2 Kings 3:1
2 Kings 3:1 in Multiple Translations
In the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat’s reign over Judah, Jehoram son of Ahab became king of Israel, and he reigned in Samaria twelve years.
Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years.
Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years.
And Jehoram, the son of Ahab, became king over Israel in Samaria in the eighteenth year of the rule of Jehoshaphat, king of Judah; and he was king for twelve years.
Joram, son of Ahab, became king of Israel in the eighteenth year of the reign of King Jehoshaphat of Judah. He reigned in Samaria for twelve years.
Nowe Iehoram the sonne of Ahab beganne to reigne ouer Israel in Samaria, the eighteenth yeere of Iehoshaphat King of Iudah, and reigned twelue yeeres.
And Jehoram son of Ahab hath reigned over Israel, in Samaria, in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and he reigneth twelve years,
Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years.
Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years.
And Joram the son of Achab reigned over Israel in Samaria in the eighteenth year of Josaphat king of Juda. And he reigned twelve years.
After Jehoshaphat had been ruling Judah for almost 18 years, Ahab’s son Joram became the king of Israel. He ruled in Samaria city for twelve years.
Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Kings 3:1
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
2 Kings 3:1 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וִ/יהוֹרָ֣ם
בֶּן
אַחְאָ֗ב
מָלַ֤ךְ
עַל
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙
בְּ/שֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן
בִּ/שְׁנַת֙
שְׁמֹנֶ֣ה
עֶשְׂרֵ֔ה
לִ/יהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט
מֶ֣לֶךְ
יְהוּדָ֑ה
וַ/יִּמְלֹ֖ךְ
שְׁתֵּים
עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה
שָׁנָֽה
וִ/יהוֹרָ֣ם
Yᵉhôwrâm
H3088
Joram
Conj | N-proper
בֶּן
bên
H1121
son
N-ms
אַחְאָ֗ב
ʼAchʼâb
H256
Ahab
N-proper
מָלַ֤ךְ
mâlak
H4427
to reign
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
עַל
ʻal
H5921
upon
Prep
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙
Yisrâʼêl
H3478
Israel
N-proper
בְּ/שֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן
Shômᵉrôwn
H8111
Samaria
Prep | N-proper
בִּ/שְׁנַת֙
shâneh
H8141
year
Prep | N-fs
שְׁמֹנֶ֣ה
shᵉmôneh
H8083
eight
Adj
עֶשְׂרֵ֔ה
ʻâsâr
H6240
ten
Adj
לִ/יהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט
Yᵉhôwshâphâṭ
H3092
Jehoshaphat
Prep | N-proper
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
King's
N-ms
יְהוּדָ֑ה
Yᵉhûwdâh
H3063
Judah
N-proper
וַ/יִּמְלֹ֖ךְ
mâlak
H4427
to reign
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
שְׁתֵּים
shᵉnayim
H8147
two
Adj
עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה
ʻâsâr
H6240
ten
Adj
שָׁנָֽה
shâneh
H8141
year
N-fs
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Kings 3:1
וִ/יהוֹרָ֣ם
Yᵉhôwrâm
H3088
"Joram"
Conj | N-proper
Jehoram was a king of Israel, and his story is told in 2 Kings 1:17. He was the son of Ahab and Jezebel, and his name means 'Jehovah is exalted'. Jehoram was also known as Joram, and he had several brothers and sisters, including Joash and Athaliah.
Definition: A king of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.1.17; son of: Ahab (H0256) and Jezebel (H0348); brother of: Joash (H3101H), Ahaziah (H0274) and Athaliah (H6271); also called Jehoram at 2Ki.1.17a; 3.1,6; 1x,6,7; Another spelling of yo.ram (יוֹרָם "Joram" H3141H) § Jehoram or Joram = "Jehovah is exalted" 1) son of king Jehoshaphat of Judah and himself king of Judah for 8 years; his wife was the wicked Athaliah who was probably the instigator for his returning the nation of Judah to the worship of Baal 2) son of king Ahab of the northern kingdom of Israel and king of Israel himself for 12 years; he was murdered by Jehu on the plot of land for which his father had murdered Naboth thus fulfilling the prophecy of Elijah to the very letter 3) a priest in the reign of Jehoshaphat
Usage: Occurs in 26 OT verses. KJV: Jehoram, Joram. Compare H3141 (יוֹרָם). See also: 1 Kings 22:51; 2 Kings 12:19; 2 Chronicles 22:11.
בֶּן
bên
H1121
"son"
N-ms
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
אַחְאָ֗ב
ʼAchʼâb
H256
"Ahab"
N-proper
Ahab was a king of Israel who lived a long time ago. He was married to a queen named Jezebel and did many bad things. The prophet Jeremiah also wrote about a different man named Ahab.
Definition: A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.29.21; son of: Kolaiah (H6964H) § Ahab = "father's brother" 1) king of Israel, son of Omri, husband of Jezebel 2) false prophet executed by Nebuchadrezzar, time of Jeremiah
Usage: Occurs in 81 OT verses. KJV: Ahab. See also: 1 Kings 16:28; 1 Kings 22:40; Jeremiah 29:21.
מָלַ֤ךְ
mâlak
H4427
"to reign"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
עַל
ʻal
H5921
"upon"
Prep
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙
Yisrâʼêl
H3478
"Israel"
N-proper
Israel is the symbolic name of Jacob, also referring to his descendants. Jacob, son of Isaac and Rebekah, had 12 sons who became the tribes of Israel, as told in Genesis 25:26. His story is crucial to the Bible's narrative.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26; son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259); brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A); father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently § Israel = "God prevails" 1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel 2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob 2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split 2b) the name used and given to the northern kingdom consisting of the 10 tribes under Jeroboam; the southern kingdom was known as Judah 2c) the name of the nation after the return from exile
Usage: Occurs in 2231 OT verses. KJV: Israel. See also: Genesis 32:29; Exodus 13:18; Exodus 40:38.
בְּ/שֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן
Shômᵉrôwn
H8111
"Samaria"
Prep | N-proper
Samaria means watch mountain, a region in northern Palestine and the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel, located near Jerusalem. It was the kingdom of the 10 tribes of Israel after Solomon's death.
Definition: § Samaria = "watch mountain" 1) the region of northern Palestine associated with the northern kingdom of the 10 tribes of Israel which split from the kingdom after the death of Solomon during the reign of his son Rehoboam and were ruled by Jeroboam 2) the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel located 30 miles (50 km) north of Jerusalem and 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Shechem
Usage: Occurs in 101 OT verses. KJV: Samaria. See also: 1 Kings 13:32; 2 Kings 17:5; Isaiah 7:9.
בִּ/שְׁנַת֙
shâneh
H8141
"year"
Prep | N-fs
This word also means a year, like when Abraham was 100 years old in Genesis 21. It is used to describe a period of time, age, or a lifetime.
Definition: 1) year 1a) as division of time 1b) as measure of time 1c) as indication of age 1d) a lifetime (of years of life) Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Usage: Occurs in 647 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). See also: Genesis 1:14; Genesis 47:28; Numbers 7:35.
שְׁמֹנֶ֣ה
shᵉmôneh
H8083
"eight"
Adj
The Hebrew word for the number eight, which was considered a special number in biblical times. It is used to describe quantities, such as eight days or eight years, and also appears in ordinal forms, like eighth or eighth day.
Definition: 1) eight, eighth 1a) eight (as cardinal number) 1b) eighth (as ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers
Usage: Occurs in 105 OT verses. KJV: eight(-een, -eenth), eighth. See also: Genesis 5:4; 1 Chronicles 16:38; Jeremiah 32:1.
עֶשְׂרֵ֔ה
ʻâsâr
H6240
"ten"
Adj
In Hebrew, this word means ten, and is used to form numbers like eleven or thirteen, as seen in Genesis 31:41. It is always used in combination with other numbers.
Definition: 1) ten, -teen (in combination with other numbers) 1a) used only in combination to make the numbers 11-19
Usage: Occurs in 292 OT verses. KJV: (eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-, six-, thir-) teen(-th), [phrase] eleven(-th), [phrase] sixscore thousand, [phrase] twelve(-th). See also: Genesis 5:8; Joshua 21:7; 1 Chronicles 25:27.
לִ/יהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט
Yᵉhôwshâphâṭ
H3092
"Jehoshaphat"
Prep | N-proper
Jehoshaphat was a king of Judah who ruled for 25 years and was known for his piety and prosperity. His name means Jehovah has judged, and he is mentioned in 2 Kings 9:2 as the son of King Asa. He was one of the best kings of Judah in the Bible.
Definition: A man of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.9.2; son of: Nimshi (H5250); father of: Jehu (H3058H) § Jehoshaphat = "Jehovah has judged" 1) son of king Asa and himself king of Judah for 25 years; one of the best, most pious, and prosperous kings of Judah 2) son of Nimshi and father of king Jehu of the northern kingdom of Israel 3) son of Ahilud and chronicler under David and Solomon 4) son of Paruah and one of the 12 commissary officers under Solomon 5) a priest and trumpeter in the time of David 6) symbolical name of a valley near Jerusalem which is the place of ultimate judgment; maybe the deep ravine which separates Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives through which the Kidron flowed
Usage: Occurs in 75 OT verses. KJV: Jehoshaphat. Compare H3146 (יוֹשָׁפָט). See also: 2 Samuel 8:16; 2 Chronicles 17:5; Joel 4:12.
מֶ֣לֶךְ
melek
H4428
"King's"
N-ms
This word refers to a king or royal person, like King David or King Saul. It can also describe something related to a king, like the King's Valley in Genesis. The Bible often uses this word to talk about the rulers of Israel.
Definition: King's (Valley) (Gen.14.17)
Usage: Occurs in 1919 OT verses. KJV: king, royal. See also: Genesis 14:1; Joshua 10:39; 1 Samuel 16:1.
יְהוּדָ֑ה
Yᵉhûwdâh
H3063
"Judah"
N-proper
Judah is the name of the tribe descended from Judah, the son of Jacob. It is also the name of the region where the tribe lived. The name means 'praised' and is first mentioned in Genesis.
Definition: § Judah = "praised" the tribe descended from Judah the son of Jacob
Usage: Occurs in 754 OT verses. KJV: Judah. See also: Genesis 29:35; 1 Samuel 23:3; 2 Kings 14:13.
וַ/יִּמְלֹ֖ךְ
mâlak
H4427
"to reign"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
שְׁתֵּים
shᵉnayim
H8147
"two"
Adj
The Hebrew word for the number two appears in Genesis and Exodus, describing pairs and dualities. It can also mean double or twice. In the Bible, it is often used to describe things that come in twos, like two witnesses or two tablets.
Definition: 1) two 1a) two (the cardinal number) 1a1) two, both, double, twice 1b) second (the ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers 1d) both (a dual number)
Usage: Occurs in 646 OT verses. KJV: both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two. See also: Genesis 1:16; Exodus 30:4; Numbers 13:23.
עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה
ʻâsâr
H6240
"ten"
Adj
In Hebrew, this word means ten, and is used to form numbers like eleven or thirteen, as seen in Genesis 31:41. It is always used in combination with other numbers.
Definition: 1) ten, -teen (in combination with other numbers) 1a) used only in combination to make the numbers 11-19
Usage: Occurs in 292 OT verses. KJV: (eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-, six-, thir-) teen(-th), [phrase] eleven(-th), [phrase] sixscore thousand, [phrase] twelve(-th). See also: Genesis 5:8; Joshua 21:7; 1 Chronicles 25:27.
שָׁנָֽה
shâneh
H8141
"year"
N-fs
This word also means a year, like when Abraham was 100 years old in Genesis 21. It is used to describe a period of time, age, or a lifetime.
Definition: 1) year 1a) as division of time 1b) as measure of time 1c) as indication of age 1d) a lifetime (of years of life) Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Usage: Occurs in 647 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). See also: Genesis 1:14; Genesis 47:28; Numbers 7:35.
Study Notes — 2 Kings 3:1
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 2 Kings 3:1 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 2 Kings 3:1
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Kings 3:1
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
- Trapp's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
- Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
- Cambridge Bible on 2 Kings 3:1
- Barnes' Notes on 2 Kings 3:1
- Whedon's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
- Sermons on 2 Kings 3:1
Context — Moab’s Rebellion
1In the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat’s reign over Judah, Jehoram son of Ahab became king of Israel, and he reigned in Samaria twelve years.
2And he did evil in the sight of the LORD, but not as his father and mother had done. He removed the sacred pillar of Baal that his father had made. 3Nevertheless, he clung to the sins that Jeroboam son of Nebat had caused Israel to commit; he did not turn away from them.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Kings 1:17 | So Ahaziah died according to the word of the LORD that Elijah had spoken. And since he had no son, Jehoram succeeded him in the second year of the reign of Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat over Judah. |
| 2 | 1 Kings 22:51 | In the seventeenth year of Jehoshaphat’s reign over Judah, Ahaziah son of Ahab became king of Israel, and he reigned in Samaria two years. |
| 3 | 2 Kings 8:16 | In the fifth year of the reign of Joram son of Ahab over Israel, Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat succeeded his father as king of Judah. |
2 Kings 3:1 Summary
This verse tells us about a new king named Jehoram who took over Israel after his father Ahab, and he ruled for twelve years in the city of Samaria. It also mentions that this happened during the eighteenth year of King Jehoshaphat's reign in Judah, which helps us understand the timing and the relationship between these two kingdoms, similar to how the reigns of other kings are synchronized in 1 Kings 22:51 and 2 Kings 8:16. Just like how other kings in the Bible had to make important decisions, Jehoram had the chance to choose whether to follow God or not, and his choices would have consequences, as we see in the examples of King David in 1 Samuel 30:6 and King Solomon in 1 Kings 11:1-13. By considering Jehoram's reign, we can reflect on our own choices and the impact they have on those around us, and seek guidance from scriptures like Psalm 37:3-7 and Proverbs 3:5-6.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Jehoram and what was his relationship to Ahab?
Jehoram was the son of Ahab, a king of Israel, as mentioned in 2 Kings 3:1, and his reign is also referenced in 2 Chronicles 22:1-6, which provides more details about his family and ascension to the throne.
What can we learn about the timing of Jehoram's reign from this verse?
According to 2 Kings 3:1, Jehoram began his reign in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat's reign over Judah, indicating a specific point in the history of both Israel and Judah, similar to how other kings' reigns are synchronized in 1 Kings 22:51 and 2 Kings 8:16.
How long did Jehoram reign as king of Israel?
Jehoram reigned in Samaria for twelve years, as stated in 2 Kings 3:1, a relatively long period that would have given him ample opportunity to implement policies and make decisions that would impact Israel, much like other kings whose reigns are described in terms of their duration and actions in 1 Kings 14:19-20 and 1 Kings 15:24.
What can we infer about the political and spiritual climate of Israel during Jehoram's reign?
Given that Jehoram followed in the footsteps of his father Ahab, who was known for his evil deeds as described in 1 Kings 21:25-26, it can be inferred that the spiritual climate of Israel during Jehoram's reign was likely compromised, setting the stage for the events that unfold in subsequent chapters, such as the prophetic actions of Elisha in 2 Kings 4:1-44.
Reflection Questions
- What does the transition of power from Ahab to Jehoram reveal about the nature of leadership and the consequences of sinful patterns in families and nations, and how can this be applied to our own lives and communities?
- How might the fact that Jehoram became king in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat's reign over Judah suggest a broader geopolitical context, and what lessons can be drawn from the interactions between these two kingdoms, especially considering the alliance between Ahab and Jehoshaphat in 1 Kings 22:1-40?
- In what ways can the reign of Jehoram serve as a cautionary tale about the dangers of following in the footsteps of those who have come before us, whether in our personal lives or in our roles as leaders, and how can we apply the wisdom from Proverbs 22:1 to our own situations?
- What role might the city of Samaria have played in the reign of Jehoram, and how might its significance as the capital of Israel have influenced the king's decisions and the nation's direction, especially in light of the prophecies against Samaria in Isaiah 7:1-9 and Micah 1:5-7?
Gill's Exposition on 2 Kings 3:1
Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah,.... So that the two years of the reign of his brother Ahaziah were not complete,
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Kings 3:1
Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years. Jehoram ... in ... the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat - (cf.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
2 KINGS CHAPTER 3 Jehoram followeth the sin of Jeroboam; he, with Jehoshaphat and the king of Edom, goeth to battle against Moab, . They, in distress for water, obtain it by Elisha, and a promise of victory, . The Moabites, deceived by the colour of the water, coming to spoil, are overcome, . The king of Moab, by sacrificing his eldest son, raiseth the siege, ,27. The eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat. Quest. How can this be true, when Ahaziah, Jehoram’ s predecessor, who reigned two years, began his reign in Jehoshaphat’ s seventeenth year, ? Answ. Either Ahaziah reigned the greatest part of two years, to wit, of the seventeenth and eighteenth years of Jehoshaphat, (parts of years being oft called years in the computation of times, both in Scripture and other authors,) and Jehoram began his reign towards the end of his eighteenth year; or Ahaziah reigned part of this two years with his father, and the rest after him.
Trapp's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
2 Kings 3:1 Now Jehoram the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned twelve years.Ver. 1. In the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat.] But in the second year of Jehoram, whom his father Jehoshaphat had made viceroy; but misliking his son’ s evil practices, as it is probable, he resumed the sceptre.
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
III. THE REIGN OF JEHORAM OF ISRAEL, AND HIS AGAINST MOAB, IN WHICH OF JUDAH TAKES PART.(1) Began to reign.—Literally, reigned.The eighteenth year.—Comp. Note on 2 Kings 1:17; 2 Kings 8:16.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
CHAPTER III The reign and idolatry of Jehoram, king of Israel, 1-3. Mesha, king of Moab, rebels against Israel, 4, 5. Jehoram, Jehoshaphat, and the king of Edom join against the Moabites, and are brought into great distress for want of water, 6-10. The three kings go to Elisha to inquire of the Lord; who promises them water, and a complete victory, 11-19. Water comes the next morning, and fills the trenches which these kings had made in the valley, 20. The Moabites arm against them; and suppose, when they see the sun shining upon the waters, which look like blood, that the confederate kings have fallen out, and slain each other; and that they have nothing to do but take the spool, 21-23. The Israelites attack and completely rout then, beat down their cities, and mar their land, 24, 25. The king of Moab, having made an unsuccessful attack on the king of Edom, takes his eldest son, and of offers him for a burnt-offering upon the wall; and there is great indignation against Israel, 26, 27. NOTES ON CHAP. III
Cambridge Bible on 2 Kings 3:1
Ch. 2 Kings 3:1-20. Jehoram king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah march against Moab. In the desert they obtain water through Elisha, who also promises them victory (Not in Chronicles) 1. the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat] How this year may be identified with ‘the second year of Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat’, which in 2 Kings 1:17 is the date assigned to Jehoram’s accession, is not clear. But see above on that passage.
Barnes' Notes on 2 Kings 3:1
In the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat - This date agrees exactly with the statements that Jehoshaphat began to reign in the fourth year of Ahab 1 Kings 22:41, and Ahaziah in the 17th year of Jehoshaphat 1 Kings 22:51.
Whedon's Commentary on 2 Kings 3:1
1. Jehoram the son of Ahab — And brother of Ahaziah, who died prematurely from a fall from his upper chamber. 2 Kings 1:2; 2 Kings 1:17. With this Jehoram, or Joram, as he is often called, the dynasty of Omri came to an end.
Sermons on 2 Kings 3:1
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Well and Ditches by Paris Reidhead | In this sermon, the speaker reflects on his 25 years of ministry and the changes he has witnessed in the church. He highlights the development of wide-scale evangelism, which was b |
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Make This Valley Full of Ditches by Paris Reidhead | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of being desperate for God and seeking Him wholeheartedly. He uses the story of the Israelites in 2 Kings 3 as an example of h |
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(Through the Bible) 2 Kings by Zac Poonen | This sermon delves into the stories and lessons from the 2nd book of Kings, highlighting the different kings who ruled Israel and Judah, the consequences of their actions, the impo |