Ethics

In the Bible, ethics is fundamentally concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior that govern human conduct, reflecting the character of God and His commandments. The Hebrew Scriptures, particularly the Torah, provide a foundational ethical framework through laws and commandments that guide interpersonal relationships and societal conduct (e.g., Exodus 20:1-17, the Ten Commandments). These laws emphasize love, justice, mercy, and righteousness, encapsulated in the greatest commandments: to love God with all one’s heart, soul, and mind, and to love one’s neighbor as oneself (Deuteronomy 6:5; Leviticus 19:18; Matthew 22:37-40).The New Testament expands on these ethical principles by focusing on the attitude of the heart and the spirit behind actions rather than mere adherence to the letter of the law. Jesus’ teachings, especially in the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7), highlight internal moral integrity, urging followers to exhibit love, forgiveness, and humility. The Apostle Paul also addresses ethical living in his letters, encouraging believers to live in accordance with the Spirit and to exhibit qualities such as love, joy, peace, and self-control (Galatians 5:22-23). Thus, biblical ethics is not just about following rules but embodying a lifestyle that reflects God’s character and purposes in the world.

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