1 Chronicles 10:3
1 Chronicles 10:3 in Multiple Translations
When the battle intensified against Saul, the archers overtook him and wounded him.
And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers hit him, and he was wounded of the archers.
And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers overtook him; and he was distressed by reason of the archers.
And the fight was going against Saul, and the archers came across him, and he was wounded by the archers.
The battle raged intensely around Saul. The enemy archers saw where he was, and they wounded him.
And the battel was sore against Saul; and the archers hit him, and he was wounded of the archers.
And the battle [is] heavy on Saul, and those shooting with the bow find him, and he is wounded by those shooting,
The battle went hard against Saul, and the archers overtook him; and he was distressed by reason of the archers.
And the battle prevailed against Saul, and the archers hit him, and he was wounded by the archers.
And the battle grew hard against Saul, and the archers reached him, and wounded him with arrows.
The fighting was very fierce around Saul, and the ◄archers/men who shot arrows► shot Saul and wounded him severely.
Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Chronicles 10:3
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
1 Chronicles 10:3 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/תִּכְבַּ֤ד
הַ/מִּלְחָמָה֙
עַל
שָׁא֔וּל
וַ/יִּמְצָאֻ֖/הוּ
הַ/מּוֹרִ֣ים
בַּ/קָּ֑שֶׁת
וַ/יָּ֖חֶל
מִן
הַ/יּוֹרִֽים
וַ/תִּכְבַּ֤ד
kâbad
H3513
to honor
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs
הַ/מִּלְחָמָה֙
milchâmâh
H4421
battle
Art | N-fs
עַל
ʻal
H5921
upon
Prep
שָׁא֔וּל
Shâʼûwl
H7586
Shaul
N-proper
וַ/יִּמְצָאֻ֖/הוּ
mâtsâʼ
H4672
to find
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff
הַ/מּוֹרִ֣ים
yârâh
H3384
to shoot
Art | V-Hiphil
בַּ/קָּ֑שֶׁת
qesheth
H7198
bow
Prep | N-fs
וַ/יָּ֖חֶל
chûwl
H2342
to twist
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
מִן
min
H4480
from
Prep
הַ/יּוֹרִֽים
yârâh
H3384
to shoot
Art | V-Qal
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Chronicles 10:3
וַ/תִּכְבַּ֤ד
kâbad
H3513
"to honor"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs
This word can mean to honor or make something weighty, like when God is glorified in Psalm 138, or to be heavy with burdens, as the Israelites were in Exodus 18.
Definition: : honour/glory 1) to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to be heavy 1a2) to be heavy, be insensible, be dull 1a3) to be honoured 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be made heavy, be honoured, enjoy honour, be made abundant 1b2) to get oneself glory or honour, gain glory 1c) (Piel) 1c1) to make heavy, make dull, make insensible 1c2) to make honourable, honour, glorify 1d) (Pual) to be made honourable, be honoured 1e) (Hiphil) 1e1) to make heavy 1e2) to make heavy, make dull, make unresponsive 1e3) to cause to be honoured 1f) (Hithpael) 1f1) to make oneself heavy, make oneself dense, make oneself numerous 1f2) to honour oneself
Usage: Occurs in 108 OT verses. KJV: abounding with, more grievously afflict, boast, be chargeable, [idiom] be dim, glorify, be (make) glorious (things), glory, (very) great, be grievous, harden, be (make) heavy, be heavier, lay heavily, (bring to, come to, do, get, be had in) honour (self), (be) honourable (man), lade, [idiom] more be laid, make self many, nobles, prevail, promote (to honour), be rich, be (go) sore, stop. See also: Genesis 13:2; Job 6:3; Psalms 15:4.
הַ/מִּלְחָמָה֙
milchâmâh
H4421
"battle"
Art | N-fs
This word means battle or war, describing a fight or conflict. It is used in the Bible to talk about wars and battles, like the ones in the book of Joshua. The KJV translates it as battle or fight.
Definition: battle, war
Usage: Occurs in 308 OT verses. KJV: battle, fight(-ing), war(-rior). See also: Genesis 14:2; 1 Samuel 30:24; 2 Chronicles 13:14.
עַל
ʻal
H5921
"upon"
Prep
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
שָׁא֔וּל
Shâʼûwl
H7586
"Shaul"
N-proper
Shaul is a personal name meaning desired, given to several individuals in the Bible, including a Benjamite who became the first king of Israel and a Levite living during the time of the Divided Monarchy. He is mentioned in 1 Chronicles and 1 Samuel.
Definition: A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.6.24; son of: Uzziah (H5818H); father of: Elkanah (H0511I); also called Joel at 1Ch.6.36; Also named: yo.el (יוֹאֵל "Joel" H3100U) § Saul or Shaul = "desired" 1) a Benjamite, son of Kish, and the 1st king of Israel 2) an early king of Edom and a successor of Samlah 3) a son of Simeon 4) a Levite, son of Uzziah
Usage: Occurs in 335 OT verses. KJV: Saul, Shaul. See also: Genesis 36:37; 1 Samuel 16:22; 1 Samuel 24:5.
וַ/יִּמְצָאֻ֖/הוּ
mâtsâʼ
H4672
"to find"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff
Matsa means to find or attain something, whether it is a physical object, a person, or a condition, as seen in various KJV translations.
Definition: 1) to find, attain to 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to find 1a1a) to find, secure, acquire, get (thing sought) 1a1b) to find (what is lost) 1a1c) to meet, encounter 1a1d) to find (a condition) 1a1e) to learn, devise 1a2) to find out 1a2a) to find out 1a2b) to detect 1a2c) to guess 1a3) to come upon, light upon 1a3a) to happen upon, meet, fall in with 1a3b) to hit 1a3c) to befall 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be found 1b1a) to be encountered, be lighted upon, be discovered 1b1b) to appear, be recognised 1b1c) to be discovered, be detected 1b1d) to be gained, be secured 1b2) to be, be found 1b2a) to be found in 1b2b) to be in the possession of 1b2c) to be found in (a place), happen to be 1b2d) to be left (after war) 1b2e) to be present 1b2f) to prove to be 1b2g) to be found sufficient, be enough 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to cause to find, attain 1c2) to cause to light upon, come upon, come 1c3) to cause to encounter 1c4) to present (offering)
Usage: Occurs in 425 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] be able, befall, being, catch, [idiom] certainly, (cause to) come (on, to, to hand), deliver, be enough (cause to) find(-ing, occasion, out), get (hold upon), [idiom] have (here), be here, hit, be left, light (up-) on, meet (with), [idiom] occasion serve, (be) present, ready, speed, suffice, take hold on. See also: Genesis 2:20; Deuteronomy 22:3; 2 Kings 9:35.
הַ/מּוֹרִ֣ים
yârâh
H3384
"to shoot"
Art | V-Hiphil
To show or teach something, like pointing it out or shooting an arrow. It is used in Psalms and Proverbs to describe instructing or directing others.
Definition: 1) to shoot, pour 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to shoot arrows 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to shoot at 1b2) part. shooter, archer 1c) to throw water, rain
Usage: Occurs in 75 OT verses. KJV: ([phrase]) archer, cast, direct, inform, instruct, lay, shew, shoot, teach(-er,-ing), through. See also: Genesis 31:51; Job 8:10; Psalms 11:2.
בַּ/קָּ֑שֶׁת
qesheth
H7198
"bow"
Prep | N-fs
The Hebrew word for bow refers to a weapon used for hunting or battle, but also symbolizes strength and is used to describe a rainbow. In the Bible, it appears in Genesis and other books. It represents power and beauty.
Definition: 1) bow 1a) bow (for hunting, battle) 1b) bowmen, archers 1c) bow (fig. of might) 1d) rainbow
Usage: Occurs in 74 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] arch(-er), [phrase] arrow, bow(-man, -shot). See also: Genesis 9:13; Psalms 44:7; Psalms 7:13.
וַ/יָּ֖חֶל
chûwl
H2342
"to twist"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
This Hebrew word means to twist or whirl, and can describe dancing, pain, or fear. It is used to convey strong emotions or physical struggles, such as childbirth or great fear.
Definition: : tremble/fear 1) to twist, whirl, dance, writhe, fear, tremble, travail, be in anguish, be pained 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to dance 1a2) to twist, writhe 1a3) to whirl, whirl about 1b) (Polel) 1b1) to dance 1b2) to writhe (in travail with), bear, bring forth 1b3) to wait anxiously 1c) (Pulal) 1c1) to be made to writhe, be made to bear 1c2) to be brought forth 1d) (Hophal) to be born 1e) (Hithpolel) 1e1) whirling (participle) 1e2) writhing, suffering torture (participle) 1e3) to wait longingly 1f) (Hithpalpel) to be distressed
Usage: Occurs in 56 OT verses. KJV: bear, (make to) bring forth, (make to) calve, dance, drive away, fall grievously (with pain), fear, form, great, grieve, (be) grievous, hope, look, make, be in pain, be much (sore) pained, rest, shake, shapen, (be) sorrow(-ful), stay, tarry, travail (with pain), tremble, trust, wait carefully (patiently), be wounded. See also: Genesis 8:10; Proverbs 8:24; Psalms 10:5.
מִן
min
H4480
"from"
Prep
This Hebrew word means a portion or part of something, and is often used to show the relationship between things, like from or out of something.
Definition: prep 1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than 1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of 1b) out of 1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling) 1b2) (of material from which something is made) 1b3) (of source or origin) 1c) out of, some of, from (partitively) 1d) from, since, after (of time) 1e) than, more than (in comparison) 1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or 1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons) 1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive) conj 2) that Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)
Usage: Occurs in 1094 OT verses. KJV: above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason of), from (among), in, [idiom] neither, [idiom] nor, (out) of, over, since, [idiom] then, through, [idiom] whether, with. See also: Genesis 2:6; Exodus 16:32; Leviticus 14:26.
הַ/יּוֹרִֽים
yârâh
H3384
"to shoot"
Art | V-Qal
To show or teach something, like pointing it out or shooting an arrow. It is used in Psalms and Proverbs to describe instructing or directing others.
Definition: 1) to shoot, pour 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to shoot arrows 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to shoot at 1b2) part. shooter, archer 1c) to throw water, rain
Usage: Occurs in 75 OT verses. KJV: ([phrase]) archer, cast, direct, inform, instruct, lay, shew, shoot, teach(-er,-ing), through. See also: Genesis 31:51; Job 8:10; Psalms 11:2.
Study Notes — 1 Chronicles 10:3
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 1 Chronicles 10:3 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 10:3
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 10:3
- Trapp's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 10:3
- Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 10:3
- Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 10:3
- Sermons on 1 Chronicles 10:3
Context — Saul’s Overthrow and Death
1Now the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled before them, and many fell slain on Mount Gilboa.
2The Philistines followed hard after Saul and his sons, and they killed Saul’s sons Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua.
3When the battle intensified against Saul, the archers overtook him and wounded him.
4Then Saul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword and run me through with it, or these uncircumcised men will come and torture me!” But his armor-bearer was terrified and refused to do it. So Saul took his own sword and fell on it. 5When his armor-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he too fell on his own sword and died.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 49:23–24 | The archers attacked him with bitterness; they aimed at him in hostility. Yet he steadied his bow, and his strong arms were tempered by the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob, in the name of the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel, |
| 2 | 1 Samuel 31:3–6 | When the battle intensified against Saul, the archers overtook him and wounded him critically. Then Saul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword and run it through me, or these uncircumcised men will come and run me through and torture me!” But his armor-bearer was terrified and refused to do it. So Saul took his own sword and fell on it. When his armor-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he too fell on his own sword and died with him. So Saul, his three sons, his armor-bearer, and all his men died together that same day. |
| 3 | 2 Samuel 1:4–10 | “What was the outcome?” David asked. “Please tell me.” “The troops fled from the battle,” he replied. “Many of them fell and died. And Saul and his son Jonathan are also dead.” Then David asked the young man who had brought him the report, “How do you know that Saul and his son Jonathan are dead?” “I happened to be on Mount Gilboa,” he replied, “and there was Saul, leaning on his spear, with the chariots and the cavalry closing in on him. When he turned around and saw me, he called out and I answered, ‘Here I am!’ ‘Who are you?’ he asked. So I told him, ‘I am an Amalekite.’ Then he begged me, ‘Stand over me and kill me, for agony has seized me, but my life still lingers.’ So I stood over him and killed him, because I knew that after he had fallen he could not survive. And I took the crown that was on his head and the band that was on his arm, and I have brought them here to my lord.” |
| 4 | Amos 2:14 | Escape will fail the swift, the strong will not prevail by his strength, and the mighty will not save his life. |
1 Chronicles 10:3 Summary
This verse tells us that when the battle against Saul got really tough, the archers were able to catch up to him and hurt him. This shows that even the strongest people can be weak when they are on their own and not trusting in God, as seen in Psalms 20:7-8. It's like when we try to face our problems alone, without asking for God's help, we can get hurt and feel overwhelmed. But when we trust in God and ask for His help, He can give us the strength and protection we need, as promised in Isaiah 41:10.
Frequently Asked Questions
What was the turning point in the battle that led to Saul's demise?
According to 1 Chronicles 10:3, when the battle intensified against Saul, the archers overtook him and wounded him, marking a significant turning point in the battle, as seen in the context of 1 Chronicles 10:1-2 where the Philistines were gaining the upper hand.
Why did the archers' attack on Saul prove to be so decisive?
The archers' attack on Saul, as mentioned in 1 Chronicles 10:3, was decisive because it wounded him, leaving him vulnerable to further attack, much like the vulnerability of those who do not wear the full armor of God, as described in Ephesians 6:10-18.
How does this verse relate to the concept of God's sovereignty in battle?
This verse illustrates that God's sovereignty is not limited by human strength or military might, as seen in the outcome of the battle in 1 Chronicles 10:1-5, and is in line with the teaching of Proverbs 21:31, which states that the horse is prepared for the day of battle, but the victory belongs to the Lord.
What can we learn from Saul's experience in this battle?
We can learn from Saul's experience that our strength and security come from the Lord, as stated in Psalms 121:2, and that when we trust in our own abilities, we can fall, but when we trust in God, He can give us the victory, as seen in 1 Samuel 17:45-47.
Reflection Questions
- What are the spiritual lessons that can be drawn from the fact that the archers 'overtake' Saul in this verse, and how can I apply these lessons to my own life?
- How does this verse relate to the idea of spiritual warfare, and what are the implications for my daily walk with God?
- In what ways can I, like Saul, be 'wounded' by the pressures and challenges of life, and how can I find healing and restoration in Christ?
- What does this verse teach about the importance of perseverance and trust in God, especially in the face of adversity, and how can I cultivate these qualities in my own life?
Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 10:3
[See comments on 1 Samuel 31:3]
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 10:3
And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers hit him, and he was wounded of the archers. The archers hit him, and he was wounded.
Trapp's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 10:3
1 Chronicles 10:3 And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers hit him, and he was wounded of the archers.Ver. 3. And the battle went sore against Saul.] The weight of the war was turned against him. See the like policy used, 1 Kings 22:31. This is the right bird, said that officer of the cuirassiers, who shot the king of Sweden through the body at the battle of Lutzen. And he was wounded of the archers.] Heb., He was grieved, or frighted: he, who by his tyranny had been terrible and grievous to others, &c., his sin hath found him out, being worse than any archer’ s. A horse soldier wearing a cuirass.
Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 10:3
(3) The battle went sore against Saul.—Literally, was heavy upon (Samuel, “unto”) him, like a burden weighing him to the earth. And the archers hit him.—Literally, And they that shoot with the bow came upon him; and he shuddered (Sam., “greatly”) before the shooters. “He shuddered or trembled” (Deuteronomy 2:25). The verb is properly to writhe, travail (Isaiah 23:4). Saul’s deadly terror was natural. He believed himself forsaken of God, and stood now, after a lost battle, beset by murderous foes, whom he could not reach. There was no chance of a fair hand to hand encounter. The Heb. word for “archers” is the same in both places in Sam. (môrîm); here a rarer form (yôrîm, 2 Chronicles 35:23) fills the second place. The Philistines were from Egypt, and the bow was a favourite Egyptian arm. The hieroglyph for “soldier” (menfat) is a man with bow and quiver.
Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 10:3
3. the archers hit him, and he was wounded of the archers] R.V. the archers overtook him; and he was distressed by reason of the archers.
Sermons on 1 Chronicles 10:3
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
It All Began With a Thirsty Woman by Carter Conlon | In this sermon, the speaker addresses a group of business people and initially intends to talk about the needs of orphans in Africa. However, he feels compelled to discuss a debt t |
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How to Comment Spiritual Suicide by Charlie Orr | In this sermon, the preacher discusses the topic of spiritual suicide and how it can lead to physical suicide. He uses the story of Saul from the book of 1 Samuel as an example. Sa |
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David Gaining Strength and Encouragement in the Lord Part 1 by Chuck Smith | In this sermon, Pastor Chuck Smith begins by discussing the closing events of 1 Samuel, which include the death of Saul and his sons at the hands of the Philistines. He then transi |
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The Punishment of a Privileged People by Aaron Dunlop | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the intensity of the message of punishment on a privileged people who have heard and rejected the Gospel. The book of Obadiah, with its brev |