Menu

2 Samuel 19:40

2 Samuel 19:40 in Multiple Translations

Then the king went on to Gilgal, and Chimham crossed over with him. All the troops of Judah and half the troops of Israel escorted the king.

Then the king went on to Gilgal, and Chimham went on with him: and all the people of Judah conducted the king, and also half the people of Israel.

So the king went over to Gilgal, and Chimham went over with him: and all the people of Judah brought the king over, and also half the people of Israel.

So the king went over to Gilgal, and Chimham went with him: and all the people of Judah, as well as half the people of Israel, took the king on his way.

Then the king carried on to Gilgal, and Chimham went with him. The whole army of Judah and half the army of Israel accompanied the king.

Then the King went to Gilgal, and Chimham went with him, and all the people of Iudah conducted the King, and also halfe ye people of Israel.

And the king passeth over to Gilgal, and Chimham hath passed over with him, and all the people of Judah, and they bring over the king, and also the half of the people of Israel.

So the king went over to Gilgal, and Chimham went over with him. All the people of Judah brought the king over, and also half the people of Israel.

Then the king went on to Gilgal, and Chimham went on with him: and all the people of Judah conducted the king, and also half the people of Israel.

So the king went on to Galgal, and Chamaam with him. Now all the people of Juda had brought the king over, and only half of the people of Israel were there.

After they crossed the river, Chimham went with the king, and all the army of Judah and half the army of the other Israeli tribes escorted/accompanied the king to Gilgal.

Study Highlights

Key words in the translations above are automatically highlighted. Names of God and Jesus are marked in purple, the Holy Spirit in orange, divine action verbs are underlined, and repeated key words are highlighted in yellow.

Enable Study Highlights
God & Jesus
Holy Spirit
Divine Actions
Repeated Words

Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 19:40

BAB
Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

2 Samuel 19:40 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
HEB וַ/יַּעֲבֹ֧ר כָּל הָ/עָ֛ם אֶת הַ/יַּרְדֵּ֖ן וְ/הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ עָבָ֑ר וַ/יִּשַּׁ֨ק הַ/מֶּ֤לֶךְ לְ/בַרְזִלַּי֙ וַ/יְבָ֣רֲכֵ֔/הוּ וַ/יָּ֖שָׁב לִ/מְקֹמֽ/וֹ
וַ/יַּעֲבֹ֧ר ʻâbar H5674 to pass Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
כָּל kôl H3605 all N-ms
הָ/עָ֛ם ʻam H5971 Amaw Art | N-ms
אֶת ʼêth H853 Obj. DirObjM
הַ/יַּרְדֵּ֖ן Yardên H3383 Jordan Art | N-proper
וְ/הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ melek H4428 King's Conj | Art | N-ms
עָבָ֑ר ʻâbar H5674 to pass V-Qal-Perf-3ms
וַ/יִּשַּׁ֨ק nâshaq H5401 to kiss Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
הַ/מֶּ֤לֶךְ melek H4428 King's Art | N-ms
לְ/בַרְזִלַּי֙ Barzillay H1271 Barzillai Prep | N-proper
וַ/יְבָ֣רֲכֵ֔/הוּ bârak H1288 to bless Conj | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
וַ/יָּ֖שָׁב shûwb H7725 to return Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
לִ/מְקֹמֽ/וֹ mâqôwm H4725 place Prep | N-ms | Suff
Hebrew Word Study

Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.

Use arrow keys to navigate between words.

Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 19:40

וַ/יַּעֲבֹ֧ר ʻâbar H5674 "to pass" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
This verb can mean to cross over or transition from one thing to another, and is sometimes used to describe being arrogant or crossing a boundary.
Definition: 1) to pass over or by or through, alienate, bring, carry, do away, take, take away, transgress 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to pass over, cross, cross over, pass over, march over, overflow, go over 1a2) to pass beyond 1a3) to pass through, traverse 1a3a) passers-through (participle) 1a3b) to pass through (the parts of victim in covenant) 1a4) to pass along, pass by, overtake and pass, sweep by 1a4a) passer-by (participle) 1a4b) to be past, be over 1a5) to pass on, go on, pass on before, go in advance of, pass along, travel, advance 1a6) to pass away 1a6a) to emigrate, leave (one's territory) 1a6b) to vanish 1a6c) to perish, cease to exist 1a6d) to become invalid, become obsolete (of law, decree) 1a6e) to be alienated, pass into other hands 1b) (Niphal) to be crossed 1c) (Piel) to impregnate, cause to cross 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to pass over, cause to bring over, cause to cross over, make over to, dedicate, devote 1d2) to cause to pass through 1d3) to cause to pass by or beyond or under, let pass by 1d4) to cause to pass away, cause to take away 1e) (Hithpael) to pass over
Usage: Occurs in 493 OT verses. KJV: alienate, alter, [idiom] at all, beyond, bring (over, through), carry over, (over-) come (on, over), conduct (over), convey over, current, deliver, do away, enter, escape, fail, gender, get over, (make) go (away, beyond, by, forth, his way, in, on, over, through), have away (more), lay, meddle, overrun, make partition, (cause to, give, make to, over) pass(-age, along, away, beyond, by, -enger, on, out, over, through), (cause to, make) [phrase] proclaim(-amation), perish, provoke to anger, put away, rage, [phrase] raiser of taxes, remove, send over, set apart, [phrase] shave, cause to (make) sound, [idiom] speedily, [idiom] sweet smelling, take (away), (make to) transgress(-or), translate, turn away, (way-) faring man, be wrath. See also: Genesis 8:1; Deuteronomy 27:2; 1 Samuel 25:19.
כָּל kôl H3605 "all" N-ms
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
הָ/עָ֛ם ʻam H5971 "Amaw" Art | N-ms
A people or nation is what this Hebrew word represents, like the nation of Israel in Exodus 33:13. It can also mean a tribe, troops, or attendants, and is used to describe a group of people gathered together. The word is often used to refer to the people of God.
Definition: This name means nation, people
Usage: Occurs in 1655 OT verses. KJV: folk, men, nation, people. See also: Genesis 11:6; Exodus 16:4; Leviticus 17:9.
אֶת ʼêth H853 "Obj." DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
הַ/יַּרְדֵּ֖ן Yardên H3383 "Jordan" Art | N-proper
The Jordan River, which runs from Lebanon to the Dead Sea, is a key location in the Bible, including in the stories of Jesus and the Israelites.
Definition: Jordan = "descender" the river of Palestine running from the roots of Anti-Lebanon to the Dead Sea a distance of approx 200 miles (320 km) Also named: Iordanēs (Ἰορδάνης "Jordan" G2446)
Usage: Occurs in 164 OT verses. KJV: Jordan. See also: Genesis 13:10; Joshua 12:1; Psalms 42:7.
וְ/הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ melek H4428 "King's" Conj | Art | N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
עָבָ֑ר ʻâbar H5674 "to pass" V-Qal-Perf-3ms
This verb can mean to cross over or transition from one thing to another, and is sometimes used to describe being arrogant or crossing a boundary.
Definition: 1) to pass over or by or through, alienate, bring, carry, do away, take, take away, transgress 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to pass over, cross, cross over, pass over, march over, overflow, go over 1a2) to pass beyond 1a3) to pass through, traverse 1a3a) passers-through (participle) 1a3b) to pass through (the parts of victim in covenant) 1a4) to pass along, pass by, overtake and pass, sweep by 1a4a) passer-by (participle) 1a4b) to be past, be over 1a5) to pass on, go on, pass on before, go in advance of, pass along, travel, advance 1a6) to pass away 1a6a) to emigrate, leave (one's territory) 1a6b) to vanish 1a6c) to perish, cease to exist 1a6d) to become invalid, become obsolete (of law, decree) 1a6e) to be alienated, pass into other hands 1b) (Niphal) to be crossed 1c) (Piel) to impregnate, cause to cross 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to pass over, cause to bring over, cause to cross over, make over to, dedicate, devote 1d2) to cause to pass through 1d3) to cause to pass by or beyond or under, let pass by 1d4) to cause to pass away, cause to take away 1e) (Hithpael) to pass over
Usage: Occurs in 493 OT verses. KJV: alienate, alter, [idiom] at all, beyond, bring (over, through), carry over, (over-) come (on, over), conduct (over), convey over, current, deliver, do away, enter, escape, fail, gender, get over, (make) go (away, beyond, by, forth, his way, in, on, over, through), have away (more), lay, meddle, overrun, make partition, (cause to, give, make to, over) pass(-age, along, away, beyond, by, -enger, on, out, over, through), (cause to, make) [phrase] proclaim(-amation), perish, provoke to anger, put away, rage, [phrase] raiser of taxes, remove, send over, set apart, [phrase] shave, cause to (make) sound, [idiom] speedily, [idiom] sweet smelling, take (away), (make to) transgress(-or), translate, turn away, (way-) faring man, be wrath. See also: Genesis 8:1; Deuteronomy 27:2; 1 Samuel 25:19.
וַ/יִּשַּׁ֨ק nâshaq H5401 "to kiss" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
To kiss or touch, also to equip with weapons, as seen in armed men or rulers. It appears in various forms, including a romantic kiss or a mode of attachment. In the Bible, it is used to describe intimate touch.
Definition: 1) to put together, kiss 1a) (Qal) to kiss 1b) (Piel) to kiss 1c) (Hiphil) to touch gently
Usage: Occurs in 35 OT verses. KJV: armed (men), rule, kiss, that touched. See also: Genesis 27:26; 2 Samuel 14:33; Psalms 2:12.
הַ/מֶּ֤לֶךְ melek H4428 "King's" Art | N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
לְ/בַרְזִלַּי֙ Barzillay H1271 "Barzillai" Prep | N-proper
Barzillai means 'my iron' and was the name of three Israelites, including a Gileadite leader who helped David defeat Absalom's rebellion.
Definition: A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.2.61 § Barzillai = "my iron" 1) a Gileadite leader who helped David defeat Absalom's rebellion 2) a priest, son-in-law to Barzillai the Gileadite 3) an Israelite from Mahalath whose son Adriel married Michal, Saul's daughter
Usage: Occurs in 10 OT verses. KJV: Barzillai. See also: 2 Samuel 17:27; 2 Samuel 19:40; Nehemiah 7:63.
וַ/יְבָ֣רֲכֵ֔/הוּ bârak H1288 "to bless" Conj | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms | Suff
To bless means to praise or honor God, often by kneeling in worship. In the Bible, people bless God and God blesses people, showing favor and care for them, as seen in the story of Abraham and his descendants.
Definition: 1) to bless, kneel 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to kneel 1a2) to bless 1b) (Niphal) to be blessed, bless oneself 1c) (Piel) to bless 1d) (Pual) to be blessed, be adored 1e) (Hiphil) to cause to kneel 1f) (Hithpael) to bless oneself 2) (TWOT) to praise, salute, curse Aramaic equivalent: be.rakh (בְּרַךְ "to bless" H1289)
Usage: Occurs in 289 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] abundantly, [idiom] altogether, [idiom] at all, blaspheme, bless, congratulate, curse, [idiom] greatly, [idiom] indeed, kneel (down), praise, salute, [idiom] still, thank. See also: Genesis 1:22; Deuteronomy 24:19; Job 2:9.
וַ/יָּ֖שָׁב shûwb H7725 "to return" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
This Hebrew word means to return or turn back, and can be used literally or figuratively. It is often used to describe someone returning to God or repenting from sin, as seen in the book of Psalms and the prophets.
Definition: : return 1) to return, turn back 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to turn back, return 1a1a) to turn back 1a1b) to return, come or go back 1a1c) to return unto, go back, come back 1a1d) of dying 1a1e) of human relations (fig) 1a1f) of spiritual relations (fig) 1a1f1) to turn back (from God), apostatise 1a1f2) to turn away (of God) 1a1f3) to turn back (to God), repent 1a1f4) turn back (from evil) 1a1g) of inanimate things 1a1h) in repetition 1b) (Polel) 1b1) to bring back 1b2) to restore, refresh, repair (fig) 1b3) to lead away (enticingly) 1b4) to show turning, apostatise 1c) (Pual) restored (participle) 1d) (Hiphil) to cause to return, bring back 1d1) to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment 1d2) to bring back, refresh, restore 1d3) to bring back, report to, answer 1d4) to bring back, make requital, pay (as recompense) 1d5) to turn back or backward, repel, defeat, repulse, hinder, reject, refuse 1d6) to turn away (face), turn toward 1d7) to turn against 1d8) to bring back to mind 1d9) to show a turning away 1d10) to reverse, revoke 1e) (Hophal) to be returned, be restored, be brought back 1f) (Pulal) brought back
Usage: Occurs in 953 OT verses. KJV: ((break, build, circumcise, dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge, make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) [idiom] again, (cause to) answer ([phrase] again), [idiom] in any case (wise), [idiom] at all, averse, bring (again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back), cease, [idiom] certainly, come again (back), [idiom] consider, [phrase] continually, convert, deliver (again), [phrase] deny, draw back, fetch home again, [idiom] fro, get (oneself) (back) again, [idiom] give (again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see) more, [idiom] needs, be past, [idiom] pay, pervert, pull in again, put (again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh, relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve, (cause to, make to) return, reverse, reward, [phrase] say nay, send back, set again, slide back, still, [idiom] surely, take back (off), (cause to, make to) turn (again, self again, away, back, back again, backward, from, off), withdraw. See also: Genesis 3:19; Numbers 8:25; Judges 8:13.
לִ/מְקֹמֽ/וֹ mâqôwm H4725 "place" Prep | N-ms | Suff
Maqom means a place or location, like a city or a region. It can also refer to a condition of the body or mind. This term is used to describe a wide range of locations and situations.
Definition: 1) standing place, place 1a) standing place, station, post, office 1b) place, place of human abode 1c) city, land, region 1d) place, locality, spot 1e) space, room, distance 1f) region, quarter, direction 1g) give place to, instead of
Usage: Occurs in 379 OT verses. KJV: country, [idiom] home, [idiom] open, place, room, space, [idiom] whither(-soever). See also: Genesis 1:9; Deuteronomy 12:3; 1 Kings 20:24.

Study Notes — 2 Samuel 19:40

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 Matthew 21:9 The crowds that went ahead of Him and those that followed were shouting: “Hosanna to the Son of David!” “Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord!” “Hosanna in the highest!”
2 Genesis 49:10 The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the staff from between his feet, until Shiloh comes and the allegiance of the nations is his.
3 2 Samuel 19:11–15 Then King David sent this message to Zadok and Abiathar, the priests: “Say to the elders of Judah, ‘Why should you be the last to restore the king to his palace, since the talk of all Israel has reached the king at his quarters? You are my brothers, my own flesh and blood. So why should you be the last to restore the king?’ And say to Amasa, ‘Aren’t you my flesh and blood? May God punish me, and ever so severely, if from this time you are not the commander of my army in place of Joab!’” So he swayed the hearts of all the men of Judah as though they were one man, and they sent word to the king: “Return, you and all your servants.” So the king returned, and when he arrived at the Jordan, the men of Judah came to Gilgal to meet him and escort him across the Jordan.

2 Samuel 19:40 Summary

In 2 Samuel 19:40, King David continues his journey to reunite with his people after being in exile, and he is accompanied by Chimham, the son of his loyal supporter Barzillai, and escorted by troops from both Judah and Israel. This verse shows the king's commitment to rewarding loyalty and promoting unity, as he travels to Gilgal, a significant location in Israel's history, as seen in Joshua 4:19-24. The king's actions demonstrate the importance of gratitude and humility in leadership, as emphasized in Proverbs 24:23-25 and Matthew 5:7. By studying this verse, we can learn valuable lessons about the importance of loyalty, unity, and humility in our own relationships and communities.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did the king go to Gilgal after crossing the Jordan?

The king went to Gilgal as part of his journey to reunite with his people and reestablish his throne, as seen in 2 Samuel 19:40, and it may have been a strategic location to address the concerns of both Judah and Israel, similar to how Joshua gathered the people at Gilgal after crossing the Jordan in Joshua 4:19-24.

Who was Chimham and why was he important to the king?

Chimham was the son of Barzillai, a loyal supporter of King David, and the king had promised to do for him what seemed good in Barzillai's sight, as seen in 2 Samuel 19:38, demonstrating the king's gratitude and commitment to his loyal subjects.

Why did half of the troops of Israel escort the king, while all the troops of Judah did?

The difference in the number of troops from Judah and Israel may indicate a lingering divide between the two groups, which would eventually lead to the confrontation in 2 Samuel 19:41-42, highlighting the ongoing tension and rivalry between the tribes of Israel, as also seen in 1 Samuel 18:7-8.

What can we learn from the king's actions in this verse about leadership and loyalty?

The king's actions demonstrate his commitment to rewarding loyalty, as seen in his treatment of Chimham, and his desire to reunite his people, as he journeys to Gilgal, providing a model for leaders to prioritize loyalty and unity, as emphasized in Proverbs 24:23-25 and Matthew 5:7.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can I demonstrate loyalty and gratitude to those who have supported me, just as King David did with Barzillai and Chimham?
  2. What are some ways I can work to unify people around me, even if there are differences or tensions, as the king attempted to do by going to Gilgal?
  3. How can I balance my desire for recognition and support with the need to prioritize unity and humility, as the king faced in his journey to reunite with his people?
  4. What are some strategic locations or opportunities in my life where I can gather with others to promote unity and reconciliation, similar to the king's journey to Gilgal?

Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 19:40

Then the king went on to Gilgal,.... Which, according to Josephus (n), was fifty furlongs from Jordan, six miles and a quarter: and Chimham went on with him; after Barzillai had left them, and

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 19:40

Then the king went on to Gilgal, and Chimham went on with him: and all the people of Judah conducted the king, and also half the people of Israel.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 19:40

Conducted the king; attended upon him on his journey towards Jerusalem. And also half the people of Israel; whereas the men of Judah came entirely and unanimously to the king, as is noted here, and above, , the Israelites of the other tribes came in but slowly, and by halves, as being no less guilty of the rebellion than the tribe of Judah; but not encouraged and invited to come in by such a particular and gracious message as they were. And this is here mentioned as the occasion both of the contention here following, and of the sedition, 2 Samuel 20.

Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 19:40

2 Samuel 19:40 Then the king went on to Gilgal, and Chimham went on with him: and all the people of Judah conducted the king, and also half the people of Israel.Ver. 40. And also half the people of Israel.] i.e., A part of them; so many as well could, and had a mind to it.

Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 19:40

(40) All the people.—The tribe of Judah, deeply moved by the measures and words of David, had united generally in his restoration; the other tribes, who had first proposed to return to their allegiance (2 Samuel 19:9-10), had not had time to join in the present movement, or had not generally known of it, and only Shimei with his one thousand Benjamites, and doubtless others living near, together with the tribes east of the Jordan, represented altogether as “half the people of Israel,” were able to come together.

Whedon's Commentary on 2 Samuel 19:40

QUARREL AT GILGAL BETWEEN JUDAH AND ISRAEL OVER THE KING’S RETURN, 2 Samuel 19:40-43. 40.

Sermons on 2 Samuel 19:40

SermonDescription
David Guzik (2 Samuel) Bringing Back the King by David Guzik In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of David's return to Jerusalem and the response of the people of Judah. He emphasizes the importance of using our resources for the
A.W. Tozer (Dangers in the Way Series): Dangers of Arrogance and Defeat by A.W. Tozer In this sermon, the preacher encourages listeners to take the defeat and discouragement out of their spirits and hearts. He emphasizes that failure, whether in business or any othe
Leonard Ravenhill God's Covenant With Man by Leonard Ravenhill In this sermon, the preacher discusses the events described in the book of Revelation, specifically focusing on the sounding of the trumpets. He describes the darkening of the sun,
Paul Ravenhill Go Ye by Paul Ravenhill In this sermon, the speaker focuses on the last words of Jesus to his disciples in Matthew 28:16-20. He emphasizes that Jesus' words were not just for the eleven disciples, but for
Joshua Daniel Flip-Flopping Christians 1 - Part 2 by Joshua Daniel This sermon reflects on the profound impact of God's touch in one's life, leading to miraculous healing and extended years of active service. It emphasizes the gratitude and praise
Joshua Daniel Flip-Flopping Christians 2 - Part 1 by Joshua Daniel This sermon by Joshua Daniel emphasizes the importance of remaining faithful to Jesus even in the face of challenges and betrayals. It reflects on the fickleness of human nature, w
Ed Miller (Luke) 48 - Palm Sunday-Luke19 by Ed Miller In this sermon, the speaker discusses a photographer who won a prestigious award for his black and white photos but decided to use color film to capture the misery of a particular

Everything we make is available for free because of a generous community of supporters.

Donate