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1 Kings 18:3

1 Kings 18:3 in Multiple Translations

and Ahab summoned Obadiah, who was in charge of the palace. (Now Obadiah greatly feared the LORD,

And Ahab called Obadiah, which was the governor of his house. (Now Obadiah feared the LORD greatly:

And Ahab called Obadiah, who was over the household. (Now Obadiah feared Jehovah greatly:

And Ahab sent for Obadiah, the controller of the king's house. (Now Obadiah had the fear of the Lord before him greatly;

Ahab summoned Obadiah, the manager of his palace (Obadiah was a very sincere believer in the Lord.

And Ahab called Obadiah the gouernour of his house: (and Obadiah feared God greatly:

and Ahab calleth unto Obadiah, who [is] over the house — and Obadiah hath been fearing Jehovah greatly,

Ahab called Obadiah, who was over the household. (Now Obadiah feared the LORD greatly;

And Ahab called Obadiah who was the governor of his house. (Now Obadiah feared the LORD greatly:

And Achab called Abdias the governor of his house: now Abdias feared the Lord very much.

There was a man there named Obadiah. He was in charge of the king’s palace. He greatly revered Yahweh.

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Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Kings 18:3

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Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

1 Kings 18:3 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
HEB וַ/יִּקְרָ֣א אַחְאָ֔ב אֶל עֹבַדְיָ֖הוּ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל הַ/בָּ֑יִת וְ/עֹבַדְיָ֗הוּ הָיָ֥ה יָרֵ֛א אֶת יְהוָ֖ה מְאֹֽד
וַ/יִּקְרָ֣א qârâʼ H7121 to call Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
אַחְאָ֔ב ʼAchʼâb H256 Ahab N-proper
אֶל ʼêl H413 to(wards) Prep
עֹבַדְיָ֖הוּ ʻÔbadyâh H5662 Obadiah N-proper
אֲשֶׁ֣ר ʼăsher H834 which Rel
עַל ʻal H5921 upon Prep
הַ/בָּ֑יִת bayith H1004 place Art | N-ms
וְ/עֹבַדְיָ֗הוּ ʻÔbadyâh H5662 Obadiah Conj | N-proper
הָיָ֥ה hâyâh H1961 to be V-Qal-Perf-3ms
יָרֵ֛א yârêʼ H3373 afraid Adj
אֶת ʼêth H854 with Prep
יְהוָ֖ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 The Lord N-proper
מְאֹֽד mᵉʼôd H3966 much Adv
Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Kings 18:3

וַ/יִּקְרָ֣א qârâʼ H7121 "to call" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
This Hebrew word means to call out to someone or something, often by name. It's used in many situations, like calling for help or reading aloud. In Genesis, God calls out to Adam in the Garden.
Definition: : call_to/invite/entreat 1) to call, call out, recite, read, cry out, proclaim 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to call, cry, utter a loud sound 1a2) to call unto, cry (for help), call (with name of God) 1a3) to proclaim 1a4) to read aloud, read (to oneself), read 1a5) to summon, invite, call for, call and commission, appoint, call and endow 1a6) to call, name, give name to, call by 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to call oneself 1b2) to be called, be proclaimed, be read aloud, be summoned, be named 1c) (Pual) to be called, be named, be called out, be chosen
Usage: Occurs in 689 OT verses. KJV: bewray (self), that are bidden, call (for, forth, self, upon), cry (unto), (be) famous, guest, invite, mention, (give) name, preach, (make) proclaim(-ation), pronounce, publish, read, renowned, say. See also: Genesis 1:5; Genesis 49:1; Judges 1:26.
אַחְאָ֔ב ʼAchʼâb H256 "Ahab" N-proper
Ahab was a king of Israel who lived a long time ago. He was married to a queen named Jezebel and did many bad things. The prophet Jeremiah also wrote about a different man named Ahab.
Definition: A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at Jer.29.21; son of: Kolaiah (H6964H) § Ahab = "father's brother" 1) king of Israel, son of Omri, husband of Jezebel 2) false prophet executed by Nebuchadrezzar, time of Jeremiah
Usage: Occurs in 81 OT verses. KJV: Ahab. See also: 1 Kings 16:28; 1 Kings 22:40; Jeremiah 29:21.
אֶל ʼêl H413 "to(wards)" Prep
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Definition: 1) to, toward, unto (of motion) 2) into (limit is actually entered) 2a) in among 3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion) 4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character) 5) in addition to, to 6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of 7) according to (rule or standard) 8) at, by, against (of one's presence) 9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)
Usage: Occurs in 4205 OT verses. KJV: about, according to, after, against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and, by, concerning, for, from, [idiom] hath, in(-to), near, (out) of, over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether, with(-in). See also: Genesis 1:9; Genesis 21:14; Genesis 31:13.
עֹבַדְיָ֖הוּ ʻÔbadyâh H5662 "Obadiah" N-proper
Obadiah was a prophet who wrote one of the minor prophetic books, prophesying against Edom during the time of Exile and Return. His name means servant of Jehovah, and he is also the name of several other Israelites.
Definition: A prophet living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Oba.1.1 § Obadiah = "servant of Jehovah" 1) the 4th of the 12 minor prophets; nothing personal is known of him but it is probable that he was contemporary with Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel 1a) the prophetic book by him; prophesies against Edom 2) father of Ishmaiah, one of the chiefs of Zebulun in the time of David 3) a Merarite Levite overseer of the work of restoring the temple in the time of king Josiah of Judah 4) chief of the household of king Ahab of Israel; an devout worshipper of Jehovah who at risk to his own life hid over 100 prophets during the persecution of Jezebel 5) a descendant of David 6) a chief of the tribe of Issachar 7) a Benjamite, one of the 6 sons of Azel and a descendant of king Saul 8) a Levite, son of Shemaiah and a descendant of Jeduthun 9) a Gadite chief, the 2nd of the lion-faced Gadites who joined David at Ziklag 10) a prince of Judah in the time of king Jehoshaphat of Judah 11) a priest, son of Jehiel of the sons of Joab who returned from exile with Ezra 12) a gatekeeper in the time of Nehemiah 13) one of the men who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah 13a) perhaps the same as 12
Usage: Occurs in 19 OT verses. KJV: Obadiah. See also: 1 Kings 18:3; 1 Chronicles 9:16; Obadiah 1:1.
אֲשֶׁ֣ר ʼăsher H834 "which" Rel
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Definition: A: 1) (relative part.) 1a) which, who 1b) that which 2) (conj) 2a) that (in obj clause) 2b) when 2c) since 2d) as 2e) conditional if B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which 2) (adv) 2a) where 3) (conj) 3a) in that, inasmuch as 3b) on account of C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which 2) from (the place) where 3) from (the fact) that, since D: Kaph+ 1) (conj.), according as, as, when 1a) according to that which, according as, as 1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since 1c) with a temporal force: when
Usage: Occurs in 4440 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 20:9; Genesis 31:16.
עַל ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
הַ/בָּ֑יִת bayith H1004 "place" Art | N-ms
The Hebrew word for house refers to a dwelling place, including a family home, temple, or even the human body. It appears in various contexts, such as the temple in Jerusalem or the household of a family. In the Bible, it is often used to describe a place of worship or a family's living space.
Definition: nm place, origin, between
Usage: Occurs in 1712 OT verses. KJV: court, daughter, door, [phrase] dungeon, family, [phrase] forth of, [idiom] great as would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter) house(-hold), inside(-ward), palace, place, [phrase] prison, [phrase] steward, [phrase] tablet, temple, web, [phrase] within(-out). See also: Genesis 6:14; Exodus 8:5; Numbers 1:45.
וְ/עֹבַדְיָ֗הוּ ʻÔbadyâh H5662 "Obadiah" Conj | N-proper
Obadiah was a prophet who wrote one of the minor prophetic books, prophesying against Edom during the time of Exile and Return. His name means servant of Jehovah, and he is also the name of several other Israelites.
Definition: A prophet living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Oba.1.1 § Obadiah = "servant of Jehovah" 1) the 4th of the 12 minor prophets; nothing personal is known of him but it is probable that he was contemporary with Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel 1a) the prophetic book by him; prophesies against Edom 2) father of Ishmaiah, one of the chiefs of Zebulun in the time of David 3) a Merarite Levite overseer of the work of restoring the temple in the time of king Josiah of Judah 4) chief of the household of king Ahab of Israel; an devout worshipper of Jehovah who at risk to his own life hid over 100 prophets during the persecution of Jezebel 5) a descendant of David 6) a chief of the tribe of Issachar 7) a Benjamite, one of the 6 sons of Azel and a descendant of king Saul 8) a Levite, son of Shemaiah and a descendant of Jeduthun 9) a Gadite chief, the 2nd of the lion-faced Gadites who joined David at Ziklag 10) a prince of Judah in the time of king Jehoshaphat of Judah 11) a priest, son of Jehiel of the sons of Joab who returned from exile with Ezra 12) a gatekeeper in the time of Nehemiah 13) one of the men who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah 13a) perhaps the same as 12
Usage: Occurs in 19 OT verses. KJV: Obadiah. See also: 1 Kings 18:3; 1 Chronicles 9:16; Obadiah 1:1.
הָיָ֥ה hâyâh H1961 "to be" V-Qal-Perf-3ms
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Definition: 1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) --- 1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass 1a1b) to come about, come to pass 1a2) to come into being, become 1a2a) to arise, appear, come 1a2b) to become 1a2b1) to become 1a2b2) to become like 1a2b3) to be instituted, be established 1a3) to be 1a3a) to exist, be in existence 1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) 1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality) 1a3d) to accompany, be with 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about 1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
Usage: Occurs in 3131 OT verses. KJV: beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 17:4; Genesis 36:11.
יָרֵ֛א yârêʼ H3373 "afraid" Adj
This word describes someone who is afraid or fearful, and is also used to convey a sense of reverence or respect. It's often translated as 'afraid' in the KJV. In the Bible, it's used to describe people's reactions to God or scary situations.
Definition: fearing, reverent, afraid
Usage: Occurs in 54 OT verses. KJV: afraid, fear (-ful). See also: Genesis 22:12; Psalms 103:17; Psalms 15:4.
אֶת ʼêth H854 "with" Prep
This Hebrew preposition means 'with' or 'near', indicating a close relationship or physical proximity. It's used in Genesis 1:26 to describe God's relationship with humanity, and in many other places to show connection or closeness.
Definition: 1) with, near, together with 1a) with, together with 1b) with (of relationship) 1c) near (of place) 1d) with (poss.) 1e) from...with, from (with other prep)
Usage: Occurs in 787 OT verses. KJV: against, among, before, by, for, from, in(-to), (out) of, with. Often with another prepositional prefix. See also: Genesis 4:1; Genesis 42:32; Numbers 1:5.
יְהוָ֖ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 "The Lord" N-proper
Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.
Definition: Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Usage: Occurs in 5522 OT verses. KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה). See also: Genesis 2:4; Genesis 24:42; Exodus 8:8.
מְאֹֽד mᵉʼôd H3966 "much" Adv
Meod means 'much' or 'very' and is used to emphasize something. It can mean 'exceedingly' or 'greatly' and is often used to show strong feelings or actions.
Definition: adv 1) exceedingly, much subst 2) might, force, abundance n m 3) muchness, force, abundance, exceedingly 3a) force, might 3b) exceedingly, greatly, very (idioms showing magnitude or degree) 3b1) exceedingly 3b2) up to abundance, to a great degree, exceedingly 3b3) with muchness, muchness
Usage: Occurs in 278 OT verses. KJV: diligently, especially, exceeding(-ly), far, fast, good, great(-ly), [idiom] louder and louder, might(-ily, -y), (so) much, quickly, (so) sore, utterly, very ([phrase] much, sore), well. See also: Genesis 1:31; 1 Samuel 11:6; Psalms 6:4.

Study Notes — 1 Kings 18:3

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Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 Nehemiah 7:2 Then I put my brother Hanani in charge of Jerusalem, along with Hananiah the commander of the fortress, because he was a faithful man who feared God more than most.
2 1 Kings 16:9 However, while Elah was in Tirzah getting drunk in the house of Arza the steward of his household there, Elah’s servant Zimri, the commander of half his chariots, conspired against him.
3 Matthew 10:28 Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Instead, fear the One who can destroy both soul and body in hell.
4 2 Kings 4:1 Now the wife of one of the sons of the prophets cried out to Elisha, “Your servant, my husband, is dead, and you know that your servant feared the LORD. And now his creditor is coming to take my two children as his slaves!”
5 Genesis 39:4–5 Joseph found favor in his sight and became his personal attendant. Potiphar put him in charge of his household and entrusted him with everything he owned. From the time that he put Joseph in charge of his household and all he owned, the LORD blessed the Egyptian’s household on account of him. The LORD’s blessing was on everything he owned, both in his house and in his field.
6 Genesis 39:9 No one in this house is greater than I am. He has withheld nothing from me except you, because you are his wife. So how could I do such a great evil and sin against God?”
7 Proverbs 14:26 He who fears the LORD is secure in confidence, and his children shall have a place of refuge.
8 Acts 10:2 He and all his household were devout and God-fearing. He gave generously to the people and prayed to God regularly.
9 Genesis 24:10 Then the servant took ten of his master’s camels and departed with all manner of good things from his master in hand. And he set out for Nahor’s hometown in Aram-naharaim.
10 Acts 10:35 but welcomes those from every nation who fear Him and do what is right.

1 Kings 18:3 Summary

This verse tells us about a man named Obadiah who worked for King Ahab and greatly feared the Lord. Ahab called for Obadiah, who was in charge of the palace, to help with a big problem - a severe famine, similar to the one in Genesis 41:54. Obadiah's fear of the Lord is an important example for us, as it shows that even in difficult situations, we can trust in God's goodness and sovereignty, as seen in Romans 8:28. Just like Obadiah, we can demonstrate our fear of the Lord by obeying Him and respecting His power, as encouraged in Psalm 111:10.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who was Obadiah and why is he significant in this verse?

Obadiah was a man who greatly feared the Lord, as stated in 1 Kings 18:3, and he played a crucial role in hiding prophets of the Lord from Queen Jezebel's wrath, as seen in 1 Kings 18:4, similar to the way God protected His people in Exodus 2:2-10.

What does it mean that Obadiah greatly feared the Lord?

Fearing the Lord, as seen in 1 Kings 18:3, means having a deep respect and reverence for God, which is a foundational aspect of the Christian faith, as emphasized in Proverbs 1:7 and Psalm 111:10.

Why did Ahab summon Obadiah in this context?

Ahab summoned Obadiah, who was in charge of the palace, likely due to his administrative role and possibly to utilize his knowledge and resources to address the severe famine, as mentioned in 1 Kings 18:2, similar to how Joseph was used by Pharaoh in Genesis 41:34-36.

How does this verse relate to the broader story of Elijah and Ahab?

This verse sets the stage for the encounter between Elijah and Ahab, as Elijah had been instructed by the Lord to present himself to Ahab, as seen in 1 Kings 18:1, and Obadiah's role becomes significant in facilitating their meeting, highlighting the sovereignty of God in 1 Kings 18:1 and Romans 8:28.

Reflection Questions

  1. What are some ways I can demonstrate my fear of the Lord in my daily life, just like Obadiah?
  2. How can I, like Obadiah, use my position or influence to serve and protect God's people?
  3. What are some areas in my life where I need to trust in God's sovereignty, just as Elijah did when he presented himself to Ahab?
  4. In what ways can I show reverence and respect for God, just as Obadiah did, in my interactions with others and in my heart?

Gill's Exposition on 1 Kings 18:3

And Ahab called Obadiah, which was the governor of his house,.... Perhaps his steward: the Jews (m) take him to be Obadiah the prophet, who wrote the small prophecy that goes by his name: (now

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Kings 18:3

And Ahab called Obadiah, which was the governor of his house. (Now Obadiah feared the LORD greatly: Obadiah feared the Lord greatly.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Kings 18:3

Which was the governor of his house; being valued by Ahab for his great prudence and fidelity, and therefore indulged as to the worship of the calves and Baal. Obadiah feared the Lord greatly. Quest. How could he and some other Israelites be said to fear the Lord, when they did not go up to Jerusalem to worship, as God had commanded? Answ. Although they seem not to be wholly excusable in this neglect, because they should have preferred God’ s service before their worldly commodity, according to the good example of the priests and Levites, and the generality of the godly people who did so, ,16; yet because they worshipped God in spirit and truth, and performed all moral duties to God and their brethren, and abstained from idolatry, and being kept from Jerusalem by violence, they thought necessity and the apparent hazard of their lives would excuse them from ceremonial services; and God bare with their infirmity herein.

Trapp's Commentary on 1 Kings 18:3

1 Kings 18:3 And Ahab called Obadiah, which [was] the governor of [his] house. (Now Obadiah feared the LORD greatly:Ver. 3. And Ahab called Obadiah.] Who was neither the prophet Odadiah, as some have thought, nor that good captain over fifty, who begged his life of Elijah, but another, a good officer, under wicked Ahab; such as was also Jacob to Laban, Joseph to Pharaoh, Naaman to Benhadad, Mordecai to Ahashuerus, Nehemiah to Artaxerxes, some good people in Nero’ s house, Trajan to Valens, Cromwell to Henry VIII, &c. Now Obadiah feared God greatly.] And God bore with him, though he hazarded not his life and liberty for the legal ceremonies.

Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Kings 18:3

(3) Obadiah.—The name (“servant of Jehovah”) here corresponds to the character of the man. It is curiously significant of the hesitating and temporising attitude of Ahab, that, while Jezebel is suffered to persecute, a high officer in the court is able to profess openly the service of Jehovah, and secretly to thwart the cruelty of the queen. In his heart Ahab always seems to acknowledge the true God, but is overborne by the commanding and ruthless nature of Jezebel.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Kings 18:3

Verse 3. Obadiah feared the Lord greatly] He was a sincere and zealous worshipper of the true God, and his conduct towards the persecuted prophets was the full proof both of his piety and humanity.

Cambridge Bible on 1 Kings 18:3

3. Obadiah] The Hebrew word Obadjahu, signifies ‘servant of Jehovah,’ and is a frequent name in the Old Testament, the most conspicuous person so called being the prophet who was contemporary with Jeremiah. See Obadiah 1:1. which was the governor of his house] R.V. more literally, which was over the household. See above 1 Kings 16:9.

Barnes' Notes on 1 Kings 18:3

Obadiah’s name, “servant of Yahweh,” indicates his religious character. It corresponds to the modern Arabic name Abdallah.

Whedon's Commentary on 1 Kings 18:3

3. Governor of his house — Literally, Obadiah, who was over the house; lord-chamberlain of the palace, an officer of high rank and great influence in the kingdom.

Sermons on 1 Kings 18:3

SermonDescription
Shane Idleman God Is Merciful; Ready to Pardon by Shane Idleman Shane Idleman emphasizes God's mercy and readiness to pardon, drawing from Nehemiah's leadership in Jerusalem. He highlights the importance of faithfulness and reverence for God, a
Paul Washer What Is Real Christianity? by Paul Washer In this sermon, the preacher passionately delivers the gospel of Jesus Christ, urging the listeners to repent and turn to God. He emphasizes the fallen nature of humanity, using ex
K.P. Yohannan 2 Corinthians Teaching - God Who Raises the Dead by K.P. Yohannan K.P. Yohannan discusses the profound motivations behind Christian ministry as illustrated in 2 Corinthians, emphasizing the duality of the fear of the Lord and the love of Christ.
Jim Cymbala Against the Flow by Jim Cymbala In this sermon, the speaker shares his experience of preaching in a public setting and facing disdain and mockery when he mentioned God and Jesus. He draws a parallel to the story
David Wilkerson His Eye Is on the Sparrow by David Wilkerson In this sermon, the preacher talks about the presence of Christ and how the Lord spoke to him. He presents a scenario where a person is faced with the option to quit and share thei
Alan Cairns Voices From Hell Speaking to America - Part 4 by Alan Cairns This sermon delves into the reality of hell as depicted in the Bible, emphasizing the urgent need for America to heed the voices from hell that testify to its existence. It challen
Josef Tson Communism, Islam, Sept 11, Soverenty of God - Part1 by Josef Tson In this sermon, the speaker begins by acknowledging the important role of missionaries and their desire to share their stories and literature at mission conferences. He then shares

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