G4119 πλείων (pleíōn)

πολύς, πολλή (fr. an older form πολλός, found in Hom., Hes., Pind.), πολύ; [(cf. Curtius § 375)]; Sept. chiefly for 39; much; used a. of multitude, number, etc., many, numerous, great: ἀριθμός, Acts xi. 21; λαός, Acts xviii. 10; ὄχλος, Mk. v. 24; vi. 34; [viii.1 LT Tr WH]; Lk. vii. 11; viii. 4; Jn. vi. 2,5; Rev. vii. 9; xix. 6, etc.; πλῆθος, Mk. iii. 7sq.; Lk. v. 6; Acts xiv. 1, ete.; 1. q. abundant, plenteous [A. V. often much], καρπός, Jn. xii. 24; xv. 5,8; θερισμός, (the harvest to be gathered), Mt. ix. 37; Lk. x. 2; γῆ, Mt. xiii. 5; Mk. iv. 5; χόρτος, Jn. vi. 10; οἶνος, 1 Tim. iii. 8; plur. πολλοὶ τελῶναι, Mt. ix. 10; Mk. ii. 15; πολλοὶ προφῆται, Mt. xiii. 17; Lk. x. 24; σοφοί, 1 Co. i. 26; πατέρες, 1 Co. iv. 15; δυνάμεις, Mt. vii. 22; xiii. 58, ete.; ὄχλοι, Mt. iv. 25; viii. 1; xii. 15 [but here L TWH om. Trbr. ὄχ.7; Lk. v. 15, ete.; δαιμόνια, Mk.i. 34; and in many otherexx.; with participles used substantively, Mt. viii. 16; 1 Co. xvi. 9, ete.; with the article prefixed: ai ἁμαρτίαι αὐτῆς αἱ πολλαί, her sins which are many, LK. vii. 47; τὰ πολλὰ γράμματα, the great learning with which I see that you are furnished, Acts xxvi. 24; ὁ πολὺς ὄχλος, the great multitude of common people present, Mk. xii. 37 [ef. ὁ ὄχλ. πολύς, Jn. xii. 9 T Tr mrg. WH; see ὄχλος, 11. Plur. mase. πολλοί, absol. and without the art., many, a large part of mankind: πολλοί simply, Mt. vii. 13, 22; xx. 28; xxvi. 28; Mk. ii. 2; iii. 10; x. 45; xiv. 24; Lk.i.1,14; Heb. ix. 28, and very 9 πολύς often; opp. to ὀλίγοι, Mt. χχ. 16 [T WH om. Tr br. the cl.]; ἕτεροι πολλοί, Acts xv. 35; ἄλλαι πολλαί, Mk. xv. 41; ἕτεραι πολλαί, Lk. viii. 3; πολλοί foll. by a partit. gen., as τῶν Φαρισαίων, Mt. iii. 7; add, LK. i. 16; Jn. xii. 11; Acts iv. 4; xiii. 43; 2 Co. xii. 21; Rev. viii. 11, ete.; foll. by ἐκ with a gen. of class, as πολλοὶ ἐκ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ, Jn. vi. 60; add, vii. 31,40; x. 20; χὶ. 19, 45; Acts xvii. 12; πολλοὶ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, Jn. iv. 39. with the article prefixed, οἱ πολλοί, the many [ef. W. 110 (105)]: those contrasted with 6 εἷς (i. 6. both with Adam and with Christ), ace. to the context equiv. to the rest of mankind, Ro. v. 15,19, ef. 12, 18; we the (i.e. who are) many, Ro. xii. 5; 1 Co. x.17; the many whom ye know, 2 Co. ii. 17; the many i. 6. the most part, the majority, Mt. xxiv. 12; 1Co. x. 33. b. with nouns denoting an action, an emotion, a state, which can be said to have as it were measure, weight, force, intensity, size, continuance, or repetition, much i. q. great, strong, intense, large: ἀγάπη, Eph. ii.4; ὀδύνη, 1 Tim. vi. 10; θρῆνος, κλαυθμός, dduppos, Mt. ii. 18; χαράΐ Ree." χάρις], Philem. 7; ἐπιθυμία, 1 Th. ii. 17 ; μακροθυμία, Ro. ix. 22; ἔλεος, 1 Pet. i. 3; γογγυσμός, Jn. vii. 12; τρόμος, 1 Co. ii. 3; πόνος [Rec. ζῆλος], Col. iv. 13; ἀγών, 1 Th. ii. 2; ἄθλησις, Heb. x. 32; θλίψις, 2 Co. ii. 4:1 ΤῊ. 1. 6; καύχησις, 2 Co. vii. 4; πεποίθησις, 2 Co. vill. 22; mAnpopopia, 1 Th. i. 5; παρρησία, 2 Co. iii. 12; vil. 4; 1 Tim. iii. 13; Philem. 8; παράκλησις, 2 Co. viii. 4; συζήτησις [T WH Tr txt. ζήτησις], Acts xv. 7; xxviii. 29 [Ree.]; στάσις, Acts xxiii. 10; dotria, Acts xxvii. 21; Bia, Acts xxiv. 7 [Rec.]; διακονία, Lk. x. 40; σιγή, deep silence, Acts xxi. 40 (Xen. Cyr. 7, 1, 25); φαντασία, Acts xxv. 23; δύναμις καὶ δόξα, Mt. xxiv. 30; Lk. xxi. 275 μισθός, Mt. v.12; Lk. vi. 23, 35; εἰρήνη, Acts xxiv. 2 (3); περὶ οὗ πολὺς ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος, about which [but see λόγος, 1. 3 a.] we have much (in readiness) to say, Heb. ν. 11 (πολὺν λόγον ποιεῖσθαι περί τινος, Plat. Phaedo p.115d.; cf. Ast, Lex. Plat. iii. p. 148). c. of time, much, long: πολὺν χρόνον, Jn. ν. 6; μετὰ χρόνον πολύν, Mt. xxv. 19; ὥρα πολλή, much time (i. 6. ἃ large part of the day) is spent [see ὥρα, 2], Mk. vi. 35; ὥρας πολλῆς γενομένης [Tdf. γινομ.Ἴ, of a late hour of the day, ibid. (so πολλῆς ὥρας, Polyb. 5, 8,33; ἐπὶ πολλὴν ὥραν, Joseph. antt. 8,4, 45 ἐμάxovro... ἄχρι πολλῆς ὥρας, Dion. Hal. 2, 54); πολλοῖς χρόνοις, for a long time, Lk. viii. 29 (οὐ πολλῷ χρόνῳ, Hdian. 1, 6, 24 [8 ed. Bekk.]; χρόνοις πολλοῖς ὕστερον, Plut. Thes. 6; [see χρόνος, sub fin.]) ; εἰς ἔτη πολλά, Lk. xii. 19; (ἐκ or) ἀπὸ πολλῶν ἐτῶν, Acts xxiv. 10; Ro. xv. 23 [here WH Tr txt. ἀπὸ ἱκανῶν ér.]; ἐπὶ πολύ, (for) a long time, Acts xxviii. 6; μετ᾽ ov πολύ, not long after [see μετά, 11. 2 b.], Acts xxvii. 14. ἃ. Neut. sing. πολύ, much, substantively, i. 4. many things: Lk. xii. 48; much, adverbially, of the mode and degree of an action: ἠγάπησε, Lk. vii. 47; πλανᾶσθε, Mk. xii. 27; sc. ὠφελεῖ, Ro. iii. 2. πολλοῦ as a gen. of price (fr. Hom. down ; cf. Passow s. v. IV. Ὁ. vol. ii. p. 1013"; [cf. W. 206 (194)]): πραθῆναι, for much, Mt. xxvi. 9. ἐν πολλῷ, in (administering) much (i. e. many things), Lk. xvi. 10; with great labor, great effort, Acts xxvi. 29 (where LT TrWH ἐν μεγάλῳ [see μέγας, 1 8. γ.}. with a compar. (cf. W. 8 35, 1]: πολὺ σπουδαιότερον, 2 Co. viii. 22 (in Grk. writ. fr. Hom. down); πολλῷ πλείους, many more, Jn. iv. 41; πολλῷ [or πολὺ] μᾶλλον, see μᾶλλον, 1 ἃ. 58. with the article, τὸ πολύ, Germ. das Viele (opp. to τὸ ὀλίγον), 2 Co. viii. 15 [cf. B. 395 (338); W. 589 (548)]. Plural πολλά a. many things; as, διδάσκειν, λαλεῖν, Mt. xiii. 3; Mk. iv. 2; vi. 34; Jn. viii. 26; xiv. 30; παθεῖν, Mt. xvi. 21; Mk. v. 26; ix.12; Lk. ix. 22, etc., and often in Grk. writ. fr. Pind. Ol. 13, 90 down; ποιεῖν, Mk. vi. 20 [T Tr mrg. WH ἀπορεῖν] ; πρᾶξαι, Acts xxvi. 9; add as other exx., Mt. xxv. 21, 23; Mk. xii. 41; xv. 3; Jn. xvi. 12; 2Co. viii. 22; 2Jn. 12; 3Jn.13; πολλὰ καὶ ἄλλα, Jn. xx. 30. [On the Grk. (and Lat.) usage which treats the notion of multitude not as something external to a thing and consisting merely in a comparison of it with other things, but as an attribute inhering in the thing itself, and hence capable of being co-ordinated with another attributive word by means of καί (q. v. I. 3), see Kiihner § 523, 1 (or on Xen. mem. 1, 2, 24) ; Baumlein, Partikeln, p- 146; Kriiger §69, 32,3; Lob. Paral. p.60; Herm. ad Vig. p. 835; W.§59, 3 fin.; B. 362 sq. (311). Cf. Passow s.v.I.3a.; L. and S.s. v. II. 2.] B. adverbially [ef. W. 463 (432); B.§ 128, 2], much: MK. [vi. 20 T Tr mrg. (?) WH (see dmopéw) |; ix. 26; Ro. xvi. 6, 12 [L br. the cl.J; in many ways, Jas. iii. 2; with many words, [R. V. much], with verbs of saying; as, κηρύσσειν, παρακαλεῖν, etc., Mk. i. 45; 111. 12; v. 10, 23, 43; 1 Co. xvi. 12; many times, often, repeatedly: Mt. ix. 14 [RG Tr WH mrg.] (and often in Grk. writ. fr. Hom. down ; cf. Passow 8. v. V. 1 a. vol. ii. p. 1013”; [L. and S. III. a.]; Stallbaum on Plat. Phaedo p. 61 ¢c.); with the art. τὰ πολλά, for the most part, [R. V. these many times] (Vulg. plurimum), Ro. xy. 22[L Tr mrg. πολλάκις] (exx. fr. Grk. writ. are given by Passow l. c., [L. and S. 1. 6.7, and by Fritzsche, Ep. ad Rom. iii. p. 281).

πολύς polys 416x

great in magnitude or quantity, much, large, Mt. 13:5; Jn. 3:23; 15:8; pl. many, Mt. 3:7; in time, long, Mt. 25:19; Mk. 6:35; Jn. 5:6; οἱ πολλοί, the many, the mass, Rom. 5:15; 12:5; 1 Cor. 10:33; τὸ πολύ, much, 2 Cor. 8:15; πολύ, as an adv., much, greatly, Mk. 12:27; Lk. 7:47; of time, ἐπὶ πολύ, a long time, Acts 28:6; μετ’ οὐ πολὺ, not long after, Acts 27:14; followed by a compar., much, 2 Cor. 8:22; πολλῷ, much, by much, Mt. 6:30; Mk. 10:48; τὰ πολλά, as an adv., most frequently, generally, Rom. 15:22; πολλά, as an adv., much, greatly, vehemently, Mk. 1:45; 3:12; of time, many times, frequently, often, Mt. 9:14

πλέον, v.s. πολύς.

πολύς, “much,” plur. ‘‘many’’: P Petr I. 2905 (iii/B.c.) χάρις τοῖς θεοῖς πολλὴ εἰ ὑγιαίνεις, ‘‘much thanks to the gods if you are well,” P Ryl II. 2435 (ii/A.D.) τοῦτο οὐ μόνον ἡμεῖν yevapevov ἀλλὰ Kal πολλοῖς, ‘this has happened not to us only but to many ” (Edd.), and 16. 238* (A.p. 262) διὰ πολλὰς χρείας, “for various needs’ (Edd.). The word is very conimon in epistolary greetings (πολλὰ χαίρειν : exx. from B.C. 118 to ili/iv A.D. in Exler Eprstolography p. 27 f.) and in rhetorical prefaces (Sirach proem.), and consequently, as Cadbury suggests (in Jackson and Lake Beginnings of Christianity Part I. Vol. ii. p. 492 f.), πολλοί must not be pressed to mean “ἡ Ac 243, 10, For the adverbial πολλά, which ‘‘ lies between πολύ and πολλάκις : it is ‘much’ with the idea of plurality and repetition introduced’’ (Hort ad Jas 32), cf. P Heid 622 (iv/a.p.) (= Selections, p. 127) πολλὰ προσαγωρεύ(ω) πάντεί -- a)s τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ἡμῶν ἐν K(vpljw, and the curious P Lond 1916”? (c. A.D. 330-340) ἐπιδὴ τὰ πολλὰ πλεῖστα ἀργύρια χρεωστῖ, “ since he owes much, very much money” (Bell). Deissmann (LAZ, p. 317) supplies an interesting parallel to Rom 16° from a Roman woman's praise of her husband in a sepulchral inscr. C/G IV. 9552° tels(= ὅστις) por πολλὰ ἐκοπίασεν, ‘‘ who laboured much for me.’”’ And in P Leid C recto ™ (p.c. 161) (= UPZi. p. 353) ταῦτα πάντα τὰ πολλὰ ἐννήα εἰσί, Wilcken understands τὰ πολλά adverbially—‘‘ dies alles ist meistens neu.” Πολλοῦ, as gen. of price (Mt 26%) meets us in P Ἀν] II. 244) (ili/A.D.) τὰ δὲ σωμάτια πολλοῦ ἐστιν ἐνθά[δ]ε, ““slaves are very dear here.” A good ex. of πολλῷ μᾶλλον (Lk 1839) is afforded by P Par 264? (B.c. 162) (= UPZi. p- 248, Se/ectzons p. 18) where the Serapeum Twins petition ἵνα, πᾶν τὸ ἑξῆς ἔχουσαι, πολλῶι μᾶλλον τὰ νομιζόμενα τῶι Σαράπει καὶ τῆι Ἴσει ἐπιτελῶμεν, ‘that, when we have everything in order, we may be much better able to perform the usual ritual to Serapis and to Isis.”’ “Ὥρας πολλῆς γενομένης in Mk 655 can be paralleled from Dion. Hal. ii. 54 ἐμάχοντο ἄχρι πολλῆς ὥρας, ‘to a late hour” (see Swete ad Mk /.c.). And the pendent nom. of time in Mk 82 meets us in P Oxy XIV. 1764? (iii/A.D.) ἐπεὶ πολ[λ]αὶ ἡμέραι προσκαρτεροῦμεν Φιλέᾳ, where there is no need to correct with the editors into πολ[λ]ὰς ἡμέρας. The instrumental dat. πολλοῖς χρόνοις to denote duration of time is common, e.g. P Oxy I. 1128 (iii/iv A.D.) ἐρρῶσθ[αί very many” in such passages as Lk 1}, , πομα σε] εὔχομαι [πο]λλοῖς [χρόνοις, “1 pray for your continued health” (Edd.). In the account of a legal process at Alexandria in the 2nd half of iv/A.p., published in 4vehzv i. p. 298 f., we find ii 9 ὃς... ob per’ οὐ πολὺ ἥξει, ‘qui pourra se présenter dans peu de temps” (Ed.): cf. BGU II. 614!* (a.p. 216) μετ᾽ οὐ πολύ, ‘not longafter.” For ἐκ πολλοῦ χρόνου see P Strass I. 4215 (a.p. 310), and for ἐπὶ πολύ, see PSI IV. 2994 (iti/A.D.), where Ghedini (Zeé¢fere p. 87) translates ‘‘a tal punto.” The LXX πολλοστός in the sense of “great,” ‘ powerful’’ (2 Kingd 237°, Prov 51%), is discussed by Thackeray Gr. i. p. 185. See also s.vu. πλείων, πλεῖστος.

πλείων, πλεῖον (pleiōn, pleion) — greater. πλείων, πλέων, ὁ, ἡ, neuter πλεῖον, πλέον, πλεῖν, comparative of πολύς (on the forms see entry near the end), more, of number, size, extent, etc., οἱ δὲ μάχονται παυρότεροι πλεόνεσσι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐς πλείονας οἰκεῖν govern for the interest of the majority, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλέον᾽ ἔλπομαι λόγον Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν greater than.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸν πλείω λόγον all further speech, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλείω τὸν πλοῦν.. ποιησάμενοι having made the voyage longer, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ π. βίος a longer life, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of Time, longer, π. χρόνος [Refs 8th c.BC+]

2. with Article, οἱ πλέονες the greater number, the mass or crowd,[Refs 8th c.BC+]; the people, opposed to the chief men, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; euphemistic of the dead, ἀνεστηκυῖα παρὰ τῶν πλειόνων [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐς πλεόνων μετοικεσίην[Refs 1st c.AD+]; τὸ πλεῖον πολέμοιο the greater part of.., [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὅστις τοῦ πλέονος μέρους χρῄζει, opposed to τοῦ μετρίου, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II. peculiar usages of neuter:

II.1. as a Noun, more, πλεῦν ἔτι τούτου [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ δὲ π. nay, what is more, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; to a greater extent, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλέον or τὸ πλέον τινός a higher degree of a thing, τίς πλέον τᾶς εὐδαιμονίας φέρε; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also τὸ π. ὃ ἀναφέρει the excess which he reports, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ᾧ πλεῖον the excess, probably in [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; πλέον ἔχειν to have the advantage, have the best of it, like{πλεονεκτέω}, with genitive, [Refs 6th c.BC+]; π. ποιεῖν do some good, be successful, βουλοίμην ἂν πλέον τί με ποιῆσαι ἀπολογούμενον [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν π. ποιήσειν, -ῆσαι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐδὲν ἐπίσταμαι π. have no superior knowledge, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τί πλέο; what more, i.e. what good or use is it? [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπὶ πλέον as adverb, more, further, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with genitive, beyond, ἐπὶ π. τῶν ἄλλων ἰσχύσας [Refs 5th c.BC+]to surpassing height in.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; περὶ πλείονος ποιεῖσθαι, see at {περί} [Refs 4th c.BC+]

II.2. as adverb, more, rather, π. ἔφερέ οἱ ἡ γνώμη κατεργάσεσθαι τὴν Ἑλλάδα he inclined rather to the belief.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἔλαττον more or less, [Refs 6th c.AD+]; also τὸ π., Ionic dialect τὸ πλεῦν, for the most part, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτῆς τὸ π. μέτοχός εἰμι have the larger share, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ π., ={μᾶλλον, οὐ χάριτι τὸ π. ἢ φόβῳ} [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐστὶν ὁ πόλεμος οὐχ ὅπλων τὸ π., ἀλλὰ δαπάνης not so much.., as.., [Refs]

II.2. b with Numerals, τοξότας π. ἢ εἴκοσι μυριάδας [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν πλέον ἢ διακοσίοις ἔτεσι variant in [Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ἢ ἐν διπλασίῳ χρόνῳ [Refs 5th c.BC+] P., but the rule is not universal,[Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλεῖν ἢ χιλίας (i.e. δραχμάς) [Refs]; πλεῖν (πλεῖον codices) ἢ πέντε τάλαντα [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἤ is frequently omitted, πλεῖν ἑξακοσίας [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔτη γεγονὼς πλείω ἑβδομήκοντα variant in [Refs 5th c.BC+]; but δέκα πλείοσιν ἔτεσι for ten years more, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: with number in genitive, κώμας.. οὐ πλεῖον εἴκοσι σταδίων ἀπεχούσας [Refs]

II.2. c Comedy texts, πλεῖν ἢ μαίνομαι more than to madness, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II.2. d plural πλείω used like{πλέον}, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II.2. e regular adverb πλειόνως [Refs 4th c.BC+] __B FORMS: Epic dialect use πλείων or πλέων as metre requires, also nominative and accusative plural πλέες, πλέᾰς, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (so, with ι from ε, Cretan dialect πλίες, πλίας, [Refs]; πλέας also Aeolic dialect, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; dative plural πλεόνεσσι [Refs 8th c.BC+] is falsa lectio in [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Aeolic dialect πλήων Hdn.Gr.2.431, also late Doric dialect, [Refs 1st c.AD+]; Attic dialect Inscrr. have -ει- always before -ου- and -ω-, [Refs]