2 Kings 23:36
2 Kings 23:36 in Multiple Translations
Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. His mother’s name was Zebidah daughter of Pedaiah; she was from Rumah.
¶ Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Zebudah, the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.
Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem: and his mother’s name was Zebidah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.
Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king; he was ruling in Jerusalem for eleven years; his mother's name was Zebidah, the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.
Jehoiakim was twenty-five when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem for eleven years. His mother's name was Zebidah, daughter of Pedaiah She came from Rumah.
Iehoiakim was fiue and twentie yere olde, when he began to reigne, and he reigned eleuen yeeres in Ierusalem. His mothers name also was Zebudah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.
A son of twenty and five years [is] Jehoiakim in his reigning, and eleven years he hath reigned in Jerusalem, and the name of his mother [is] Zebudah daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah,
Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Zebidah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.
Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Zebudah, the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.
Joakim was five and twenty years old when he began to reign: and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem: the name of his mother was Zebida the daughter of Phadaia of Ruma.
Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became the king of Judah, and he ruled from Jerusalem for eleven years. His mother was Zebidah, the daughter of Pedaiah from Rumah town.
Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Kings 23:36
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
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2 Kings 23:36 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
בֶּן
עֶשְׂרִ֨ים
וְ/חָמֵ֤שׁ
שָׁנָ֨ה
יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים
בְּ/מָלְכ֔/וֹ
וְ/אַחַ֤ת
עֶשְׂרֵה֙
שָׁנָ֔ה
מָלַ֖ךְ
בִּ/ירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם
וְ/שֵׁ֣ם
אִמּ֔/וֹ
זבידה
זְבוּדָּ֥ה
בַת
פְּדָיָ֖ה
מִן
רוּמָֽה
בֶּן
bên
H1121
son
N-ms
עֶשְׂרִ֨ים
ʻesrîym
H6242
twenty
Adj
וְ/חָמֵ֤שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
five
Conj | Adj
שָׁנָ֨ה
shâneh
H8141
year
N-fs
יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים
Yᵉhôwyâqîym
H3079
Jehoiakim
N-proper
בְּ/מָלְכ֔/וֹ
mâlak
H4427
to reign
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a | Suff
וְ/אַחַ֤ת
ʼechâd
H259
one
Conj | Adj
עֶשְׂרֵה֙
ʻâsâr
H6240
ten
Adj
שָׁנָ֔ה
shâneh
H8141
year
N-fs
מָלַ֖ךְ
mâlak
H4427
to reign
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
בִּ/ירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם
Yᵉrûwshâlaim
H3389
Jerusalem
Prep | N-proper
וְ/שֵׁ֣ם
shêm
H8034
name
Conj | N-ms
אִמּ֔/וֹ
ʼêm
H517
mother
N-fs | Suff
זבידה
Zᵉbîydâh
H2080
Zebidah
N-proper
זְבוּדָּ֥ה
Zᵉbîydâh
H2080
Zebidah
N-proper
בַת
bath
H1323
Bath (Shua)
N-fs
פְּדָיָ֖ה
Pᵉdâyâh
H6305
Pedaiah
N-proper
מִן
min
H4480
from
Prep
רוּמָֽה
Rûwmâh
H7316
Rumah
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Kings 23:36
בֶּן
bên
H1121
"son"
N-ms
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
עֶשְׂרִ֨ים
ʻesrîym
H6242
"twenty"
Adj
This word means twenty, and is also used as an ordinal number, like twentieth, as seen in Genesis 31:38. It can refer to a specific age or quantity.
Definition: twenty, twentieth Aramaic equivalent: es.rin (עֶשְׂרִין "twenty" H6243)
Usage: Occurs in 281 OT verses. KJV: (six-) score, twenty(-ieth). See also: Genesis 6:3; 1 Kings 9:14; Ezra 2:19.
וְ/חָמֵ֤שׁ
châmêsh
H2568
"five"
Conj | Adj
This Hebrew word simply means the number five. It is used throughout the Bible to describe quantities of five, such as five loaves of bread in Matthew 14:17. It can also mean a multiple of five.
Definition: 1) five 1a) five (cardinal number) 1b) a multiple of five (with another number) 1c) fifth (ordinal number)
Usage: Occurs in 272 OT verses. KJV: fif(-teen), fifth, five ([idiom] apiece). See also: Genesis 5:6; Numbers 31:45; Ezra 2:66.
שָׁנָ֨ה
shâneh
H8141
"year"
N-fs
This word also means a year, like when Abraham was 100 years old in Genesis 21. It is used to describe a period of time, age, or a lifetime.
Definition: 1) year 1a) as division of time 1b) as measure of time 1c) as indication of age 1d) a lifetime (of years of life) Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Usage: Occurs in 647 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). See also: Genesis 1:14; Genesis 47:28; Numbers 7:35.
יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים
Yᵉhôwyâqîym
H3079
"Jehoiakim"
N-proper
Jehoiakim means Jehovah raises up, and was a king of Judah, son of Josiah, who is mentioned in 2 Kings 23:34 and Jeremiah 27:1.
Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.23.34; son of: Josiah (H2977) and Zebidah (H2080); half-brother of: Jehoahaz (H3059H), Zedekiah (H6667H) and Shallum (H7967J); married to Nehushta (H5179); father of: Jehoiachin (H3078); also called Zedekiah at Jer.27.1; Eliakim at 2Ki.23.34; 1x Also named: el.ya.qim (אֶלְיָקִים "Eliakim" H0471I) § Jehoiakim = "Jehovah raises up" son of Josiah and the third from the last king of Judah; subject vassel of Nebuchadnezzar who reigned for 11 years before he died a violent death either in combat or by the hands of his own subjects
Usage: Occurs in 37 OT verses. KJV: Jehoiakim. Compare H3113 (יוֹיָקִים). See also: 2 Kings 23:34; Jeremiah 26:21; Jeremiah 1:3.
בְּ/מָלְכ֔/וֹ
mâlak
H4427
"to reign"
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a | Suff
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
וְ/אַחַ֤ת
ʼechâd
H259
"one"
Conj | Adj
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means one or united, and is used to describe something that is single or unique. It is often translated as one, first, or alone. For example, in Genesis 1:5, God calls the light day and the darkness night, and separates them into one thing from another.
Definition: 1) one (number) 1a) one (number) 1b) each, every 1c) a certain 1d) an (indefinite article) 1e) only, once, once for all 1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one 1g) first 1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)
Usage: Occurs in 739 OT verses. KJV: a, alike, alone, altogether, and, any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-) ly, each (one), [phrase] eleven, every, few, first, [phrase] highway, a man, once, one, only, other, some, together, See also: Genesis 1:5; Exodus 36:26; Numbers 7:70.
עֶשְׂרֵה֙
ʻâsâr
H6240
"ten"
Adj
In Hebrew, this word means ten, and is used to form numbers like eleven or thirteen, as seen in Genesis 31:41. It is always used in combination with other numbers.
Definition: 1) ten, -teen (in combination with other numbers) 1a) used only in combination to make the numbers 11-19
Usage: Occurs in 292 OT verses. KJV: (eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-, six-, thir-) teen(-th), [phrase] eleven(-th), [phrase] sixscore thousand, [phrase] twelve(-th). See also: Genesis 5:8; Joshua 21:7; 1 Chronicles 25:27.
שָׁנָ֔ה
shâneh
H8141
"year"
N-fs
This word also means a year, like when Abraham was 100 years old in Genesis 21. It is used to describe a period of time, age, or a lifetime.
Definition: 1) year 1a) as division of time 1b) as measure of time 1c) as indication of age 1d) a lifetime (of years of life) Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Usage: Occurs in 647 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). See also: Genesis 1:14; Genesis 47:28; Numbers 7:35.
מָלַ֖ךְ
mâlak
H4427
"to reign"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
בִּ/ירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם
Yᵉrûwshâlaim
H3389
"Jerusalem"
Prep | N-proper
Jerusalem is the capital city of Palestine, also known as the city of peace. It was the chief city of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split.
Definition: § Jerusalem = "teaching of peace" the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split
Usage: Occurs in 600 OT verses. KJV: Jerusalem. See also: Joshua 10:1; 2 Kings 22:14; 2 Chronicles 24:6.
וְ/שֵׁ֣ם
shêm
H8034
"name"
Conj | N-ms
In the Bible, a name represents a person's identity, honor, and character, like God's name symbolizing His power and authority. It appears in Genesis and other books, often referring to God's name or a person's reputation. This concept is central to understanding biblical identity.
Definition: 1) name 1a) name 1b) reputation, fame, glory 1c) the Name (as designation of God) 1d) memorial, monument Aramaic equivalent: shum (שֻׁם "name" H8036)
Usage: Occurs in 771 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] base, (in-) fame(-ous), named(-d), renown, report. See also: Genesis 2:11; Exodus 3:15; Deuteronomy 16:6.
אִמּ֔/וֹ
ʼêm
H517
"mother"
N-fs | Suff
The Hebrew word for 'mother' is used in the Bible to describe a female parent or a maternal figure. It can also refer to the source or origin of something, such as a river or a family. In some cases, it is used figuratively to describe a person's relationship to others.
Definition: 1) mother 1a) of humans 1b) of Deborah's relationship to the people (fig.) 1c) of animals 2) point of departure or division
Usage: Occurs in 202 OT verses. KJV: dam, mother, [idiom] parting. See also: Genesis 2:24; 2 Kings 4:19; Psalms 22:10.
זבידה
Zᵉbîydâh
H2080
"Zebidah"
N-proper
Zebidah was an Israelite woman who lived during the Divided Monarchy, she was the wife of King Josiah and mother of King Jehoiakim. She is mentioned in 2 Kings 23:36. Zebidah means given in Hebrew.
Definition: A woman living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 2Ki.23.36; daughter of: Pedaiah (H6305); married to Josiah (H2977); mother of: Jehoiakim (H3079) § Zebudah = "given" wife of Josiah and mother of Jehoiakim, both kings of Judah
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Zebudah. See also: 2 Kings 23:36.
זְבוּדָּ֥ה
Zᵉbîydâh
H2080
"Zebidah"
N-proper
Zebidah was an Israelite woman who lived during the Divided Monarchy, she was the wife of King Josiah and mother of King Jehoiakim. She is mentioned in 2 Kings 23:36. Zebidah means given in Hebrew.
Definition: A woman living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 2Ki.23.36; daughter of: Pedaiah (H6305); married to Josiah (H2977); mother of: Jehoiakim (H3079) § Zebudah = "given" wife of Josiah and mother of Jehoiakim, both kings of Judah
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Zebudah. See also: 2 Kings 23:36.
בַת
bath
H1323
"Bath (Shua)"
N-fs
The Hebrew word for daughter is used to describe a female child or a woman, and can also be used figuratively. In the Bible, it is used to describe women like Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah and later of King David.
Definition: A woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.38.2; daughter of: Shua (H7770); married to Judah (H3063); mother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956) the wife of Uriah whom David had murdered, having had adulterous relations with her; subsequently wife of David and mother of Solomon, Shimea, Shobab, and Nathan (alternate spelling to 'Bathsheba')
Usage: Occurs in 498 OT verses. KJV: apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter, [idiom] first, [idiom] old, [phrase] owl, town, village. See also: Genesis 5:4; Exodus 2:21; Ruth 1:13.
פְּדָיָ֖ה
Pᵉdâyâh
H6305
"Pedaiah"
N-proper
Pedaiah means Jehovah has ransomed, the name of several Israelites, including the father of Zerubbabel and a father-in-law of king Josiah.
Definition: A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Neh.13.13 § Pedaiah = "Jehovah has ransomed" 1) father of Zebudah, the wife of king Josiah and the mother of king Jehoiakim both of Judah 2) father of Zerubbabel and brother of Shealtiel who is usually called the father of Zerubbabel probably because of a lack of an heir from Shealtiel who was in the direct line of succession
Usage: Occurs in 8 OT verses. KJV: Pedaiah. See also: 2 Kings 23:36; Nehemiah 3:25; Nehemiah 13:13.
מִן
min
H4480
"from"
Prep
This Hebrew word means a portion or part of something, and is often used to show the relationship between things, like from or out of something.
Definition: prep 1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than 1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of 1b) out of 1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling) 1b2) (of material from which something is made) 1b3) (of source or origin) 1c) out of, some of, from (partitively) 1d) from, since, after (of time) 1e) than, more than (in comparison) 1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or 1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons) 1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive) conj 2) that Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)
Usage: Occurs in 1094 OT verses. KJV: above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason of), from (among), in, [idiom] neither, [idiom] nor, (out) of, over, since, [idiom] then, through, [idiom] whether, with. See also: Genesis 2:6; Exodus 16:32; Leviticus 14:26.
רוּמָֽה
Rûwmâh
H7316
"Rumah"
N-proper
Rumah is a place in Palestine, mentioned in the Bible as the home of the grandfather of king Jehoiakim of Judah, its name meaning height.
Definition: Rumah = "height" home of the grandfather of king Jehoiakim of Judah Another name of a.ru.mah (אֲרוּמָה "Arumah" H0725)
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Rumah. See also: 2 Kings 23:36.
Study Notes — 2 Kings 23:36
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 2 Kings 23:36 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 2 Kings 23:36
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Kings 23:36
- Trapp's Commentary on 2 Kings 23:36
- Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Kings 23:36
- Cambridge Bible on 2 Kings 23:36
- Barnes' Notes on 2 Kings 23:36
- Whedon's Commentary on 2 Kings 23:36
Context — Jehoiakim Reigns in Judah
34Then Pharaoh Neco made Eliakim son of Josiah king in place of his father Josiah, and he changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But Neco took Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt, where he died.
35So Jehoiakim paid the silver and gold to Pharaoh Neco, but to meet Pharaoh’s demand he taxed the land and exacted the silver and the gold from the people, each according to his wealth.
36Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. His mother’s name was Zebidah daughter of Pedaiah; she was from Rumah.
37And he did evil in the sight of the LORD, just as his fathers had done.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Chronicles 36:5 | Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. And he did evil in the sight of the LORD his God. |
| 2 | Jeremiah 26:1 | At the beginning of the reign of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah, this word came from the LORD: |
| 3 | 1 Chronicles 3:15 | The sons of Josiah: Johanan was the firstborn, Jehoiakim the second, Zedekiah the third, and Shallum the fourth. |
| 4 | Jeremiah 1:3 | and through the days of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah, until the fifth month of the eleventh year of Zedekiah son of Josiah king of Judah, when the people of Jerusalem went into exile. |
2 Kings 23:36 Summary
[This verse tells us about Jehoiakim, a king of Judah, who was twenty-five years old when he started ruling and reigned for eleven years. His mother was Zebidah, daughter of Pedaiah from Rumah. This information gives us a brief look into his life before he became king. As we read in the next verse, Jehoiakim did evil in the sight of the Lord, which reminds us of the importance of living according to God's will, as taught in Deuteronomy 6:15 and Jeremiah 22:13.]
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Jehoiakim and how old was he when he became king?
Jehoiakim was a king of Judah, and according to 2 Kings 23:36, he was twenty-five years old when he became king, as appointed by Pharaoh Neco in 2 Kings 23:34.
What can we learn about Jehoiakim's family from this verse?
From 2 Kings 23:36, we learn that Jehoiakim's mother's name was Zebidah, and she was the daughter of Pedaiah from Rumah, giving us a glimpse into his family background.
How long did Jehoiakim reign as king?
As stated in 2 Kings 23:36, Jehoiakim reigned in Jerusalem for eleven years, a period marked by his actions in the sight of the Lord, as mentioned in 2 Kings 23:37.
What does this verse reveal about Jehoiakim's character?
While 2 Kings 23:36 provides factual information about Jehoiakim, his character is further revealed in the next verse, 2 Kings 23:37, which states he did evil in the sight of the Lord, similar to his fathers, as seen in other parts of the Bible like Deuteronomy 6:15 and Jeremiah 22:13.
Reflection Questions
- What can I learn from Jehoiakim's age and experience when he became king about my own leadership roles or responsibilities?
- How does knowing the names and backgrounds of biblical figures like Zebidah and Pedaiah help me understand the humanity and family dynamics in scripture?
- In what ways can I apply the principle of being mindful of my actions and their impact, as Jehoiakim's actions were noted in the sight of the Lord?
- How can reflecting on Jehoiakim's reign and its outcome help me consider the consequences of my choices and the importance of following God's will as seen in Proverbs 3:5-6?
Gill's Exposition on 2 Kings 23:36
Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign,.... And therefore must be two years older than his brother Jehoahaz, who was deposed: and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem; and
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Kings 23:36
When he began to reign; either, 1. When he began to reign alone, and with full power, or after Jehoahaz’ s death; till which the people would not disown him whom they had anointed king, which was esteemed a great tie, ; nor own or accept Jehoiakim as their king, but only as his brother’ s viceroy, though Pharaoh had by violence forced him upon them. And so Jehoahaz might be his elder brother, and the same who is called Johanan, and is first mentioned, as the eldest son, , though he may be placed first not in regard of his birth, but of his dignity, the crown being first put upon his head. Or, 2. When he was first set up by Pharaoh; and so this was the elder brother, though by popular violence put by his right: See Poole "".
Trapp's Commentary on 2 Kings 23:36
2 Kings 23:36 Jehoiakim [was] twenty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother’ s name [was] Zebudah, the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.Ver. 36. Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old.] See on 2 Kings 23:31.
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Kings 23:36
THE REIGN OF (2 Kings 23:35 to 2 Kings 24:7). (35) And Jehoiakim gave.—And the silver and the gold did Jehoiakim give . . . He had to pay for his elevation. The raising of the fine of 2 Kings 23:33 is described in this verse. But he taxed . . .—The king kept his pledge to Pharaoh, but not out of his own means. He exacted the money from “the people of the land,” i.e., the people of all classes, levying a fixed contribution even upon the poorest of his subjects. As in 2 Kings 11:14; 2 Kings 14:21; 2 Kings 21:24, Thenius insists that “the people of the land” are the national militia, and he renders: “he exacted the silver and the gold, along with (i.e., by the help of) the people of the land.” But this is, to say the least, very questionable. (See Note on 2 Kings 11:14.) (36) He reigned eleven years.—Not eleven full years. (Comp. Jeremiah 25:1 with 2 Kings 24:12; and Jeremiah 3 with 2 Kings 25:8.) His mother’s name was Zebudah.—So the Hebrew margin and Targum.
Hebrew text, Syriac, Vulg., Arabic, Zebidah. Zebadiah may have been the real name. The mother of Jehoahaz was Hamutal (2 Kings 23:31). Thus Josiah had at least two wives, and probably more. (Comp. 2 Kings 24:15.) He could not have been over fourteen when he begot Jehoiakim. Rumah.—Perhaps Arumah, near Shechem (Judges 9:41), as Josephus has Abumah. This is interesting as a slight indication that Josiah’s power extended over the territory of the former kingdom of Samaria. (37) He did that which was evil . . .—Jeremiah represents him as luxurious, covetous, and violent (Jeremiah 22:13 seq.). He murdered Urijah a prophet (Jeremiah 26:20 seq.). Ewald thinks that he introduced Egyptian animal-worship (Ezekiel 8:7 seq.), which is rendered highly probable by his relation of dependence on Necho.
(Comp. the introduction of Assyrian star-worship under Ahaz.)
Cambridge Bible on 2 Kings 23:36
36. His mother’s name was Zebudah] R.V. Zebidah. The R.V. follows the spelling of the Kethib. The name Rumah, the native place of Zebidah, is not mentioned elsewhere. It has been conjectured that it is the same as Dumah (γ and ψ being in Hebrew writing most easily interchanged). Dumah (Joshua 15:52) was in the hill country of Judah, near Hebron, from which neighbourhood (viz. Libnah) another of Josiah’s wives came. The R at the beginning is however represented by the LXX., which has Ῥουμά.
Barnes' Notes on 2 Kings 23:36
Twenty and five years old - Jehoiakim was therefore two years older than his half-brother, Jehoahaz 2 Kings 23:31.
Whedon's Commentary on 2 Kings 23:36
REIGN OF , 2 Kings 23:36 to 2 Kings 24:7. 36. Twenty and five years old — About two years older than Jehoahaz. Compare 2 Kings 23:31.