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1 Samuel 1:16

1 Samuel 1:16 in Multiple Translations

Do not take your servant for a wicked woman; for all this time I have been praying out of the depth of my anguish and grief.”

Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto.

Count not thy handmaid for a wicked woman; for out of the abundance of my complaint and my provocation have I spoken hitherto.

Do not take your servant to be a good-for-nothing woman: for my words have come from my stored-up sorrow and pain.

Please don't think I'm a bad woman! I have been praying because of all my troubles and grief.”

Count not thine handmaide for a wicked woman: for of the abundance of my complaint and my griefe haue I spoken hitherto.

put not thy handmaid before a daughter of worthlessness, for from the abundance of my meditation, and of my provocation, I have spoken hitherto.'

Don’t consider your servant a wicked woman; for I have been speaking out of the abundance of my complaint and my provocation.”

Count not thy handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto.

Count not thy handmaid for one of the daughters of Belial: for out of the abundance of my sorrow and grief have I spoken till now.

Do not think that I am a worthless/wicked woman! I have been praying like this because I am very distressed [DOU].”

Please don’t call me no good. I am properly sad. I want God to help me.”

Study Highlights

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Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Samuel 1:16

BAB
Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

1 Samuel 1:16 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
HEB אַל תִּתֵּן֙ אֶת אֲמָ֣תְ/ךָ֔ לִ/פְנֵ֖י בַּת בְּלִיָּ֑עַל כִּֽי מֵ/רֹ֥ב שִׂיחִ֛/י וְ/כַעְסִ֖/י דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי עַד הֵֽנָּה
אַל ʼal H408 not Part
תִּתֵּן֙ nâthan H5414 to give V-Qal-Juss-2ms
אֶת ʼêth H853 Obj. DirObjM
אֲמָ֣תְ/ךָ֔ ʼâmâh H519 maidservant N-fs | Suff
לִ/פְנֵ֖י pânîym H6440 face Prep | N-cp
בַּת bath H1323 Bath (Shua) N-fs
בְּלִיָּ֑עַל bᵉlîyaʻal H1100 Belial N-ms
כִּֽי kîy H3588 for Conj
מֵ/רֹ֥ב rôb H7230 abundance Prep | N-cs
שִׂיחִ֛/י sîyach H7879 complaint N-ms | Suff
וְ/כַעְסִ֖/י kaʻaç H3708 vexation Conj | N-ms | Suff
דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי dâbar H1696 to speak V-Piel-Perf-1cs
עַד ʻad H5704 till Prep
הֵֽנָּה hênnâh H2008 here/thus Adv
Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Samuel 1:16

אַל ʼal H408 "not" Part
Means not or nothing, used to express negation, as in the phrase do not or let not be.
Definition: 1) not, no, nor, neither, nothing (as wish or preference) 1a) do not, let not (with a verb) 1b) let there not be (with a verb understood) 1c) not, no (with substantive) 1d) nothing (as substantive) Aramaic equivalent: al (אַל "not" H0409)
Usage: Occurs in 572 OT verses. KJV: nay, neither, [phrase] never, no, nor, not, nothing (worth), rather than. See also: Genesis 13:8; Joshua 11:6; 1 Chronicles 22:13.
תִּתֵּן֙ nâthan H5414 "to give" V-Qal-Juss-2ms
This word means to give, put, or set something, with a wide range of applications. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, describing God's actions and human interactions. The word is used to convey giving, selling, or exchanging something.
Definition: : give/deliver/send/produce 1) to give, put, set 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend 1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate 1a3) to make, constitute 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned 1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up 1c2) to be put upon
Usage: Occurs in 1816 OT verses. KJV: add, apply, appoint, ascribe, assign, [idiom] avenge, [idiom] be (healed), bestow, bring (forth, hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, [phrase] cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, [idiom] doubtless, [idiom] without fail, fasten, frame, [idiom] get, give (forth, over, up), grant, hang (up), [idiom] have, [idiom] indeed, lay (unto charge, up), (give) leave, lend, let (out), [phrase] lie, lift up, make, [phrase] O that, occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, [idiom] pull, put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send (out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), [phrase] sing, [phrase] slander, strike, (sub-) mit, suffer, [idiom] surely, [idiom] take, thrust, trade, turn, utter, [phrase] weep, [phrase] willingly, [phrase] withdraw, [phrase] would (to) God, yield. See also: Genesis 1:17; Genesis 40:21; Exodus 30:12.
אֶת ʼêth H853 "Obj." DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
אֲמָ֣תְ/ךָ֔ ʼâmâh H519 "maidservant" N-fs | Suff
A maidservant is a female slave or servant, like the ones mentioned in the stories of Abraham and Sarah in the book of Genesis.
Definition: 1) maid-servant, female slave, maid, handmaid, concubine 1a) of humility (fig.)
Usage: Occurs in 49 OT verses. KJV: (hand-) bondmaid(-woman), maid(-servant). See also: Genesis 20:17; Judges 9:18; Psalms 86:16.
לִ/פְנֵ֖י pânîym H6440 "face" Prep | N-cp
This word means face or presence, like being in front of someone or something. It's used in many contexts, like in Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to describe interactions and relationships.
Definition: : face 1) face 1a) face, faces 1b) presence, person 1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim) 1d) face (of animals) 1e) face, surface (of ground) 1f) as adv of loc/temp 1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before 1g) with prep 1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
Usage: Occurs in 1891 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, [idiom] him(-self), [phrase] honourable, [phrase] impudent, [phrase] in, it, look(-eth) (-s), [idiom] me, [phrase] meet, [idiom] more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), [idiom] on, open, [phrase] out of, over against, the partial, person, [phrase] please, presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, [phrase] regard, right forth, [phrase] serve, [idiom] shewbread, sight, state, straight, [phrase] street, [idiom] thee, [idiom] them(-selves), through ([phrase] -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), [phrase] upon, upside ([phrase] down), with(-in, [phrase] -stand), [idiom] ye, [idiom] you. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 43:31; Exodus 30:16.
בַּת bath H1323 "Bath (Shua)" N-fs
The Hebrew word for daughter is used to describe a female child or a woman, and can also be used figuratively. In the Bible, it is used to describe women like Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah and later of King David.
Definition: A woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.38.2; daughter of: Shua (H7770); married to Judah (H3063); mother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956) the wife of Uriah whom David had murdered, having had adulterous relations with her; subsequently wife of David and mother of Solomon, Shimea, Shobab, and Nathan (alternate spelling to 'Bathsheba')
Usage: Occurs in 498 OT verses. KJV: apple (of the eye), branch, company, daughter, [idiom] first, [idiom] old, [phrase] owl, town, village. See also: Genesis 5:4; Exodus 2:21; Ruth 1:13.
בְּלִיָּ֑עַל bᵉlîyaʻal H1100 "Belial" N-ms
Belial refers to something or someone worthless or wicked, often translated as evil or ungodly. It describes people or actions that are good for nothing and lead to destruction.
Definition: : worthless 1) worthlessness 1a) worthless, good for nothing, unprofitable, base fellow 1b) wicked 1c) ruin, destruction (construct) Also means: be.liy.ya.al (בְּלִיַּ֫עַל ": destruction" H1100H)
Usage: Occurs in 26 OT verses. KJV: Belial, evil, naughty, ungodly (men), wicked. See also: Deuteronomy 13:14; 2 Samuel 23:6; Psalms 18:5.
כִּֽי kîy H3588 "for" Conj
A conjunction used to show cause or connection, as in Genesis 2:23 where Adam says the woman is bone of his bone because she was taken out of him. It is often translated as 'for', 'because', or 'since'.
Definition: 1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since 1a) that 1a1) yea, indeed 1b) when (of time) 1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force) 1c) because, since (causal connection) 1d) but (after negative) 1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if 1f) but rather, but 1g) except that 1h) only, nevertheless 1i) surely 1j) that is 1k) but if 1l) for though 1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
Usage: Occurs in 3910 OT verses. KJV: and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet. See also: Genesis 1:4; Genesis 26:16; Genesis 42:15.
מֵ/רֹ֥ב rôb H7230 "abundance" Prep | N-cs
Describes abundance or greatness in the Bible, used to talk about God's power and creation in Psalms and Isaiah.
Definition: 1) multitude, abundance, greatness 1a) multitude 1a1) abundance, abundantly 1a2) numerous 1b) greatness
Usage: Occurs in 145 OT verses. KJV: abundance(-antly), all, [idiom] common (sort), excellent, great(-ly, -ness, number), huge, be increased, long, many, more in number, most, much, multitude, plenty(-ifully), [idiom] very (age). See also: Genesis 16:10; Job 32:7; Psalms 5:8.
שִׂיחִ֛/י sîyach H7879 "complaint" N-ms | Suff
In the Bible, this word refers to a complaint or a thought that someone expresses, like a prayer or a concern, often used in the Psalms to describe the writer's emotions.
Definition: 1) meditation, complaint, musing 1a) plaint, complaint 1b) following are uncertain 1b1) musing 1b2) anxiety, trouble 1b3) talk
Usage: Occurs in 14 OT verses. KJV: babbling, communication, complaint, meditation, prayer, talk. See also: 1 Samuel 1:16; Job 23:2; Psalms 55:3.
וְ/כַעְסִ֖/י kaʻaç H3708 "vexation" Conj | N-ms | Suff
This noun refers to the feeling of anger or frustration, like in Deuteronomy 32 where it describes God's vexation with the Israelites. It can also mean grief or provocation. It's a strong negative emotion.
Definition: anger, vexation Also means: ka.as (כַּ֫עַשׂ "vexation" H3708B)
Usage: Occurs in 25 OT verses. KJV: anger, angry, grief, indignation, provocation, provoking, [idiom] sore, sorrow, spite, wrath. See also: Deuteronomy 32:19; Psalms 10:14; Psalms 6:8.
דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי dâbar H1696 "to speak" V-Piel-Perf-1cs
To speak or communicate, like God speaking to Moses in Exodus or a king commanding his people. It can also mean to promise or warn someone.
Definition: : speak/tell/command 1) to speak, declare, converse, command, promise, warn, threaten, sing 1a) (Qal) to speak 1b) (Niphal) to speak with one another, talk 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to speak 1c2) to promise 1d) (Pual) to be spoken 1e) (Hithpael) to speak 1f) (Hiphil) to lead away, put to flight
Usage: Occurs in 1049 OT verses. KJV: answer, appoint, bid, command, commune, declare, destroy, give, name, promise, pronounce, rehearse, say, speak, be spokesman, subdue, talk, teach, tell, think, use (entreaties), utter, [idiom] well, [idiom] work. See also: Genesis 8:15; Exodus 12:25; Leviticus 23:9.
עַד ʻad H5704 "till" Prep
This Hebrew word means until or as far as, describing a point in time or space. It's used in the Bible to set boundaries or limits, like in Exodus when describing the Israelites' journey.
Definition: prep 1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as 1a) of space 1a1) as far as, up to, even to 1b) in combination 1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from) 1c) of time 1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end 1d) of degree 1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like conj 2) until, while, to the point that, so that even Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
Usage: Occurs in 1128 OT verses. KJV: against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, [phrase] how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ([phrase] as) yet. See also: Genesis 3:19; Exodus 32:20; Numbers 23:24.
הֵֽנָּה hênnâh H2008 "here/thus" Adv
This Hebrew word means a location or direction, like here or there, and can also refer to a point in time, such as now. It is used in various contexts, including Genesis and Psalms. The KJV translates it as 'here' or 'hither'.
Definition: here, there, now, hither
Usage: Occurs in 42 OT verses. KJV: here, hither(-to), now, on this (that) side, [phrase] since, this (that) way, thitherward, [phrase] thus far, to...fro, [phrase] yet. See also: Genesis 15:16; 2 Samuel 20:16; Psalms 71:17.

Study Notes — 1 Samuel 1:16

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 1 Samuel 2:12 Now the sons of Eli were wicked men; they had no regard for the LORD
2 Job 6:2–3 “If only my grief could be weighed and placed with my calamity on the scales. For then it would outweigh the sand of the seas— no wonder my words have been rash.
3 Matthew 12:34–35 You brood of vipers, how can you who are evil say anything good? For out of the overflow of the heart, the mouth speaks. The good man brings good things out of his good store of treasure, and the evil man brings evil things out of his evil store of treasure.
4 Job 10:1–2 “I loathe my own life; I will express my complaint and speak in the bitterness of my soul. I will say to God: Do not condemn me! Let me know why You prosecute me.
5 Deuteronomy 13:13 that wicked men have arisen from among you and have led the people of their city astray, saying, “Let us go and serve other gods” (which you have not known),
6 1 Samuel 10:27 But some worthless men said, “How can this man save us?” So they despised him and brought him no gifts; but Saul remained silent about it.
7 1 Samuel 25:25 My lord should pay no attention to this scoundrel Nabal, for he lives up to his name: His name means Fool, and folly accompanies him. I, your servant, did not see my lord’s young men whom you sent.

1 Samuel 1:16 Summary

[This verse shows Hannah explaining to Eli that she is not drunk, but rather praying deeply out of her pain and sorrow. She is being honest with Eli and with God, and this is an example of how we can also be truthful and vulnerable in our prayers, as encouraged in Psalms 62:8. By pouring out our hearts to God, we can find comfort and peace, even in difficult times, as promised in Matthew 11:28-30. Hannah's example teaches us to trust God and to persevere in prayer, even when we face challenges or misunderstandings.]

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did Hannah feel the need to defend herself to Eli?

Hannah felt the need to defend herself because Eli had misunderstood her actions, thinking she was drunk, when in reality she was pouring out her heart to God in prayer, as seen in 1 Samuel 1:14-15. This highlights the importance of clear communication and not jumping to conclusions, as warned in Proverbs 18:13.

What does it mean to pray out of the depth of anguish and grief?

Praying out of the depth of anguish and grief, as Hannah did, means to pray with intense emotional honesty and vulnerability, as described in Psalms 42:1-2, where the psalmist pours out his soul to God. This kind of prayer is a cry from the heart, expressing deep pain and sorrow, and seeking comfort and solace from God.

How does Hannah's response to Eli reflect her character?

Hannah's response to Eli reflects her character as a woman of faith, humility, and integrity, as she calmly and respectfully corrects Eli's misconception, as seen in 1 Samuel 1:15-16. This demonstrates her trust in God and her commitment to righteous living, as encouraged in Romans 12:17-21.

What can we learn from Hannah's example in this verse?

We can learn from Hannah's example the importance of perseverance in prayer, even in the face of misunderstanding or discouragement, as seen in Luke 18:1-8, where Jesus teaches the parable of the persistent widow. We can also learn the value of humility and gentle speech, as Hannah responds to Eli with respect and dignity, as advised in Ephesians 4:29-32.

Reflection Questions

  1. What are some areas in my life where I am experiencing anguish and grief, and how can I bring these concerns to God in prayer?
  2. How do I respond when others misunderstand me or my actions, and what can I learn from Hannah's example in this situation?
  3. What does it mean to 'pour out my soul' to God, as Hannah did, and how can I cultivate this kind of vulnerability and honesty in my own prayer life?
  4. How can I, like Hannah, trust God to hear and answer my prayers, even when I don't see immediate results or understanding from those around me?

Gill's Exposition on 1 Samuel 1:16

Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial,.... A yokeless, a lawless, impudent, and abandoned creature; one of the most wicked, vilest, and most profligate wretches; as she must be to come

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Samuel 1:16

Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been drunken. No JFB commentary on these verses.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Samuel 1:16

For a daughter of Belial; for such a wicked monster, as a drunken woman is. The oppression of my spirits hath forced me to speak, and that so liberally at this time, for the case of my sinking heart.

Trapp's Commentary on 1 Samuel 1:16

1 Samuel 1:16 Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto.Ver. 16. Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial.] That is, Of the devil, as all drunkards are confessedly. Behemoth lieth in the fens, which Gul. Parisiensis applieth to the devil dwelling in drunken hearts. See Luke 11:24. Oh that our carousers were persuaded, as Mohammed told his followers, that in every grape there dwelt a devil! For out of the abundance of my complaint and grief.] Not of wine, or any other inebriating liquor, whereof the Italians, besides wine, have many sorts: the most delicious they blasphemously call Lachrymae Christi. If Hannah were drunk at all, it was with her own tears, which she, poor soul, had drunk in great abundance.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Samuel 1:16

Verse 16. Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial] אל תתן את אמתך לפני בת בליעל al titten eth amathecha liphney bath Beliyael; 'Put not thy handmaiden before the faces of a daughter of Belial." "If I am a drunkard, and strive by the most execrable hypocrisy (praying in the house of God) to cover my iniquity, then I am the chief of the daughters of Belial." Or, "Give not thy handmaid to reproach) before the faces of the daughters of Belial." Several of these probably attended there for the purposes of prostitution and gain; for it is said, 1 Samuel 2:22, that Eli's sons lay with the women at the door of the tabernacle, though this may refer to the women who kept the door.

Cambridge Bible on 1 Samuel 1:16

16. a daughter of Belial] Rather, a worthless, or, wicked woman. Our translators have wrongly treated this word as a proper name in the historical books, but not elsewhere, though the alternative is generally given in the margin. It means worthlessness, and according to the usual Hebrew idiom a son or daughter of worthlessness signifies “a worthless man or woman,” and with positively bad sense, a lawless, ungodly, wicked person. If “naughty,” by which the word is rendered in Proverbs 6:12, had retained its archaic sense, it would be a fair equivalent. “Belial,” or more correctly “Beliar,” is used by St Paul in 2 Corinthians 6:15 as a name of Satan, the personification of all lawlessness and worthlessness. Milton naturally follows the E. V. in regarding Belial as the name of a spirit. “Belial, than whom a spirit more lewdFeel not from heaven, … to him no temple stood,Or altar smoked, yet who more oft than heIn temples and at altars, when the priestTurns atheist, as did Eli’s sons, who filledWith lust and violence the house of God.”Paradise Lost, I. 490, ff.grief] Lit. “provocation” (cp. 1 Samuel 1:6), or “vexation” as the consequence of provocation.

Whedon's Commentary on 1 Samuel 1:16

16. A daughter of Belial — The Hebrew word áìéòì, beliyaal, rendered as a proper name here and frequently elsewhere in the Old Testament, means worthlessness, lowness.

Sermons on 1 Samuel 1:16

SermonDescription
David Guzik (1 Samuel) Blessed Sons and Wicked Sons by David Guzik In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of Hannah and her dedication of her son Samuel to the Lord. He emphasizes the joy and praise that Hannah expresses in her prayer to
Samuel Logan Brengle Sins Against Chastity by Samuel Logan Brengle Samuel Logan Brengle addresses the serious nature of sins against chastity, contrasting the actions of Eli's sons with those of Samuel's sons. He argues that Eli's failure to restr
John Daniel Jones Speaking With the Authority of God by John Daniel Jones John Daniel Jones emphasizes the importance of character in wielding moral authority, highlighting that true power for God comes from being a person of God. He stresses that withou
J.C. Philpot The Heavenly Birth and Its Earthly Counterfeits by J.C. Philpot Joseph Philpot preaches about the rejection of Christ by His own people due to hypocrisy, self-righteousness, and worldliness, despite their outward religious practices. He emphasi
St. John Chrysostom Three Homilies on the Devil - Part 2 by St. John Chrysostom John Chrysostom preaches about the story of Adam and Job, highlighting the contrast between their responses to temptation and suffering. He emphasizes the importance of vigilance,
David Wilkerson Tame Your Tongue by David Wilkerson In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of taming one's tongue and the dangers of speaking evil. He compares the tongue to a treasure that can bring forth either goo
Zac Poonen (2006 Conference) 3.controlling Our Tongue by Zac Poonen This sermon emphasizes the importance of controlling our speech and the balance needed in various areas of our lives. It highlights the dangers of being imbalanced, focusing on sma

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