | And recognizing the grace that I had been given, James, Cephas, and John—those reputed to be pillars—gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, so that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the circumcised. |
| 8 | Leviticus 6:4 | once he has sinned and becomes guilty, he must return what he has stolen or taken by extortion, or the deposit entrusted to him, or the lost property he found, |
Ezra 10:19 Summary
In Ezra 10:19, the men who had married foreign women pledged to send them away and offered a sacrifice to God to make things right. This shows that they were truly sorry for their sin and wanted to obey God's commands, as seen in Deuteronomy 7:3-4. Just like the men in this verse, we need to be willing to let go of things that are not pleasing to God and take steps to turn away from sin in our own lives (Matthew 5:29-30). By doing so, we can experience God's forgiveness and restoration, just like the men in Ezra 10:19.
Frequently Asked Questions
What kind of offering did the men in Ezra 10:19 give for their guilt?
According to Ezra 10:19, the men presented a ram from the flock as a guilt offering, which was a sacrifice to atone for their sin, similar to the offerings described in Leviticus 5:15 and Leviticus 7:1-10.
Why did the men in Ezra 10:19 have to send their wives away?
The men had to send their wives away because they had married foreign women, which was contrary to God's command in Deuteronomy 7:3-4 and Ezra 9:1-2, and was seen as a threat to the spiritual purity of the community.
How does this verse relate to the concept of repentance in the Bible?
This verse shows that true repentance involves not only acknowledging sin, but also taking concrete actions to turn away from it, as seen in the men's decision to send their wives away, which is in line with the teachings of 2 Corinthians 7:10 and Proverbs 28:13.
What can we learn from the men's actions in Ezra 10:19 about dealing with sin in our own lives?
We can learn that dealing with sin in our lives requires decisive action, just like the men in Ezra 10:19, and that we must be willing to let go of things that are contrary to God's will, as taught in Matthew 5:29-30 and Hebrews 12:1-2.
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my life where I need to take decisive action to turn away from sin, just like the men in Ezra 10:19?
- How can I balance the need to confront sin in my life with the need to show love and compassion to those around me, as seen in the example of Jesus in Matthew 9:10-13?
- What role does sacrifice and self-denial play in my walk with God, and how can I apply the principle of the guilt offering in Ezra 10:19 to my own life?
- How can I ensure that my actions are guided by a desire to please God, rather than just following the rules or trying to avoid punishment, as seen in the example of David in Psalm 51:1-19?
Gill's Exposition on Ezra 10:19
Ver. 19-43. And they gave their hands that they would put away their wives,.... They proposed to do it, and actually did it: and being guilty; of which they were fully convinced: they offered a ram
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Ezra 10:19
And they gave their hands that they would put away their wives; and being guilty, they offered a ram of the flock for their trespass.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
They gave their hand, i.e. they covenanted or swore by giving their hand; which was the usual gesture in those cases; of which see .
Trapp's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
Ezra 10:19 And they gave their hands that they would put away their wives; and [being] guilty, [they offered] a ram of the flock for their trespass.Ver. 19. And they gave their hands] i.e. They plighted their troth, and assured the assent of their hearts, 2 Kings 10:15. That they would put away their wives] Though as dear to them, haply, as was George Carpenter’ s (martyr), burnt at Munchen, in Bavaria; My wife and children, said he, are so dear unto me, that they cannot be bought from me for all the riches and possessions of the duke of Bavaria: but for the love of my Lord God I will willingly forsake them. Let us do so by our dilecta delicta, our dearest and most delicious sins. They offered a ram of the flock] This shows that they sinned against knowledge; for a sin of ignorance the oblation was not a ram, but a goat.
Ellicott's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
(18-44) List of the transgressors. (19) They gave their hands.—The four members of the high priest’s family were peculiarly dealt with. They gave their distinct pledge, and offered each a special trespass offering. It is one among a multitude of similar tokens of authenticity in the history; and inventor would have given some reason for the peculiarity. (22) Pashur.—Comparing Ezra 2:36-39, we find that all the priestly families that returned with Zerub-babel were implicated in the national offence. (25) Of Israel.—Of the laity eighty-six are mentioned, belonging to ten races which returned with Zerubbabel. (34) Bani.—Probably this should be some other name, as Bani occurs before. The peculiarly large number of the representatives of his race suggests that there is some confusion in the present text. (44) All these had taken strange wives.—Though the numbers are not summed up and distributed, it is evident that this closing sentence is emphatic. Ezra ends his history with a catalogue of the delinquents—strong testimony to the importance he attached to the reformation.
The last words—literally, and there were of them wives who had brought forth children—tend in the same direction. Not even this pathetic fact restrained the thoroughness of the excision. But the Book of Nehemiah (Nehemiah 13:23 seq.) will show that it was thorough only for a time.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
Verse 19. They gave their hands] They bound themselves in the most solemn manner to do as the rest of the delinquents had done; and they made all acknowledgment of their iniquity to God by offering each a ram for a trespass-offering.
Cambridge Bible on Ezra 10:19
19. they gave their hands] R.V. their hand. The Hebrew has the singular. On this symbol of a promise or pledge compare 2 Kings 10:15 ‘If it be, give me thine hand. And he gave him his hand’. Ezekiel 17:18 ‘And behold, he had given his hand, and yet hath done all these things’. Lamentations 5:6 ‘We have given the hand to the Egyptians’. 2 Chronicles 30:8 ‘But yield yourselves (Heb. give the hand) unto the Lord’. and being guilty, &c.] It has been supposed that whereas the solemn pledge or promise, to put away the strange women, was made by all, the priests alone had to offer the sacrifice of a ram. The sacrifice of a ram for a guilt offering is enjoined, ‘if anyone commit a trespass and sin unwittingly, in the holy things of the Lord’ (see Leviticus 5:14-19). There is however no real reason for limiting the guilt offering to the priests. The passage from Leviticus makes no such restriction. It is probable that this verse represents the form of solemn renunciation imposed upon all the offenders, i.e. the promise and the guilt offering.
It is mentioned after the first names on the list, and should be understood after each recorded group of names. The repetition of the formula was considered unnecessary. being guilty] These words sound like the sentence of the commission, after investigating each case. 20, 21, 22. The sons of Immer, Harim and Pashur. In Ezra 2:37-39 and Nehemiah 7:40-42 the order of the names is Immer, Pashur and Harim. In 1 Chronicles 24:8-14 ‘Harim’ is the third and Immer the sixteenth priestly course: see notes on Ezra 2:37, &c. Several of the names here mentioned occur in the lists of Nehemiah 8, 12.
Whedon's Commentary on Ezra 10:19
19. Gave their hands — As a solemn form of indicating their acceptance of the covenant, (Ezra 10:3,) and of binding themselves to put away their wives.
Sermons on Ezra 10:19
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
And Because of All This We Make a Sure Covenant by C.H. Spurgeon | C.H. Spurgeon emphasizes the importance of renewing our covenant with God during significant moments in our lives, such as recovery from illness or after experiencing deliverance f |
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(Through the Bible) Leviticus 1-10 by Chuck Smith | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the meal offering as a form of worship to God. The meal offering consists of fine flour mixed with oil and frankincense, symbolizing the work |
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Atonement by G.W. North | G.W. North emphasizes the distinction between redemption and atonement in his sermon, explaining that while redemption is foundational to both the Old and New Testaments, atonement |
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1 John 2:2 by A.W. Pink | A.W. Pink examines 1 John 2:2, arguing against the interpretation that Christ's propitiation is universal for all humanity. He emphasizes that the verse is specifically addressing |
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(The Sanctuary) 2. the New Covenant Sanctuary by D.S. Warner | D.S. Warner preaches about the spiritual significance of the sanctuary in the New Testament, drawing parallels between the Old Testament sanctuary and the church of God. He emphasi |
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What Is Grace? Grace - 1 by Anton Bosch | Anton Bosch challenges the common misconception that grace is only about God's unmerited favor for salvation, emphasizing that grace has a broader meaning than just mercy. He delve |
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Pharisees Judge Godly People for Not Doing Something That They Do by Zac Poonen | Zac Poonen addresses the hypocrisy of the Pharisees who judged Jesus for not adhering to their strict Sabbath observance, emphasizing that true godliness should not be measured by |